Roseburg news-review. (Roseburg, Or.) 1920-1948, April 13, 1927, Image 9

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Roseburg news-review., April 13, 1927, Page 9, Image 9

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Newspaper Page TextAUTO SECTION AUTO SECTION VOL. XXVU NO. 314 OF RpSEBURQ REVIEW 7e Foundry Is the First Step in Mass Production of the Modern armm This Ib the fourth of a series of articles on the making, of the mod ern automobile.' r ; , BY ISRAEL KLEIN ' Science Editor, NEA Service. ' From the beginning, quantity '.production lakes hold of- theauto mobile industry, s : ,."' ; . . . v 1'rnctlcnlly every automobile .plant tortiiy, no matlor how costly or bow flno the product, 'hag. its ncbain and., roller conveyors, . Im :i proved machinery that 'replace gangs of moil and systematized , methods that snvo time and. labor. v Quallly, -however,- Is- not' sacri ficed. In fact It Is assured through faultless, machine methods'- and greater 'precision instruments. Ev ery step In the process of manu. . . facture Is checked up and - tested, . after which an entire assembly is tried out and checked again. . ., - .to insure this quality, however, ! one step -In tho manufacturing process has to be so precise as to forego the advantages of quantity production. That Is Id the design v. of parts and the making . of, pat terns. ' "' ' - .' ''.-: ; Design covers every single part of the machine, down to the last nut and bolt. For this purpose Ufi : automobile shop has a large ropni -where a scoro op more ot mechan : ical engineers constantly worlfon plans and : the Improvement of thotr-deslgn, , , - r ( ; r "Drop Foralngs" First .': ,' - With .blue prints of approval plans made, thosorftiulrIng forg ing of parts, suclTns the crank shafts, the camshafts, connecting rods nd axles, go down to the forge, shop. Hero .these parts are -pounded out of. bars of "red-hot . - steel-'-the kind that's strong, tough . and not brittle by an electric drop , hammer. Only the: rough ; . shnpe Is attained, for- machines lat tor -mill these parts down to the proper measurements: - v ; v .Other plans, go tp the pattern- making department for the casting . .operational on , crankcases, . engine blocks and other parts. . , ; Wood pattens , aren't used in - . modern, foundry practice, for they ; 'wouldn't last long under the stress of quantity .production and ton slant. use. So molds are made from . them and aluminum - patterns are . cast. These-may be used' time on end, or until a'Chanee ts mnHp fn hp rloatim How She. Hittin' By Israel Klein . ' " . Science Editor, NBA Service ' ' Enjoyment of the summer tour depends on the performance of . jour car. . This performance de pends on its rehabilitation after the harsh treatment It has gotten under the rough wintry weather- ' ;' The car is grimy, it rattles, it clanks and squeaks, so thtft pretty nenily evoy part of it needs re adjustment. Winter , has been hard on: it. , It has been Coo cold tot get out and tune it up or adjust its parts every once inja while. It. has been too muddy to think ot giving it a cleaning and oiling.. A-', Now the streets -have begun to clear up and the road is calling. A thinner,mlxture of gas and air than that required over winter 'Will result ) in . more economical driving as' If warms up. ' There fore tho screw that controls this mixture should be turned while the engine is running slowly, until it begins to sputter. Then jiist.the . slightest turit bnck, and the car buretor Is ready for the summer's driving. . ; . Thinning the mixture means letting less gass enter the.' cylin ders in efficient proportion to the . air, reducing carbon deposit and crnnkcase dilution, and resulting In more mileage. -' The radiator, still reeking with alcohol or an antl-freez compound, should be flushed thoroughly. The bottom stop cock should be opened and all the water in the cooling system drained ouL ' Then, while . the engine is running slow , ly, new water should be added while the stop-cock is still open. Water should be kent flowing through the system until It comes out as clear as it is poured in. Then 'the stop-cock may' be .' closed and . the system filled , with fresh water. , . . ' . '.;;,'. All bolts on the chassis, bodv ' and engine should : he tightened. Winter driving has been hard on the car. It has been shaken up to . such an extent that many-ports of It arc loose. Tightening . of the bolts will prolong the car's life. , The car needs fresh oiling and 'greasing, as has been explained before, from the crankcase to the rpr springs. , , ; - ' . " Th pnelne. at the same time, mpv he fluphed out flth a thin oil before the kind of oil recommend ed by the manufacturer Is put in. Kerosene should not be used for Ihls nurnoso. because not all of it .- can he drained nut of the craflk- case after flushing. The remain Consolidation el The Evening New and .'The Roteburg Review ' -J'l X Vfc f I 1 " Quality and quantity production In the modern auto plant Include an experimental foundry,' as In- upper ' view, where .inew alloys, and methods are tested, and the massive handling of tons of red-hot metal, as shown below. - In tho foundry modern, efficien cy and systematic mothods begin. But the very first step consists of a highly important test on which, depends the succesB ot the . cast ing operations.-fhat Is a check on the sands used In the molds. . Proper Packing Needed. - . Each batch . Is : tested :: to see whether It has the proper amount ......... .. ,;..... ..... 'wnctuor.. 1L Wljl UL1U peruiii inu es- der is not at ajl helpful to the oil" put In later. ', - -s .-. 1 , , The engine might need tuning up after fou to six months of ,hard driving. That's the job of a practical mechanic. - . it includes grinding the valves, cleaning out the carbon, replacing the spark plugs where, necessary and timing the Ignition. In the same process, - the car buretor can be adjusted for worm weather driving. , , . .' . - The' "battery should be charged, if it is below normal density, and it should be filled with pure.w'ater. .The shor, days and long nights have been hard on 'this parti of the car, so that very likely it is-run down'. - Once recharged, there, will be ho. trouble with; It for the rest of' the year. ' .'V.o-:', ; :' ':,":.:Y.,r - ' ... , ',,''-''''-:' s.-iS-r. After. ; these preparations, and cleaning the body,' the car Is ready for the vacation, lour.-' Try our buttermilk lfg differ ent Roaehurg Dairy. Phone 186.. . BETTER TOURIST By NEA Service. , ' WASHINGTON, Xprll 13. Con crete highways, wider aud more inviting- than those of former years,, will, speed millions of tour ists this year over America's vary ing landscapes. -( ' 1 This year, for' the first time. Motorists will find their . Way across country as 'easily as going downtown. - All important high ways under federal aid have been numbered systematically, and all are marked uniformly for the guid ance of. tourists. There are eighty thousand miles of such highways, The entire gov ernment and state system - ot sur faced ' roads covers more than 200,000 miles. This yent nearly 30, 000 more miles, will be prepared for driving. Most of these roads are of gravel and macadam, but they are welt packed, smooth and generally well maintained. 'The concrete - roads coyer more than 30,000 miles. : . Turn Back to America ,' Over this network of Improved highways will travel a host of mo torists larger than any In former years. Last yoar. It haR been -es cape of the cases .that form when the molten metal is poured .into the . mold. It .these, gases caa't es cape . freely, blisters, and : holes form in the castings , and ' render the parts useless. .... ; ; Large overhead electric convey ors carry the sand to hoppers over the spots where the molds are poured. Tho pattorn is set on a permanent ' bnse, a wooden box is placed around it and the sand Is ..''"-"SOUTH AFRICA BUYS South Africa Is one of Ameri ca's . best customers. .' Last year's count of automobiles there show ed that thrce-fourlhs of its cars had been -imported . from - the United States and Canada. NSURANCE1 MAY i- ' " 1 : FORCE QA8 TAX ! (By NEA Service.) BOSTON, -April ' 13.- The high . coatof the-compulsory insurance law 1 in Massnchu- setts, the first state to adopt this fdrmof automobile legis- 4. latlon, may force the author!- ties' to offset this by a gaso- line tax. . . ... . - 4 .' -Massachusetts Is one ot the' 4 four'ftmalning states that are stHLfree of the gasoline tax. Now a bill, that has great promise of passing, proposes . a uniform registration fee ot $3 on every automobile and a tax of 3 cents a gallon for the gas he uses. . '. . , timated, more than 15,000.000 campers alone enjoyed the coun try s scenerv over these highways. These took from five, to fifteen days to stay at a single camp, and many' extended: their tours for more than a month.. . : .Many more millions burned up the roads for weekly and week end trips. Practically every mo torist shared : with others the pleasures of short tours lasting no longer than a day. - . This year this summer pleasure Is expected to Increase with the growth In the number' of motor ists, the Improvement of highways and touring facilities and a gen eral awakening to the attractions America has to offer. Thousands, of tourists', , It la believed, who otherwise would seek vacations by a tour through Europe, will turn their backs on that continent to "See America First." The result will - bo' a general quickening of motoring activities all over the United States. The national parks will swarm with thousands of visitors. Some 2500 tourists' camps will be packed with transients. Hummer hotels and cottages wilt be filled. Bust- t DOUGL AS ROSEBURG. OREGON. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13, 1927. dropped in.-; ':' : . .. . , ; Holes are gouged out for pouring the metal, the mold la tamped down or packed' In by. an electric vibrator or pounding machine, it IS smoothed off at the top, turned ov er and the -pattern. Is lifted off. ', That ' leaves ' a , smooth, . olean mold, half of the crankcase or oth or part to be cast. The other, half is molded, in the same: way. ' The two are put face to face, , to form an entire mold, and they are read: uir castmg. .',-.; '.-:. .'!.;.?,.. Rows-ot Castlnos V Once done, the molds . are line. up In a double row between, which a crane travels. A large bucket of hot metal taken from the cupola le conducted down' this line, stopping --- - - pouring a quantity of the metal in-1 tp' it. One man does the ' work, Ming In a hanging cage that cedes tho metal and controlling the entire operation by electricity. , The metal is auowed to set and cool. . Then the . molds are taken up and the sand shaken out. That sand, hayhig.undergoue a chemical change under the heat of the cast ing, is sent through a cleansing and , retreating process that makes it fit for further, use. . , ; ' ." 'The castings are cleaned of the sand that Btlcks to them. , Extrane ous metal is knocked off or cut off. while other sections are built up by electric welding,-so. that the en tire part may roughly fit . the di mensions of the original pattern. .j Electric Furnaces . ' ' . Small brass-parts are. cast lit it separate foundry. In a smaller way. Here, in the more modern plants, electric cupolas or furnaces, heat the metal. ; ' ' ', In the . case of the engine hlnnR the. better plants, set this part out under the weather for a long as a year to season it tnoroughly. ;Thus this part which has,, to withstand the strain of great neat and . in tense -cold in o'u'i winter day boob through a warylng. and slninklng process un'tr ; all oondUionB of weatner,.' . .,"" - ... By the end of the yenr. it Is coh- Bidereu seasoned and). its cylinders can be bored and grounddown lo size without fear pf their changing under ordinary conditions of, woalh-. Next week Klein Will'- tell how the intricate moving parts of the car are made. - ..... -. r The steering -ease of a car Is be coming more .and. more important, especially in metropolitan centers, according to Rapp . Bros., local Star car dealers. ' '. -.' - . . . "Prompt response to pressure on the steering wheel as well as. easy gear movement and clutch action," Rapp .declares, "is a vital necessity in this day and age of dense traf fic. -Even, when one-is touring the high touring speeds that are pre ferable demand ;the. same condi tions that a driver heeds .in traf fic.'; ...... . Rapp Bros, point out new fore and aft steering system that has been adopted on the Greater - Star aix. 'i ney. state this system - im proves the steering ease. 100 - tier- cont and enables the driver of onu of those cars to drive with thoot minimum of effort. , , STAR STEEeilUG ' GEAR WORKS FASY ROADS WILL CARRY A RECORD ARMY OVER THE UNITED STATES 'as. No veteran tourist can-escape the lure of such roads as thtte. Einx county, Massachusetts, while the one at the rlglht shows t alone the Lincoln Highway In Allegheny county, Pa. CPU NT V. IS SET ASIDE BY The week of April 24-30 has been officially designated' for nation--wldo .observance . as -"American Forest Week'' by President Cpol-idgo.-in a proclamation mado pub lic by the United States .Depart ment of Agriculture,,. v . This your will mark tho seventh annual : observance' . of , the iweok, Prosldout Harding in 11121 having Issued tho first proclamation Which brought (he .federal government behind tho movement.. Of the num erous weeks observed in the coun try, this is the only one to which the 1 government ol the United j s,ntos ias Blvtm rocoKiiitloii and. Kiiiiiifii-r . , . . ' .. . ' , ' ne, 1 esiueut proolnlmcd the nra-l.."" wii ruretc weeK "in I ",a ucllet tllal 110 "er of our in terijal problems is oi greater mo ment tnan the rehabilitation of our forests,- now so hopefully begun but needing the strong support of otfr collective ; will and Intelli gence." He emphasized the import ance of. farm' forestry as a means for lessening agriculture surpluses and meeting the problems of agri cultural overproduction, . and . the rosultlng depression in the farming industry. Regarding, tlio part for estry might play in farm relief the president said: . . ,. ','.. "Ope-fourth of otlr , soil -is bet ter suited to, timber-growing than anything elce. I can hot escape the conviction that our industrial and agricultural stability will b e strengthened by bringing into full productive use. this great empire of land. ' Although much progress has been made in public forestry and hopeful beginnings, in private- for estry, we sua have a vast . aggro gate of idle or .' semi-Idle forest land, and , another' 'large, aggregate of poor farm land that might more profitably grow timber instead of adding' to the problem of agricul tural -overproduction."".;, : . .-.', - y a Agriculture would find In, tim ber growing, a strong- ally, . the president said, providing' mnrxetH for farm produce and for surplus labor. ' American Forest Week this year will assume an International scope through the fact that Canada will observe forest- -week , at' the same time. Through the Department of State, the Mexican Government al so has-been Invited, to" participate In this year's' campaign for. the pro tection perpetuation and right of use of the forests, v ' . : .-'. ; In making public the president's proclamation, Secretary of Agriculture- Jardlne polpted but that special significance is attached to the observance of the1 week in 1927 in view of the disastrous, fire sea son through which the country passed last .summer ' and of the need for bringing home to the peo ple ot the Nation the necessity for aduquate protection at the forests, .Cooperation hetweBn the - federal government and ..the fcthtes. under the Clarko-tycNary.; Act has just got Into lull swing as well, ho said, and 41 states and the territories of Hawaii and Porto Rico are now cooperating with the government in ihe foreBt -protection-and refor estation activities for which the law... provides. . Thirty , states, have appointed Extension Foresters anil are cooperating yvflth tho govern ment. In assisting farmers in the handling of their woodlands. ' . I he week will be dlrcctod by an Amorlcan Forest Week -Committee, which Frank O. Lowdon, of II- - llnols Is chairman. Nenrly 100 or- i i ' 4 ' t f , f '? , ' '' '" , ,"srl i A t i(' , . 1 " i , ' A lf ':;'" - - An Independent Nswspapar, Publlehed lor ' the But Inttresta el the People. p The Behnle Oolterbaan, the University ot Michigan football etar( at the v ' . Collegians are ordering the oar painted specially in- Something1 now In motor cars In announced by the Hudson Motor Car Co., In the Introduction of the Essex Super-Six .spoodabout, a two passenger car. of the roadster type which Hudson heralds as "tho (attest -six cylinder car . in tin) world per dollar of cost.". . To assist In high speed perform ance,, the car is built along sweep ing ' and;'' rakish. 'linos. The rear deck is streamlined line a speed boat, the HneB 'curving smartly to a point :ln tho rear. . The reguhy Hon colors of the oars first' man ufactured is a bright aiid attrac- tlve green. Special color comblna-) gantzatlone, representing a wide variety of interests , are ; cooperat lug,'; among 'theni a'ssdciationBV re presenting outdoor, wild life, aud recreational '.' interests, v foresters and forestry associations, the lum ber Industry,- consumers of. forest products, -i.iabor,- scientific, clylc, and Svomen's brgaulzatlons, aB well as the state and federal gov. emnients.''. The American Federa tion ef Labor;; the .Farm" Bureau: Federation, Ihe Natlondr Grange, the ..'American -Legion, .. the- Ameri can Newspaper Publishers' asso ciation, the Boy Scouts; : the Camp Fire Girls,, the . National ',; Lumber Manufacturers association, General Fedoraion - of Women's; - Clubs1, Young'. Women's ; Christian asso ciation, National Catholic Welfare Conference, the Daughters , of ..the American Revolution, aiid the . Mo tion Picture Theatre Owners of America are. Include! among' the cooperating ".organizations. ;, Local Forest Week Committees are being organized In every state. ,! ':' . c .. ' o :'-iy': .Insurahce' figures t shpw that of 20,000,000 motor vehicle owners 'in this country, 10,000,000 carry some form of Insurance but only '-4,000,-' 000 carry liability Insurance. BEYOND THE CITY "',"' .The automoloilc has converted the American people from thoughts of provincialism to those of nationalism.' , ' ;.V . ' ; i Speedy and' economic transportation good roads1 and especially the family .car have taken us out into the country, in to places which we pictured crudely in our unimaginative minds, arid have revealed to us a world in which our own locality is but a dot. '.';.;',.. :' . ',;.' : .'.,,, :',,. ..;" ., .. , , ,, '.. , ' We have extended our limits of . observation, of experi ence, by use of the automobile. We have enlarged our scope of knowledge and Oh this; we have, substituted n wider horizon as the foundation for our thoughts, . .;: ; : '. Touringi therefore, seeing America,- is the greatest edu cator, for it opens our minds to other ideas. It shows us other groups of people with other industries and other modes of life. It proves to us that our own urban limits nre the confines only of narrowness and inexperience . Beyond these borders lie and the revelations of an imposing nation. 1 At the left is part of a road through tempting stretch of smooth concrete VOL. XVIII Essex Sctp&&Sac Spbaculbout Hon are being asked for, howover, and' In a number of college cora munllles . students are ordering spoudabouts done, out in the var sity colors.? :.. , v . -.' One of the first mon Interested In the speedabout was Bennle Ooslerbann,' I h o , University of Michigan nll-Amerloan football star and 'captain. Ousterbaan -paused in his practice of passing footballs to .pass along to ihe Hud&on-EsHex. organltatlon the Idea that the cars be trimmed . In ,' college colors. Other ''.nationally. -'.known football stara have ordered cars especially trimmed. TUXES .'By NEA. Service -' '': -WASHINGTON, April Mi More than, $750,000,000 was, paid dut by Amurlbun motorists in the .form of federal, state anil, municipal taxes last year.:- ' .v -i; .,, '.V,'.;-.. ''- : ''This Is en Increase" - of ' ' ?S3,00fi-?i 000 over the total, of taxes paid in 1925.' .''':;',;:' '. f '" i -y-'i-:::r.-;; 1 Threats " of "; Increased gasoline taxes ahd'1pr6ml8e Of another; rec ord in automobile sales this year, point ,to approach .of the billion mark "la taxes by the end of 'this yeaK 'l-; ;' ;;:; : Flguros showing this great reve nue from motorists have been Is sued by the Department of' Agri culture and have ' been obtained' from other sources. '' .,' ; -v Ten Per Cent Gain ; The Department of Agriculture announces that" the total, motor, vehicle registration. In V1926 - was. 22,001,393 vehicles, which included the beauties of a great country iiiTn-nl rone lii minimis from tne passing strangers. Billion Is Spent ' How enormous this touring ac tivity la expected to become may he estimated from the expendi tures of tuorlsU last year In cer tain parts of tho country. Figures collected by Frank K. Hrlmmor for tho American Automobile As sociation show that motorists must have spent well over a billion dol lars last year over tho whole Unit ed States, In Michigan alone, automobile campers left more than $14,000, 000 during the touring season, and that doesn't include , Ihe sums Bpont by thoBO passing tnrnugh the Hale or taking short trips In to It. ' -.- ,- Tho number of motor . -tourists In thin slato's parks exceeded 3, 500,000, nearly three-fourths of Which stayed at holols, and spent an average of 18 days there. . 'Every mid western and .western state reported an Increase . of vis itors during last .. year's touring season, and expect even more this year. - The- American ! AutOmohiln Association alono routed more than 50,000 cars into New England. NO. 76 OF THE EVENING NEWS . wheel of a new Essex Speedabout., their oollege oolori. -. Tho speedabout Is a car design, ed especially for youth.- Built. fotf outstanding . performance, lt low: . center of gravity. and perfect bal. ance assure a high degree of road- , ability and . safety. Unlike some roadsters, It ; was ' bullf without ; rumble .septs, because' it was de sired to achieve streamlines, which would be Impossible if. the - rear . deck were , broadened jouk. ,'. Hud-Bon-EsBex states that this car has : W.-performtne ability not imatchod - by many cars costing five times sei much. ' The car Is nniao on1 tho American market.-' ' 'v. ' - - 19,237,171 paBsenger cars and1 2,- : JB4.222 trucks and tractors. This Is an increase ot ' more than I per cent over the 1925 registration.- : Receipts from ' registration fees, ' licenses and other , .state annual , taxes were $288,282,352, as compar ed with 260,619,621 in 1925. Re-, cnlpts from gasoline tuxes iu -1926 totaled $187,608,231. la 1925 they. ' were $146,01111,940. , " Proportionately, federal (-excise , (axes T oit . passenger cam and : tracks, vehicles for hire and - oa h parts,- tires anil accessoi les, it la estimated, have brought . In - 165,t 000,000, us compared nllh $145, 296,000 in -l 925, - Local Taxes Help 1 '.. Personal property taxes in 1925 .. wbre well over $100,000,000 on automobiles-alone, and municipal taxes itbe- same year have been estimated at a total of $15,000,0 1. ' ' Figuring only a slight- increase in these local taxes, puts the: mo tor tax bill for 1926 past the total ' o( $760,000,000... Most of the money derived from -this source Is put back Into public roads. Motorists therefore may ex pect a wide expansion of the road . building and improvement program henceforth. - ,l . .: ; ; . '....'. ; GREAT WINP L08S ; ; The average'-' car, traveling 15' nilles I 'an hour, uses 't one-half, horsepower to overcome wind fric tion. . When its; speed is doubled, however, tlio wind friction takes ' five horsepower, or 10 times as . much. .;' i-1 .'. - Two or mora species of cater pillars attack the pear fruit from 2 tlio time the fruit setB until It is the size of a walnut. Many, in jured fruits drop, but others ma ture as scarred and malformed pears, typical examplos of fruit-' worm Injury. Theso worms appear very early and fouil promiscuous ly over 'the tallage before the fruit sots,, J.ead arsenate. In the. plnlc spray affords' excellent control. The calyx application Is not 'equal ly successful as it Is too lute for" oost results In control. bringing about 150,000 visitors In to that territory. - -:"'' Motorists In Majority For the first time, says Ililm mer, motor tourists last year ex ceeded rail visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park. Yosemitn National. Park was visited by near- ; ly 275,1100 tourists, a largo Increase ; from their former numbers, largely due to motor traffic. ' Sequoia and General Grant na tional parka reported n 60 per cent , Increase In travel Ihere over .1S?5, and all tho other national park ft reported similar Increases, :' Only Florida shewed a decllno last year in the number ot motor visitors, but that 'is duo practically entirely to the drop In the Florida . boom. . Those that did come, and ' there wore many thousands, , wero considered of the more highly de sirable class of tourists which well overbalance.! Ihe decline In., num- bers. ,! .-' : ..',' - ' ' .-. ' , . Tho amount of money spent by the tourists rnnel from almost; . $2 to as high as (10 a day. In, ono case the value 61' each visiting au tomobile to the state was estimat ed at mom lluin $10 a day while there. ..... -.v, . ,,,..