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About Daily capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1903-1919 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1912)
.., i,. itt riP,Tif. mitptii hit.FW. OREBOFf. HEPXESPAT. DECEMBER 4, 1912. . j ; l j , . , , ,-, naa nff rnrnuen me Panama President's Messsage (Continued from Page 8.) movod. Tho Department of Stato lifts for the flrnt time In the history of this country obtained substantial most-favored-nut Ion treatment from all th countries of tlio world. There are, however, other Instances which, whllo apparently not constituting un due discrimination In tho sense of mllon !!, nro nevertheless exceptions In the complete equity of tariff tn-.it-merit fur American products Unit t ho Department of Suite consistently has nought to ohlaln for American com merce abroad. KcwhhIIt fur Supplementary J.ciflsla lien. Them developments cnnflnii till opinion conveyed to you In my annual lie-usage of that whllo thn tnnxl m 1 1 m ami minimum provision of tho tariff law of 1!H9 has been fully jus tified lv thn huccchs achieved In re moving previously existing nnduo dis criminations against American prod iicIm, yet experience haH shown that this feature of the law should he luiimdi-d In such way iih lo provide a fully effectlvo mentis of meeting (lie various decrees of discriminatory reiitment of American comineree In foreign countries still encountered, as well us to protect against Injurious treatment on thn pirt of foreign (lov- irnrnenls, through either Ii-kIhIhII vo i)r administrative meaHures, thn finan cial Intercuts abroad of American cltl xriiB whose enlerprlnes enlarge the market fur American cumniodltles. T tan nol too strongly n-eouiniend to Hie Congress th pnssngn of some Hueh enabling nii'iiKurn as the hill which was recommended by the Sec retary of State In IiIh Idler of lloceni lier l.'l, 1!lll. The object of the pro poned legislation I. In brief, to en able thi Kxecut ive to apply, as tin caw 11, ay require, In mi or all com IIIOilllieH, wln-llier or not 011 the free lint feiiu a country which dlscrlnilu ncn iii'aimd. tin- I nihil St 11 leu, a Ci'i' dual m1 scale of duties up lo the niaxlniiim of "." per cent ml valorem provided in the present law. flat tariffs are out of dale. Nations no longer accord eipnl liullf treatment to nil other nations Irrespective nf the Irealmeiit f i 1 1 them reci-lved, Much 11 flexible power at the com mand of the Incentive would nerve to modi-rule any unfavorable tenden cies 011 the part of those countries from which the Imperial Ions Into Un united Stilton are substantially con fined to articles on the free list an well 11s of Hie countries which find n lucrative, market. In the Culled tiliitcH fur their products under exist ing customs rules. It Is very noocH nary Hint thn American Government nliould bo equipped with weapons of nogot hit Ion adapted to modern eoo- iioinic ('omniums, 111 oriier tliat. we tuny at all times bn in a position to Enln not only technically Just but oqiiltuhln treiitment for our trade, and all) for American enlerprlsn and vented Interests abroad. IIiihIiichs Secured In Our Ciiiinlrj- hy Direct Official l flurl. As Illustrating the coiuuierclnl ben t'flts to the N11III011 derived from the Hew diplomacy nt'.d Its effectiveness upon the mnlcrliil 11s well as the more Idenl Hide. It may be remarked that through dli official rfi'orln alone there have been obtained In the course of this administration, coiitracts from foreign (loveinim i,ts Involving an ex pemllt lire of J.'oI.imhhmhi n far lories of the l'nlleil Slates. Consider ation nf this fact ami some reflect Inn upon the necessary effects of a scien tific tiirlir system ami a foreign ser vice nlert mid equipped lo co operate with the business men of America carry tb mvlctlon thai the gratify ing Increase In the export trade of this counlry Is, In suliHtiiutial ninoiinl, j due to our Impn.iveil governmental inethiids of protcetiUK ami si Imulal Inn j it. It Is i;ernuiii( to these nbsrv:i-1 tlons to remark ( 1 1 -1 1 In the Iwo earn thai have elapsed hlnee the success fill necolliiilou of our new treaty Willi Japan, which at the time seemed to 1 present ti.i many practical difficulties.: our export tiadc to that country lias j Increased at the rule of over $ 1 .ami nun 11 month. Our exports to Japan for thn vcur ended .lune "it, 110, were $:'l.!i.',!l,:!lo, uhlle for t. year ended .lune :P1, I'.ML'. tin- exports were $',;!, tY.VOIli, a net Increase In the sale of Am, 1 loan products of nearly I Mi per, ' Spci'lul Cliilnit irhilrnlliin With lircnl . 111 num. l mier mo s 1,11 agreement en- tercd Into between the United Stales unit Great Itrltaln on August IS, 1:11,1 lor 1 tie nri.it rai ion 01 oiitsi.iiiiiiiig p. miliary claims, a sehediil of claims uiul tlie terms of luil'ini'ooii have 1 been agreed upon by ihe two Gov- oniments, mid together with the spe cial agreement were approied by the Senate on July 1:1, l:HI. b it In 11c oordance with the terms of the agree- wont they did not go into effect until confirmed by the two Governments to 1111 early settlement tho long by an exchange of notes, which was standing Chainlzal dispute with Me ilone on April 2(5 last Negotiations 1 loo. Much has been accomplished, tnre still In progress for a suppple-1 and while the final solution of the mental schedule of cliiln s to be sub-: dispute Is not Immediate, the favor tnltted to arbitration under this agree-!.bb attitude lately assumed by the ment, and meanwhile tho necessary j Mexican Government encourage the rinnmratlons for the arbitration of the claims Included In the first sched ule have been undertaken and are tielnu carried) on under the authority of an appropriation made for that purpose at the last session of Con gress. It Is anticipated that the two Governments will be prepared to call upon tho arbitration tribunal, estab lished under this agreement, to meet In Washington early next year to pro ceed with this arbitration, r'ur Seal Treaty and ecd for Amend ment of Our Statute. Tho act adopted at the laBt session I of Congress to glvo effect to the fur- si al convention of July 7, 1911, be tween Oreiit lirltnln, Japan, Russia, find tho United States provided for the suspension of all land killing of seals on tho I'rlbllof Islands far a period of flva years, and an objection has now been presented to this provision by tho other parties In Interest, which raises the, Issue a to whether or not this prohibition of land killing Is In consistent with tho spirit, If not the letter, of the treaty stipulations. Tho justification for establishing this close season dcs'ii!s, under tho terms of tho convention, upon how far, If at all, It Is necessary far protecting and preserving the American fur-seal herd and for Increasing Its number. This Is a question requiring examination of tho present condition of tho herd and tho treatment which It needs In the light of net mil experience and scientific Investigation. A careful ex iimlnalion of tho subject Is now being made, and this flovnrnment will soon lin In possession of a considerable amount of new Informal Ion nbotit t he American seal herd, which has been secured during the past season nnd will tin of great value In determining this question; anil If It should appear that, there Is any uncertainty as to the real necessity for Imposing a close season at this time I shall take an early opportunity to uddress a spe cial message to Congress on this sub ject, In the belief that this Govern ment, should yield on this point rather than give the slightest ground for the eluirgi. that wo have been In any way remiss In observing our treaty nb- Hl'.at Inns. linn! Sclllcnicnl nf urlli Atlantic l'lslierics Dispute. On the 'Jllth of July last an agree ment was concluded between the l'nllii Stall's and (Ileal Itrltaln adopt ing, wllli certain moiliflcal Inns, Hie rules and method of procedure recom 1 1 m -1 1 1 1 I lii the award rendered by lb" North Allatillc Coast Fisheries Arbi tration Tribunal on Seplember 7, Win, for the Heltlenienl, hereafter, In ac cordance with the principles laid down in the award, of questions nrlHlng with reference to the exorcise of the American fishing liberties under Ar ticle I of thn treaty of October lift, ISIS, between the Culled Slntes and (ircnt llilliiln. This agreement re ceived Hie approval of tho Semite on AugiiHt 1 ami was formally rut If led by tho two Governments on Novem ber 15 last. Tho rules anil a method of procedure embodied In the award provided for determining by an Im partial tribunal thn reasonableness of any new fishery regulations on the treaty coasts of Newfoundland ami Canada Is'fore such regulations could be enforced against American fisher men exercising their treaty liberties .in those coasts, and also for determin ing Hie il -1 1 111 It :i 1 Inn of bays on such counts more I It it 1 1 10 miles wide, In aci'orilance with the definition adopt ed by the tribunal of the meaning of the word "bays" 11s used In the treaty. In Hie subsequent negotiations be tween the two (iovernnieiits, under taken for the purpose of giving prac tical effect lo these rules and methods of procedure, it was found that cor-1 tain modifications therein were de- slrable frnin the point of view of both 1 Governments, and these negotiations have finally resulted In the iiKieemelit ! iiImvo mentioned by which the 11 ward, recommendations as modified hy mu tual consent of Hie two (oiveniments lire finally adopted and made effec tive, Him, bringing this ccntiiry-obl controversy to a final conclusion, which Is equally beneficial and satis ' factory to b:ith (iovenuncnts. j Imperial Valley and )lcb'ii. j i In order to make possible (he more olfcctlvo performance of Hie work necessary for the confinement In their present channel of the waters of the lower Colorado liiver, uiul thus to prelect the people of Hut Imperial 1 Valley, 11s well as in on or to react! with Hie Government of Mexico nn Empire In the event that a dangerous understanding regarding the dlslrlbii-jsltuatiou should develop. In the Hon of Hie waters of the Colara.lo j meantime the several Interested Eu Ituer, In which both Governments are ronean nowers lniv, ni-omlp.i.i 1,. much Interested, negotiations are go-, '"K forward with u view to the es-jof tat.llsliineiit of a preliminary Colorado liiver coiiinilsslon, which shall have Hie powers necessary to enable It to do the needful work and with author- 1,. . . . .. . . . ity Pi study the question of the eqnlt- jable distribution of the waters, There 1 ' " Ms everv reason to believe that nil ! understanding upon this point w 111 1 be rc.i -tied and that an K iven.eut , igur,i In the near fuMre. t li'iiiiLnl tlUpule. 'n the ii teres! ot (he peop'o ami city of El t'aso (his Government has Moon assiduous in Its efforts to In in g bipe that this troublesome question will bo satisfactorily and definitely settled st an early day. International Commission of JnrlsK In pursuance of the convention of August 23, 1906, signed at the Third Pan American Conference, held at Itlo lo Janerlo, the International Commis sion of Jurists met at that capital during the month of last June, At this meeting 16 American Republics were represented Including the United States, and comprehensive plans for the future work of the commission were adopted. At the next meeting fixed for June, 19H, committees al ready appointed are instructed to re part regarding topics assigned to them. Opium Conference Unfortunate Full tire of Our (ioTprnment to Enact lleconiineniled Legislation. in my message oa foreign relations communicated to tho two Houses of Congress December 7, 1911, I called especial attention to the assembling of the Opium Conference at The Hague, to the fact that that confer ence was to review all pertinent mun icipal laws relating to the opium and allied evils, and to the fact that It seemed to me most essential that the Congress should take Immediate ac tion on tho antlnarcotlc legislation before tho Congress, to which I had previously called attention hy a spe cial message. Tho International convention adopt ed by thn conference conforms almost entirely to tho principles contained in the proposed antlnarcotlc legisla tion which has been before the last two Congresses. It wns most un fortunate that this Government, hav ing taken, tho Initiative In the Inter national action which eventuated In thn Important International opium convention, fulled to do Its share In the great work by neglecting to pass the necessary legislation to correct tho deplorable narcotic evil In tho United Stated nB well ns to redeem international pledges upon which It entered by vlrtun of the nhovo-ben- tloneil convention. The Congress nt Its present session should enact thoso bills now before It which have been so carefully drawn up In collabora tion between k Department of State and the other executive ileparlmenls, and which have behind them not only the moral sentiment of the country, but the practical support of all the legitimate trade liiteiJeslH likely to be affected. Since the International convent ion was signed, adherence to 11 bus been made by several Kuropean Slates not, represented at the confer ence nt Thn Hague nnd nlso by sev enteen I.atln-Amerlcnn Republics. Europe mid the cnr Knst. Tho war between Italy and Turkey came to a close October last by tho signature of a treaty of peaco, sub sequently to which the Ottoman Em pire renounced sovereignty over Cy roitnlcn and Trlpolltnnln In favor of Italy. During tho past year the Near Knst bus unfortunntely been the thea tre of constant hostilities. Almost simultaneously with the conclusion of peace between Italy and Turkey and their arrival at an adjustment of the complex questions at Issue between them, war broke out between, Turkey on the one band nnd Ilulgnrla, Greece, Montenegro, and Servla on tho other. The United Stntes hns happily been involved neither directly nor Indirect ly with the causes or questions In cident to any of these hostilities nnd has maintained In regard to them nn attitude of absolute neutrality and or complete political disinterestedness. In the second war In which the Otto man Umpire has been engaged the loss of life and the consequent dis tress on both sides have been appall ing, nnd the United States has found occasion in the Interest of huiwinlty, to carry out the charitable desires of the American people, to extend a measure of relief to the sufferers on eltlier.side through the Impartial me dium of the Red Cross. Heyond this the chief care of the Cover 111111 111 I . 11,.. I'., it.,. 1 LO ....... 1 1 . "" " ens iieeii in nuiKe due provision for the protection of Its national's resident In belligerent territory. In the exercise of my duty In this matter I have dispatched to Turkish waters n special-service squadron, consisting of two armored erulsets. in order that this Govern ment may if need be bear Its part In such measures as It may lie neces- sary for adopt for tbe Interested nations to the safeguarding of foreign lives and nmneru- In ih, int.,.,,,... tend to American citizens the benefit such prceautloiiarv or protective .measures as they might adopt. In the same mnnner In which It has been the practice of this Government to extend Its protection to all foreign ers resident in those countries of the " ; c.,oi.,,..i 1 1 ,n..i 1 , . ,. . ' -' 1 11 1 iciiosi'iien' in which 11 nas from time to time it, t.,i, the Unit . ... ........ p ,ii l n, lm, 10 ,r- est of peace nnd good order The1 good order. ,.,.,,, --jiM -" ' "n" " in u laie neei or European warships In the Rosphonis j apparently assured the protection of 'foreigners In that oinirter i,,,n n, presence of the American statlonnnlre the U. S. S. "Scorpion" sufficed, un dor the circumstance, to represent the United States. Our cruisers were thus left free to net If neM be along the Mediterranean coasts should any unexpected contingency arise affect ing the numerous American Interests In the neighborhood of Smyrna and Relrut. Spltihfrtrea. The great preponderance of Ameri can material Interests In the sub- artlc Island of Spitsbergen, which has always been regarded politically as "no man'i land," impels this Govern ment to a continued and lively Inter est In the international dispositions to be made for the political gov ernance and administration of that region, The conflict of certain claims of American citizens and others is In a fair way to adjustment, while the settlement of matters of admin istration, whether by International conference of the lut-rested powers or otherwise, continues to he tho sub ject of exchange of views between the Governments concerned. Liberia. As a result of the efforts of this gov ernment to place that of Liberia In position to pay I's outstanding In debtedness and to maintain a stable nnd efficient government, negotiations for a loan of 1.7"".""'i l ave been suc cessfully concluded, and It is antici pated that the paym-tit of the old loan and the Issuance ,.f the bonds of the 1912 loan for the .ehahllitatlon of the finances of Liberia will follow nt an early date, when the new receivership will go Into active operation. The new receivership will consist of a general receiver of customs desig nated by the Government of the United States and three receivers of customs designated by the Govern ments of Germany, France, nnd Great Britain, which countries have com mercial Interests In the Republic of Liberia. In carrying out the understanding between the Government of Liberia and that of the United States, nnd In fulfilling the terms of the agreement between the former Government and the American hauliers, three compet ent ex-army officers are now effec tively employed by the 1. Iberian Gov ernment In re-organizing thn police force of tho Republic not only to keep In order Hie native tribes in the hin terland, but to seno as a necessary police force along the frontier. It U hoped thnt these measures will as sure not only tb" coi.iinued existence but tho prosperity and welfare of the Republic of Liberia. Liberia pos sesses fertility of soil ami natural re sources, which should Insure to Its peoplo 0 reasonable prosperity, It wns the duty of the United States to assist the Republic of Liberia In ac cordance with our historical Interest and moral guni dianship of a onmmun Ity founded by American citizens, as It wns also the duly of the American Government to attempt to assure per manence of a country of much boii tltnentnl nnd perhaps future real In terest to a large body of our citizens. Morocco. The legation at Tangier Is now In charge of our consul general, who Is acting ns charge d'affaires, as well as caring for our ODiiimercial Inter ests in that, country. In view of the fact that many of tho foreign powers are now represented by charges d'affaires It has not been deemed nec essary to appoint at the present time a minister to fill a vacancy occurring at that post. Tho political disturbances In China In die autumn nnd winter of 1911-12 resulted in thn abdication of the Man chu rulers on February 12, followed by the foundation of a provisional re publican government empowered to conduct the affairs of the national un til 11 permanent government might be regularly established. Tho natural sympathy of the American people with the assumption of republican principles by the Chinese peoplo was appropriately expressed In a concur rent resolution of congress on April 17, 1912. A constituent assembly, composed of representatives duly chosen by tho people of China In the elections that are now being held has been called to meet In January next to adont a nermnnpii cnnstllnllnii nn.l ' ' M,.L,.in,. ,1,,. government of the nascent republic. During tho forma tive constitutional stage nnd ponding ..... . .. iieiiinif union ny me nssenitny, ns expressive of the popular will, and the hoped for establishment of a stable I'COllh Ic.'lli r,t,-,ti vMa.nm,.i .... ' ..'.111 u, p,v, . 1 111111-10. 1- Pableof fulfilling ,u interna,m ob-1 lll'llt nlia t ... 'n In. CI,AD 1.. 1 0 " lucoru-it oik 10 precedent, maintaining tun and j frit-mlK- it., f,tn .aI.iu.,. n-l.i. .i.: ' "' '""- irniLii.in, niui lllCo!tl(VS to iiio isiouai government. The new condition of affairs thus created has mantel mnnv .i.,J . ,, - "".01 me arrangement which was and complicated problems, both of in-: between the panic , , -t terual rehabilitation and of liii,.mi 1 , , ... " relations, whose solution it was 10- aim'ii would necessarily require much time and patience. From the begin- nlng of the upheaval last autumn it - was felt l,y ,),,, citod States. In com- mon with the other powers having large l,e,vs.s In China, that Inde. large interests In rii nn tW i,,.i ' pendent artt.m by the foreign govern j ments in their own Individual interests ; W'ollhl add flll'lhnr rnnfioaton t. n ..i. 1 1 .... ... . . , . . . """'l" lompiuaten. A policy unci national co-operation was ac- cordingly adopted In nn understanding reached early In the disturbances, to act together for the protection of tho lives and property of foreigners f menaced, to maintain an. attitude of strict Impartiality as between the con tending factions, and to abstain from any endeavor to Influence the Chinese In their organization of a new form of goverment. n ew 0f the serious ness of the disturbances and their gen. oral character, the American minister at Pekin was Instructed at his discre tion to advise our nationals In the af fected district to concentrate at sucli centers as were easily accessible to foreign troops or men of war. Nlne- tftBti of our naval vessels weie ma-1 ...... . tkmed at various Chinese ports, and other measures were promptly taken for thn adequate protection of Ameri can Interests, It was further mutually agreed, In the hope of hastening an end to hos tilities, that none of the interested powers would approve the making of loans by its nationals to either side. As soan, however, as the united provis ional government of China was as sured, the United States Joined In a favorable consideration of that gov ernment's request for advances need ed for Immediate administrative ne cessities and later for a loan to effect a permanent national reorganization, The Interested government had al ready, by common consent, adopted, In respect to the purposes, expenditure, and security of any loans to China made by their notlonnls, certain con ditions which were held to be essen tial, not only to secure reasonanie protection for the foreign investors, but also to safeguard and strengthen China's credit by dlsoaurnglng indis criminate borrowing and by Insuring the application of the funds toward the establishment of the stable and effective government necessary to China's welfare. In June last repre sentative banking groups of the Unit ed States, France, Germany, Great Rritnln, Japan and Russia formulated, with the general sanction of their re spective governments, the guaranties that would lie expected In relation to the expenditure and security of the large reorganization lonn desired by China, which, however, have thus far proved unacceptable to the provision al government. Special Mission of Condolence lo .T11 pan. In August last I accredited the sec rotary of state ns special ambassador to Japan, charged with the mission of bearing to tho Imperial family, the government and the people of the em pire the sympathetic message of the American commonwealth on tho sad occasion of the death of Ills Majesty tho Kmperor Miitsuhlto, whoso long nnd benevolent reign was the grea'er part of Japan's modern history. The klnillv reception everywhere accorded to Secretary Knox showed J hat his mission was deeply appreciated' by the Japaneso nation and emphasized strongly the friendly relations that have for so ninny years existed be tween the two peoples. Son I h America. Our relations with the Argentine Republic are most friendly and cor dial. So, also, are our relations with Brazil, whose government hns accept ed the Invitation of the United States to send two army officers to study at the Coast Artillery School at Port Monroo. The long-standing Alsop claim, which has beea the only hind rance to the healthy growth of the most friendly relations between the Unltedi States and Chile, having been eliminated through the submission of the question to His Rritannlc Majesty George V as "amiable compositeur," It is a cause of much gratification to me that our relations with Chile are now established upon a firm basis of growing friendship. The Chilean gov ernment has placed an officer of the United States coast artillery In charge of the Chilean const artillery school, and hns shown appreciation of Ameri can methods by confiding to nn Ameri can firm Important work for the Chil ennt coast defenses. Ust year a revolution against the established government of Ecuador broke out at the principal port of that republic. Previous to this occurrence tho chief American Interest In Ecua dor, represented by the Guayaquil & Quito Railway Co.. incorporated in the United States, had rendered extensive transportation and other services on account to the Ecuadorian govern ment, the amount of which was stead ily inei'-asing. and which tho i.Vio,,t,. I inn government had made no uro- I vision to pay. thereby threatening to I crush out the very existence of this I American enterprise. When trnnquill- v .... I,.,.,,, ... 1 l,:nl In t of ,h h , s .. Iiw-i'sa ill p., irovernnu.,,1 f, from Quito. this goverunu ... nt ir.'erposed Its i.-.n,i ee end that the American l'i-i'iest in hcuador nik-hi 1,0 c..i , Inter, ! from romni.... ..v.i...i ,., '""""""' as a part reached the re- (.'! nun-Hi nt i-.cuailor, I 01 sen e , nmnp ,m arhtrntn Mv) acting under the terms of the ":bl contact, with nn arbitrator r:.;i ice .., ' M ' . . K',v,'"t. I "? oliu,n8 "ve i'.'. ',, t-.' arrangement reached arisen since ttlloiiuh the "'linn of a similar arid. trat t In bune n KulS "irsuance f a ,.,.,,,. . seine t: "'" I'.v the Ecuadorian cov. '"'U""'m' "" 'lament of state has ' given much attention t n,., ..., ,... ! of th. l"'oper sanitation of ,; , - ...v 1'iuiiiem As a re ah a detail of officers of the1. canal one will i ... null to r,M..i . J" , ,., , . . "" "'"'-'"res that will ' to the complex ,,., .,.., a'ionof.hl, Plaeu,..,,,,,,.,,,,, - sun, of that tepubUc. which has f0 ,MofrStiUrU---ohea 11 me canal one. it to noped that the report which in. 'onw.ll furnish win point out a wav w-M-Th ? moa' l.a lenl t Vnl,W,SU"M Pnnr v d the Ecuadorian government nmt oeniade effective ,a rldJi nt of South America of ti oontagioa to the ,?. '' 8 f iuture commercial canal. In, the matter of tha claim of John Colectlne Landreau against the gov ernment of Peru, which claim arises out of certain contracts and transac tions In connection with the discovery and exploitation of guano, and which has been under discussion between tho two governments since 1874, I am glad to report that as the result of prolonged negotiations, which have been characterized by the utmost friendliness and good will on both sides, tho department of Btate has suc ceeded In securing tho consent of Pe ru to tho arbitration of the claim, and that the negotiations attending the drafting and signature of a protocol submitting the claim to an arbitral tribunal are proceeding with due ce lerity. An officer of the American public fnealth service and an American sani tary engineer are now on the way to Iqultos, In the employ of the Peru vian government, to take charge of the sanitation of that river port. Peru is building a number of submarines In this country, and continues to show every desire to have American capital Invested In tho republic. In July the United States sent un dergraduate dolegates to the Third In ternal JJmal Students' congress hold at Lima, American Btudonts having been for the first time Invited to one of these meetings, The republic of Urugay has shown Its appreciation of American agricul tural and other methods by sending a lare commission to this country and by employing many American experts to assist In building up agricultural and allied Industries In Urugay, Venezuela Is paying off the last of tho claims tho settlement of which wns provided for hy the Washington protocols, Including thoso of American citizens. Our relations with Vene zuela are most cordial, and tho trade of thnt republic with the United States Is now greater than with any other country. Central America and Caribbean. During the past summer tho revolu tion against the administration which followed the iissnsslnatlon of Presi dent Caceres a year ago last. November brought the Diinilnlcnn republic to the verge of administrative chaos, with out offering nnd guaranties of eventu al stability In tho ultimate success of either party, in pursuance of the treaty relations of the United Stntes with the Dominican republic, which were threatened hy the necessity of suspending the operation under Amer ican administration of the custom houses on the Hatian frontier, was found necessary to dispatch special commissioners to tho Islands to re establish the custom houses, and with a guard sufficient to Insure needed protection to the customs administra tion. The efforts which have been made appear to have resulted In the restoration of normal conditions throughout the republic. The good of fices which the commissioners were able to exercise were Instrumental In bringing the contending parties to gether and In furnishing a basis of adjustment, which, It Is hoped, will re sult in permanent benefit to the Do minican people. Mindful of Its treaty relntlona, and owing to tho position of the govern ment of the United States as media tor between the Dominican republic nnd Haiti In their boundary dispute, and because of the further fact that the revolutionary activities on the Haitian-Dominican frontier had be come so active as practically to ob literate the lino of demarcation that had been heretofore recognized pond nig me ciennite settlement of the boundary in controversy, It was found nri-essiir.v 10 indicate to the two isinna governments a provisional de facto boundary line. This was done without prejudice to the rights or obli gations of either country In a final settlement to he reached by arbitra tion. The tentative line chosen was 0110 which, under the circumstances. Drought to the knowledge of this gov ernment, seemed to conform to the best Interest of the disputants. The oorder patrol, which It had been found necessary to re-establish for customs purposes between the two countries, was Instructed provisionally to ob serve the line. The republic of Cuba lost May was In the throes of a lawless uprising that for a time threatened the destruc tion of a great deal of valuable prop-erty-much of It owned by Ameri cans and other forelgners-as well as the existence of the government Itself The armed forces of Cuba being lnad- PHttato to guard property from attack and at tho same time properly oper ate against the rebels, a force of Amer lean marines ,u...i. j . - "si'.m.-iiea irom our "aval station at Guantanamo Into the I. Ke 01 Un,n, for the protection . , " an1 other for life ,''" property. The Cuban mvm . a 1 n 1 .. t 1 - "ins ante to use all Itn tnrnna In nutttmr .1 . ... " """" U1 outbreak which It needed l doing In a period of six Tho presence of two Ameri can warships in the harbor of Ha- o?n;Ml "f mSt CH,,cal Period I re m baDCe Cntrlbuted ln Kreat measure to sltn ., th i.,i,..,.... . ' r 01 v '""""iianis, including a large for- '6u coiony. the Und6r dl8CU8B"n ine the question of the release by gh,s at Bab-' Honda, on the northern ooast of Cuba, and the enlargement , exchange therefor, 0f ths naval ... lion ,whlch ta Mtablhhed me south the result of the negotiations thug , A car. neu on an agreement has ),, reached between the two envo- ments providing for the suitable en" largement of the Ouantanamo bay,u tlon, upon terms which are eiitlrew fair and equitable to all parties con cerned. At the request alike of the govern, ment and both political parties In pan ama, an American commission under" took supervision of the recent presl dentlal election In that republic, where our treaty relations, and, indeed, ev. ery geographical consideration, make the maintenance of order and satlsfac tory conditions of peculiar interest to the government of the United States The elections passed without disorder and the new administration has en! tercd upon Its functions. The government of Great lltltan has asked the support of the United states ror tne. protection of the Inter. e"t of British holders of the foreign bonded debt of Guatemala. Wlido thi. government Is hopeful of an arrange ment equitable to the British bond, holders, It Is naturally unable to view the question apart from its relation to the broad subject of financial stabili ty in Central America, In which the policy of the United States doeg not permit it to escape a vital Interest, Through a renewal of negotiations be tween the government of Guatemala and American bankers, the aim of which is a loan for the rebabillatlon of Guatemalan finances, a way appears to be open by which the government of Guatemala could promtly satisfy any equitable and Just British claims, and at the same time bo Improve its whole financial position as to contribute greatly to the Increased prosperity of the republic and to redound to the benefit of foreign Investments and for eign trade with that country. Fulling such nn arrangement, It may become Impossible for the government of the United States to escape Its obligations In connection with such measures as may become necessary to exact justice to legitimate foreign claims, In tho recent revolution In Nicara gua, which, It wns generally admitted, might well have resulted In a general Central American conflict but for the intervention of the United Stntes, the government of Honduras was especial ly menaced; but fortunately peaceful conditions were maintained within the borders of that republic. The finan cial condition of that country remains unchanged, no means having been found for the final adjustment of pressing outstanding foreign claims, This makes it the more regrettable thut the financial convention between the United States and Honduras has thus far failed of ratification. The government of the United States con tinues to hold lself ready to cb-oper-ate with the government of Honduras, which, it is believed, cannot much longer delay the meeting of its for eign obligations, and It Is hoped at the proper time American bankers will be willing to co-operate for this purpose. Necessity for Greater Governmental Effort In Retention and Expansion of Onr Foreign Commerce. It is not possible to make to the congress a communication upon the present foreign relations of the United States so detailed as to convey an ad equate impression of the enormous increase In the Importance and activ ities of those relations. If Chls gov ernment is really to preserve to the American people that free opportuni ty In foreign markets which will soon be Indlspensible to our pnosperty, even greater efforts must be made. Otherwise the American merchant, manufacturer and exporter will find many a field in which American trade should logically predominate pre empted through the more energetic efforts of other governments and oth er commercial nations. There are many ways In which through hearty co-operation the legis lative and executive branches of this government can do much. The abso lute essential is the spirit of united ef fort and singleness of purpose. I will allude only to a very few specific ex amples of action which ought then to result. America can not take its prop er place In the moel Important fields for Its commercial activity unless we have a merchant marine. American commerce and enterprise cannot ho ef fectively fostered in those fields un less we have good American banks In those countries referred to. We need American newspapers in those coun tries and proper means for public In formation about them. We need to as sure the permanency of a trained for eign service. We need legislation en abling members of the foreign ser vice to be systematically brought la direct contact with the Industrial, manufacturing and exporting iter ests of this country in order that American business men may enter the foreign field with a clear perception of the exact conditions to be dealt with and the officers themselves may prosecute their work with a clear idea of what American Industrial and manufacturing interests require. Conclusion. Congress hould fully realize the conditions which obtain in the worm as we find ourselves at the threshold of our middle age as a nation. have emerged full grown as a pefif 10 the great concourse of nations. We (Continued on page 8.)