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About Klamath republican. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1896-1914 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 15, 1904)
K I, AM.-VI II RI ITIILK AN. PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE As Delivered to the 58th Ses sion of Congress. CAUTIONS AGAINST EXTRAVAGANCE lrrl(*Ation, Forests, Public Lands, Alaska and Our Island Possessions Re- ccive Due Consideration . right directing, all the lima making progress 1» Ihs disposition With Which I ha*» »</«• am ng you. easing yVUr gu«Ml will and ««• < out sg»m»nt Ths day has gon« by whan a corporation » an l»s handled ay< > * »«fu'ly In daflan'• nf the public whl, even though that will be uarea- •onabla and wrong a public may b» led. but not driven, and I prefer to go with It • nd shape or modify In a measure Ita opin ion, rather than be swept from my bearings, with loas to myself am! the Interests In my • barge. Violent prejudice »slats toward corporate activity and capital today, much of It found ed In reason, rr<ors in apprehension and a large measure Is due to th* personal trails of arbitrary, unreasonable. In* omp*<*nt and offrtislvs men In positions of authority. The a« c'.mpllshrrierit of results by Indirection ths endeavor to thwart tha Intention, If not the expressed lettsr of th* law (the will of the people), a disregard of the rights of others, a disposition to withhold what Is due. to force by main strength or Inactivity a result hot justified, depending upon tha weaknvss of th» claimant «nd his Indisposition to b* coma Involved In litigation, has cr*at*<l a sentiment harmful In th*- sxtrerne and a dis position to "insider anything fair that gives gain to tha Individual at the expense of ths company. "If oorporatlons ars to continue to do ths worlds work, as they are best titled to. the»» qualities in their representatives that have result"! In the present prejudl* * against thsm must be relegated to tha back ground The corporations must come out Into th* open and •*» and be seen They must take th* public into their • onfidenre and ask for wiust (hey want, and no more, and be prepared to explain satisfactorily what advantage will a< crue to th* public if they are given their desires, for they ar* permitted to exist n«t that they may make money aoi»ly, but that they may ef fectively serve those (UtlD whom they da- rlve <h»lr power "Publicity, arid not secrecy, will win here after, ami 1« ra be construed by their Intent an<1 nut by their latter, lettsr, otherwise public utilities will be owns«! and operated by the public whl'h create«! tli»m, even though the serviefa b» less efficient and the result less satisfactory from a flnan< ial stand - point.” The Bureau of Corporations has careful preliminary Investigation of Important corporations it will make clal report on ths beef Industry. Th» policy of the bureau Is to acco the not fnrreas« nf mortality, and eep»« lally nt In plants and their products every year Stren I I have repeatedly called at taut low to th« fant mortality, with the darrease in tha num uous efforts are being made to Import from confusion which exists in Government forwt ber of rooms used by tha family, an«l with foreign countries such gains as are suitable matters because the work la scattared among th* «onaaquent ovarer«/Wdlng Is startling Tha to our varying localities. Haven years ago three ln«lep*ndent organisations. The Unltad slum exacts a heavy total of death from ws bought three-fourths of our rice, by help TU Mtates |S the only one of the great nations thoM who dwell therein, and this Is the ing the rlregrowers on the Gulf mast to se In which the forest work of th« Government <••• nor merely In the great f-row<|er| slums cure seeds from ths Orient suited to their Is not concentrated under on« department. of high buildings In N*w Y««rk and t'hbag'o conditions, and by giving them adequate In consonance with the plainest db'tataa of but in th* allay slums of Wa«htngt«>n In protection, they now supply b«m» demand good administration and <umm«>n sene« The 1 III ICM|»A Î, DF C|- Mill- Il I A, |U(>4 Washington people • annot afford to Ignore «nd export to ths Islands of th* «'arlhbean present arrang*m»at 1« bad from every point tha harm that thia causes No <'hr 1st lari and Hea and to other rir«-growing countries of view Merely to mention It la to prove civilized <-'«rnrnunity «an effort! to show a Wheat and other grains have been import that it should ba terminated at ones. Aa I happy gn lucky lack of eoarern for the youth ed from light-rainfall «-ountrias to our lands have r peatedly recommended, ail th« forest ••t today, for. If ao, tha community will have in th« West and M«uthw««t that have not work of the Government should be concen to pay a terrible penalty of finan«lal burden grown crops because of light precipitation, trated in the Department of Agrbulture. • nd social degradation In the tomorrow resulting In an extensive addition to our where the larger part of that work Is already There should be severe child labor and fac cropping area and our home-making terri n n*. where pra< tlcaliy ail of th» trained tory -ln»pe« tion laws It is very desirable tory that can not be Irlgated Ten million foresters of the Government ar» employed. that marri*«| women «huuld m»t work In fac bush»ls of first-class macaroni wheat were wh*re chiefly jn Washington ther« Is com tories Th» prim* duty of the man la to grown from these experimental importations prehensive first hand knowledge of the prob work, to be the bread winner; the prime duty last year Fruits suitable •«» MW solio and lems of the reserves acquired on the ground, of the woman Is to b* the mother, the house < limares ar» being Imported from all the where all problems relating to growth from wifa All questions of tariff and finance sink countries of the Gid World the fig from the coll arg already gathered, and where all I Into utter inslgnlfi« an« e when compared with Turkey, the almond from Hpain. the data lb* scf«news auxiliary to forestry are al hand the tremendous, the vital Importan«* of try- from Algeria, the mango from India We ror prompt and effective co-operation. These Ing lu shape conditions so that the»« two are helping our fruitgrowers to get their i -r* *1*''*•**• in themaelvee, but it dull»« of tha man and of the woman <an crops into Europe«n markets by studying should be added that the great organisationa ba fulfilled under reasonably favorable cir- methods of preservation through refrigera Of clfisena Whoa« Interest« ar» affected by tha <urnstan«es. ¡f « race does not have plenty tion. packing «nd handling, which have been ,r*2r «urn as the National Mv«- of children, or If the children 4«/ not grow quite sur* »««ful We ar* helping our hop stock Association, the National Woolgrowerr up. or If wh*n they grow up they «re un growers by Important varieties that ripen the American Mining Congreas. healthy In i/*>dy and stunted or vicious In earlier and later thun the kinds they have the National Irrigation (‘ongreea. and tha mind, then that rare Is d»< ad»nt, and no been raising, thereby lengthening the har- National B«»ard of Trade, have uniformly, heaping up of wealth, n«» splendor nt mo- vewtfng seaann The cotton crop of the emphatically, sad moot of them repeatedly, m»ntary material prosperity. < «n avail In country is threatened with root rot. the bnll- themselves in favor of placing any rlegr«« «« offsets worrn, and the F h ,|| weevil (tur pathologist a ail Government for—t work in th« Depart Tha Congress has tha sama power of l*gls will find immune varieties that will resist ment of Agriculture because of the peculiar latlon for the District of Columbia which the root disease, and th» bollworm can be adaptation of that Department for It It th« Mtat* legislatures have for th» various dealt with, but the boll weevil is a serious Is true, also, that the forest services of ■tates The problems Incident tn our highly menace to the cotton crop ft is a <*»ntral nearly art the great nations of the world aru complex modern Industrial civilization, with Amerhan Insect that has become acclimated un«l«r the respective departments nf agricul Its manifold and p«-rpleaing tenden« |*« i«r/th in Tesa» and has done great damag* A ture. While In but two of the smaller na for good and for evil, are far less sharply wl»niist of the Department of Agriculture tion« an«1 In one colony ar« they under tha arerntuated In lhe city of Washington thin has found th» weevil at home In Guatemala <!• partment of the interior This is tha In most other cltia« For this very r«a»>n being kept in < her k by an ant, which has r*ruit of long and varied experience end It It Is easier to deal with tha various phase« been brought to our cotton field» for ob agv*es fully with tha requirements of good of the«» problems In Washington, and th« servation It is hoped that It may serve a a«!m!nlstration m our own case District of Columbia government should ba good purpos«- The «reatlon of a forest service in th« De a model for the other muni' Ipal g > .ernmants The soils of the country are getting atten partment of Agriculture will have for Ita of th* Nation, In ail such matters as su tion fr«>m the farmer's standpoint, and In important results pervision of the housing of th» poor, tha teresting results are following We have First--A better handling of all forest work. < reatlon of small parka In the dlatricts In <lupii< ates of the soil» that grow the wrap b*<au«e It Will be under a single head, and habited by the poor. In laws affecting la per tobaeeo In Huma’ra an-l the filler to because the vast and indispensable experi bor, In laws pr«>vidlng for the taking rare la« ro In Cuba It will be only a question of ence of the Department in ail matters per of the children, in truant laws, and In pro time wh»n the larg* amounts paid to these taining to the forest reserves, to forestry In viding schools. countries will be paid to our own people. The general, and to other forms of production In the vital matter of taking care of chil reclamation of alkali lands Is progressing, from the soli, will be easily and rapidly ac dren. mu< h advantage could b* gained by a to give object-lessons to our people in meth cessible. careful study of what has been ac« ompliahed odi by which worthless lands may be made Second—The reserves themselves, being in such states as Illinois and Colorado by productive handle«! from the point of view of the man the Juvenile courts The work of th* Juven The insect friends and enmiec of the farm- In the field, instead nt the man irt the office. ile court Is really a work of character build er are getting attention The enemy of the Will b* more easily and mor* widely useful ing It is now generally recognized that Man Jose scale was found near the Great to the people of the West than has been tha young boys and young girls who go wrong Wall of ('hlna. and Is noi leaning up all case hitherto. should not be treat»'! as criminals, not even our orchards. Burrai of . _ _______ _____ Third—Within a comparatively short time The fly-fertilizing Insect Im- Hut must be obtained by as n»»ding refot mation. tut ne< »««arlly ported from Turkey has helped to establish the reserves will become self-supporting This Corporations. «’•If.g their rather as needing to have their characters an Industry in California that amounts ts is important, because continually and rapid fairly and h formed, and for this end to have them from 50 to 100 tons of dried figs annually, ly Increasing appropriations will be neces tlon before the < tested and developed by a system of proba ant i* extending over the Pacific Coast A sary for the proper «are of this exc««din<|r and not by tion Mui h admirable work has been doh* in parasitic fly from Houth Africa Is keeping important interest nt the Nation, and they many nt our commonwealths by earnest men in subjection the black scale, the worst can and should be offset by returns from tha feat of those Can- and wum»n who have made a ap»' Ial study of the orange and lemon industry in National forests Under similar Hrrum- r»i*n wh«t refuse to give promises which rd of th« n»c<ls of those class»» of children fornla. stan«es the forest poswes.dons of other great l»r I annul in r«»n«cienra give Th* Admin- Ftter «till, the which fut nlsh th* greatest number of Juven • a i ful preliminary . . ___ work is being done nati ons f«»rm an Important source of revenue Ion lias already taken step« to prevent engaged in legitimate ile <<ff*nd»rs. and therefore the greatest towards produ* ing our ow n____ to their sovernments. _ •ilk. ______ The ____ mul- >unlsh abua»« of this nature, but it will number of adult offenders; and by their aid, berry Is bring distributed in large numbers. Every administrative officer concerned 1« Th* bureau offers to the Congress the and by profiting by the experiences of the •* for th* t'oitgr««» to supplement this ‘ ggs ar* being imported and distributed, im ccnvlncad of the necessity for the proposed means uf getting at the cost of production different states and cities In th»»» matters. proved reels were Imported from Europe ronsoltdati« n i/f forest work in the Depart unn»«- « by legislation i it can b* done l»y the Government In of our various great staples of commerce It w«iu)d I»» easy to provide a good code for last y»ar. and two expert reelera were ment of Agriculture, and I myself have urged Of necessity the careful In v eatlgat|..n of mallets merely by giving publicity to th* District of Columbia brought to Washington to reel the crop of It m«-«re than once in former rn««»ages. Again Th» Bureau of l«al*or has •P». Ial curporatione will afford th* r’ommla Keveral considerations suggest the need 1 cr». oon» and teach lhe art to our own peo I « rr.m»nd It to the early* and favorable con- of this kind In many al«>n*r kn«>w iedg« of «»rtain business farts, for a systematic investigation Into and Im ple. slderati-.il of the Congress. Th* interests of the ;»ubll> atl'«n of which might be an im provement of housing conditions In Washlng- I shall shortly lay « he rro-reportlng system of the Depart the Nation at large and of lhe W’est in par The t«.n before you in a spe proper Infringement of private rights Tha hidden residential alley» are breed ment of Agriculture 1« being brought closer ticular have suffered greatly because of tha Bureau ut I-ah *r. cial message the full method .,f making public the result« of th*»* ing ground» of vice and disease, and should to accuracy every year I: has S5O.000 re delay. th» law, a be opened Into minor streets. report of th» Investi- Investigations affords, under For a num porter« selected from people In eight voca I «all the attention of th* Congr«aa again < aphal ami I «Nor. gallon of the Bureau of l«abor Into th» Colo means f«»r th» protection of private rights ber of yaars influential citizens have joln«*d tions In Ilf* ft has arrangements with to the report and recommendation of the Com radn mining strike, ns this I» a strlks In Th* Congress will have all farts except su« h with th« District Commissioners tn the vain most mie-Ion on the Public) European countries for interchange gsnttrd |«i>*>r i * i •«. » other end t< (!•<* iubi which certain very »*11 forces, which are a* would give to another corporation In endeavor to secure laws permitting th» con- Public I ms nd«. Lands, forwarded by of estimates, so that ftur people may know at larse odd m importance ml) to m«>r» or Issa at work t everywhere under th» formation whl«h would injure tie- legltlmats demnaten of insanitary dwellings me to the «econd ses The local as nearly as possible with what they must ihr Intimai» questi ns of rnndit Ions >1»rn Industrialism, became buslnes« of a competitor and destroy th» death rates, especially from preventable dls- compete sion of the present congress The Commission |w< ull«r form f government. with its «harp startlingly superiority and ••«ses. are so unduly high as to suggest that Beat II I» S r eat i ) Io I - in'«ntlve fur Individual During the 2S years that have »lapsed ha» prosecuted its Investigations actively dur diviMiim <>f euth-*rti) l«itwn th» Nation »nd wished th Department of (‘«»mmerc* thrift the exceptional whoie»omenesa of Washing- since the passage of the reclamation act ing the past season, and a second report la th» «v«rf«| stair» has be»n im th» Wt)ni» and Ixalnrr. Th* bureau has also mad» exhaustive ex- ton s better sections Is offset by bad con rapid progress has been made In the sur now in an ad van« *d stage of prepara lion. far rn : sdvantagr ■■•« t<> tur •!*'* compile and arrange for the i'ongr»«« ■ list • minath r>« into th* legal condition under ditions In her poorer neighborhoods In connection with the work of the forest A ape veys and examinations of the opportunities than « more strongly centralized govern whl« h corporate business is carried on In the rial "Commission on Housing and Health for reclamation In the 13 states and three r- - ■ r . • a I deni re ag-sin to urge ««f th* labor laws of the various states, an«! -a tt » •nmt Hut it I« undoubtedly r»»|M»neibi» for shoubl be given the means to Investigate cn<l various states, into all Judicial de<i.t«>ns on Conditions In the National Capital" would territories of the arid West Construction Congress tba importance of authorizing ths •»»»»« h of th» difficulty uf meeting with ad* report to the t’ohgress upon th«» labor condi the subject. and • Into the various systems not only bring about reformation of existing Fret idrnt tu set asrtdo has already been be •lue'.r legislan n th» new pf>l-lm>» present"! tions in th» manufacturing and mining re of corporate taxation In use Preaervea. certain portion- •<{ tne^« I call sp*< Ial evils, but would also formulate an appropri Irrigation. gun on the largest and by tii» total «hange tn Industrial CMhdlilon» gions throughout th» country, both aa t<* attention to the report of th« chief of ths reserves or other pub- ate building «ode to protect the city from mod Important of the nti thi« « ontlnmi «luting th* last half «en- game refuges for the _ pre^erva- wages, aa to hours of labor, as t«» the labor bureau, and I earnestly ask that the Con- mammoth brick tenements and other evils irrigation works, and plans are being com lie lands as — w ____ ____ _ _ tury In actual praetlre It has proved ex- of women and rhlldren and as !<» th* effect are«« carefully consider the report and which threaten to develop here as they have pleted for works which will utilize the funds tion of the biaun. the wapiti and other larga CSr-i dingly difficult. and In many cas*» Im- In th» various labor centers of Immigration r»r • mmmdatlons of th« Commissioner on blasts once so abundant in our woods and The operations are being In other cities That the Nations capital now available p«>ealble. to get slbl». g»t unanimity of wiæ action fr««m abroad In Ihla In * aatlgallon especial thli ■ subject. should be mad* a model for other munici carried on by the Rec la mat ion Service, a muntilM and on our great plains, and now am<>ng th» *arl«i OUS stales «m th»»» subjects Every support atientt' H should be p«id to the conditions of Th» business of Insurance vitally affecta palities 1« sn Ideal which appeals tn all corps of engineers sel*« !*d through competi tending toward extinction. Ft«*tu th» very nature of th» 'ana. this la child labol • nd child-labor legislation in the th» great mass of the people of th» United This corps en »uld be given to the authorides of the Tel- patriotic «It lx» ns everywhere, and such a tive cl vil-s*-r* 1« • examinations •specially tru» of lhe laws affecting the •»'«■ral t’ate« towstone Pa ’ k in their successful efforts at Much an Investigation Mtatrs and Is National and not local In Its sp*« Ial commission might map out and or Includes experienced consulting and con Smpiny in»nl of capital < In hug» mas«»« n»< »«aarlly take into account many of the application It Involves ganise the city’s future development In lines structing engineers as well as various ex preserving the large creatures therein, and labor, th» problem Is no problem» with at very little expense portions of the pubdo With r»g«/4 to I Insurance. hlrh this question of child • multitude <.f trans of civic social service, just as Major L En perts in mechanical and legal matters, and 1»«« lm|M>rtant. but II Is simpler As long labor is connected domain In other regions which are wholly These problems can bs actions among ths fant and the recent Park Commission planned Is composed largely of m*n who have spent a« the sixes r»<aln the piimary control of actually met. in moat rases, only by the people of the different states and between the arrangement of her streets and pa. ks. most of their Ilves tn practical affair» con urM>l’.»d to agricultural settlement could bw lhe police pow»f tn« > Ir« um«tan> •• must be stale» (hrrn»»lvew. but ths lack of proper We owe It to future gen American companies and foreign govern The larger problems Mrr.llarly utilized. At Is m«»rtif>lng to remember that Wash ic« t*d with irriga-ton altogr'hrr extreme w hl< h re-qult» ln<»if*r legislation In on» stat* In such a matter as ments I urge that the ATongr»«« carefully ington hag ao coraputoory ««hool attendance have been solved, and it now remains to erations to keep a live the noble and beautiful en. • 1») fh» F*e-1«ral «uthp'IUes. whether in child labor often renders M exreaslvety diffi ron»l4er wtmthsr the power of the Bureau law and that careful inquiries Indicate the execute with car*, economy, and thorough creatures which by their presence add su h •»>" was .f aa|«g«4a «line cult tn Mtabllsh protective restriction upon of Corporal lun« cannot constitutionally be habitual absence from school of some 20 ness the work which has beea laid out. All distinctive character to the American wilder The limits of the Y»llow«tone Paris •r tn «!»• ssr of Welng Is rm th» work in another stat* having ths »am» extended to cover interstate transactions In per cent of all children between the ages of Important details are being carefully con ness should be extended southward The Canyon d«>n* by unruly persona ih*m- Industries, •»» that th» worst tends to drag Insurance N and 14 It must be evident to all who sidered by boards of consulting engineers, of the C-.-I'/rad-v should be made a National s«lv»s t»*hlnd th» name of lato>r If lh»r« down th» belter For this reason. It would Above all sis* we must strive to keep ths consider the problems of neglect'd child selected for their thorough knowledge and Park and the National park system should 1» realstah«» 1» th* Federal courts. Inlsrfer- tor well for th» Nati-n at least tn endeavor highways <»f commerce ox>*n to all on equal life or the benefits of compulsory education practical experience Ea< h project Is taken include the Yosemite and as many as ;-oMib « • nr* with the rnalia. «r interstate rommsfi» to seiur» mmpr»h»nsiva Information as to terms, and to du this It Is necessary to put In other cities that one of the most urgent up on the ground by competent men and of the groves of giant trees in Calif > nie. nr molestation of Fwteral pHiparty. or if th* • ii.lllh n« ..f l«b r ..f rhlldirri In th« a complete atop to «II need» of the National capital is a law re ViMrgff from th* standpoint of the cr»»" ■ The veterans of thw (he Mats authorities in som» crisis which different states Much Investigation and pul Rebate. rebatea Whether the quiring th» school attendance of all chil of prosperous homes, and of promptly refund Frnsloas. Civil War have a claim (hey are unapt* tn face rail fur help, then llratlon b> th» National Government would shipper or th* railroad dren. this law to be enforced by attendance ing to the Treasury the cost of construction. upca t e Nation such th* Federal G<>v-ammsat may interfere, but tend toward th» »»curing of approximately I» tn blame makes no difference; ths rebate agents directed by the Board of Education. The reclamation art has been found tn ba as no other body of our citizens possesses, i such Int *r f*r»n«-a may h» caused uniform l*-gi»iatl<>n of th» proper character Public playgrounds are necessary means for remarkably complete and effective, and so The Pension Bureau has never In its his- must be Slopped, the abus»« of the private ondltiun rf things arising out of tr«>u among th« eevsrai »tat*» • ac and privais terminal-track and aide- th* dev«h>pm»nt of wholesome citizenship In broad in its provisions that a wide range of lory been managed in a more satisfactory nnectad With Moms question of labor, When w* mm» to deal with great corpo track systems must b* stopped, and the legla- modern cities It Is Important that the work undertaking» has been possible under It At manner than is now the case. hlerf»ren«e Itself simply take« th* form ration». th» need for th» Government to act latl -ti of the 3hth ('ongrrat which declares Inaugurated here through voluntary efforts the same time, economy is guaranteed by The progtess of the Indians t<>ward civiliza of restoring order without regard to th» directly is far gr*at«r than in th» caw of the fart that funds must ultimately be re tion. though not rapid, to perhaps ail that should b* taken up and eztended through It t" be unlawful for any person or corpora- question» which ha«» rau»*d th* breach of labor, hr« «use gr*«f corporalInns ran becom« turned to be used over again t tlon to offer, grant, give, »«licit, accept, or Congressional appropriation of funds suf could be hofxd for. in view of the cireum- •trdrr for to keep order Is a primary duly such only b, engaging in lnt«rot«tw rom receive any rebate. conce«ainn. or dlsrrlmi- ficient to equip and maintain numerous con- ; ft is the cardinal principle of the forest stances Within the past year many tribe« and In a time of disorder an«1 violence ail m»r«» and Interstate naii- n In re«pect of the transportation <»f any venlrnt Mn/kll playgrounds upon land which reserve policy or this Administration that have shown, in a degree greater then ever •rther questions sli»a into abeyance until, < orporat tons. commerce 1» peculiar property in interstate or foreign commerce can be »«x-ured without purchase or rental I the reserves are for before, an appre iatlorx dr.ter has h»*n restored ly the field of ths whereby such property shall by any device It Is also desirable that small vacant places use. Whatever Inter of the necessity of Indiana. In th* District of Columbia and In th« General Government Il 1» sn absurdity to whatever be transported at a less rate than be purchased and reserved as small-park I feres with the use of » rk TMl h MMN I •*» terrltorlee. th» Federal law covers th» »nth» »ape« t to eliminate ths abua»» in great tor- that nam«xl in the tariffs published by the playgrounds In densely settled sections of ' their resources Is to be avoided by every tltude is in part due to the policy recently nf g>.»ii>m«ht. i-in tha labof qtieattoa {»oration» by »lata action It Is difficult to • arrler, must t»e enforced But these resources must pursued of reducing the amount of sub.«t-t- For some time the city which now have no public open possible means • cut» In populous centers of e««m t* patient with an argument that such mat after the erac-tment of the art to regulate spaces and are destined soon to be built up be used In such a way as to make them en.-e to the Indian.«, and thus forcing them, manufactures, or mining N»v»rthe- tars should be left to the states. I.*« auae commerce It r*maine<| a mooted question solidly Ail these needs should be met im permanent. through atieer necessity, to work for a liveli both In th» enactment and In th» *n more than on» state pursues the policy of The forest policy of the Government la hood. To meet them would entll ex- ' 1 The policy, though severe, is a useful whether that act conferred upon the Inter mediately forremrnt of la* Federal «resting on easy term« corporation« which state Commerce Commission the power, af pen»»» but a corresponding saving could just now a subject of vivid public lntereat one. but it is to be exer deed only with Judg within Ita reetrlcted sphere should set an st» never operated within that state at all. and to’the people of ment and iith a full understaadlag nt thw ter It had found a challenged rate to be un t>e made by stopping the building of streets ; throughout the West example t«» lhe stat» government». e»pe< tally but In other states whose laws they Ignore reasonable, to declare what thereafter •nd levelling of ground for purposes largely' the United States in general. The forest re conditions which exist in each community for In a mailer eo vital as this affecting labor The National Government alone can dezl ad should, prima fade, be the reasonable maxi speculative in outlying parts of the city. On or near the Indian serves themselves are of extreme value to which it is intend<d I believe that under modern Industrial con equately with th»»» great corporations To mum rate for th» transportation In dispute There are certain offenders, whose crimin the present as well as to the future welfare reservation!« there is usually very little de dltlons II la often necessary, and even where I try to deal with them In an Intemperate, mand for labo~. and if the Indians are to The Kuprem» Court finally ro«olved that ality takes the shape of brutality an<1 cruelty I of all the Western public-land states, They not nr< eesary II Is yet «»lien wiae that there destructive, nr demagogic spirit would, in all question In the negative, so that as the law towards the weak, who need a spe«'lal type of powerfully affect the use and disposal of earn their living and »hen w<»rk «-annot b* should be organization of labor In order probability, mean that nothing whatever n-«w stands th* rommi««lon simply po««»»«»» punishment The wlfe-beater. for example, I , the public lands. They are of special Im- fumtohed from outride (which is always pref better to se«uir the rights of th» Individual would b» arrornpM«he<1 and. with absolute the bare power to denounce a particular rate Is inadequately punished by Imprisonment. . portance because they ,_______ _____ ________ erable ) then It must be furnished by the Gov preserve the water wage worker All »W< «'Uragemeht should be certainty, that if anything were accomplished Practical instruction of this kind as unreasonable While I am of th.» opinion for imprisonment may often mean nothing supply and the supply of timber for domestic ernment. given to any such organisailoi*. »•• long as It would be of a harmful nature The Amer that at present It would b» undesirable. If to him. while It may cause hunger and want would In a few years result In the forming purpose« and so promote settlement under It Is conducted with a due and de »nt regaid ican peopl» need to continue In show the It were n«»t Impracticable finally to clothe to the wife and children who have been the the reclamation act. Indeed, they are es of habits of regular irdustry. which would for th* rights of others There ar* In this very qualities that they have shown that the Comml««l<»n with general authority to fix victims of his brutality Probably some form sential to the welfare of every one of the render the Indian a producer and would effect rountry a<»me labor unions which have habit Is in«»«leratlon, good sense, the earnr«t de railload rate«. I do believe that, as a fair of corporal punlrhment would he the most a great reduction In the coat of his ruain- great Interest of the West. ually, and othsr labor unions which have sire to avoid doing any damage, am! yet the 1 tenance. -r.urltv t<> shippers, the Commlv-l-w—Jh..qld ade<4uate way of meeting this kind of crime ! Forest reserves are created for two prin- oft«n been among th» most »ffectlve agents quiet determination to proceed, step by step, It is commonly «leclared that the slow ad The Department of Agriculture has grown ’ ' elpal purposes. be vested with the power, where a given The ------ first is to preserve the vance of the Indians is due to the uneatto- In working for good citizenship ami for up without halt and without hurry. In < Imlnat Into an . lucatlonal Institution with a far-[ i water supply. rate has l«f»n challenged and after full hear _ is _ ______ ________ This their most __ Important factoryr character of the men appointed to lifting th» condition of th«»ae who«» weifarr Ing or at least In minimising whatever of Ing found tn be unreasonable, to decide, ulty of 2900 specialists making research into use The principal users of the water thus __ __ __ l»e closest tn our heart« Hut when mischief nr of evil there Is to Interstate <-»»m • should The Congress preserved are irrigation ranchers and set- take imme<ltate charge of them, and to some subject tn Judicial review, what shall l»e a all the sciences of production any la1»<»r unl-«n seek« lmp»««p»r ends • « «eeka rnert e In the conduct of great corporations extent this Is true. While the standard of reasonable rate to take Its place, the ruling appropriates, directly and Indirectly, gft.ooo - tiers, cities and towns to whom their mu- the employes tn the Indian Service shows I«» achieve proper ends by lmpr<«|»er means, The* ar» a<ting in no spirit of hostility t«. <M»0 annually to carry nlclpal water supplies are of the very first of th* ('««mmlulon to take effect Immedi great improvement over that of bygone years, all g»»*d rltlsen» «nd m«>rs e»pe«|al(y all h«>n wealth, either imtbidual nr corporate They Agriculture. on thia work. It importance, users and furnishers of water ately, and tn obtain unless and until It Is and while actual corruption of flagrant diw- nrab' • public servants, tnu«t «»pposo lhe are not against (he rich man an» more than reaches every state power, snd the users of water for domestic, reversed by the court of review The Govern h«»nesty is now the rare exception, tt is never w.««ngdolng as re»<>lut»ly a» they would <»p- against the poor men On the contrary, ment must In Increasing degree supervise «nd and territory In the Vnlon and the Islands manufacturing, mining, and <ffher purposes, theless« the fact that the salaries paid Indian pos* tha wrongdoing of any great eorpoip- they are frlen.lly alike toward tlch man and regulate th» working« of the railways en .-f the sea totely rome under our flag Co- ' All these are directly dependent upon the agents are not large enough to attract the best toward p«»<»r man provided onl) that each gaged in Interstate commerce; and such In- operation 1» had with the state experiment 1 forest reserves. men to that field of work To achieve satis of cour»». any violence, brutality, nr cor acta In a spirit of Justice and decency toward < teased sui*erv l«l<>n I» the only alter native stations, and with many other Institutions factory results the official in charge of an The second reason for which forest re ruption ah<»uld n«»t for one moment l»e toler his fellows <lr»at cor**oration« arc neves The world Is carefully to an Increase of the present evils on the one and individuals serves are created is to preserve the timb- r Indian tribe should possess the high qualifica ated Wageworkers have an entire right to ■ary. ami only men of great an.I singular hand or a still more radical policy on the searched for new varieties of grains, fruits, supply for various clasees of wood users. tions which are required In the manager of a organise and by all peaceful and honorable mental power can manage such ror>vni atl«ms other. In my Judgment, the most Important grasses, vegetables, trees and shrubs, ault- mean« to en.leavnr to pereuade their fellows •urce»«fully. and such men must have great Among the more Important of these are set large busines« but only In exceptional cares legislative act n««w needed as regards the . able to various localities In our country; They r« wards tlers under the reclamation act an<l other Is it possible to secure men of such a type to join with them In organisations But the»« corporation» should be regulation of corporations la this act to con and marked benefit to our producers has re- acta, for whom a cheap and accessible sup for these positions. Much better service, how have a legal right, which, a • .»rdlng to cir managed with due regard to the Interest of fer on the Interstate Commerce t'ommla«t<>n , suited. ply of timber for domestic uses is absolutely ever. might be obtained from those now hold cumstance*. may <»r may not be a moral the public as a whole Where thl« can be The activities of our age in lines of re the power Io revise rat»w and regulations, the ing the places were it practicable to get out of necessary; miners and prospectors, who are right, tn refuse to work In company with done under the present law« It'muwt l»e don* search have reached the tiller« of the sell revised rate to at once ‘n serious danger of losing their timber sup them the best that to In them, and thto should men who decline to join their organisations Where the«r laws come short, others should an«l it»»’irevi them with ambition to know to stay In effect unless be d »ne by brtgxing them constantly into closer ply by fire or through export by lumber com The, have under nn clrvuinstances the right be enacted to supplement them more of the principles that govern the forces of review reverses it. An agent tn «««mmlt violence upon those, whether • ap- panies when timber lands adjacent to their touch with their superior officers. Yet we must never forget the determlnlng of Nature with which they have to deal Hteamshlp companies engaged _ _ __ ____ In _ Inter- mln •« pass Into private ownership; lumber who has been content to draw his salary , glvln« Itallsts i»r wageworker» who refuse tn sup factor In every kind of work, of head or Nearly half of the. prop]« of this country tn return the lea* possible equivalent in ef state commerce an<1 protected In our coast port th«4r mzanlsatktps. or who side with hand, must be the man's «»wn w men. transportation companies, builders, and good sense, devote their energies to growing things from fort and service, may. by proper treatment. i commercial interests in general. those will» wh««m they are at odds, it»r n»«»b routsgr and kindliness More Impori tant than wise trade. «h«»ul<! be held to a strict observ I the soil I'ntll a recent date little ha.« been b> suggestion and encouragement, or peretot ance of the Interstate commerce act. rula 1» in’ -i«-'atota hi «•" ft im Although the wisdom of creating forest re any legislation la the gradual _ gro< iwth flf u In pursuing the set plan to make the City done to prepare tlxse millions for their life serve« 1« nearly everywhere heartily recog »nt urglhg, be stimulated to gr-ater effort and The wageworkers ars peculiarly entitled tn feeling of responsibility and forbearance work. In ntc of human activity col- Induced to take a more active personal interest the protection and the encouragement of the am ng capltallgta and wggcw.irka*» alike, n nf Washington an exam."'«- tn other American nized, yet in’a few localities there have been in his work. I lege-tralned e the leaders The law From th* very nature <«f their occu feeling of respect An the part «»f each man munl< Ipalltlea, sever* points should be kept misunderstanding and complaint The fol farmer had no opportunity for special train I'nder existing conditions an Indian agent In In the first pation. railroad men for Instance, are liable for the tights of others; a feeling of broad In mind by the legislators ing until the Congees made provision for It lowing statement is therefore desirable: the distant West may be wholly out of touch tn b* maimed In doing th.- legitimate work community of Interest, not merely of capital place, the people of this country should clear The forest-reserve policy can be successful with the office of the Indian Bureau. 40 > ears Rfo During these years progress He ly understand that no of th»ir profession, unless the railroad com ists among themselves, «nd of wageworkers only when It has the full support of the peo may very well feel that no one takes a per < ity of M aehlngton. nm un; of Industrial has been nude and teachers have been pre panics are required by among themselves but of capitalists and ple of the West It cannot safely and should sonal Interest tn him or his efforts. Certain pared Over 5000 students are in attendance prosperity, »nd above Fn.oinrrr’a I la- u* ,0 make ample wageworkers In th»lr relations to each other, at our State Agricultural college«« The Fed not In any ease, be Imposed upon them routine dutiee In the way of reports and ac Employer a 1.1« r,„ ,h..u and of both In lhe|r relatl«»hs to their fel all no leadership In International Induatriai against their will. But neither can we ac counts are required of him. but there Is no blllty l«w. safety The Admlnls- lows, who with them mske up the body pol competition, ran In any way atone for the eral Government expends 410.000.000 annu ally toward this education and for research cept the views of those whose only Interest one with whom he may Intelligently consult tiatlon has been seal- itic There are many captains of Industry, sapping of the vitality of those who are In Washington and In the several states and I In the forest Is temporary, who are anxious on matters vital to his work, except after usually spoken of as the working classes mis In enforcing th» existing law for this many labor leaders, who realise this A Such a man would be greatly territories The Department of Agriculture to reap what they have not sown and then long delay. purpose That law should hr amended nml recent speech by the president of one of our The farmers, the mechanics, the skilled and encouraged and ilded by personal contact with has given facilities for post graduate work I move away, leaving desolation behind them strengthened Wherever lhe National Gov great railroad systems to the employes of unskilled laborer«, the small shopkeepers, On the contrary. It Is everywhere and always some one whose interest In Indian affairs and to 500 young men during the laM seven ernment has power, there should be a strin that system contains sound common sense. make up the bulk of th» population of any the interest of the permanent settler and whose authority In the Indian Bureau were country; and upon their well-being, genera years, preparing them for advanced lines gent employer's liability law, which should It runs In part as follows the permanent business man. tjie man with a greater than his own, and such contact would tion after generation, the well-being of the of work In the department and in the state apply to the Government Itself where the "It Is my belief we ran better serve each stake in the country, which must be con be certain to arouse and constantly increase Institutions. country and the i ace depends. Rapid devel Government Is an employer of labor I the interest he takes In his work other, belter understand the man as well as The facts concerning meteorology and Its sidered, and which must decide. opment In wealth and Industrial leadership In my meeeage tn the 52«! Congress, at Its The distance which separates the agents— The making of forest reserves within rail- 1 bls business, when meeting face to face, ex second session, 1 urged the passage of an changing views, and realising from personal Is a K-»d thing, but only If It goes hand In relations to plant and animal life are be the workers In the field—from the Indian Offica mad and wagon-road land grant limits will hand with Improvement, and not deteriora ing systematically inquired Into. Tempera employer's liability law for the District of in Washington Is a chief obstacle to Indian contact we serve but one Interest, that of tion. physical and moral The overcrowding ture and moisture are controlling factors In hereafter, as for the past three years, be so progress. Columbia I now renew that recommenda- Whatever ehall mure closely unite our mutual prosperity. all agricultural operations The seasons of managed as to prevent the Issue, under the of cities and the draining of country dla- tl«n gnd fwi1 ' h i i -' ommt M IIMH I•»«• < m these two branches of the Indian Service, and "Herloua misunderstandings cannot occur trlctn are unhealthy ... an< ___ j even dangerous the cyclones of the Caribbean Sea and their set of June 4, 1897, of base for exchange or shall enable them to co-ofterate more heartily gross appoint a commission to make a com where personal good will exists and opportu lieu selection (usually called scrip) In all symptoms In our modern life prehensive study of employer's liability with We should paths are being f. ecasted with Increasing and more effectively, will be for the Increased The cold winds that come frem cases where forest reserves within areas efficiency of the work and the betterment of n<»t permit overcrowding In cities. the View of extending the provisions of a nity for personal explanation Is present. In certain accuracy the north are anticipated and their times j covered by land grants appear to be essen the race for who»« Improvement the Indian "In n»y early business life I hod experience European cities It la provided by law that great and constitutional lew to all employ tial to the prosperity of settlors, miners, or ___ with men of affairs of a character to make the population of towns shall not he allowed and Imensity told to farmers, , _ gardeners ments within the s<ope nt Federal power Bureau was established The appointment of others, the Government lands within such The Government has recognised heroism me desire to avoid creating a like feeling of to exceed a very limited density for a given and fruiterers in all southern localities a field assistant to the Commissioner of Indian We sell 1230,000.000 worth of animals and proposed forest reserves will, as In the recent Affairs would be certain to insure thto good Upon the waler. an<! bestows medals of honor resentment to myself ami the Interests In my area, so that the Increase In density must be past, be withdrawn from sale or entry pend upon those persons W’ho by extreme and he charge, should fortune ever place mo In au continually pushed back Into a broad sone animal products to foreign countries every Ml 1 Su<h an «official. If possessed of the year. In addition to supplying our own peo ing the completion of such negotiations with requisite energy and deep Interest In the work, roic dating have en thority. and I am solldtoua of a measure of around the center of the town, this sone hav The ple more cheaply and abundantly than any the owners of the land grants as will prevent would be a most efficient factor In bringing dangered their Ilves In confidence on the part of the public and our ing great avenues or parks within It. .Mentala of Honor. Into closer relationship and a more direct union saving, or endeavoring employes that I shall hope may be warranted death rate statistics show a terrible Increase other nation is able to provide for Ita peo the creation of so-called scrip. It was formerly the custom to make forest of effort the Bureau In Washington and Ita Successful manufacturing depends pri tn save, Ilves from the perils of the sea In by the fairness and good fellowship I Intend In mortality, and especially In Infant mor ple. tality. In overcrowded tenements. The poor marily on chrup food, which accounts to a reserves without first getting definite and agents In the field; and with the co-operatlon the waters over which the I'nlted Mtates has •hall prevail In <»ur relationship. est families In tenement houses live in one considerable extent for our growth in thto detailed Information as to the character of of Its branches thus secured the Indian Bureau "But do not feel I am disposed to grant Jurisdiction, or upon en American vessel The Department of Agriculture, land and timber within their boundaries. This would. In measure fuller than ever before, lift This recognition should he extended to cover unreasonable requests, spend the money of room and it appears that In these one-room direction <-a«»M of conspicuous bravery and self sacri our company unnecessarily or without value tenements the average death rate for a by careful Inspection of meats, guards the method of action often resulted in badly up the savags toward that self help and self- health of our people and gives clean bills choden boundaries and consequent Injustice reliance which constitute the man. received, nor expect the daya of mistakes are number of given cities at home and abroad fice tn the saving of life In private employ Therefore this Ad In the Postofflc« Department the servlca of health tn deserving exports; It la prepared to settlers and others menta under the jurisdiction of the United disappearing, or that cause for complaint Is about twice what It Is In a two-room ten Htstee. Miul particularly In tha tond com will not continually occur, simply to dorrect ement, four times what It la In a three-room to deal promptly with Imported disease« of ministration adopted the present method of has Increased In efficiency, and conditions first withdrawing the land from disposal, as to revenue and expenditure continue sat such abuses as may be discovered, to better tenement. and eight times what it Is tn a animals, and maintain the excellence of our merce of the Nation The increase of revenue during the isfactory. flocks and herds In this respect. There followed by careful examination on The ever-increasing casualty list upon our conditions as fast as reasonably may ba ex tenement consisting of four rooms or over. the year was 49,358,191.10. or 0 9 per cent, ground and the preparation of detailed maps railroads 1s a mntter of grave public concern, pected. constantly striving, with varying suc These figures vary somewhat for different should be an annual census of the livestock and descriptions, before any forest reserve i I the total receipts amounting to 414.9,382.- end urgently calls for action by tha Con- cess. for that Improvement we all desire, to cities, but they approximate In each city of the Nation. 624 34. Th« expenditures were 4132,332,-« Wo sell abroad «bout 4’KX, 000.000 worth of Is created. grass. In the matter of speed and comfort convince you there is a fores at work In the those given above; and in all cases the SUPPLEMENT