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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (July 31, 1963)
PAGE l-A HERALD AMD NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon ' Wednesday, July 31, 196J EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . . Farm Bureau Chief After New Policies BLIMEY! Take It Slow And Easy v Congress is doing some deep soul-searching on the nuclear test ban treaty. The picture is not as bleak as some would paint it, nor is it as jovial and bright as the administration would paint it. : Claims of "victory for mankind" and "ma jor breakthrough in the cold war" are not only premature, but downright foolish. : The facts are these: The United States first proposed an atomic test ban in June of 946 at a time when only we had the atomic bomb. The Russians rejected this. We renewed our atomic test ban offer from time to time, and, in October, 1958, a one-year "undeclared moratorium" on nu clear tests went into effect. Thirty four months later in September, 1961, the Russians resumed testing in the atmosphere, particularly their 100-megaton giant atomic bombs. It was obvious they had been preparing for the test for some months prior to launching them. It wasn't until April, 1962, or nearly five months later, that we resumed atmospheric testing. ; As recent as earlier this month, Khrush chev said the Russians wanted a test ban but it must be linked to a non-aggression pact between the Reds and NATO. In two weeks of negotiations, the test ban which bars testing in the air, outerspace or underwater was hammered out.' Such speedy action after so long a delay causes us some uneasiness. Last year we heard top atomic scientists warn of the dangers of another test ban, pointing out that such a ban enables the Rus sians to move up in the atomic race. Dr. Ed ward Teller, known as the father of the H bomb, warned that the Russians might need Only one more test ban period to perfect their anti-missile missile and that they would then have the defense against our retaliatory pow er and be in a position to launch a nuclear assault in a terrifying nuclear "Pearl Harbor." We weigh this advice by atomic experts against the well-meaning intentions of poli ticians intent on improving their image. In the weeks ahead, we shall hear a great deal of debate both pro and con on the test treaty. It may be that in the final vote the Senate may decide not to approve it. The question is a pure and simple one, "Does it benefit the United States to accept such a nuclear test ban?" There can be no other meritorious stand ard. We can talk about world safeguards against radiation, health hazards, cold war complications and the like, but it actually, for you and me, boils down to the calm question begging an answer, "Does it benefit the United States to accept this test ban?" The proposal must be stripped of its po litical implications and placed up against the needs of the safety of this nation, it must be weighed against the past perfidious record of the Soviet Union on other treaties. The un-censored opinions of our top mil itary leaders must be secured, and these must be candid appraisals, not ones dictated by the civilian head of the defense department. When all these facts are in, properly appraised and evaluated, then the Senate will come to a vote on the issue. We're content to accept their decision. Frankly, while the proposed treaty raises a faint hope for some sort of nuclear sanity, there are many many loopholes in it and when ' it is all considered it boils down to a question of faith that the Soviets will do what they say they will. This they will do ONLY if it is to their benefit. This fact is supported by their past record. . Their record also shows that they will honor the pact just so long as it benefits them and not one moment longer. These uncontested facts must also he taken into account when one is considering whether or not to place his future nuclear se curity in the faith of Russia's words. For nowhere have ve read that Khrush chev has disavowed his announced intentions to bury us and force our grandchildren to live under Communism. , Security Threat (New York Journal American) The British reacted with shocked sur prise to the disclosure of threats to security represented by the explosive Profumo scandal. But a similar potential to America's se curity is posed by a ring of international call girls operating in and out of the United Na tions. The Journal-American, as a public serv ice, has exposed how at least one of these party girls arranged to have a mysterious re cording delivered behind the Iron Curtain. . . how these girls have unrestricted access to the delegates' lounge how they are wel comed by members of some foreign delega tions having access to classified documents. Even more sinister was the revelation that a former TV producer who fled from a Federal indictment charging him with procur ing has now found refuge behind the Iron Cur tain. We are gratified that U.S. District At torney Robert M. Morgenthau has shown his concern over this potential threat to the se curity of the nation by ordering a full investi gation. This country cannot afford to risk a repe tition of the Christine Kceler case. HOLMES ALEXANDER. Senate And The Treaty By .1IOLMKS ALEXANDER On June 10, 1963, ' President Kennedy made his famous appeal to the Soviet Union for a partial nuclear test ban treaty and Rave tile pledge that the USA would not conduct further tests In the air or in the oceans unless Hussla did so first. But two days later, on June 12th, and again on June 13th, our listening devices picked up acous tic evidence of nuclear-type ex plosions within the Soviet Union. There was no accompanying (all out, therefore no conclusive proof that the explosions were caused by nuclear tests. But Uicse "i acoustic signals matched three , .ors which had been detected in o'uly 1962, from tlte same terri tory. The Administration did not announce that any of these five occurrences were nuclear. The Atomic Energy Commission has preferred to believe (or have tlie country believe) that (he signals were probably produced by elec trical storms. A prominent Senator, who has majored in nuclear detection and verification for several years, com pletely disagreed with the Admini stration') trustful assumptions. They are, he feels, colored by the President's desire to coax Khrushchev Into a treaty. Tliis Senator, who wishes to remain anonymous at this writing, is convinced, from logic and science, that the Russians were atmospherically testing as lale as the middle of June, and that t)ioy have developed either a very refined low-yield bomb or a very "clean" bomb that drops little or no debris. In sum, the Russians have reached an advanced state of the art in disguising air-tests and that's one reason why they arc willing to discuss an itnin spected treaty. To this Senator's credit, he has not sensationalized these convic tions, lie still favors (lie Dodd Humphrey Senate resolution which calls for a ban on tests that contaminate (lie air and wa ter. He still favors the general tenor of the treaty which Ambas sador ll.irriman has been nego tiating in Moscow. Nevertheless, I Hunk it is fair to report that this important statesman is div apiwinted in the Adminislriil ion's solt-on-Reds attitude In failing to show more suspicion and alarm at five unidentified explosions in Russia during l!Xl2-3. Hero Is a proviso which ho tells me should lie included in any HussoBrltlsh American treaty to ban air-waler testing: ". . . that we shall consider a series of such signals, originating in their territory, to constitute proof that the test ban has boon violated." Tlie Senator believes that we no longer need to find radioactive debris in order to know that test ing has taken place. Our acoustic devices arc now sensitive enough to be reliable not for proof positive, hut for proof sufficient. He also is suspicious of Hie Khrushchev proiosal that tlie treaty include space, as well as atmosphere and water, as areas where tlie treaty signers agree not to test Modern techniques make it feasible to explode nuclear weapons millions of miles away from earth. But science has not yet provided the means of detect ing or verifying such shots. To include space in the treaty would give Russia an area to test-and-choat. He hopes that Khrushchev ' will he willing to leave space out of tlie treaty until science gives us more assurance in that area. It would he wrong to take any thing away from Mr. Kennedy's achievement in bringing some sort of partial treaty within the realm of possibility. But no pig-in-a-poke, please. ittft8 Maintaining Union Monopoly By ARTHUR KROCK In The New York Times MIDDLETOWN, R. I July 25 -Every so often the American peo ple wake up, like Lemuel Gulli ver in Lilliput, to find themselves bound hand and foot. Their fet ters are the Federal law and bipartisan politics Uiat created and have maintained the monopoly power of the labor unions to paralyze the national economy. This power is' now being cur rently manifest by the railroad brotherhoods. The agreement by management to the appeal from Congress for another month in which to try to avert a shut down on the roads by the broth erhoods is merely its latest dem onstration. For, although railroad management has consented six times to postpone the date when work rules will no longer require payment for union jobs not need ed for operation and has accepted the findings of two Presidential boards and also all Administration suggestions for casing the terms of dis-employmcnt, a seventh agreement to postpone was a Hobson's choice for management because of the shackles of one way law and vote-seeking poli tics. ' Labor Unions Favored Under tlie terms of that law labor unions can legally do things, and on a nationwide scale, for which management would incur criminal penalties. They can: (II shut down an entire industry on which, as in this instance, the strength and viability of the economy depend; (2) do this de spite their refusal even to bar gain on the issue with manage ment, and in total disregard of the findings of investigators of these issues who were chosen by the President of the United States; and (31 terminate a basic trans port facility of the nation as a protest against a responsible man agement decision whose legality was certified by the Supreme Court of the United States. But politics is responsible for allowing the situation to drift to tlie point where the dignity o.' the American system of gov ernment has been impaired at the expense of the public interest and of the equal rights guaran teed to free private enterprise by the Constitution. In his 1960 campaign Mr. Kennedy said and STRICTLY PERSONAL By SYDNEY J. HARRIS Just as children are getting old er faster, grown-ups are staying younger longer. The age-categories of even the recent past scarcely apply to tlie present time. . I was thinking of this when reading about the dispute be tween an airline company and its stewardesses. The company wanted to drop its stewardesses at age 32: tlie union protested; and a compromise of sorts was worked out. What interested me was n o t the labor aspect of the quarrel, but the outmoded assumption by tlie airline that 32 is somehow "old" (or a stewardess. Actually, most women of 32 today look Al manac By United Press International Today is Wednesday, July 31, the 212th day of 1!H with 153 to follow. The moon is approaching its full phase. The morning stars are Jupiter and Saturn. The evening stars are Saturn and Mars. On this day in history: In 194.1. the French Committee of National Liberation appointed (ien. Charles de Gaulle perman ent chairman of the committee of national defense. In 194B, 900 airplanes (lew over the dedication ceremonies of New York's International Airport al ldlewild Field. In 19.V1, Sen. Robert Toft of Ohio died. He was majority lead er of the U.S. Senate. In l2. agreement was reached on the Malay Union. A thought for tlie day Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes said: "Knowledge and limber shouldn't lie much used till Uiey are seasoned." (and presumably feel 10 years younger. A generation or so ago, a wom an of 40 had nearly had it. She was settled into middle-age, and usually looked it. Today's wom en are incredibly young in ap pearance and vitality that is, it they aren't trying too hard to look young. Nothing ages a wom an (aster than that. , Much tlie same, of course, is true of men! Men in their 40s and SOs are stiU young and vig orous, whereas their fathers and grandfathers were often sloping toward senescence in those dec ades. It may have something to do w ith diet, w ith changing patterns of social life, with attitudes to ward one's self. Somehow, past generations become prematurely stodgy: they not only wore hea vier clothes and ate heavier meals, but also settled heavily into old age long before it was called for. If you look at a picture of a woman of 40 at the turn of the century, or even two decades alt er that, and one of today, tlie difference is striking not merely in the costumes, but in tlie ex pression, in tlie posture, in the whole psychic atmosphere. Although it is true that Ameri can civilization today may put too much emphasis on "youth" as a virtue, it is equally true (hat our ancestors committed the op posite mistake (hey grew old too last, and often passed from youth to senility without ever grasping the fact that maturity is a time for delight, and not just for duty. It is easy to be critical of our contemporary culture; yet to re main young in spirit (without re maining green in judgment! is surely a positive value that past generations neglected or scorned. To see a woman of SO striding across (lie golf links, lithe and tanned, is to realize that 32. in our tunc, Is barely the threshold of womanhood. No matter wtwit (lie airline ofticials may think to tlte contrary. repeated that "tlie President should have a wider arsenal of weapons so that (in a labor crisis involving the national economy) neither the union nor the com pany would be assured his inter vention would benefit one side or the other." But not until the railroad strike was only a week away did he go to Congress for this "arsenal." and then what he asked for was a weapon of unproved effective ness and very limited range. Then railroad brotherhoods had only to indicate to Congress their con tinued preference for a wholly disarmed Government to prevent the prompt action the President unrealistic-ally asked (or, and produced the unfair hut, in the circumstances, irresistible Con gressional pressure on the rail roads for still another postpone ment. Defusing a Threat This, however, is about all that has been accomplished so far by the political branches of the Federal Government to defuse an economic threat which has been steadily nearing the point of ex plosion for years. If Congress should turn the problem over to the Interstate Commerce Com mission, on substantially the terms the President set forth, the rail roads have now discovered in the fine print that they can be obliged to continue for four years, not two, a $600,000,000 annual payroll for employes they do not need, to do jobs that no longer exist. Hence it will be up to a majority of the 11 Presidential appointees seven by Eisenhower, three by Kennedy and one by both presi dents who compose the com mission to determine the pace of the descent of the railroads into bankruptcy, or whether and at what point it is to be halted. Mean while there is no assurance that the brotherhoods will not renew their strike call when the latest period of postponement of the work rules had expired. They re serve the right and have the power thereby (o do this if Congress has not legislated to their satisfac tion. Then Mr. Kennedy w ill be in escapably faced with the alterna tive of openly surrendering the Government to the union monop oly, or seeking that "wider ar senal of weapons" in the public interest that as a candidate he said he would as President ask Congress to supply. By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA)-Charles B. Shuman, American Farm Bu reau president, ain't mad at any body any more not even Sec retary of Agriculture Orville L. Freeman. Since the biggest farm organi zation was generally credited or blamed for defeat of the Kennedy administration wheat program in tlie May 21 referen dum, it has been assumed that Shuman is still agin' the gov' ment because it has done nothing to get some substitute wheat leg islation through Congress. In Washington to testify before a House Agriculture subcommit tee on the AFB proposals for an interim wheat, feed grain and cotton bill, Shuman was complete ly relaxed. He didn't have any particular criticism of Freeman for taking his trip to Russia although some critics have accused him of run ning away to block new farm leg islation. "After all." observed Shuman, "Secretary Benson (President Eisenhower's Secretary of Agri culture Ezra Taft Benson) took his family and friends on a tour of Russia just before he left of fice. So why shouldn't Secretary Freeman go?" Shuman gives Freeman credit for being very astute and a good administrator and he takes no slock in reports Freeman will re sign or be fired. "I'm more interested in seeing the Department of Agriculture change directions than change secretaries," says Shuman. But he sees no changes coming in Freeman or Kennedy administra tion farm policies. Shuman gets around the coun try a good bit so he was asked how farmers generally feel about Freeman. "About the same as they felt about Mr. Benson," Shuman re plied. . As for Republican presidential candidates now being mentioned. Shuman believes those with con gressional experience in han dling farm legislation would be best qualified. That would give the nod to Senators Barry Goldwater of Arizona and Thruston B. Mor ton of Kentucky. Shuman gives Gov. Nelson' Rockefeller credit for being knowl edgeable on farm issues. New York State has a big dairy in dustry and Rockefeller has big ranches in Venezuela. Shuman believes that "chaos will not result if new farm legis lation is not passed by Congress this year." He believes the average price of wheat next year won't be much lower if no new wheat bill is passed. Prices on feed quality wheat will be down, he admits, but some of the hard wheat prices will be up and farm income won't be far different from this year. The Farm Bureau head believes the new wheat bill introduced b Sen. George McGovern, D-S.D , and the cotton bill introduced b House Agriculture CommilU chairman Harold D. Coolcy, i N.C., may stand in the road of the AFB program. The Farm Bureau is opposed to these measures. Shumaa be lieves that if they are defeated and if new farm legislation is not enacted this year, production will begin to come down volun tarily next year. Contrary opinion is that If no new controls are imposed this year, production will zoom and prices will skid. Estimates on next year's farm income loss through defeat of wheat controls in the May referendum run as high as $700 million. Total cost of the AFB plan has been estimated at $2 bil lion, including a soil bank scheme to take 100 million acres out of production. WASHINSTON WINDOW Kennedy Plays Politics With Racial Situation By LYLE C. WILSON United Press International The resignation of Postmaster General J. Edward Day offers President Kennedy another op portunity to indulge his anxiety for a Negro in the cabinet. Ken nedy's first choice for that cabi net post may have been a Ne gro. During the 1960 presidential campaign, the Republicans play ed politics in stumbiebum fashion with the idea of a Negro cabinet member. There was no need for candidate Kennedy to match that maneuver precisely during his presidential campaign. The Dem ocratic platform and his own shrewd plays for Negro votes were ample to offset Republican maneuvers. Once elected, however, Presi dent Kennedy had Negro prob lems. He and his platform had promised guaranteed some instant civil rights. It immediate ly became obvious that the entire Kennedy legislative program probably would be scuttled if the new President proposed broad gauge civil rights legislation to the newly elected Congress. The decision was to put off the issue. Negroes Were Pleased Negroes were pleased by Ken nedy's selection of Negroes for well-paid federal jobs. They were equally pleased by constant evi dence of the President's concern for Negro problems. Thus it was that the President-elect appeared on the porch of his Georgetown home in December, 1960, with Rep. William Dawson, a Chicago Democrat and a Negro. The President - elect told assembled H lit "I'll bet ibi looks at in clothes!" newsmen and Dawson agreed that the congressman had been offered and had refused the postmaster general's post. Here was another evidence of Kennedy's interest and confi dence in Negroes but was it? The question arose: Was the offer to Dawson for real? The Chicago Daily News printed an editorial under the caption: "We Can't Beiicvc It. Daw son's record should keep him out of the cabinet." The News pictured Dawson as the absolute political boss in Chi cago of an empire of corruption, fraud and crime. It so. the nom ination of Dawson would have in vited severe scrutiny and, prob ably, rejection by tlie U.S. Sen ale. Kennedy scarcely could have been ignorant of Dawson's back ground nor insensible to the atti tude the Senate might take. There was suspicion, therefore, that the announcement that Daw son had been tendered and had rejected the job was a political device and that no real proposal had been made to Dawson. Proposed New Department Thereafter Kennedy proposed that Congress establish a new cabinet department of urban af fairs. He said he would name a Negro to head the department. The Republicans almost unani mously cried "foul." They were joined by some Democrats from the South. This was a political ploy, these dissenters maintained, to make it impossible for a non Southern member of Congress to vote against setting up the new department lest he be accused of anti - Negro bias; of voting against a Negro in the cabinet. However that may have been, Congress did not authorize the new department. Eut President Kennedy undoubtedly took a sub stantial political profit among Negro voters. Now comes a vacancy in tlie Kennedy cabinet, a cabinet job said to have once been offered to and rejected by a Negro. If the President's aaxiety for a Negro in the cabinet has been for real all along, here is a can't miss opportunity. Or, maybe, the President will decide to give an other refusal to Chicago's Rep. Dawson. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Q Is it correct to call Ihr last book nf the New Testament "Revelations"? A No. In various English translations of the Rible it is called either "Tlie Revelation" or "The Apocalypse." Q How long does ropvright, last In (he United States? A For 28 years; it can be renewed for 28 more.
