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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (June 30, 1963)
PAGE ( Sunday, June 30, 19.l 'Things Were Bad Enough, Then Prince Charles Took That Nip!" NOTHING SPECIAL fcdil&iial (paqsL Ailing Cities Put On Spot (W. B. S.I A fresh opportunity is at hand for state, county and local governments to show their stuff in competition with a federal authority against whose encroachments they complain. Special Senate and House subcommittees on intergovernmental relations are beginning a long series of field inquiries into basic prob lems confronting the various levels of govern ment in the nation's major metropolitan areas. What the subcommittees want to hear is not Washington solutions but "grass roots" proposals for improving regional co-operation in solving such problems. For example, if there is widespread op position to plans for federal mass transit legislation, the probers will ask simply: "How do you in your area propose to meet the crushing transportation needs of the present and future? Do you have the legal power and the organizational capacity to deal with these needs?" Aulhorities and interested parties at the various levels below Washington will be on test. For many of these assert vigorously: "Leave us alone. Leave these matters to us. We are better able than the federal govern ment to solve our difficulties." The answer to that, in the present circum stance, is that their case is unproven. Many American communities are in deep trouble and show little sign of knowing how to extricate themselves. Slums prow faster (Th Times, San Mateo, Calif.,) One of the tragic wastes of our society Is the high school graduate who has shown promise in his studies, but does not go on to college because of a lack of funds. The trage dy Is compounded by the fact that each year thousands of scholarships in the United Slates are unused because no one applies for them. Thirty million dollars in scholarship grants were unused last year, and $450 mil linn available for low-cost college loans were unloiichcd. Contrary to what a skeptic might deduce, few of these scholarships were limited to pink-haired Siberians who wanted to study the natural animosities of the albatross and the goldfish. Two requirements of most scholarships are good grades in high school and a need for financial aid. The second requirement can frequently be overcome if there are no other takers and the applicant shows particular promise in his field. Lack of publicity concerning some of the available scholarships contributes to their dis use. But the truth is, as most student counse lors are aware, lack of perseverance on the part of the student and his parents Is most frequently to blame. IN WASHINGTON By RALPH dc TOI.KDANO The proposed Negro March on Washington in August to force the hand of Congress places Presi dent Kennedy very painfully on the horns of a dilemma. If 100.000 Negroes picket the Capitol and sit-in on the cold marble floors of lis corridors, the possibilities of civil rights legislation will proli ably gu out the window. Many Congressmen who feel that such legislation is necessary and war ranted will not tolerate this kind of pressure tactics. They will cer tainly not vole for cloture if Ne gro leaders attempt to put a pistol to the head of Congress. On the other hand, if no legisla tion is enacted, Mr. Kennedy ran kiss away his chances for re-election. The tension and rioting that have been on tlie increase will undoubtedly continue at a slooried up pace. The President will cith er have to condone it or send troops In major cities north and south of the Mason-l)ion Lino. Hits would lose him vo'es by the millions. Whatever racial dillicul ties exist today, the nation is not ready to accept martial law with out protest. Whether fairly or not. Nifh Negroes and whites will blame Mr. Kennedy. What then is the solution? The lirv. Martin l.ulher King insists that (lie March on Washington cannot he prevented, no matter what he says or does. And other Negro leatlers have argued in the same manner. Rut is this true' If Mr. King and the leaders ol the National Association tor the Advancement of Colored People were to urge tlieir followers to stay lxme and if the Congress on Growth Of Scholarship; Hundreds of organizations fraternal, education, scientific, military, and governmen tal offer scholarships each year. There are constant additions to the list. Every col lege will supply a prospective student a po tential scholarship list upon request, and many colleges offer their own scholarship and loan services. "Undergraduate College Scholarships" is a pamphlet available from the Office of Ed ucation, Washington 25, D.C. As to loans for higher education, the possibilities range from interest-free loans for students who have fin ished two years of college from the Hattie M. Strong Foundation to long-term loans avail able through 1454 participating colleges and universities in all 50 states under the national defense student loan program. Continued awareness of the increasing value of college training is reaching into the home and the high school. But until a greater number of the thousands of capable students who risk their futures on a high school diplo ma desire to take advantage of the opportuni ties awaiting them in higher education, neither the parent nor the teacher can he salisfied with the role he has played. Strong Leadership Need Racial Kquality (CORE! were to add its voice would there by any substantial gathering here in Wash ington? The question answers it self. Certainly, some of the extrem ist groups would attrmpt to capi talize on the reponsible behavior of the NAACP and other Negro associations and committees by opposing It. The Communists, who lor years have attempted to re cruit Negroes hy ottering a "solu tion" now taken over hy tlie Black Muslims for a "Negro republic" in the South, will sock to take hold of any possible demonstra tions. Rut to mount a massive March on Washington will require tlie kind of planning and logistical support that only the NAACP, the King organization and CORK can provide. A sober statement by these groups warning that trou ble at (lie Capitol will harm rath er than help would automatical'v cool off some of those now de manding it. And tlx- tedious and necessary business of renting buses, arranging train schedules. Iinding lodgings, and providing food for MO.uM demonstrators could not be handled by ad hoc Communist and-or Black Muslim agitators. Tlie concern now felt by the Kennedy Administration has he gun to bubble to the surface. At torney General Robert Kennedy faced the criticism of the Negro leadership when be cautioned them that a march was prema ture" until Congress had a right to debate tlie civil right legislation proposed by the President. But behind the scenes, tlie talk is con siderably more emphatic. than they can stamp them out. Automobile traffic strangles them. Air pollution comes near to smothering them on certain days. Fi nancial burdens weigh them down. Author Mitchell Gordon, in a new book called "Sick Cities," notes that one town equipped its postmen with gas masks because its air was unfit to breathe. It is a fact of life today, he adds, that every urban American who lives to be 60 can expect sometime to be victim of a crime ranging from theft to may hem. In less than two decades, says Gordon, nine out of 10 Americans will be living in urban metropolitan regions. Conditions then may well be utterly intolerable unless citizens and their communities act now to crack some of their most desperate problems. Many of the "solutions" thus far tried, like widening streets and highways, only turn out to intensify the problems. But in many ways control of sprawl, of road patterns, of pollution, of recreational facilities effective solutions are clearly barred by antiquated regional and local gov erning practices. If these echelons of government have the capacity to clean away the deadwood of dec ades and grapple imaginatively with the huge dilemmas of city and town and county, the men of Congress now plunging into the field coast to coast will be only too happy to hear it. Some of tlie President's advisers are. in fact, considerably resent ful of the bind in which the Rev. Mr. King and others have put the Administration. They have always thought of themselves as the Ne groes' best friend and they can not comprehend why this is not understood. Negro leaders, how ever, lake a somewhat diKcrenl view Tliev note that holoro bis election. Mr. Kennedy had prom ised Hatty that a civil rights h:'l would be Ins fust order of busi ness. Once in nllice, he insisted that statutes then on the books were siilticient to cope with tli,. problem. Tile President's turnabout, allrr the riots in Birmingham and Phil adelphia, has not impressed those w ho believ' that he is now acting out of tear rattier than from prin ciplo As long as lear seems In be tlie motivation, the pressuie will grow and the demonstrations increase in iuipiIht and sic. on matter what the eventual conse quence:. Irritation at the Presi dent's dilemma will achieve htile. Strong leaik'rship Is required now based on a thorough under standing of the issues, svmpatiiv tor all eitlcns whether hl.kk or white who must come to grips with an explosive situation, and a proix-r regard (or law and consti tuiional principle. A show of lite courage which seeks to do the right regardless of political consc quences will do more to quiet tlie country and help it arrive at nisi solutions than all the pious senti ments and violent non-violent dem EDSON By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent N'ewpapcr Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA) - New York City's experience with its Commission on Intergroup Rela tions COIR offers pointed case histories on how efforts to foster and achieve integration work out. New York is the most polygot city in the world with a popula tion of over eight million. It has Jewish, Negro, Puerto Rican and many European minorities whose complex problems make the ra cial relationships ot most Ameri can communities simple by com parison. In addition. New York is headquarters for the U n i t e d OTHER EDITORS' OPINIONS The Sacramento Bret L'nitcd States Senator Kenneth B. Keating of New York has charged that the antiquated sys tem of electing the president of the United Slates by a vote of the electoral college gives no as surance the choice of tlie people will enter the White House. Keating is entirely correct. The New York senator also is accurate in his suggestion for eliminating this hazard an amendment to the constitution to provide for the di rect election of presidents by pop ular vote. There is no reason to conlin w the anachronism of tlie elec toral college and every reason to abolish it. I'nder this system all the vtes of a state support the win ning candidate, even if he wins hv only the slimmist margin. All of the votes of the l(er are ie nored when the final and derisive ote is ea-t in the electoral col lege. This creates a threat to ma 1't:1 r: U al-u makes possible ieliheratc manipulation to frus tia;e the will ot tlie people. There is no ahxilute requirement that the electors from a state cast their ballots for the candidate who re ceived a majority of the votes, Tin- late.-st proof of this danger conies in the proposal being putted hy Governor Uoss Harnett ot Mississippi ulto would with hold the S3 electoral votes of lie sriitliern states in I9t4. forcing the election of tlie president into the hi'uo of representatives. Tie nnt factor fa iving con Icge is inertia Tlie need lor change does n apjiear to be a ma'.ter of urgent necessity to most Americans. Yet the f.ut mruims It could he matier oi urgcniy in any given piesi,ient:ai c'evii- n. IVtying the will of tlx1 majority ol t!W voters certainly woukl he a iialer I n !es tin system is changed noth ing could he done if the unhappy la should conic and the electoral cge picked a man not elected hy Un? voters or permitted hv the houe of representatives to do the same thing. The time f.r action is now before it u Urn late to prevent the choice o the people beuni ignored IN WASHINGTON integration Tough Job Nations, where representatives from many of the 100 countries have found they are not always welcome as neighbors or in res taurants and other public places. Dr. Alfred J. Marrow. COIR's first director and author of the new, award winning book, "Changing Patterns in Preju dice," found that many of the problems tackled by his group and other welfare agencies did not always work out as planned. New York state's housing in tegration law. for instance, has not ended segregation. But since its passage, the law has given formerly restricted minori ties added self-respect. Dr. Mar row explained it this way in an interview; "It enabled a colored mother to tell her wondering children, 'Yes, we can live anywhere we want to. It's just that Daddy can't get a job that pays enough money for us to move into a bet ter flat.' That satisfies childish pride on one point, though it raises another problem." What frequently happened when colored families moved into integrated housing develop ments, says Marrow, is that the whites simply moved out. What had been solidly '.ihite apart ments soon became solidly Ne gro or Puerto Rican. The idea of reserving some of the apartments for white families was suggested, to force mixing. But this was rejected by tlie minority groups, which didn't wnnt mixing by plan or quota. "People of the same ethnic background like to live near each other." explains Marrow. "So there are voluntary segregated communities all over New York. They are cultural islands. They are not ghettoes. because the peo ple who inhabit them can get out if they want to. Compulsory in tegration to a kind of cliecker hoard pattern isn't what these groups want. First, they want better housing "Harlem Negroes don't neces sarily want to live with whites. They want to live with other Negroes. Een the more success ful, higher class Negroes who BERRY'S WORLD L -r) i li 1 r - 1 jgRSONNEL PMs j ' Untie pgi if f 1 "Ctn yon Iseep uertt" . call themselves 'middle class doctors, lawyers, professional people and businessmen want to continue living in Harlem where their patients, .clients and customers live. They don't want to move to Westchester." Viewed in this light, integra tion may not cause the complete revolution in living standards some people have feared. The question of integrated edu cation is something else. "The problem is how to accel erate the Supreme Court man date for 'deliberate speed' in in tegration.' Marrow believes. One thing that has to be done is give Negro children better teaching services until they catch up. Thi means special tutoring. It means more exposure to cul ture. It means smaller classes. Says Marrow: "That means more money. New York City esti mated that cutting average class size by one child and giving re medial reading courses with oth er aids for jut two years might cost a third more per child." Most states and local communi ties can't meet these extra costs. It is therefore considered likely that any moves toward faster school integration will put in creased pressures on the drive for more federal aid to the states for public school education. Another likely development. Marrow believes, is the possibil ity of more school segregation developing voluntarily, even af ter integration is imposed by law or order. This hapjvned in Baltimore, which put through what was considered a model M'hool integration plan. The whites simply moved. They were afraid integration would lower educational averages. "Don't conlue what can be done by law," warns Marrow in conclusion, "with what can't be done bv law." QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Q What is a hootenanny' A Hiita meeting of folk ni tigers, especially for public en- trrtainmrnt. 1 J m III. Klamath County citizens appar ently are so accustomed tn arrogance in the sher iff's office ' ... and care lessness in the office of district attorney that they feel any effort to change tilings is useless. The recent "incident" involving the young Indian who was held in Klamath County jail for 105 days with no charge against him. is only one of a series that dra matically emphasizes tlie inept ness of our officials in both de partments. It is fantastic and in conceivable that s u c h a thing could happen. But it did. Equally inconceivable, I think, is the lack of outcry from Klam ath citizenry. We have all kinds of do-gooders running around sniffing out grand schemes for the alleviation of "suffering" of their fellow-man. But, here is a simple oase of justice flag rantly wronged. So far, 1 i.avcn't heard a peep except what we printed in the paper. I have heard some people ex press amusement at some of the antics of our "sheriff." I wonder how they'd like to be unjustly locked up for 105 days (or 1'', minutes for that matter' by some arrogant official who is too inept or too careless to recognize tlie limits or the extent of his respon sibilities? Now that Profumo is gone, and a new Minister of War named for Britain, would it be unnecessary to say that England has been Pro fumogated? A Little League father has final ly figured out the strike zone used by the umpires. If the father catches it, it's a strike. Sale of our crib the other day reminded me of those famous last words: The saddest words of tongue or pen: "He sold our bahy buggy, then . . ." By FULTON LEWIS JR. Squash-playing Orville Freeman is not one who easily accepts de feat. When Minnesota voters gave him the boot in infiO. lame duck Governor Freeman went inlo se clusion, and did not come out un til he was named Secretary of Agriculture bv President Kenne dy. When farmers from coast to coast turned thumbs down on his control-ladon "solution" to the na tion's farm problem six weeks ago. Freeman decided to get away from it all. He will leave a fort night hence for a month-long working vacation behind the Iron Curtain. The stocky, bespectacled Secre tary w ill lead a team of eight advisers into Moscow on July n. From there he will tnur tlie Soviet Vnion, Poland. Rumania. Bulsaria, and Yugoslavia, and "take a careful, thorough 'ook" at farm methods in a collectivized society. Freeman will learn one thing: Soviet agriculture is a colossal Hop. Little more than six months ago. Nikita Khrushchev announced that Nikolai G. Ignatov had been tired as Deputy Premier. Ignatov is only the latest in a long suc cession ol "exports" who have been unable to make collectivized agriculture work. One of this country's leading ex ports on Soviet farming explains why. "You can read hundreds of pages of Soviet bilge on agronom ical trivia." says Prof. Domiiri Shimkin of tlie University of Illi nms. "and find no recognition that agriculture is done hy human be ins." liiunks and other misfits have boon appointed to key jobs in So viet agricultural planning, says Shimkin. "Illegal coercion of the pe.isanlry. vcnahlv. incompetent and dishnneMy have often been nii'ed." Tlie abject failure of collectiv iod agriculture can he seen (rnm the following statistics. While tlie oeruhelming majority of Soviet farmers work on coi'cotivied I. cms. SO per cent of the milk. V per cent of the meat. R2 per rent ot the eggs, and 62 per cent of the potatoes are supplied hv a ortniiarai i e handful of pruate larmers who have but 4 per cent of t(ie country's crop land S'viot "planners" have been un a1! 1 'o mechanve cnliet tlMzed ag ncuit.ire Not oniy is machinerv in short su;ipl: it is poorly main tamed It is often left out in the nfx-n to rust throughout tlie se vere Russian wm'er. Neglect of maairnery has :p fart become Parents, you'U be interested, I'm sure, in a new feature that gets underway in the Herald and News tomorrow. It's called Little People's Puzzle, and is an educa tional word-aiid-picture game that cnteiiains the children while it helps them learn to spell. Recently, samples of the puzzle were given to 210 third, fourth and fifth graders in a central New Jersey school. The great majority of the children agreed with the little girl who wrote on the back of the puzzle. "I would like to have them in the paper during the summer 'cause they are fu to do." We'll be publishing tlie puzzle six times a week. Encourage tlie kids to take turns having a whack at them. The average man has prob ably thought twice about run ning away from home once as a child, and once as a husband. I notice that several Oregon towns are seeking ways to out law selling via the telephone. So far as I know, nothing has been said about curtailing the activities of the radio survey teams that call while you're watching TV. July Fourth comes on Thursday this year (as if you didn't know'. There goes another week's work put off until the next week. The "temporary" war-level laves, which produce about $4 billion in annual revenue, were to have been decreased or dropped in 1954. Instead (hey have been extended on a year-to-year basis. Which goes to show that "temporary" taxes, whether of federal, stale or local origin, gel tn be an unbreakable habit. Time waits for no man, it is loo busy waiting for women. WASHINGTON REPORT . . . Russian Farm Program Is Complete Failure such a problem that it was made a criminal offense. There are chronic shortages of spare parts and it is often easier to buy new implements. The So viet press at harvest time is filled with reports of breakdowns in badly-needed farm machinery. In 1959. or instance, when the Soviet Union had considerable trouble harvesting the grain crop in Kazakhstan, 32.000 combines and 11.000 reapers were not in use in that region. At least 18.000 tractors could not be used because they needed repairs. Consumption of electricity on Soviet farms is less than one third of that on American farms. And, as Khrushchev has said, "one cannot demand high produc tivity of labor and hack corn witlj an axe." Note: The Freeman jaunt l reminiscent of one taken last sum mer by Interior Secretary Stew art Udall. The 10 most efficient power-generating establishments in the world are located in this country. Rather than visit them, however. Udall toured the Soviet Union to learn "as much as we can and see as much as we can. We have so much to learn from yoiir Soviet specialists in this field." Al manac By United Press International Today is Sunday, June 30, the 181st day of ina with 184 to follow. The moon is approaching its full phase. The morning stars are Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. The evening star is Mars. On this day in history: In pr.H. Adolf Hitler "began his bloody puree of fkrmany, elim inating many political and mili tary leaders who had once sup ported hun. In I'i.V), President Harry Tru man announced the transfer of I S troops in Japan to Korea tn av-i-t in tlie war acainst North Korean invaders. In i:'.Vt. the Senate approved tlie hill to make Alaska the 491h stale. In l'o. the Belgian Congo be ( amo the Republic of Congo, soon to be the ccne of hloodv internal strife. A thought for It. dav-German author, Thomas Mann, said: "Opinions cannot survive if one has no chance to fight for them "
