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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (June 6, 1963)
PAGE 2 C HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath FaUi. Ore. Thursday, June (, 1963 EDSON IN WASHINGTON World Food Congress Faces Big Problem Neck and Neck . a-v? 1 -wv x ''wen Conservatism Directs Historians and social scientists probably would agree that most adaptations to import ant social and economic change has been rea- sonahly managed by conservatives in Amer ica and much o the Western world. The idea that conservatism somehow operates as a bar to progress just does not fit the facts of history. Through a great part of America's growth, for example, conservative political figures have been in control. Does anyone dare to suggest that this country stood still in that long, long span? We all know that we did not. Many years ago some social scientists devoted a hard weekend of thinking to the problem of how change is managed. The con sensus was that generally it occurs through a process of "gradualism." Not only American history, but British, was cited in illustration. The celebrated Brit ish capacity for "muddling through" was seen as a curious talent for effective management of gradual change. What this amounts to is the ability to judge when the buildup of particular problems has reached the stage where intelligent ac tion is called for. If that action comes, social tensions are eased, and the society moves ahead without undue strain. Grave trouble comes, say the historians and social scientists, when men in power try to put a lid on change. Then the result may be not peaceful advance but violent explos ion. The French Revolution was such an in stance in history. French monarchs had sought for a century or more to arrest the processes of change. Finally the lid blew off. The sad fact about the violent outbursts is Dim View Of Welfare Congressman Walter Norblad First District periodically polls his constitu ents on current legislative controversies. Tabulation of his latest poll recently published in these columns, provides some interesting food for thought. Among the findings: Opinion as to the wisdom of federal in come tax reduction is nip and tuck, with 51.8 per cent saying Yes, and 48.2 per cent saying No. Sentiment In favor of bringing labor unions under the antitrust laws Is overwhelm ing, with 90.5 per cent in favor. The present farm price support program gets a heavy No vote 77.7 per cent as against, only 22.3 per cent in favor of it. The proposal that large cities be given federal aid for development of their local transportation systems has even less support IN WASHINGTON . . . Jfr Red Ity RALPH it TOLEDASO Among expert observers o( the Kremlin bear-pit, there is on in teresting theory concerning the recent demotion of several Soviet generals. Although only three nimes have been announced hy the Moscow press, it is believed in.it tlie military shake-up went cin-iidcriibly beyond what has been disclosed. According to the oilicial explanation for these de motions, tlie men Involved were close friends of Oleg V. Tenkov ky. t!'C Soviet official whose es pionage trial caused such a stir )n Mincow. Hut the facts In the Penkovsky case and tlie Kremlin's motives in making it a "show trial" are still obscure. Some sources have always claimed that Penkovsky was put on trial to Like the people's minds off Comrade Khru shchev's humiliation In the Cu ban block. ide. Rut as the story de veloped, this has seemed to bo a suiiei hciul analysis. If tlie experts aro correct, the Penkovsky case was created to al low Khrushchev to demote Chiet Marshal of Artillery Sergei S. Var enlsov (a hero of the Soviet Un ion i, and other military leaders. Varentsov, It should be noted, was in charge of tactical and op erational rocket forces before he was given tlie boot. The position he held In the So viet military hierarchy lends cre dence to the views of these experts on Soviet In fighting. That branch of Die Red Army which has been attempting to build up an ade qiinte missile force was never sat isfied w ith Khrushchev or his mil itary policies. They noted repeat- of Oregon's 93.5 per cent of the respondents answered No. Federal aid for school construction and teachers' salaries received a No vote. At the same time, a majority approved the proposal that parents of college students be permitted to claim their tuition, books, and other edu cational costs as an income tax deduction. One swallow doesn't make a summer, and a poll of one Congressional district doesn't prove a national trend. But Mr. Norblad's findings are in consonance with others ema nating from widespread areas of this nation. To put it simply, the American public at large is taking a dimmer and dimmer view of the Welfare State with all its costs and bur eaucracies and, more important, its relentless aggression against the liberties and responsi bilities of the individual citizen and local government. G enerals Disciplined edly that the t'nited States was steadily widening the missile gap in its own favor leaving the So viets behind. They wanted a larger military budget so th.it they could eventually catch up. Tlieir target date for closing the g.ip was roughly 1K74. This much is reliably estab lished fact It Is also known that Soviet military strategists strongly op posed Khrushchev's Cuban adven ture. They argued that the Soviet t'nion was not ready (or war or for any kind of serious confronta tion with the t'nited Slates. Thev Insisted that the Kremlin could ill afford anything but a decisive show of strength tf the Cuban is sue came to a crisis and they made nn secret of the fact that their military forces were not pre pared for Uiis eventuality. Marshal Varentsov was more than a soldier presenting his case, lie is an alternate mem ber of the Communist Party's Central Committee and a deputy in the .Supreme .Soviet. Therefnro he was able to express his view s to party leaders. When President Kennedy declared the Cuban blockade, Khrushchev was for a lime disposed to call what he be lieved to be America's bluff. The generals. Interestingly, are report ed to have been the restraining influence. Because tlie administration promptly snatched defeat from the jaw s of victory in the Cuban crisis. Comrade Khrushchev extricated himself from a situation which might have led to serious trouble behind Kremlin walls. But, ac Progress that they almost inevitably lead to excesses which are avoided by (he process of sane grad ualism. Thereafter valuable energies can be consumed in correcting the excesses. Those who try to block all change and who thereby set the scene for social explo sions are not responsible conservatives at all. They are radicals of a sort, as extreme as the radicals at the leftward end. Klamath County has suffered because of the activity of leaders of at least one group of this sort. The radical "conservatives" no doubt per suade themselves that they are busy "pre serving the values of the past." But a course which tries to preserve these at the cost of all change leads only to their ultimate destruc tion by explosion. Some who resist change believe sincerely they are not simply keeping the status quo for themselves but handing down a "sound heritage" of unchanging values to their de scendants and successors. What they are real ly handing down is the certainty of an ex plosion. The instinct of intelligent conservatives is to keep the processes of change under sen sible control, to blend the best of the past with elements of the new, to make sure that escape valves for society's tensions are always at work. A people thus guided moves ahead rationally, if slowly. But total resistance is like a cap on a volcanic cone. Beneath the cap, great counter-force builds. When the inevitable violent upthrust comes, it may engulf everything around the cone good and bad. We in America and our friends in the free West must thank our stars that we have most often been led by men who could see the peril of total resistance, and chose instead to keep us moving slowly but surely ahead. State cording to the theory of some ex perts, the Soviet dictator realized that he might not always be so lucky. The generals proved to be right, at least temporarily. And tlie generals were still clamoring for the kind of expenditures which would give muscle to his frequent boasts of Soviet military superior ity. The Penkovsky trial was Khru shchev's way of striking back at those who might in the future threaten his power. It was the kind of maneuver which would come naturally to any protege of Joseph Stalin. Penkovsky was "exposed" as a spy with access to the high est military echelons. Varentsov and his associates were tlien ac cused of having been responsi ble for Penkovsky's rise and his appointment to a post on the im portant Committee (or tlie Coor dination of Scientific Research. At the same time, the generals were charged with being indis creet in the presence of the "spy." Tlie flimslness of the case against Penkovsky becomes in creasingly apparent. The prose cutor had already begun to take back what he said of Penkovsky during the trial. The Soviet rocket Information which was allegedly incluilod in the 5.ono microfilm photos Penkovsky "conlessed" he had given Western Intelligence agents ts now being described as not 'serious" and only the gossip of his friends "chatterboxes." Penkovsky was summarily exe cuted and can't argue the point. And you may be sure that Mar shal Varentsov won't. He Is prob ably glad he's still alive. mm mwa .111 I. lp ' Maturity Rural residents have for cen turies assumed a greater cost of educating children than urban res idents. This has been partly be cause of the higher ratio of chil dren to adults. A .large propor tion of these children move to the city, taking with them a rural gift to the city their costly edu cation. Recently, another movement burdens rural education budgets. This is tlie relatively new phe nomenon of the bedroom suburb ouLside of incorporated city lim its. Here, one farm, with one to three families, may he supplant ed by hundreds of homes, most of them with two to four children. The few hundred dollars assessed value of these homes is swamped by the many hundreds of dollars increased education costs of those two to four children per home. Meanwhile, the city gradu ally loses its school population: but gains industry, business, and apartment dwellers who have fewer children than home dwell ers. This process is going nn in Klamath County. It will acceler ate In the next few years for a long time to come. Rural resi dents arc rightly concerned that their taxes for schools will rise. They will rise whetlier we have a unified county system or a municipal system separate from the county. At the moment, the county enjoys a favorable valu-ation-per-pupil ratio; but I be lieve that many rural residents from Crescent to Malin fail to sec that, if we have two systems, the county system would bear al most the entire burden of the in exorable population increase; this, without a corresponding in crease in valuation. At the same State of Union ACROSS mammal 41 Aulnorj.il 4fi Cnnunn 4H Aiiitlhcma 4') liutilit Stair S'Tnuhe Slate" lab i 8 "Beehive Stilt" 12 Twirl 53 Bic slate 57 Lubricate! 13 Roy' mm 14 Rtustan stream 1!S Mountain pool lAOreek letter 17 Bavarian mcr 18 Kummanls 20 Sawlirre '22 River felrt 24 Recent (comb. M Statute fiO l:na pi rated 61 C.aelic f.2 Hint, fi.l Sea bird f4 Mpttietthn ft Mall brc 66 lie I low nows 1 tVvoteea 2 Fish 3Teleraro 4 Subject to high beat 5 Chevalier'! Ha ml form I ?S Visitors '29 Equine sound 33 Talrn leaf 34 Hrazilian wallata 3 I,ourt outcry 37 Kairy fort 3ft Plav on ord W Hoosirr Sttate" (ah t ft Native of Latvia 7 Acquire knowledge f Marmor 1 12 13 14 I V 6 (7 I Id 19 110 jll i rs i4 13 il 17 re 19 pr 2. lis a. rn i & 126 p 2Tr?p 30 pi 132 ' lis irvf53 til S3 SF" Letters To The time, tlie municipal system would enjoy a relatively de creased school enrollment, with increasing valuations. Many farmers I have talked to see, that in opposing a unified system now because of an in crease in millage, the rural area is gaining pennies today, but will lose dollars tomorrow. In just a few years, the rural areas will be crying to the city for help, just as we have seen in so many areas in Oregon and California. If a municipal system boundary is hardened into reality, a few years from now the city will be just as reluctant to change as some in the county seem to be now. When emotions and passions arc put aside, we might find that the best plan financially and educationally is for all of us to share all of the costs in a unified county system. Whatever system is voted, how ever, we should be mature enough to see Uiat the people we harm most by hostility over this issue are our children. Laing W. Sibbet Benefit Much is said about taxes at a time when our federal govern ment is spending millions each week foolishly, but there is little that can be done. When it comes, to a minor tax change for schools on which we have an opportunity to vote, then wo "get mad" and education often "goes down swinging." Those who are opposed to re organization into a one county unit district say that the city will decrease 5 2 mills, the suburban or overlap area will decrease 1.4 mills and the county will increase 5 1 mills. These figures are mis leading because they are based on ' Answer to Previous Puitle tTry lodranrl parental 11 Rabbit ID Pattry 21 Kves (Scot.) 3 3 Snare 25 Mountainous state lab.) ZM-anoVd 27 Knrture Cfl Narrow pari .10 'Buckeye Mate" 31 Boomh one 3 Scatten 41 Kspunccd 42 Lesal point 44 Drunkard 4 Parer 47 Creek- letter 49 Sonnet, for instance ffO Italian coin! M Feminine nami 52 Co to sea 54 Dry comb, form) 55 Girl's nam 5ft Oracle so Twv h 4D.A.RUE5.IE I1MA spill &s. (f Editor the new 1963-19S4 operating budg ets of the four school districts but using the 1962-1963 property valuation as figured on Jan. 1, 1962. No one can say yet how much the 1963 property values and state money offsets will amount to and these will decidedly in fluence lax levies. Figures based on 1962-1963 budg ets using 1962-1963 property val-' uations are more realistic. When we include the $350,000 county se rial levy we get a total county wide budget of $3,259,146. If this amount is levied over the en tire county, each area will pay 37.0 mills for education. The "city" will decrease 2.9 mills, tlie suburban or overlap area will increase 0.1 mills, and the coun ty rural area will increase 2.8 mills. Now, before anyone gets excit ed, please realize that the 2 S mill increase in the county will raise the taxes on a $10,000 home only $7. and on a $ino.ooo ranch $70. Admittedly this is an in crease for the first year for some people in the county. Remember, however, that tlie builtin equaliza tion in the one-county unit plan can also work for the benefit of the rural people as population and assessed values change in years to come and they will change. Vote yes for reorganization. Be sure to protect your pocketbook for all time to come equalization dues it. George F. Kilen. 42H3 Onyx. Ultimate Tlie recent suggestion in ynur "Letters" column regarding using tlie total assessed values of Klam ath County for financing educa tion for all children in the coun ty by the single school district plan, brings to mind a furtlier step, that is. earning this idea tn a state-wide plan, or nation wide. One w-onders if the advocates of the single county school district would support either proposal to ue the total assessed values of the entire state of Oregon tn fi nance tlie education of all children of Oregon, or the same for the Vniied States. U not. for what reason? The principle is tlie same, the only difference is in decree. We already have this to some exlent under the present arrangement, but why continue to take local control from our school systems than we have done to date Equalization of taxes, right or w-xmg. indicates that equalization nf educational opportunities should also be a goal. The county high schools are loo small to provide the wide range of suhjeets avail able at Kl', w ithout adding a cost f.KHor prohibitive in size. Therefore, the only equalization economically feasible is to re duce the curriculum at KU so tha' it WTxild be equal to th.il in the county high schools. Anoth er possibility is to consolidate the county high schools. Educators st.te that to provide what Kl' h.ts would ta'se about l.noii .stu dents It would be necessary to put all county high school students in one schnol to accomplish this IVes this seem sound in a county (lie size of outs'" KU p.itrons slimild consider these Hems before voting June 10 Frank V Olilun.1. r 0. Box 377, Ovloquin. By PETKR EPSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NE.M The World Food Congress of 1,200 delegates from more than 100 na tions, meeting in Washington June 4-18, has set for itself a tremen dous job. It is lu bluc-piinl a plan insuring that everyone will have enough to eat in 2000 A D. This is the 37-year long-range goal or the next generation! The more immediate goal is to insure that there will be no world food shortage crisis by 1980 a mere 17 years away. World population today is three billion people. One third of them or about a billion people are con sidered undernourished and from 300 million to 500 million are un derfed. World food production has been increasing at the rate of about ihreo per cent a year since the end of World War II. World population has been multiplying (aster than that, so there may be two billion undernourished peo ple in 2000 unless planning and action are begun now. An adequate diet is considered 3.200 calorics for a man. 2.300 for a woman. Anyone having less than that may not be facing starvation, but there is a new concept of hunger hidden hun ger. It comes from an insuffi ciency of proper food. It is malnu trition. A man may have enough rice starch and water to fill his body. He may not feel . hunger. But he lacks milk and meat, green and yellow vegetables pro teins, fats and vitamins. Lacking them, he does not raise healthy children. A five-foot-ten man with hidden hunger raises children who grow up to he (ive-foot-two men weighing only 120 pounds, says V. T. Krishnaswamy of India, sec retary general of the World Food Congress. Furthermore, he de clares that a race of five-foot men with hidden hunger has no fight In it to oppose dictators and demand freedom, which is even more important. Viewing the world hy contin ents. North America, Europe and Australia-New Zealand are the only areas with surplus food. Only Argentina and Uruguay in Latin America have enough food and to.sparc. Africa and Asia and particularly lied China arc the great food deficit areas, although individual countries may have a surplus .of one foodstuff to ex port, like Burma's rice. The developed countries that have food surpluses have export ed and shared their abundance with the underdeveloped coun tries. But it is pointed out that By SYDNEY J. HARRIS Purely Personal Prejudices: If three men are sitting in a rnwnoat in the middle of the sea. and one of ihcm drills a hole under the yeat of the second, the boat will sink with all three of them; and only if we understand this can wc un derstand (if not accept the "neu tralism" of so many nations seat ed between us and the Russians in the global rnwnoat. The most awful and lacerat ing relationships are not be tween men and women who do not Invr each olhrr, hut be tween those why. In some rirs perately perverted way, love each nthrr but do not like each othr. Speaking of love, it cunmanly takes the better part of a life time lo come tn terms with the truth nf Micnon McLaughlin's flat assertion (hat "No one has ever loved anyone tlie way everyone wants to be loved." When a man writes a bonk to demonstrate that life has nn es sential meaning, one wonders what meaning 1m can attach to such a rxtnk th;it he cave sn many months of hard work to its composition. rauments turn truths into d's-mas- as 5ion as something up believe to be true is disputed, our attitude hardens and we claim more lor it than we ntlverwise would. Following llns line nf Ihonclit. it is depressinply evident thai truths never alter the convictions of fanatics, but rather increase their resistance: as Oliver Wen dell Hnlmes once put it. in a beau tiful ft cure of speech: "ne mind of a b coi is like the pupil nf the eyp; the more lirjit you pour upon it. tlie more it will contract." No new -lrn baby is dull, hut many adults arc: what happen tn depre. and dtsrouratf llese personalities in (lie early years, so that most merriment is drained out of them? This is the trot question for child psychology; for if all the world's surplus food could be evenly distributed tn food-deficit countries, it would feed the hungry for less than a month. Also, fur an underdeveloped country to depend on food loans ' and grants from more devel oped countries is dangerous busi ness. The important thing is that the underdeveloped countries must be taught to produce their own food. Planning how to do that is an important objective for the World Food Congress. The United States in the last 25 years has multiplied its food production five limes. The De partment of Agriculture and the land grant colleges, established just over a century ago, brought the knowledge of how to produce more and better food to farmers. All this knowledge is available to the underdeveloped countries but it is not applied. This emphasizes another goal to be discussed by the World Food Congress the creation .of more agricultural colleges to train enough technicians to teach under developed natives how to grow enough food to feed themselves and have some surplus to tide them over the bad crop years. At tlie end of the congress ol 12 working days, the hope is that the 1,200 delegates will have half a dozen or more basic poli cies adopted to belp them solve their problems. They must have plans for education and public re lations lo inform their people on what the problem is and how to attack it, for the development of adequate supplies of improved seed, fertilizer and pesticide, for a budget on what all this will cost on a world-wide basis and for each developing, food-shortage nation. The World Fond Congress is being conducted under the aus pices of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, lis director general, R. B. Sen of In dia, will open the congress on June 4 in tlie departmental audi torium and w ill summarize the re sults nf the conference at its final plenary session June 18. The congress will be addressed by President Kennedy, President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan of In dia and U.N. Secretary General U Than! at the opening session. U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Or ville Freeman will also address the opening session and will probably serve as its general chairman. Other important ad dresses will be delivered by his torian Arnold Toynbce of Great Britain. Gunnar Myrdal of Swe den. Dr. M. J. Candau of Cana da, director general of the World Health Organization. STRICTLY PERSONAL h(w can we build an imaginative and responsive social order with so many stilted and pedestrian personalities? Every preat monarch used to keep a Fool at court, not so much to make him laugh as to remind him of the wry paradoxes and inconsistencies of life that no one else would dare to utter; and it is a severe loss in our time that those invested with hich power do not have a privileged Fool to mock their pretensions and ridi cule their decision. A woman who canwt forget that she is wearing a beautiful dress simply rails attention to the fart that she does not feel up lo It.. If a mn said about himself what he says about his country, he would he considered the most arrogant boaster and megalo maniac; yet is not a country the multiplied version of one man, pounding his chest and bragging in all about his demonstrable su periority over oilier men? Al manac Rv I nltrd Prnt International Today is Thursday. June (I. the IS?th dav of lKvl'with 2(W to follow. Tlie moon is approaching full pliae. The morning stars are Venus, .limiter and S.ilurn. Tiw evenins star is Mars. tin this d;iy in history: In ISlfi, ten indies of snow fell in New England beginning tlie so called "year in which there a no summer." In l!ci.l. a mot Kin ptvture "drive in" theater, (he first nf its kind, opened in Camden. X J. In 1X4, D-liay began, the great est invasion tlie world has ever seen, under Ihe romm.ind of (ien. Owicht IV Eisenhower. In leaders of the Secret Army Organization in Algeria ceiled nn their followers to resume terrorist activities against inde pendence groups.
