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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (May 21, 1963)
ULRALI) AND NEWS, KlamaUi Falls, Oregon Tuesday, May II, 196J EDSON IN WASHINGTON . . . African Nations Set Summit Conference fiditouaJL (paqsL - "He Followed Me Home!" PACE Out Of i Despite long-accumulating and ubiqui tous evidence of trouble, the findings of the president's Committee on Youth Employment, released (recently), are appalling. J The present situation is bad enough, tfith 1962 figures showing 600,000 to 800,000 youths between 16 and 21 out of school and out of work and the unemployment rate among Negro young people double that among whites of the same age. But the outlook for 1970, unless cor rective measures are taken quickly, is even more distressing. The 1960s will see 40 per cent more boys and girls coming into the labor market than during the 1950s. Even ijj the current rate of youth unemployment re mains steady, that means nearly l,500,00p filing people will be jobless at the end of fis decade. ' There is no assurance, though, that, without remedial action, the youth unem ployment rate will not increase. An expand ing population of young jobseekers, the re port warns, will find no expansion of openings in occupations that historically have been important sources for beginners. The demand for unskilled workers will remain at about ils present level and for farm workers will rjfop some 20 per cent. ;' Can youngsters now in high school and .Junior high be induced to go on through four or more years of college to prepare for technical or professional openings, expected to increase 40 per cent by 1970? Can those yjth less money, aptitude or ambition be per suaded to advance a little beyond high school to qualify as clerical workers or for some of the anticipated 20 per cent increase Letters Statement . In tlie May 3 issue of the "locomotive Engineer," a month ly bulleUn published by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engi neers for its members, the goals of (he combined brotherhoods ot on-train workers have been out lined. Much publicity has been given to the carriers' side in the present dispute and there may be some who would like lo know just what the union members are ask ing for. So to enlighten those who may be interested I would lite to quote, in part, the pres entation of some of the main is sues and the brotherhood's argu ments for the stand they take. The goals they outline are set forth to benefit the membership, (he railroad industry, and the gen eral public. They arc fair and pre sented by men well trained and knowledgeable in Uie needs of those they represent. The statement is made as fol lows: J'The work-rules dispute arises directly from the carriers' sweep ing demands for sole discretion over the assignment ol firemen helpers in freight and yard serv ice, for sole discretion over other manning requirements, as well, and for the unilateral right lo lengthen runs, combine seniority districts, eliminate mileage regu bjtions, and determine crew Clange points. However, t h e HI E also has a set of rules re quests pending, and genuine mod ernization of the wage-rule struc ture would require that Uicy bn inplemented In the agreements, while the basic intent of the car riers' demands lo shrink the area of collective bargaining and tn impose a greater work load for the same or less compensation must be resisted. "The employes' demands for "All tyitemt art 'Go. I BERRY'S WORLD Yf ZZZZZZZ ( School, Out Of Work To The Editor modernization of the work - rules structure include requests for ade quate overtime provisions, shift dilfercntials, premium pay f o r Sunday and holiday work, com pensation (or away-from-home ex penses, guarantees and improved job protection. "Perhaps, because of the car riers' multi-million dollar adver tising and public relations pro gram to impress the 'featherbed ding' image on Hie public, the employes' goals have been inade quately understood. Productivity figures for rail employes should prove or disprove the 'fcatlier bedding' charges and they do, but a hostile press has paid little attention to them. "Output on the railroads is measured in terms of revenue traffic units, a combination of freight-ton-miles and passenger miles. Between 1921 and I'm revenue traffic units, per railroad employe, increased 242 per cent. Per rail employe man-hour, the increase in the same period was 263 per cent, better than twice the percentage increase in t h e overall, non-agricultural sector ol the economy which saw an in crease for the same period of 127 per cent. "It would seem impossible that the carriers' 'fcathcrbedding' myth can persist much longer in the face of such figures." By Uiis you can see that our railroad men are asking, mainly, for benefils received long ago by others in the labor force of our country. On the other hand light ing to keep hard won rights such as seniority which is the main job protection and srcurily thai they have. There seems to be a pretty gen eral misconception that railroad ers gel tremendous big pay lor doing li'.lle or no work. Nothing could he farther Irom the truth. Moors, fUtt: in sales, managerial and proprietary jobs' What can be done about those who decline to get as much education as their resources, fi nancial and intellectual, permit? Most of the recommendations of the President's Committee, aimed at producing positive answers to these questions, are im pressive in their scope and common sense. And, naturally, most of them involve planning, action and expenditures by public agencies at local, state and federal levels. They concen trate on improving the quality and quantity of schooling and vocational guidance, special training for drop-outs, better co-ordination at the local level of all agencies concerned with youth and experiments designed to open up more part-time work and study opportunities. In the private sector, they call upon la bor unions to relax barriers to apprentice ships and they ask employers to re-examine hiring, training and promotion policies par ticularly as they apply to youths under 21. All this is fine, as far as it goes. But none of it even if implemented to the max imum will bring to the safe harbor of ma turity and regular, gainful employment many jobless young people the report says have never acquired the self-discipline needed to hold a steady job, many others who have not learned to find satisfaction and personal ful fillment through work and still others who are wholly unrealistic about the kind of jobs for which they are qualified. It is easy to say that such problems be long to the home and the church. They do, of course. But they also belong to every adult, whose behavior and values contribute to the standards we call American civilization. There is a set limitation on miles in a month's time and this in turn limits earnings which are based mainly on miles traveled while working. So even if a man were willing to endanger h i s health by working conUnuously with inadequate rest, he would still be limited in the amount he could earn. And after deductions of taxes, life and hospital insur ancc, retirement funds, union dues, etc., I can assure you the take home pay is anything but tremendous. In fact, many men during the younger, leaner years of railroad service must find ad ditional work or their wives hold jobs to make financial ends meet. The Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers observed their centen nial celebration in Detroit, Mich , the city of its birth, May S -May 8. High tribute was paid to members of the organization, many of whom gathered from all over the United States and Can ada to observe the occasion. .Many letters of congratulation and commendation were received, among them letters from Prime Minister Pearson of Canada and President Kennedy. The Presi dent's letter reads, in part: "History defines the debt that Ihis country owes to the men and women who built and who oper ate our railroads. The Brother hood of Locomotive Engineers, oldest of railroad organizations, can take justifiable pride in its traditions of responsibility and achievement. The last century is a warrant that the future will be characterized by similar contri butions to your membership and to the country at large." We received in tins morning's mail a copy of a special maga zine section which was printed in the May S issue of the New York Times commemorating the centennial of Ihe Ul.E. It is too bad it couldn't have had wiiici publication as it would help peo ple understand more clearly Ihe employes' side in the present ne gotiations. The union members must lake a firm stand on many issues; merg ers that threaten jobs and would lurther monopolistic rule of the big companies, the cry of pov erty by Ihe carriers which has been disproved by facts and lig ui'cs except in a few cases of small minor lines, and Uie vast cloud of "featherbedding" charges that overshadow all other points ol setllement and which has un dermined the pride in doing a necessary joh which is the right of all men, firemen included. The working force of train crews has already been cut about 15 per cent by Ihe increased tonnage ear ned by dicsel locomotives over steam power but management would sec an additional 40.000 men join Ihe ranks ol the unemployed by eliminating firemen-helpers in freight and yard service. Still they concede Ihe necessity of hav ing firemen on passenger trains are they no less needed on trains carrying important freight or on engines twitchiig trains in cilies and towns over countless sheet crossings where traffic plays a hazardous rote? Mis. D. L. McCaskey By SYDNEY J. HARRIS In my recent piece on "left handed thinking," which dealt with our resistance to changes of thought, I menUoned the hard time given to new ideas in sci ence, from Harvey on the circula tion of the blood to Freud on the role of the unconscious. We might expect that Freud would be bitterly opposed, because he. alter all. dragged into the light the repressed sexual conflicts of people, and outraged the social conventions as well as the medi cal convictions of his age. But why should people and Uie medical profession as much as anyone have objected to William Harvey's discovery of the circula tion of the blood? His investiga tions did not embarrass "morali ty." nor did his theory have any theological or philosophical conse quences, as Darwin's did a few centuries later. Nevertheless, Harvey could hardly find the courage to publish his results, even after many years of dissecting no fewer than 80 spe cies of animals, including reptiles, crustaceans and insects. When he finally published, he dedicated the book to King Charles, hoping il would receive a more sympa thetic hearing and in the dedica tion compared Uie king and the realm to Uie heart and the body. It seems almost incredible, but Harvey confided in a letter to a colleague that his theory on the quantity and the source of blood: ". . . . is of so novel and un-hcard-of character that I not only fear injury to myself from Ihe Baseball Pilot ACROSS 40Othrwn 1 Sporls figure, 41 Legislator TVbbtMU 43 Term in rritket 7 He manages the 4rt At that time Mevrland 47 Meadow 13 Mountain nymphs 14 Sewing implement 15 Milk-curdling substance 1 Greek slabs 17 Hustle IB Air (comb. forim 20 of an Inning 21 Kntrealefl 24 Let the ball foul C7 AtirmhliM HI Operatic solo 3 Biblical boat builder .13 Hindu robe 34 tiimie tcomb. forml so Kinder M liars leeallv 5.i Moon goddest 56 Nautical term (Pit R7 30 tKM 58 Thoroughfare UOW N 1 Agnatic wind 2 Atie(rvi 3 City m Nevada 4 Masculine nickname M'topian 6 Pme Internal portion SNrme 9 hnslith Mrram 10 Cnocnipied 11 Wolfhound 12 Require lQScrtfih 1 12 13 14 15 IS I 17 18 19 10 111 112 13 U 15 i6 "" i " I i ' J1 21 22 23 24 25 p6 "T27 28 129 30 3 1111 3J 31 3l 35 36 7T 1T"I 45 41 42 45f " ""15 f''4 48 49 50 51 52 " 53 54 . 57 58 I i M.WMWrLR LNTLKi'Klsb A.vV wfk il ' Arw 111 i f v- STRICTLY PERSONAL envy of a few, but I tremble lest I have mankind at large for my enemies so much do habit and custom, that become as another nature, and doctrine once sown and. that hath struck deep root, and respect lor antiquity, influence all men; still the die is cast, and my trust is in my love of truth, and the candour that inheres in cultivated minds." . As Prof. V. I. B. Bcveridge remarks: "His. fears were well founded for he was subjected to derision and abuse and his prac tice suffered badly. Only aflcr a struggle of 20 years did the cir culation of Uie blood become gen erally accepted." 1 highly recom mend, by the way, Beveridge's book. "The Art of Scienlific In vestigation." now available in a Vinlage paperbook for $1.25.1 - The human race, it seems, can not be reminded too often and too forcibly that our thought process es tend to grow mechanical and habit-lorming: that anyone who dares lo challenge these processes becomes abused, ridiculed, feared and finally hated. It is worth suf fering a thousand crack-pots rath er than close our ears to one true genius who calls into question our fondest beliefs. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS q Which Is the oldest college In the United Slates? A Harvard University. First classes were held in 1638. q What cabinet post did Patrick Henry decline? A Secretary of slate. Answer to Prcviout Puitlt M College cheer 39 He his learn 4J HesinnmE 4;i For (ear that 44 Above 4.1 cotton bundle 47 No points scored ttennis 4R Dueling weapon 4f Helper tab,) 5! Low haunt S2 Suffi 64 Threefold comb fnrm 12 uri .rr. past 24 (irate 2'. Verbal 2fi Hurrit-Eurdy 2achnstma sons Schools of hales 30 Font covering 3tiSmbol (or tellurium 37 Pinner roire NQVEN Alls 5 c?A'S"S saihird 21 of Abraham OTHER EDITORS' OPINIONS This Week's Advice (WICHITA EAGLE) Parents already reeling from the barrage of contradictory ad vice on raising children have been dealt another left hook to the convictions. An outfit called Psychological Associates has done a survey, and says pampered children do betler than others when they leave the (amily and face the world. The ones who stay on the job, say the associates, are those who are allowed to put their earnings in' their own pockets and do with them what they please. And the steady, reliable ones are those whose parents have spent some time making the rounds of muse ums, art shows and circuses with them. The associates advise: "Pam per them, let them have money, offer to match the amount they save, and you'U raise up highly motivated, dependable job-holders" That, at least, is this week s advice. It is not guaranteed to be in effect much longer than that. Products Cheaper, Services Costlier (Hellsville (X.Y.) Dally Reporter) Two different but related statis tics show the trend of costs we can expect for the foreseeable future. Since the 1157 59 period the retail price of refrigerators has declined nine per cent, while in the same period the average cost of a haircut went up 12 per cent. Automation was responsible for the reduction of costs in refrigera tors but cutting hair still must be done by hand, and it costs more every year. These are not isolated cases. Consumer prices lor most other durable goods pro duced automatcdly show the same trend. We don't really expect to see the time our household appliances will be so inexpensive, and our service costs so expensive, that it will pay to throw the appliances auay when they break down. !:;( than have ihern fixed. But we are headed in that direction. Almanac Bv lilted Press International Today is Tuesday, May 21, the 14!st day of VM3 with 224 to follow. The moon is approaching its new phase. The morning stars are Venus. .Iiipiter and Saturn. I he evening star is Mais. Those born today are under the sign ol Gemini. On this day in history: In 18.12. what is considered lo be the first Democratic National Convention got under way at Bal timore, In 1!M1. a German submarine sank the U.S. merchant ship Rob in Moor in mid-Atlantic. In liMd, President Harry S. Tru man sent a sixt-ia! message n Congress proposing statehood (or Alaska. In t'.vs, the American Medical Association labeled President Ken nedy's proposed medicare legisla tion ' cruel hoax ." A thought for the da English poet Chaucer said: "Boaters by nature are from truth aloof." By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON NEA - The first African summit conference to be held in Addis Ababa, Ethio pia, May 23-25 is of considerable interest in Washington and all oth er non-African capitals throughout the world. They will be watching to see what comes out of it. The heads of 32 independent Af rican nations-all of them except South Africa, which was not in vited because of its racial policies -have said they will be there. The list includes Nasser, Nkru mab, Toure, Adoula, Ben Bella, Tubman, and others less well known. - No outside observers will be ad mitted to the conference sessions. They are even excluding repre sentatives of the 19 still depend ent territories of Africa Angola, Mozambique, Basutoland, South west Africa, Northern and South ern Rhodesia and the smaller colo nies. Emperor Haile Selassie who as head of the oldest continuous gov ernment in Africa will be host to the gathering has announced three main objectives: To speed independence for those areas still dependent. To lay the basic foundations for African unity and to exchange views that will raise living stand ards for the African people and improve their economic, cultural and political condition. To formulate a universal Afri can Charter which would bring together those charters which pre viously have been drafted by the Casablanca, Monrovia and Mala gasay groups. The emperor's list does not men tion the Arab League of 13 states, seven of which are in Africa, six in Asia's Near East. Complete African unity, if it is ever to be achieved, must include, of course, the North African Arab states. Admittedly one of the greatest obstacles of the Addis Ababa con ference will be to reconcile the ambitions of President Nasser's United Arab Republic with the so called Black Africa south of the Sahara. Among topics likely to be dis cussed are mutual defense, tariff and trade between African coun tries, communications, common currency and exchange, research and economic services for all member states. The most thai can be expect WASHINGTON REPORT Udall Plan Would Curtail Industry By FULTON LEWIS JR. Stewart Lee Udall, Washington's answer to David Thorcau, has his eye on a little spot near Calhoun Falls, S C.. a wooded retreat 276 miles up the river from Savannah. But Udall, outdoor enthusiast that he is. does not plan to com mune there with nature. He w ants, instead, to build a massive chromium-plated federal project called the Trotter Shoals Dam. A former Congressman who serves now as Secretary of In terior. Udall is piqued that many ol his old colleagues are less than enthusiastic about the scheme. Ohio's Rep. Bill Harsha, who came to Congress w hen Udall left in 1961. calls the plan an "econom ic nightmare." He points out that the dam, to cost taxpayers $78.7 million, would take 22.000 acres of land off the tax rolls. Only a handful of workers would find permanent employment. What happens if I'dall doesn't build the dam? 1. The Mead Paper Corpora tion w 'll build a $40 million plant on the site, employing some 1.4O0 workers. Good jobs for 650 more would be provided at the mill and 4S0.000 cords of pulpwood worth IS million would be used annual ly. The pulpwood would put lo work another 2.500 men on near by farms and woodlands. 2. Duke Power Company will build a steamsite at the spot, at a cost of $210 million, almost two and a half times the federal in vestment. More than l.ooo men would be employed during con struction and 135 more upon com pletion The company would spend $24 million a year for coal, this would be purchased from the economically depressed coalfields of Kentucky. Virginia, and West Virginia. It would require the use ol iWono railroad cars a year. The Duke plant would produce 25 times as much power as the fed eral dam. 11 would Rood only sev en per cent as much land as Ihe federal project It is land, inci dentally, now owned hv trw cnm. pany. 3 The Mead plant would pay $3 8 million in locai, stale anil ed from the conference is forma tion of a Pan-African Union, sim ilar to the Organization of Ameri can States. If a permanent charter cannot be agreed upon at tins first Alii, can Summit, for later ratification by signatory governments, at least a secretariat and a general head quarters for such a regional or ganization may be authorized. U.S. policy is to promote unifi cation in Africa to strengthen the new governments and break up Balkanization of Africa into many weak states that cannot be made self-supporting. If for no other reason, Africa is important to the United States in the United Nations, where it now has almost a third of the votes. Africa is by no means econom- ically independent today, though il has vast undeveloped re sources. Total foreign aid to Afri ca from all sources last year was between $2.5 and $3 billion. This included $700 million from the U.S. government, $600 million from Russia, more than $1 billion from Europe. U.N. technical as sistance. World Bank loans and private investment made up the balance. Creation of the new Pan-African organization would not necessarily mean dissolution of the seven smaller regional groups already in existence. The principal African groupings new functioning are: lnter-Afritan Malagasy Organiz ation IAMO: 19 Central African states, the former Monrovia group which met at Lagos, Nigeria, in January. African and Malagasay Union UAM: an active group of 13 for mer French colonies, now inde pendent states. Council of the Entente: (our small west African states which are also members of IAMO and UAM, organized in 1959. Equatorial States: another sub regional group of four states which have a common market and exter nal tariff. Casablanca Charter States: six north African Arab states which first met in January 1961 but "hich have not met since. East African Common Service Organization EASCO: four for mer British colonies which might eventually federate. - Pan-African Freedom Movement for East, Central and Southern Africa. federal laxes each year. Duke Power would pay another $13 mil lion. Over a 50-year-period, this would amount to roughly $a50 million. "But this." Congressman Har sha sajs. "is only Ihe begin ning. Experience has taught us that as lliese plants are built, allied services and industries move into the area providing fur ther investment and more perma nent jobs. "The additional payrolls are ad ditional inducements to new in dustry. Land and property values around these developments in- (I!f SC' addins more revenues. To lc. bouse, clothe, educate, transport, provide medical care, hospitalization, and hundreds of other services humans need, would employ additional hun dreds of people." i -a !,e A kcy solon "PPos'nS l dall Dam is South Carolina Sen. Strom Thurmond. He tells my assistant, Bill Schulz, tliat Udall's scheme would "create an indus trial desert in the great South east." "The secretary wants to flood more than 20.000 acres of valu able land." says Senator Thur mond, "including some of the country's best industrial sites. Not only would he prevent Duke and Mead from building plants and providing jobs but he would pre vent other firms, too. who wish lo build along die (ree-flowing water of the Savannah River." Vice President Lyndon Jolinson has been urged by close associates l resign and run for the U.S. Senate all over again. Longtime advisers have asked nim to challenge incumbent Sen. Ralph Yarborough in Texas' Dem ocratic primary next spring. Johnson and Yarborough. a left wing Democrat, have battled for years. Only LBJ. (lie vice presi dent loid. can be sure of taking care of Mr. Yarborough once and lor all. Johnson insists, however, lhat he will continue as vice president and run for reelection with John Kennedy in November, I9M.
