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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 16, 1961)
: PAGE -A dttoiiaf (pUjf& ' " Is it better to be "Red than dead"? : London's intellectuals led by the eminent 89-year-old philosopher Bertrand Russell pres ently seek to persuade Britons that it would be preferable to live in Communist slavery rather than die as free men in an atomic war. The influential book publisher Victor Gollancz even suggested recently that Prime Minister Macmillan should proclaim his readi ness to negotiate with Nikita Khrushchev "alone," "naked" and "unconditionally." Lord Russell and Gollancz, of course, have never been subjects of a Communist state. They live in a free society which toler ates their eccentricities and "civil disobed ience." But in East Germany today ordinary men and women prefer death to life In Walter Ul bricht's Communist state. In addition to the scores who still risk their lives to escape to West Berlin, each day 25 people in East Bcr- lin commit suicide because they would rather be dead than Red. The information comes from doctors who are still permitted to work in East Berlin al though they live in West Berlin.. Apart from the 25 a day who succeed in ' the attempt, between six and 12 persons are taken to hospitals after unsuccessful attempts at suicide. According to the West Berlin doc- It's About Time ..."'"It Is probably just as well that the Senate plans to look into charges that the Pentagon is muzzling the generals and admirals and in terfering with the anti-Communist education of military personnel. So much confusion surrounds these mat ters now, that a decent airing of the issues is almost essential. As just one instance, the examples Sen. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina often cites of "anti-Communist" material stricken from military men's speeches sound like phrases we encounter in print every day. ; We need to know why they have been de leted. We also need to have it demonstrated why such commonplace phrases ("the world wide threat of international communism") are so vital to our enlarged understanding of communism as Thurmond and others claim. fir He Is a tall, dark boy. There is a modest urgency in his voice, as though he has much to say but he is afraid to inflict all of it on you at once. He is Puerto Rican by birth. His name is Vic tor Alicea and he lives in East Harlem, a gangrenous bone in the body of New York. The voice Is musical and he speaks with the grace of the Span iards. He is 23, and works with three of New York City's 250 street gangs. Victor Allcen knows them well. He should. He used to be a member. "One night about six years ago I was at a Christmas Eve parly. Some fellow in the gang got an O.p. (Overdose; narcotics). They took him away to the hospital. That night I decided to break out of the club. Had to be something better than street gangs." We sat talking about teen-agers who try too hard to prove that they are men. There Is an ele gance in Alicea's hands and I listened with my eyes on them. "Nobody likes to live in East Har lem. Nobody. If the people had a choice, they would live anywhere else. The grownups have their own troubles. "I was little when I left Puerto Rico. Before we got on Uie plane, my parents heard about racial discrimination in New York. When we got to New York, wt found the Italians had one part, the Puerto R leans had a middle sec tion, and the Negroes were on the other side. Nobody was allowed to walk outside his own part. That way man could get hurt. The street gang that was something else. All of them oper ate almost the same. They have HERALD AND NEWS Klamath Falls, Orffoi British Pacifists tors, the most shocking aspect is the high per centage of young people turning to suicide. Surely this is a convincing, if tragic an swer to Lord Russell's assertion that it's bet ter to be Red than dead. Men and women who cherish freedom prefer death to slavery. Russell may not be convinced. As Magis trate Wilson, who recently sentenced him to seven days imprisonment for his part in "Ban the Bomb" demonstrations, said: "Great men are not always wise; neither do the aged un derstand judgment." The tolerant magistrate was quoting from the Book of Job. The tragedy is that Lord Russell is backed by a host of British writers, actors, Labor Members of Parliament and other "in tellectuals." The intellectual mood in London is ominously reminiscent of the United States in the 1930s when assorted show business stars with guilt complexes turned parlor Reds to atone for their undeserved affluence while the rest of the nation was suffering from an eco nomic depression. It would be unfair to the British to sug gest that neutralist and anti-American opinion is dominant in Britain. But those who hold these views are an influential and vocal minor ity. Pacificism, of course, has a long and even honored tradition in Britain. In 934, another earl, Lord Cecil, called on Britons to sign his peace ballot and refuse to take up arms against Hitler. . . In the end, Brjtons fought and died brave ly for their freedom as, we are convinced, they would do again if Khrushchev challenged their integrity. But Lord Cecil's campaign was one of the steps on the road that led to Munich, which is today a dirty word in Britain. Hitler was de luded by the peace balloteers of the 1930s into believing that Britain would never come to the aid of its European allies. A similar danger exists today. Khrush chev believes that Britain is his "hostage." Taking his cue from such as Russell and Gol lancz, he may feel inclined to go to the limit in his demands of Berlin rather than take the path of a negotiated settlement. Thus Russell and his associates, far from' having prevented an atomic disaster, might help to spark it. The choice for the free world is not be tween atomic war and existence under commu nism. The choice is between meaningful ne gotiations and the self;dissolution of the West, which will surely come of a surrender of West Berlin. JIM BISHOP: REPORTER . . . Street Gangs Chief Evi In City's Teeming Areas a president and a war council and a war lord. Each one has a territory with a boundary line. No boy dares to walk outside that line unless he mnkes arrange ments." What arrangements? A big slow smile came with the answer. "All clubs know the members of rival clubs. If they catch you in their territory, somebody's going to be hurt bad and it's going to be you. So, If you have a date with a girl who lives in another terri tory, you call up and ask permis sion. They usually say okay. If they catch you out of your own territory shopping with your moth er, they won't do anything. They let you go." Boys of 14 join the street gangs because it is dangerous not to. Any boy who lives in n gang neighborhood and who does not apply for merXiership is eli gible for beatings and possible maiming. Once he attains mem bership, he is bound by rules. He treats the girlfriends of oth er members with elaborate re spect. He gets to know the faces of rival gang members in adjoin ing territory. If his war council votes to jitterbug (to go to war), he will fight with fists, clubs, switchblade knives and, if neces sary, a gun. Wars remain active for long pe riods. One in Brooklyn has been going on between two teen-age gangs (or 17 years. Some ol the original fighters are now married and have families of their own. but new members keep the war going. It will continue until one side or the other asks to make it "cool." This is a plea for peace. All wars are under no fire truces at Christmas and Easter. Monday. October II, 1M1 One boy walked through a rival territory after Easter. This was unfortunate. Three members of the other gang were practicing with a .22 rifle on a roof. They saw him. He wore a neat black bloodless hole in his head as he fell. The marksman, just 17, is now serving 20 years to life. The inner fight is for something called stains. The boys are eager to be men before their time and they want to, prove it. Coupled with this Is r feeling of being de spised by "outsiders." Outsiders are any people whose background and customs are different. Thus, If the teen-ager is not permitted to join the brotherhood of man, he will fight it, He feels better, as an outlaw, than he would as an inelfectual mult. There are 50.000 juvenile delin quents In New York. Of these. 9.000 belong to street gangs. And of the 9,000 about 000 are mem bers of Suicide Squads, the little core of each gang willing to go nut to ambush, maim or kill a rival gang member. Most of them have seldom been out of their neighborhoods. Vic tor shook his head ruefully. "A man took three of them to dinner in town. They had nver been to Times Square. When they saw the big menu with steaks and chops and soups, they didn't know what to say so they told the waiter to bring three hamburgers." Alicea's job is to convince the young gang members that they can be bigger men by breaking away from the herd and playing it alone. "I'm working with the 12-year-olds too," he says mod estly. "I'd like to get some before they join." . . . 'Something's The World At Stake Unstable Satellites Forcing Khrushchev To Brinkmanship By LEON DENNEN Newspaper Enterprise Analyst NEW YORK (NEA) - Russia never intended does not intend now to engage in a military con flict over Berlin. Premier Khru shchev, through blackmail, hopes to get important concessions from the West without fighting a war. This Is the consensus of Yugo slav Communist officials who know every twist and turn of So viet foreign policy. At the Belgrade conference of nonaligned nations I also discussed the Berlin question with leaders of the neutralist countries of Asia and Africa and with top East; German Communists. They agreed that when the West merely stood by while East Ger many's Walter Ulbricht built the concrete wall that divides Berli.i Al manac By United Press International Today is Monday, Oct. 16. the 289th day of the year with 76 to follow in I9fil. The moon is approaching its first quarter. The morning star is Venus. The evening stars are Jupiter and Saturn. On this day in history: In 1846, tlie first operation with a patient under ether anesthesia was performed at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. In 1839, abolitionist John Brown staged a raid on Harper's Ferry, Va. He seized a hotel, arsenal, firehouse and 30 townspeople. He said his objective was to free the nation's Negroes. In 1888. American playwright Eugene O'Neill was born. A thought for today: Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius said: "Receive wealth or position with out arrogance, and be ready to let it go." Weil-Known Names ACROSS Hi S. secretary or state 3 Mr. Franklin socialist Mm 12 Opposed 13 Swies canton 14 Gnat Lake 15 Caaaa 16 PIHer 6 Lovt pod 7 Pn point 8 Famoui hanrilctpped Heln 9Sed pod 10 Sinwr Stevens 11 Incline 19 Finiih 30 Hebrew month 7Mona- 22 High cartu 30 Kmcee Steve 34 Wattt allowance 31 Office holders 32 American humorist 25 Mm. Roosevelt's first name 2 Dispatched 3 "Gone With Tht HI j1" Wind" heroine 38 ..".'i'.L, 30 Flavor 91 Equal S3 Stir S3 Vase 34 Opentle soprano SS Uil claim 3 Tidiest as Comedian Jack J Mr. UnUetter 40 Sack 41 Rely 44 More decorated 41 Skin protuberaac 49 Poem 30 Ripped 01 "Gloomy Dean" s: Expire S3 Gire out 34 Equalled S3 Conjunct!? 34 Omnia! coins DOWN 1 Skin erupttoo 1 Prepeertoa Pec 4 Rntiah author t Dentists' dnilt Wrong With Our Khrushchev won a major vic tory in his war of nerves Gerhard Edelmann. chief editor of Radio East Berlin and a lop East Ger man Communist propagandist said: "As far as Premier Khrushchev and the East German leaders are concerned the division of Germany and Berlin is now an accom plished fact." A Yugoslav official told me: "Sure, the Russians want to ne gotiate. But from now on Khru shchev will negotiate about West Berlin only." ' The Soviet Premier has now much to gain from a Summit con ference on Berlin. He obviously hopes to get some Western recog nition for the East German Com munist" regime which also would "legalize" the division of Berlin. Khrushchev also will maneuver to detach West Germany from NATO and split the Atlantic alliance. Before sitting down with the So viet premier at the diplomatic bargaining table President Ken nedy and the Western leaders will thus do well to consider again not only Russia's atomic strcngtn but also her political and econom ic liabilities. It is sheer folly to assume as some of our diplomats seem to dc that only the people in the West fear an atomic war. The Russians, who lost 25 million men in the war against Hitler, also live in mortal (ear of armed con flict. I have before me confirmed reports of widespread anxiety be hind tiie Iron Curtain caused by Russia's resumption of atomic testing and fear of war over Ber lin. There is panic buying in Po land and Czechoslovakia. East Eu ropeans hoard large stocks of food, purchase gold and draw on their sav'ings accounts. There are not many men and women in Russia, Poland or Czechoslovakia who want lo die Answer to Previous Pimle m 39 Maacullne nickname, 31 former 40 Raise 41 Taunt 42 Hindu queen. 4.1 Incus 44 Norse eod 45 volume 4 Emerald Isle 47 P.ota flai 49 Harem room etiquette authority 94 Impudent 3S Emissaries 37 Sampled 38 Forbid us I sSi-MIl lglA tiipl N o v sT uTaYl sTTbT a fr 5Tp1 as o i c tI ,' 1 n a aign 9 ST t '1L a 6 IB a t 1 tile I ilitlilSlSlwi tta-ttItIi i ii p r- i p p I is p ii6 nv n rj n r, n rj a p pi n rrp-s- :: ptpm a f rft ZZZ EE Z 11 W W rju u id uj a Y h 51 ' 55 S3 H 9 S B Measurements" for Walter Ulbricht. Khrushchev's East German puppet is undoubted ly the most hated man even among top Communists of East ern Europe. Why then did Russia insist on creating the crisis over Berlin? Oddly enough it was Khrushchev himself who provided the answer in an important speech over Rus sian radio and television. His .ar guments have also been printed in the magazine Kommunist which is compulsory reading for top Communists throughout the world. Here is what Khrushchev said: "If the U.S.S.R. decided not to sign a peace treaty with East Germany the capitalist powers would demand the liquidation of the socialist regime in the Ger man Democratic Republic." If the Western powers achieved that, Khrushchev said, "then, of course, they would set about tak ing from Poland and Czechoslo vakia the territories returned to them under the Potsdam agree- mcnt." Khrushchev in effect told the world Communist leaders that failure to gain Western recogni tion for Ulbricht's wobbly regime might eventually force Russia to abandon East Germany altogeth er. , This might well result in the collapse of Red rule and Russian influence in Poland, Czechoslova kia and in the other of Moscow's East European satellites. This was certainly the most re vealing statement ever made by a top Kremlin leader on Soviet for eign policy in Europe. Its significance lies in the ad mission that the real reason for Khrushchev's brinkmanship is the instability of the Red regimes in Eastern Europe and primarily Ul bricht's "government", in East Germany. Communist control of East Ger many maintained by a regime backed exclusively by Russian armed force must therefore he confirmed and recognized by the Western powers. The choice in the Berlin crisis, then, is facing not only the West but also Russia. Khrushchev has to decide how far he can go to bolster communism in East Ger many and in the satellite nations. This is a crucial fact the West ern leaders must consider before they make hasty and unnecessary concessions to Khrushchev in an effort to avoid an armed conflict over Berlin. Now is the time to preserve calm nerves while appreciating Communist difficulties. Peace and freedom in our harsh era cannot he gained through appease ment. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Q Was Luther Burbank buaird In a garden? A Yes. In his Santa Rosa. Calif . gardens. Q What American Presldrnl was preceded and succeeded In office by the same man? A Benjamin Harrison, who was preceded and succeeded by Presi dent Grover Cleveland. Q Who was Byerly Turk? A The famous Oriental stallion which was imported into En eland to start the breed we call "thoroughbred." EDSON IN WASHINGTON . . . There's Plenty New' In Ag Credit Plan By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA I - Any doubts that U.S. commercial farming has become a big busi ness should soon be removed by a huge expansion of Department of Agriculture's farm credit pro grams. They are something none of the Communist countries and few of the underdeveloped countries have. But those countries may have to imitate the American private en terprise systems if they are to become self-sufficient agricultur ally. "American farmers now have a businessman's approach to cred it," says' Gov. R. B. Tootcl o( the Farm Credit Administration. "If convinced it will pay them to borrow, they borrow." Last year, 173,000 U.S. farmers were using Farmers Home Admin istration credit. They borrowed a record $396 million, raising the loans outstanding to nearly $1.5 billion. Meanwhile,' 23.000 U.S. farmers have paid off their FHA loans in full, Though the number of U.S. com mercial (arms has dropped 30 per cent in the last eight years, the amount of government supervised farm credit has jumped 120 per cent. This is expected to increase fur ther under the new credit pro grams authorized in the 1901 farm bill recently passed by Congress and signed by President Kennedy. The Legislation recognizes that modern farming is a high-cost operation. It requires a larger land base, heavier farm machin ery and more electrification for efficient and economic operation under today's squeezed-down prof its on each unit of farm produc tion. Heretofore, the limit on the amount of money a farmer could borrow under Department of Agriculture-supervised credit pro grams has been based on the av erage farm value in each county. The national average is a little over $40,000. Under the new regulations, ef THE DOCTOR Anti-Diabetic Pill Shows Some Promise By HAROLD T. HYMAN, M.D.. Q How effective are the pills for diabetes? Are they better than insulin injections? A In a study conducted over a 3-year period at the Joslin Clinic, the newest anti-diabetic pill DBI or phenformini was found to he 82 per cent effective. And with this splendid accomplishment there were no evidences of tox icity or significant side effects in the 55 patients who participated in these tests. Of particular interest is the fact that 43 of the 55 patients had pre viously been taking insulin injec tions. And of these 43. all but three were able to reduce their daily insulin doses an average of 33 per cent. In the words of the investigat or, "when DBI is properly used and tolerated, there are often 1 1 1 increased stability and 2). fewer hypoglycemia reactions How blood sugar or insulin shock)." As a result, "Some of the pa tients have been transformed from a precarious and disabling state, hovering between the demiworlds of uncontrolled diabetes and se vere hypoglycemic reactions, to lives of economic and social use fulness." Needless to say, the use of DIM requires expert supervision by a trained physician. Q What can be done for heart irregularities? My heart skips conlinuously for days and then not at all. My electrocardiogram is normal. My doctor gave me quinidine pills but they did no good. If this keeps up I'll soon be a nervous wreck. Sometimes I fear it will never resume beat ing. A In Ihe first place, an occa sional heart irregularity in a per son who has a normal electro cardiogram and is otherwise well is no cause for concern. If you permit this unimportant disturbance to make you a "nerv ous wreck." you are indulging yourself, at the expense of your family and yourself. Secondly, the important consid eration in the case of the "skipped or dropped beat" is an investiga tion of its cause. And frequent causes are exces sive intake of cafieine i coffee, lea and especially iced coffee and tea, made much stronger and taken in larger quantities'; tobacco poison ing; and the side actions of cer tain d.4is. especially powerful ap petite depressants, pep-up pills 'dexadrine etc.t. thyroid extracts and nasal decongestants inhala tions and drops to shrink the swol len membrane1. Q-Is it tnihat menial retard fective Oct. IS, loans to buy and enlarge farms may now be made on any family farm if its total in debtedness is not more than $0, 000 when the deal is closed. This will cover not only pur chase of farm real estate but also a maximum of a $35,000 operating loan for farm machinery, live stock, seed, feed and fertilizer to get going. The former limit was $20,001). These loans can be made by FHA directly, where no other source of credit is available. They muy also be made by local hanks under FHA guarantee. The bank gets 4.5 per cent interest and FHA collects 'a per cent insurance. The former charge was 1 per cent and the bankers got 4. What's more, loans may now be made for full 100 per cent of valu ation instead of the former 90 per cent limit. So it's a better deal for all par ties concerned. Farm purchase loans may be made for 40 years. But since 1937 it has been FHA experience that the average loan is paid oft in about 17 years. Operating loans may be made for seven years as in the past, but renewals may be made for five years, instead of three. In terest rate remains 5 per cent. Operating loans may also include educational loans to send a farm boy through agricultural college. Another big expansion is expect ed in loans to parttime farmers with outside jobs and income. They . may borrow to buy and enlarge or improve small (arms. Prev iously, loans were limited to full time commercial (armcrs. Small loans for farm improve ment may now be made without a mortgage. A team of Agriculture Depart ment officials under John Baker, director of credit services, is tour ing the country this month for meetings with field officers to ex plain these new programs. The new credit plans for rural housing and rural area economic development will also be explained lo local officials who will make the loans. SAYS ation can be delected in babies through a urine test? A It is, most certainly. The test is absurdly simple and consists of the appearance of a blue-green to grey-green coloration that ap pears immediately after the test solution or paper is placed on the wet diaper. What makes the test of such importance is the fact that babies whose retardation is due to the condition detected in this simple fashon (phenylketonuria! can be greatly helped by dietary means. Your doctor can explain Ihe "low phenylalanine diet." Dear Reader: Dr. Hyman ap preciates your comments and questions but regrets tliat the hea vy volume of his mail doesn't per mit him to answer each individ ual letter or post card. However, he will comment in columns like the above upon matters of gen eral or unusual interest.. For a copy of Dr. Hyman's leaflet "Your Heart: angina pec toris," send 10 cents to Dr. Hy man. care Herald and News, Box 49, Dept. B. Radio City Station, New York 19. N.Y. ' THEY SAY... I'm all (or free enlerprise and against subsidies in principle. But what I want is equality. The gov ernment now subsidizes air trans porlation. auto transportation, trucking and waterways. If they will end these subsidies. O.K. Then we can compete on an equal basis. . . . But that ain't going to hap pen. -George Apert. president of bank nipt New Haven Railroad. In Ihe present international ten sion, the opposing parties are claiming peaceful intentions but seem to be trying to document their sincerity through the violence of threats and terror. The press, in turn, is underlining almost with plea-ire Ihe current dramatic exchancc. spreading a disquieting p diosis of expect So. Vatican Radio We are living in a world which is becoming increasingly monolo nous. ... In 20 years you will not know whether you are in Rio or Birmingham. -British srlenllst. writer J. B. Prtentlev.
