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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 14, 1958)
PAGE EIGHT HERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON SUNDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1958 if 4 v ; lalaria May Be Wiped )ut In World During lext Twenty Five Years BIG SPRINGS GRADE SCHOOL THE BIG SPRINGS Siskiyou Community Of Big Springs Is Friendly Oasis Of Fertile Plenty By J. O. McKINNEY Big Springs, in central Siskiyou County, is a name given to a rural school district, an irrigation system, a dairying community, a duck hunting club and the entire neighborhood adjacent to the big springs for which all the others are named. All of the designations represent outstanding entries in their class. The school district has an $85. 000 rural structure in which stu dents of the neighborhood are in structed in surroundings as elab orate as those in town. The irri gation system covers 2.280 acres of soil built up from an old lake bed and covered with volcanic ashes. It is fertile in the extreme, and as well watered as it needs to be. The duck hunting club's member ship is restricted and expensive: while tall silos and huge dairy herds attest to the excellence in this line. The big springs flow fully 10.000 gallons of pure water per minute which supplies the district, a ranch that is supplied by gravity flow, and sends a good sized creek into Shasta Fiver. The local d i s trict draws 3,375 gallons per min ute out of the spring's 10-acre reservoir, while the other uses take care of the rest. The city of Yreka has often con sidered getting its water supply from" these springs. This delightful region is situated some 10 miles east of Grenada, between U.S. Highways 97 and 99 ; One must traverse an arid, sage brush, lava rock region of sand to get there from any direction. All this is forgotten when looking across the lush fieltis of Big Springs. They are level and with soil and water sufficient for all needs, crops thrive as they do in few communities. But one exception has been not ed. No one tries to raise bumper potato crops, which were tested there, and discontinued. Here is why. Although the land was once a huge lake and potatoes were not grown prior to about 1945. a crop there showed heavy infestations of nematodes. The seed was blue tag, certified stock, planted on vir gin soil, but contamination came from somewhere. Still another mystery remains unsolved in the springs them selves. The water is a chill 46 degrees and pure. Fish will start up the creek from Shasta River, come a short distance, and turn back. Why this is so has never been explained, but Joseph Wales, biologist at the Mount Shasta state fish hatchery, believes that some where deep inside the earth the water was squeezed free of oxy gen without which fish cannot survive. Dairying, that stable community industry, has of recent years showed & decline. No mystery sur rounds this. The drudgery of milk ing, even with a machine, inter feres with television shows. Beef cattle appear in many places in stead of the usual milking strains. But waterfowl hunting there has held up despite hunting pressure. The Charles H. Drummond Wild life Refuge a few miles away brings more ducks and ssse than before. Honkers, those stately Canada eese, frequent the fields of the Vdliey. An invitation to shoot on a ranch there is usually followed by a goose dinner. It is a thrilling sight to see a vee of these birds come out of the shadows of nearby Mt. Shas ta, set their wings and glide down to a decoy set. This is one of the few places that Canada geese fre quent in numbers, but as stated above, hunting there is exclusive and expensive. New Method For Filming Of Lectures OREGON STATE COLLEGE A unique and money-saving method of filming educational television lectures for later use in other classrooms has been developed by Oregon State College engineers in cooperation with a Hollywood film company. It will mean a saving of more than $12,000 this year in the film ing of the OSC chemistry course being presented over KOAC-TV, Channel 7. The conventional system of filming or kinescoping for TV basically is reversed with the method. Instead of taking and developing a negative film and then printing positive copies, the engineers pho tograph a negative picture on the live by seven inch picture tube of a recording machine. When de veloped, it becomes a positive image that is ready to project without additional processing or handling. The reversal is done electronically. Engineering work was headed by Grant S. Feikert, chief engi neer at OSC for KOAC radio and TV, and Lester G. Mock and Rob ert L. Tinkle, television techni- icians. The development of the spe cial kinescope recorder was done in cooperation with the Vuetron ics Company in Hollywood, a lead ing TV film production and pro cessing firm. The process is feasible only in cases where a single film copy of the program is required, Feikert explained, but has wide application in most educational TV and some commercial TV situations. j LISBON (UPD Aleading Vmerican expert on malaria says he disease is almost certainly be lg wiped out from the world, but varned that this doesn't mean the vorld will be rid of mosquitoes oo. "A lot of people think malaria ;radication is the same as mos quito eradication," said Dr. Paul F. Russell of the Rockefeller foundation. "That isn'J so. We can beat malaria killing only a small percentage of the world's mosquito population." Russell, who lives in North Edgecomb, Maine, was in Lisbon to act as consultant at a World Health Organization meeting . of malaria experts. The meeting was part of a 76-nation campaign to erase malaria completely within 10 to 25 years in some countries within five years. Malaria is a mosquito-carried disease which has ravaged the world's tropical regions for cen turies. For the past 300 years man has had only two defenses against it the mosquito net and quinine. Now, though, quinine has been pensioned off and replaced by such drugs as the German devel oped Chloroquine, the British Pro guanil and the American Pyrime thamine. And the net has been rendered obsolete by powerful insecticides which remain lethal to mosquitoes for months after being sprayed on walls. . Russell said "there is no doubt that the new method of wall spray ing with insecticides has been the greatest single factor in helping defeat malaria." He explained that the mosquito becomes a malaria carrier only by biting a man already infected with the disease. It takes the ma laria parasite into its system from the sick man. - "This is where a useful trick comes in," Russell said. "It takes 10 days for the parasite to be come potent within the mosquito. During that :o days the mosquito can do no harm even if it bites another man, but we have a good chance of killing it." The type of mosquito which bites a man, generally speaking, is the type that likes to buzz around houses, attracted by lights, hu mans, food. But as soon as it hits an insecticide-sprayed wall it is fin ished. And in a general campaign of mass spraying of walls wher ever there are dwellings it is a good bet the mosquito will hit a dose of poison before Ml days are up. For the big post-war drive to oust malaria from the world, 0 per cent of the funds have come from the governments of affect ed countries. But three organizations have taken the lead in the battle: The World Health Organiza tion. Although operating on a small budget, since 1947 it has provided the necessary technical leadership. The United Nations Chil dren's Fund. Working on the the ory that malaria is very tough on children, this organization has poured more than 30 million dol lars into the fight. Its money has been used for equipment, transport and supplies. The United States Internation al Cooperation Administration (ICA) and its predecessor foreign aid agencies. They have given in excess of 90 million dollars for all phases of anti-malaria work. Russell said the work already done has been so extensive that more than half the people who must come under eradication programs are already under them. There is one cloud on the hori zonthe possibility that mosqui toes will develop a resistance to both groups of insecticides pres ently in use DDT on the one hand and B.H.C. (Benzine hexa chloride) and Dieldrin on the oth er. Experience to date has shown, however, that if mosquitoes be come resistant to one group of insecticides, they fall to prey to another. Men like Russell are confident all problems can be overcome. They have seen such tremendous progress in their lifetime they know eradication is possible. "Take the United States." said Russell. "During the 1930s we used to get up to 4,500,000 cases in a year, mainly in the Southeast. Last year there were only 14 proved cases." Other places where malaria has been eradicated are Puerto Rico, Chile, Cyprus, Corsica, Italy, Martinique, the Netherlands and the Gaza Strip. Countries where the di ase is on its way out are Mauri, ras. Reunion Island, Romania, Argentina, .Venezuela and British and French Guiana. Areas where the problem is still acute include Central Africa, Bor neo and New Guinea. China is an jnknown quantity. You Are Cordially Invited The Welding Clinic At WADE PITCHER WELDING SHOP 2935 So. 6rh St. Wednesday, 7 to 11 p.m. Factory Representatives and Instruc tors from the Smith Welding Equip. Co., Will Be Glad To Help You With Your Personal Welding Problems. SPONSORED BY So. 6th St. Oxygen Sales 2521 So. 6th St. TU 4-3563
