Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (April 1, 1954)
? THURSDAY, APRIL 1. 1954 ITERALD AND NEWS. KLAMATH FALLS. OREGON PAGE THIRTEEN Polio Vaccine Consists Of Billions Of Dead Viruses I BT ALTON L. BLAKESLEE v .'iAf Science Reporter : ' I NEW YORK UPI Each child tok I ing the Balk polio vaccine . this I spring will have 30 billion dead polio viruses shot into his arm. l Each' will get three shots, each shot containing 10 billion viruses.' Because they are dead, the' vi ruses cannot cau.se polio. But even though dead, they still have some power to stimulate a person to make antibodies, the body s nat ural disease lighters. diving billions of dead' viruses means concentrating this antibody' making power. The big question 1b whether the vaccine can produce enough anti bodies to protect ohildren against natural exposure to live polio virus this summer. All the scientific evidence indi cates that It will. But the only way to find out Is to have halt a million to a million children take the vac cine, and see whether and bow well they resist polio this summer And the test must be. run upon a huge number ot children, be cause paralytic poliomyelitis Is ac tually rather a rare disease. Polio has been called an epi demic if only 20 out of 100,000 per sons come down with It. However. it hits children more often than adults. If you picked any scattered group of 500,000 children aged 6 to 9, you would expect that about 350 or so would become recognizably sick next summer with polio. (Of this 350, more than half would re cover with no paralysis.) So for an adequate test you must have half a million to a million vaccinated children to compare with an equal number of nonvac ciliated youngsters of the same ages, Hiving in the same commu nities. Among the nonvaccinated half million, there might be 350 cases of polio. How many will there be among the vaccinated half minion? No cases? A perfect vaccine. Thir ty-five cases? The vaccine would be 90 per 'cent effective. Very good; 'Across the nation, children and parents and doctors and nurses and achoolleacners ana neann oi fleers are volunteering to take part, in this crucial test of tne vaccine developed by Dr. Jonas E. Salk of Pittsburgh. Local health authorities and the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis are conducting the trial. Up to a million children in 179 communities or areas of 44 states are scheduled so far to get the vaccine. In some communities the vac cine will be offered to all children of the second . grade In schools. Children in the first and third grades of the same schools will be recorded as the "controls' 'or comparisons. In other communities, half of the children in the first three grade of the school will be given the vaccine. The other half will get Identical-looking. shots of a fluid which is Ineffective. All the sy- linge8, whether containing real vaccine or useless fluid, will bear only code numbers, which will be placed next to the child's name on records made when he takes his ahot. , These children, their- parents " nH doctors.' will not know wheth er they got the actual vaccine," or the ineffectual fluid. Tne meaning of the code numbers will be known only,to a team of experts who will get reports, after the polio season is over, of the names and what happened to children who did de velop polio during the summer. This team, headed by Dr. Thom as Francis Jr., University of Mich igan School of Public Health, will receive complete reports on all children known to be vaccinated or not in the test arias who are diagnosed as having polio. That team can then give the an swer on whether the vaccine really works. Only a few years ago the pos sibility of a practical vaccine looked far distant. Then some great discoveries, mostly made in ' research supported by the March of Dimes, cracked the barriers to making field tests of a promising vaccine. First ft had to be. learned hnw many different types of polio vims oould cause human paralysis. That answer was learned in brilliant, I wree-year cooperative research bv several great medical Institutions. There are three dangerous types Brunhilde, Lansing and Leon. This meant an effective vaccine would have to contain all three types oi pono virus. . ... i But where to tret the virus? This roadblock was broken by the suc cess of Dr. John F. Enders of Har vard In growing polio virus in test tube cultures of non-nervous tis sues. , Where to get enounh vims? The Enders method was developed and improved, until now the klaney tissues from a single monkey can ue muae o produce enough virus to give a series of vaccine shots to i.uuu children. This yields a harvest of live virus. The live virus then is killed Dy naming it In formaldehyde. And It was found that nnlln vlvut when It attacks, usually noes Irnm the Intestinal tract to the blood stream and then goes on to strike ni nerves. Tbls meant (hat If person had antibodies standing guard In his bloodstream, he could cteteat the attack. Dr. Salk showed that a vaccine containing dead virus could pro duce significant, even lame amounts of antibodies in the blood ot vaccinated humans. Tne stage was all set for the leia test. Five pharmaceutical firms are glowing the virus and preparing the vacolne. Each batch of vac cine is tested nine times for safety to make sure all the viruses are dead, and that the vaccine is nure. Triple tests are made individually oy uie manufacturer, by Dr. Balk's laboratory, and bv thp T,nhnriitnrv of Biologies Control, National In stitutes of Health, U. s. Public Health Service. The National Foundation is foot ing the bill of at least Ti million dollars. The pharmaceutical firms are making the vaccine for the tests on a nonprofit basis. If the vaccine oasses the test. then It could be supplied In large enough amounts for everyone. It would take 40,000 or more monkeys to supply the tissue to grow enough virus for vaccinating all the na tion's youngsters. But there's reason to believe that each child may need onlv one series of shots for lifetime pro tection, ine lob after that would be only to vaccinate each new crop) oi oaoies early in lire, much as they now get vaccinated for dlph theria and other diseases. The scourge of polio would be over. (Tomorrow: Possible pitfalls, oth er vaccines, and G, G.) In I If' .mM ,11 w; Jj f ; 1 1 Li w mmihiii i Mr 1 1 iii'i' " V':'!ir llllll 1 II SHARON CHAFFIN, left, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Chaffin and Bruce Vandergran, ton of Mr. and Mrs. Bill Van dergran, Lakeview, will go to Portland in April to attend the three day roller skating meet at the Imperial Skating Rink. They will enter competition as a novice dance team. Fred Flesher is the instructor. Churchill Bows To Labor Party LONDON IA Prime Minister Churchill, bowing to Loborite de mands, announced Wednesday the House of Commons will open a full debate on hydrogen bomb prob lems next Monday. The 79-year-old Prime Minister told Commons he will speak him sell on Britain's position and poli cy. It will be his second declaration on the subject in less than a week. He said Tuesday American experi ments in the Pacific were essen tial to defense of the free world and spurned demands that he use his influence to have them called Off. ...... .. Hosts WorldYide Festival ROME (A Top musicians of the free world launch a two-week fes tival of 20lh century music in Rome Sunday. A competition for 12 young composers two of them Americans is one of the top events. - ' ; This year's International Confer ence of Contemporary Music, April 4-15, is an offspring of the 1952 Masterpieces of the 20th Century In Paris. That month-long festival of music, ballet and painting, de signed to prove Uiat art thrives on freedom, brought bowls from European Communists and high praise for such American perform ers as the Boston Symphony Or chestra and the New York- City Ballet. ' i . The Reds so far have ignored Uie Rome festival, perhaps be cause the sponsors are: playing down the political angle. And the Americana this year are leaving most of the spotlight to the Eu ropeans. . . Leading composers, musio crit ics and performers were Invited this year from Russia and her satellites but the festival's chair man, Nicholas Nabokov of New York, now on the staff of Rome's American Academy, said only Po land's leading composer, Panufnlk, replied "a very polite letter say ing he was'terrlbly busy." The festival Is sponsored by the anti-Communist Congress for Cul tural Freedom, which, staged the 1952 Pari event, the European Center of Culture of Oeneva and the Italian radio. TWtVSZ TSLAKSS9 . M ' ' IT i Excise Tax Reduction Sale now In progress on Kenmore electric ranges, Coldspot refrigerators and freezers, plus all other excise taxed Items. Additional savings- up - to $24.00. Sears, Roebuck & Co. YOU don't have to stick with the same hot cereal every day! Here's anour ishing breakfast dish with a wonderful v "wheaty" flavor that's . different! Carnation In- stant Wheat has all the I natural whole wheat values, i too! At your grocer s now! KM mm m i ' (arnation IMSTAKT WHEAT New Seattle Freeway Planned OLYMPIA m An eight-lane freeway through Seattle is part of a proposed 15B million dollar toll highway from Tacoma to tivereii, ft was reported here Tuesday. A study prepared for the State Toll Bridge Authority by. a firm of New York consulting engineers estimated cost of the freeway at 112,885,000. It would run from downtown Seattle to 85th street. The Coverdale and Colpitis engi neering report indicated the en tire 85-mlle project from Everett to Tacoma could be financed by tolls.; - Toll for the road, which would run parallel to and Just east of U.S. Highway 99, would be 85 cents. Varying fees would be col- ' lected- at seven toll barriers along the route. i DEFENSE PACT TOKYO Wl Japan's conserva tive parties Joined forces Wednes day and pushed Japan-U.S. mutual defense assistance agreements through the powerful lower house of the diet. Final approval came on a standing vote. - . Excise Tax Reduction Sale now In progress on Keamere electric ranges, Coldspot refrigerators and freecers, plus all other excise taxed Items. Additional savings p to $24.00. Sears, Roebuck Co. Nd CHARGE FOR PLANS . OR ESTIMATES , t ' ON v " j New Construction : -j or Remodeling . PEA; Terms No Down Payment Galloways Building Service Phone 2-2564 Evening 4tt JEWEL SHORTENING 34b. Tin 69c S0c Worth of Coupons in each can Swansdown Cake Flour 29c Pkg. POTEETS MKT. Owned & Operated by Bob I "Peanuts" Poteet Swift's Premium PICNICS 4-6 lb. ave. 49c lb. Freth Lean. Ground Beef lb 29' Ind Cuts Pork Chops lb. 59e Lean, Center Cut Pork r4Qc Roast lb.7 DEPEND ON US FOR QUALITY SELECT PRODUCE Sweet Juice ORANGES 3 lk. 29c Tomatoes tube 19c Cabbage lb 5c Firm, Fancy Fruit Bananas 2 lb, 29c 0t THIS iOlT rtXY HASTK TtJHY k TIGER ONLY $100 JL ' fill wrm tox tc hom Perform! Cooking Miracles! CARNATION MILK 3 39c cans GOLD MEDAL FLOUR 10bab9 99c WESSON OIL Quarti 69C SPAM an49c Gaines Dog Meal 10 1 1.49 Chili Con Came With Beont Stidd'i 2 3?c as?. SUGAR FROSTED FLAKES 23c pkg HJKu Prices Effective Throuqh Saturday 1710 Oregon Ave. - Phone 3860 Free Delivery ' On $5.00: Orders Or Over lfFRl7f?TCTF4 1 LTa why pay ; IMMIMlMifl MORE? i 9T1 ii 1 Ktl-i rill'. . E mum I Meda-Landor k LWC ; 3 Crater Lake itff D). I '- - ! : t mm i 95L wiT T COSTS NO MORE VM o hove the BEST! r5 huta ."GOOD-or-CHOtCE" 19 nr"CHOIw - A ibStealis 65i 6Sc lb. LOCAL -.., AA BRAND -Pan Readv i4 Tm mmt!iF . Th Best! eov auai Bis.A si ntimM n" EH UBLt Jd Mew York Cheddar Oees Golden West While It Lasts! Limit! , "3 I 15-l SMOYfDRin SHORTENING - HM 3-lb.tin IT MECO Prince Albert 10' 0 A Snowf lake : l Crackers i&y Grahams 49' MAPIUMS oSi"t... 15' Hershey Syrup t 19' TIDE.DUZ, OXYDOL. Q( CHEER -Giant Pkg. OY A Completo Selection of Famous Braeh Easter Candies! .ellSWSlMWWSlWSSSWe Orange i Juice 39' Ketchup 25' Prices effective Frl. t Sat. Apr. 2 1 Klaimrth Falls & Merrill Trim TOMATOES ,for$l 17-i PEACHES 25c No.2'2tins DEL ROGUE TOMATO JUICE 1 46-ox. Tint W : Picnic Tin 10e Aritona Grapefruit ,.,.-45c 1 wmnftzi b lUU FOODS mm t Young, Tender . R B Asparagus ,b. 23c 1 EE New Red IS g Potatoes ,k, 9c 1 Onion Sets ,t, 23c H M U.S. No. 1 Klamath Wt Potatoes 35c j TMnat23cj
