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About The Bonneville Dam chronicle. (Bonneville, Or.) 1934-1939 | View Entire Issue (July 30, 1937)
iVcir# Review o f Current Event # A YEAR OF WAR IN SPAIN 1,000,000 Killed, But On It Goes ,.. Robinson's Death Perils Court Plan . . . Poor Harvest Worries Europe miss several of his officers as a punishment Gen. Sung assured the Japanese he would evacuate the area west of Peiping, and would do his utmost to suppress communism and anti- Japanese activities. Gen. Chiang Kai-Shek, dictator of China, had not yet formally replied to the Japanese ultimatum. See New Golden A g e Joe Robinson Rallies the Democratic National Convention. ' FRIDAY, JULY 80, 1987 THE B O N N E V I L L E DAM C H R O N I CL E TWO SUMMARIZES THE WORLD’S WEEK © Westtrn Newspaper Union. Bloody Anniversary Spanish civil war entered T HE its second year. For the popu lations of rebel cit ies, the occasion was one for joyous celebration with fiestas, bull fights and concerts the or der of the day. Gen. Francisco Franco, commander of the insurgent f o r c e s , publicly proclaimed it a “ year of tri umph.” He ordered Gen. Franco that all communica tions and public doc uments for the next twelve months be dated as of “ the second year of triumph.” In the first “ year of triumph,” more than a million persons, includ ing women and children, were killed. The insurgents claim to have taken 34 of the SO provincial capi tals of the country, and all of its colonies. They have captured six of the eleven cities of more than 100,000 inhabitants: Seville, Malaga, Bilbao, Saragossa, Cordoba and Granada. As the rebels celebrated the eve of the war’ s first anniversary, the loyalists marked the occasion by opening a new offensive in north ern Spain. B’or the first time in months they sent out squadrons of planes to harass the insurgents near Santander; they made advances along the Aragon front, and forced the rebels to send reinforcements to the area about Albarracin. Air planes also caused some damage to insurgent forces holding siege to Madrid. The government army ap prehended a band of Moorish sol diers trying to succeed with a sur prise night attack 15 miles west of Madrid, and slew 600 of them. The rebels lost little time in at tempting to regain their losses around Madrid. Franco unleashed the full power of his main army of 160,000 in a drive to recapture Bru- nete and other suburbs of the loy alist stronghold; they were met by at least 250,000 defending govern ment troops. Every weapon of war except gas was used. There was hand-to-hand fighting in the trenches and the greatest use of artillery since the World war as the fiercest battle of the Spanish conllict raged. The battle was opened by as spec tacular an aerial fight as the world has seen in years; insurgents were reported to have lost 27 planes against only four for the loyalists. sumption of potatoes and sugar beets, and partly with cheap, plenti ful corn from southeastern Europe. It is expected, even so, that Ger many will have to buy 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 tons from other foreign countries. Experts estimated that the German harvest for 1937 would be 10 to 20 per cent below the aver age for the years 1930-35. Poland, from which Germany has been able to buy grain in the past, will not be able to sell any this year, while Hungarian, Rumanian and Ju goslavian crops will be smaller than last year, because of drouth. It was believed that if the current drouth continued the farmers of Great Britain would likewise suffer; rainfall in the past month has been about one-fifth normal. Of the Baltic countries only Lithu ania, it is believed, will have a crop equal to her needs. Crops suffered badly in Latvia, Esthonia and Fin land. Only Spain, in all Europe, with an iperease of 15 per fen t ewer last year’s grain harvest,^ap pears likely to enjoy a well-filled bread basket. — •¥— Inventor of Wireless Dies MARCONI, who al G UGLIELMO tered the lives of all of us when he invented the wireless, died suddenly of a heart attack at his home in Rome. He was sixty-three years old, had been in good health and was planning the construction of a new radio station in the Vatican at the time of his death. _ *— Sino-Japanese Crisis JUST after a verbal agreement between Chinese and Japanese military commanders had appeared to have prevented an impending re newal of the Sino-Japanese war, the Japanese government officially an nounced that heavy concentiation of Chinese troops had been made at Peiping, constituting a direct act of aggression against Japan. At the same time the Nanking government claimed that 17 Japa nese troop trails, carrying 30,000 soldiers, were en route to North China from Corea and Manchukuo. Earlier, 12,000 Japanese troops were said to have arrived in North China to supplement the regular garrison of 7,000. At Tientsin, Gen. Sung Cheh-Yu- an, chairman of the Hopei-Chahar political council and commander of the Chinese forces in North China, had complied verbally with the Jap anese ultimatum for peace, al though he refused to sign anything. In a talk with Lieut.-Gen. Kiyoshi Europe Short on Grain Ratsuki, the Japanese commander, r U R O P E began to worry about he apologized for the clash between the possibilities of a hungry Japanese troops and the Chinese winter as early threshing indicated Twenty-ninth army at Lukowkiao a serious grain shortage. July 7, the Incident which perpe Germany’ s shortage was estimat trated the new crisis, and expressed ed at 3,000,000 tons. The deficit will the regrets of the Hopei-Chahar be met partly with increased con council. He said that he would dis * * \ X 7 E ARE on the threshold of » * tremendous economic and social changes that will be wrought by the development of epochal in ventions just emerging into public view.” That’ s from a report of sci entists and engineers of the national resources committee, made public by President Roosevelt. “ The utili zation of these inventions,” said the report, “ will make for a period of great prosperity in which labor displaced by recent technological improvements will be absorbed by new industries and other activities.” The inventions listed in the re port were: Mechanical cotton pick er; air conditioning; plastics (cre ation of new materials and sub stances by chemical and other processes); photo-electric cell for automatic control of mechanisms; cellulose products; synthetic rub ber; prefabricated houses; televi sion; automobile trailer; gasoline produced from coal; steep flight air craft, and ,ray agriculture (growth of food plants in chemically treated water). The report said, in part: “ The question whether there will be a large amount of unemployment during the next period of business prosperity rests only in part on the introduction of new inventions and more efficient industrial techniques. “ The other important elements are changes in the composition of the country’ s production (such as appreciable changes in the propor tion which service activities consti tute of the total), the growth of population, changes in the demands for goods and services, shift in mar kets, migration of industry, hiring age policies of industries, and other factors.” lieve that when the issue came up again they would be successful in recommitting the substitute bill to the judiciary committee, an effec tive way of killing it. The indica tion of opposition greater than had been expected in the house of rep resentatives was another factor pointing to the eventual fall of the bill. Another battle was not long in getting under way: to decide who the new majority leader of the sen ate should be. Conservative Dem ocrats were anxious to wrest a measure of control from the White House by backing Sen. Pat Harri son of Mississippi, who has been faithful to the President, but is fundamentally conservative. The more radical senators backed Al- ben W. Barkley of Kentucky, Demo cratic national convention keynoter, who had been Robinson’ s assistant as floor leader. Another prospect was Sen. James F. Byrnes of South Carolina, but it was believed his strength would eventually be trans ferred to Harrison. Another thing that had Washing ton guessing as a result of Robin son’ s death was the vacancy on the Supreme court left by the retire ment of Justice Willis Van Devan- ter. Robinson, it was generally be lieved, was to have received the appointment. Security for 21,000,000 21,000,000 workers are N EARLY now covered by the unemploy ment compensation laws of the 48 states, Hawaii, the District of Co lumbia and Alaska, the social se curity board estimates. When the social security act became effec tive August 14, 1935, it was expected only about 17,000,000 would be cov ered. Most of the state laws specify that funds shall be made up only out of contributions by employers; eight require employees to contribute, and the District of Columbia adds a gov ernment contribution to those of employees and employers. Wisconsin, where the state law was operating before the security act was passed, is already paying — * — benefits. Twenty-two more states will start January 1. The last to Falls ’Face to Battle' HEN Sen. Joseph T. Robinson start payments will be Georgia and of Arkansas dropped dead of Montana, in July, 1939. * a heart attack in his apartment across from the United States Capi Upper Silesia Still Puzzle tol, the President*? EFORE a new accord could be plan for securing reached, the 15-year-old Geneva new appointments convention designed to reconcile the to the Supreme court Interests of both Poland and Ger bench, even in its many in Upper Silesia, expired. Up amended form, died per Silesia was once part of both with him. Germany and Poland. The people That is the belief of close observers in Washington. F or "Joe” Robinson was the President’ s tow er of strength in the Senator legislative branch of Two hundred years before he be Harrison the government He came American the wooden Indian had served the Democratic party was British, and even as far back well in the senate since 1913, and as as 1617 occupied the counters of the the majority leader in the upper apothecary’ s shop. Not until the house since 1932. reign of Queen Annes, according to Joe Robinson’s job it was to keep a writer in the New York Times, a smooth balance between the con were shops opened purely for re servative Democrats, largely of the tailing tobacco products. Owing, South, and the more radical mem probably, to the fact that the aver bers of the party from the North age artist of that day did not ac and West, so that the objectives of quaint himself with the aborigines the New Deal could be turned out of of other lands through first-hand ex the legislative mill. perience, the characteristics of the Robinson never fought harder wooden Indian smacked of African than he did in his last battle. As lineage. His embellishments often he worked hard and long in an at included the Roman shield, spear tempt to get the “ compromise” and tunic, though sometimes the court plan passed, often raising his skirt' was of tobacco leaves and his voice and exerting himself mightily headdress was composed of ostrich in senate arguments, it was appar plumes. In fact, effigies of that ent to his colleagues that he was not well. Sen. Royal S. Copeland, the particular design were usually only physician in the senate, had called black-boys, the possible con several times asked him to calm nection being between slaves who himself lest he hasten his own worked in tobacco fields and In dians who smoked the leaves of the death. plant. While the senate was adjourned The carvers of these figures were for Robinson’ s funeral, administra not limited to amateur artists. Some tion leaders sought to rally support so the court bill could be passed, of the foremost sculptors of the day even without the late senator’ s lead turned out many a well-modeled ership. But the opposition forces brave. Unfortunately, sculptors did were equally determined to take ad not hallmark their pieces, so that vantage of the psychological aspect little or no positive identification of the senate following Robinson's is possible. Pine was the favorite wood from death—the desire to effect a peace, finish the session’ s business and get which the body was made — usu ally of one piece, exclusive of the away from the capital. The forces opposed to the bill be- arms. It was first blocked out with W — B — of the two sections have since that time mingled freely with one an other, carrying on a live commerce unhindered over the boundary linei set by the League of Nations. The diplomatic difficulties oc curred when no solution was forth coming for the problem of what to do with the Poles who wanted to re main in the German section and the Germans who wanted to remain in the Polish section. Mrs. Roosevelt's Taxes Representative Hamilton W HEN Fish (Rep. N. Y.) sought to demonstrate the unfairness of the tax evasion investigation commit tee, he demanded that the committee investigate the in come of the wife of the President from r a d i o broadcasts, charging that she was not paying a cent of income taxes upon those earnings. She had turned over $39,000 to the Amer ican Friends Service Rep. Fish committee, a Phila delphia charity, kept $1 per broad cast for herself and paid nothing whatever from her radio earnings to the government. Assistant Attorney General Rob ert H. Jackson replied for her, ex plaining to Chairman Doughton of the congressional committee that the bureau of internal revenue had advised Mrs. Roosevelt she need pay no tax on the receipts from the broadcast. He declared the respon sibility “ is not that of Mrs. Roose velt, but that of myself and others who were treasury officials at the time.” — * — 6,625 Miles in One Hop! the world still thrilling to W ITH the recent flight of three Rus sian aviators from Moscow to the United States via the North Pole, three more Russians did it again, completing the longest non-stop flight in history. After flying 6,625 miles from the Russian capital, Pilot Michael Gro mov, Co-Pilot Andrei Yumoshev and Navigator Sergei Danilin, made a forced landing in a cow pasture near San Jacinto, Calif. A leaking gaso line line had exhausted their fuel supply as they battled heavy fogs which hung over the west coast re gion. Their flying time was esti mated at 62 hours and 17 minutes. The fliers spent the next few days reaping the rewards of their accom- plishmennts, as they were honored at many celebrations. Early American Wooden Indian Was Patterned After the British Model an axe into the space allotted for head, body, legs and feet. Carv er’s chisels roughly indicated detail later to be picked out with more delicate tools. The hands and arms were attached with screws. Occa sionally an entire figure was con structed wholly of small blocks of wood glued together. Banana’ s History Is O ld; Came From Southern Asia Among the accounts of man’ s en deavors on this earth, the discovery and development of important foods stand out. The history of the banana can be traced back until before th<» beginning of history. The yellow fruit is thought to have developed first in the humid tropi cal regions of Southern Asia. From there it moved slowly westward. Alexander the Great found the fruit along the Indus three centuries before Christ. The Arabs carried it to the Holy Land, to northern Egypt, and perhaps also across the Dark continent to the west coast, ac cording to the Union Oil Bulletin. When the Portuguese arrived on the Guinea coast, looking for slaves and gold, about ten years before Columbus sailed for the “ Indies,” they found the banana, liked it, and carried it to the Canary islands. From there, probably in the year 1516, it went to the New World.
