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About The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 5, 1900)
TRY TO DODGE MATH MANY SCHEMES TRIED TO ES CAPE THE DESTROYER. Fear of Diaaolntlon Laada Maar Ma to etranga Fraaka and Cauaoal War of Living ttomctimca ifarrlaa Tbaai Into Their Uraraa. A man who, while poor, Is not mora if raid to die than moat people, often develops a haunting terror of death after be baa made a big fortune and apeods an unhappy life and huge sums of money In trying to avoid the cotulag fate, frequently burrylng himself Into a premature grare through sheer worry and fear. Thli passion baa turned the trains of a good many wealthy people and made monomaniacs of tbeui. They lesort to the moat cblldlsb expedients to keep death from their doors. You remember Kipling's character who bad bis cbalr slung on ropes froin a beaut that the world might spin nnder lil in Instead of carrying him along to grow older. There was an actual cane very like this a few yenrs ago, when John Isllp, an Englishman, who made a bugo fortune out of silver In Mexico, drove himself mad through worrying about his death. After ex haunting all the safeguards I-ondon could offer, he bought a small lOcky Inland called Bryehll. on the went Irish count, taking with bliu one faith ful servitor. Here, In feverish baste, he had four stoue pillars raised and a small one storied cabin, with thru; rooms, rather like a houseboat, slung on chairs from iron girders (hat erosned the pillars and swung clear of the ground. Once Inside this be shut biw tclf up, with some books and a pet Jackdaw for company, and never left bis swinging house until bis death. The attendant, who lived In a small bouse close by, used to row to the main land a mile and a half when the weather permitted for provisions. The master spent his time reading and look ing out over the Atlantic from the cab Id windows, ills brain bad glveu way, nf course, and be Imagined bis life ttood still while the earth revolved un der hi in. He bad no relatives to Insist au bis entering a private asylum, and he died three years later In the cabin, worried out of life by the fear of deuth. ills hair was snow-white, though be was only 43. Auotber wealthy man, Jean Ingle Hill, though be bad made a fortuue by shrewd speculation, also gave way to the ill end of death. He conceived the idea that all movement and effort wast ed the tissues of the body, and this no tion sunk so deeply Into bis mind that he went to bed In a quiet country house ind hardly moved baud or foot for years; If he even stirred a Anger he did It with dread, believing it used up his vitality and shortened bis life by so much time. He sikc a'iiii!e as possi ble, sometimes not opening bis lips for jays, and was fed by attendants with ipoous. All bis food consisted of "slops," to save him the fatal exertion f chewing, and bis one amusement was being read to by the hour together, for he would not hold a book or turn the pages. Even the reading be did iwsy with toward the close of his life, believing that listening shorleued his existence. Due of the queerest cases was thot of i Mrs. Holmes, a very wealthy widow, who had a terrible fear of germs and bacilli of all kinds. She hud studied the subject deeply and It affected her reuson, to all appearance. The dread tif death seized her, and she was con vinced she would die by some wasting disease Inspired by microbes. Knowing that cold Is fatal to the average germ, she had two rooms adjoining each other fltted as " refrigerators and kept con stantly at n temperature of about 30 degrees or Just below freezing point One would suppose this to be more try ing than any quantity of microbes, but the owuer was happy In her conscious ness of freedom from gefni diseases. Wluler and summer the rooms were1 kept at tlio same point, and the adjoin ing rooms and hull were also kept cool that no current of wurm air might bring bucllll In. This lady lived clad In furs through out the hottest days that blazed out tide, and ber attendants and servants were obliged to constantly disinfect themselves before entering her pres ence. They lived In a perpetual at mosphere of carbolic acid, and their mistress had to pay very high wages to Induce any servants to stay with her, Loudou Answer. Where IVopla Lire In Trees. The delta of the Orinoco River In South America Is for a considerable part of the year deep In water. Yet Ibis tract Is luhnblted by the Warau tribe, who 0ml It their only mode of escape from the terrible bites of the mosquito. The Waraus, therefore, make their habitations In the Ita Palm, which loves moisture and grows abund intly iu this delta, connecting several of the trees together with cross-beams tud laying planks upon them for the (Wring. The natives of the rhillpplne Islands and Ilorueo sleep In trees. The spe men of India, the Yeddas of Cey lon, and the Hukones of the Andaman Islands also live In trees. Some years sgo. Ir. Moffat, the great tnlsslouary, while In South Africa, saw one tree lu which there were no fewer than twenty colonial huts of a Kattlr tribe. A pow erful chief had deprived them of all their cattle and weapons. By degrees the lions became so numerous and dar ing that the slight Kattlr huts were aa insufficient protection during the night, tud the half starved people perforce took to the trees. Gardening in Africa, The main trouble tu a Hritlsh West African diet Is a lack of fresh green rood. o wrote tue tate Mary tl. Mas , ,u.n as Nanseu had to deal with, and ley, the African explorer, In Clliuate, ,.t passage to the north polo. aud she proceeded to meutlou some of : Chambers' Journal. the tiltticuities in tne way or supply tug that deficiency. Gardening iu West Africa Is nervous work. I have worked lu girdcus there, aud know that even liftii g a kale-pot Is uot there, as It is here, a trifling net -because under the kale-Hta you have there a chance of finding divers things that. If In spirits on a shelf of the iti it Isb Museum reptile gallery, would give pleasure, but there, close to one's silkies aud uot Ik,, .led aud corkc! down, are.uiereiy exciting ami uiip.eas aut SliU, If the snakes go iu the o.iicr direction on ha. th, satisfaction o? baling fresh vegetables. Thre are plenty of irnrw thin? than snakes connected with Went Afri can gardening. In some places there ere elephants. In others hippopotami Specimens of either in a gat den for a night are Incompatible with success, for a aeascn. at leant. Then, if you hi e a man to sit up sll night in the garden and ring a band bell to keep such in truders off, he keeps you a'. e also If you take away Die bell and m l li in Up In business with a -fire to scare game off, a leopard usually comet ami takes blm away, which disiresM you very much. Gardening in Vrt Africa is not to be undertaken light-heartedly by persons of a nervous or irriialle disposition. Science Stofevention The new Germno dictionary nf the carbon cotiiHiuud names Ti.HT of these substances, and I lie end is yet far off. Klepliants have only eight teeth two below and two alnive on each side. All an elephant's baby teeth fail out when the animal Is about fourteen years old. and a new set grows. Experiments by Prof. I-oeb show that chemically pure salt 1s fatal to fish, though present in I lie same propor tion as lu sea water. It Is ug.eed iuat It Is useful to aulmals, but Hie mixture of It with oilier salts rentiers it non toxic, as proved by his fuither experi ments. ".Nature" notes a remarkable fact In connection with the West ludiau hur ricane of September, l(fij. It app, as that before the hurricane one of the tamest and commonest birds on the isl and of St. Vincent was a small hum mlug bird, but none of these birds have been seen since September, 18D8. According to Mous. Slgrlste. of the French Academy of Scleuce. the only thoroughly scientific shutter for Instan taneous photography consists of a silt moving rapidly across the sensitive plate, tint to obtalu good results the space between the plate and the shut ter should not exceed one-teuib of a millimetre, and the edges of the slit must be sharp and catefully beveled to exclude reflection. The blue coral Is known as one of the most Isolated of livlug animals. It has been described a Ihe only species of Its genus and the only member of its family, "with no close living relations and jo known ancestors." Iteceutly. however. Prof. J. W. Gregory bus dis covered In the British Museum what he believes lo be an ancestor of the lonely blue coral In a fossil coral of the Cre taceous period, called Polytremncls. By distilling fresh herring ami ollv pine wood In an Iron retort, and then condeuslng the products In a l.leblg condenser, William C. Iny reports, iu the AmericanChemlcal Journal, that he has produced an artificial asphalt close ly resembling the natural product This experiment Is regarded as confirmatory of the opinion that asphalt and petrol eum are the products of a uatural dis- tlllatlou by which Ihe remains of early forms of animal and vegetable life have been transformed In the heated crust of the earth. Bret llarte's "outcast In gray," the coyote. Is described hv l'rof. C. l- ' Holder as n species of wolf which is virtually a wild dog. Domestic dogs, he says, although they will kill the male coyote, will often refuse lo Injure the female. I'rof. Holder defends the coyote against those who would exter minate him, on the ground that he Is the only effective enemy of the Jack rabbit and the ground squirrel, which cause so much ihuuage In California. A coyote in n camp after chickens yelps so fast that he creates the Impres sion that a whole pack Is abroad. Naturalists have generally accepted the opinlou that ants are not able lo perceive any sounds that are audible lo human eors. I'rof. Weld, of the lowu State University, controverts this opin lou. He describes iu Science careful exieiiinents made by him with four species of American nuts, front which he deduces the conclusion that these species, at least, are able to perceive souuds, but whether they do It by means of orgnns of hearing, or through, the sense of touch being excited by at mospheric vlbrallous, he Is unable to say with certainly. He Inclines lo the opinion that they do really hear, as some Individuals showed a perception of the direction of the soitud. such as that of a shrill whistle, and others, which were uot disturbed wheu vio lently shaken lu their glass prisons, seemed to be "driven nearly fraullc by shrill souuds." Itoata for Arctic Travel. .Boats ueacrlbcd as steel rams are now lu use In Ice-locked Itusslnn harbors aud rivers aud have proved thnt they can force their way through thick Ice, even with 72 degrees of frost. The harbor of Vladivostok, till ot late her metically' sealed for four or five mouths, has since INK! been kept "ac cessible through the wluler; Ihe Fin nish port of llango Is now open to com merce throughout the year. Aud last winter a slmilnr steam ram kept up connection with the Ural railway through the Ice of the Volga at Sara toff, It Is proposed now to keep open by stronger boats of this kind the com munication of St. Petersburg with the sea and to fwce a winter connection through the Ice from Archangel lo the mouth of the Yenisei. Admiral Maka rof. addressing the Russian Geograph ical Society, insists that still more pow erful boats of this kind might safely le counted on to cope with (Hilar Ice. Hpatn'a I'mlcrfrrouml Itlver. The Guadiaua, a Spanish river, aftei flowing for thirty miles overhead, van- Ishes underground, aud for the next thirty miles pursues Its course as au underground river, only appearing at in rvals lu the shape of lakelets, the ! ogos or eyes of the GmuliHi.a as they j them. One glance is sufficient. Long, are calltn . This is the largest under- j mg practice at postmortems aud f.v ground river which has been fully j wltB Ilorma, Tlwra c:ial,u. w j the Inspector to tell quicker than the People are always disappointed In a j wink of an eye If anything is the mat clicua. j ter with the bog wlioe vital organs gEK IMPURE 31 EATS, GOVERNMENT INSPECTS CATTLE AT CHICAGO YARDS. Be Tea, Hogs, Bhcep and Cat Tea Are Searched for DI.ea.e - Klgid Poat and Antc-Morteoa Kzamination of Kucb Aniuiat by Ltdi-KtcJ Ufficiala. Few people have even the least knowledge of the great work done by the national government lu inspecting the killing of cattle, hogs and sneep at the Chicago stock yards. 'Ibis inspec tion is beiii carried ou in the slock yards of forty-eigut other cities in tlie Culled States, b it it is operated ou a far greater sale iu Chicago than al any other point. Such a sharp watch for diseased ami objectionable annuals Is maintained that it is practically an im possibility for unfit meat, designed for interstate or export shipment, to have the Inspected slaughter-houses at the yards. Kvery annual killed receives two or three Inspection and when a diseased one is found the carcass is guarded as carefully as a box of Jew elry until It is completely destroyed, as far as edible purposes are concerned. Two kinds of inspection are given every beef, bog or sheep that goes out of the yards as being fit to eat. These examinations are autemoitem and post mortem. Sometimes the first one aloue is sufficient to bar out animals and they never get as far as the slaughtering pens. The antemortem Inspection, of course, takes place "on the hoof" and Is conducted Just before the animals are driven onto the scales to be weighed for purchase by the packer from the stockman. The Inspector examines each animal as It Is driven forward to ward Ihe platform of the scales. Any animal that Is evidently affected with disease or Is emaciated Is ordered cut out The packer, of course, declines to buy an animal which the inspector has nOVEKNMKXT declined to pass, and the loss talis ou the stockmuu. Hut after this antemor tem inspection the uuimals become the property of the packer aud all losses through ultimate condemnation of the stock must, of course, full upon him. A sheep which bears on lis skin plain evidence of "sheep scab," a hog with large, red cholera splotches on his hide, a steer with external tumors, sores or abscesses, or any animal which exhibits the ordinary Indications of illness, such as Inability to walk, etc., will be cut out. The law requires that the refused animal must be killed aud turned into soap fat and fertiliser. The number of animals cut out at the antemortem examination varies so greatly thut the Inspectors decline to strike an average ou the number ex cluded per day. Thousands may be passed without one belns refused, but iu the next hundred 10 per ceut or more may be condemned. As a matter of fact, however, many of the diseased animals pass this first Inspection with out exciting the suspicion ou the part of the Inspectors, for they bear no ex terior evidence whatever of the fact thnt they are suffering from a danger ous Illness. Passing this first inspection success fully, the animals are weighed and sent to the slaughter-houses of the company purchasing them. Hogs receive by far the most careful Inspection. Two In spectors watch the passing of the slaughtered hogs, while but one ex amines cattle, aud there is also but one each for sheep and calves. The hogs are given the stricter examination because of their greater liability to dis ease and the greater danger to be found ln the Incipient stages o' keg diseases, and It. of course, goes without saying thnt early stages of disease in any ani mals are more difficult to detect thau those more advanced. After going through the first opera tions at the slaughter-house the hog is strung up by the heels with hundreds of others aud passes forward in a line that seems eudlcss. The device to which the animals are strung up Is fit ted with a small wheel which roils along a single track. Not far from the point where the hogs are first strung up aud only a few feet from the line of moving carcasses sits the first of the hog Inspectors. As each hog passes in front of lum a workman with two slashes of a kuife removes the entire viscera from the already partially open ed body of the hog and throws them on a platform at the side of the raised chair iu which the Inspector is sitting. Just above Ihe head of the inspector and a little to. the rear is an electric lamp, which throws a brilliant stream of light down on the platform. Each time as the entrails ar? thrown' : d.tn-n it, iiw.t.,r Pi,.n . KLnJcW:. Ir. 'r& A V -T" ticV v' ' K and Intestines have been thrown before him. Spots on the lung, enlargement of the lymph glands, darkened appear ance of other glands, blackened apinal column and perhaps half a dozen addi tional points indicate to blm at once that the bog Is diseased. Every time this Inspector finds a case wblcb be thinks suspicious or clearly defined as unfit for food be steps forward from bis chair and slips a wire loop through the flesh of the bog. The wire bears a large yellow card stating that the carcass is condemned. Also attached to the wire Is a small lead seal for fastening the two ends of the wire together. At that moment the wire Is not seal ed, but it presence bearing the yellow curd si unities that the carcass is to he plated to one side for further examina tion. For removing this wire and card the United States laws prescribe a heavy line and imprisonment. CarCHU Fxamined Twice. Further down the line of moving porkers' Is the second United States in spector. The first Inspector has neither the time nor the opportunity for doing more than to inspect that viscera of the animal. The hog bas not yet been split iu twain and be could not possibly see the Interior conditions of the carcass, but before the swine have been pushed down as far as the second lnstiector each one has been chopped into halves by the sharp cleavers in the band? of the workmen. This official gives the inner cavities an examination and also carefully inspects the ouW skin. Iled spots on the bide or granular tubercles sticking to the abdominal or chest walls are the most common evidences of dis ease found by this Inspector. The red spots Indicate cholera and the tubercles are evidence of tuberculosis, or con sumption. The official goes through the same tagging as was referred to above, unless the carcass was one tbat had already been tagged by the first in spector. The yellow-carded bogs are run off on a side track and all of them kept to gether until after they can be visited -. a. 7 t MEAT INSPECTION AT THE CHICAGO STOCK YARDS. by the inspectors after the killing day is oer. Each carcass is then giveu n more thorough examination thau was possible at the time wheu they were passing rapidly In front of the inspec tors. If It Is found that the pork bears evidence that it Is Impregnated with disease to au extent that would render Its use In the least dangerous, condem nation Is theu completed. The two ends of the wire which was passed through the Uesh by the Inspector are pulled to gether, the loose end Is Imbedded in a slot in the piece of lead attached to the other end aud with pinchers the lead is pressed over the wire. Thus the final sealing is completed. Ou the lead seal as well as upon the yellow cards ap pears "U. S. Condemnation." All of the carcasses condemned are taken to refrigerated retaining rooms, where tbey are locked up by the United States employes, no one else having keys to the lock. When a room Is filled it is sealed as well as locked, and It Is a crime for anyone other than an in spector to break the seals. When the packing-house Is ready to dispose of the condemned pork the seals are broken aud the doors of the retaining rooms unlocked by the officials and, under the eye of an Inspector, each hog Is re moved and pushed down through the hole ln the top of the big rendering tauk. Into this tank all kinds of offal must be thrown, so that the pork may at once be ruined for use as food. In this tank the pork is steamed and boil ed until Is decomposed. The fat rises to the surface and the bones and meat sink to the bottom. The at skimmed from the top to be used iu the manu facture of the cheapest 'kinds of so-p and the bones and meat are taken out to le used in making fertilizers. With the passing of hogs by the sec ond Inspector all examination for pork to be consumed in the United States Is complete. No record of the inspection is stamped directly upon the carcass, as in the case with cattle, for no whole or half bogs are sent out from the slaughter-houses, all swine being cut into smaller pieces. The Inspection brands are later placed ou these small pieces, directly ou the meat itself or in the form of lags pasted upon the canvas covers. Pork for foreigu export receives ex amination after passing this regular In sertion which Is so elaborate and thorough that it can scarcely be com prehended by auyoue who bas not made a personal visit to the yards and witnessed the work. From three dif ferent parts of the body of every hog which is designed for export bits of tlcsh are taken for microscopic examin ation. Traces of trichinae and other diseased conditions which can be de tected only through the microscope are nought for with the utmost diligence. After the pork has satisfactorily pass ed all of these microscopic tests it is placed in casks aud stowed away under lock and key iu cold storage rooms. Here It is watched and guarded as if it j were precious metaL At the gate open office wbkh keeps track of everything IUK UJ i w (UCm: a m d that eoes Into or out of these frigid apartments. Foreign regulations have been so rigid In relation to admission of American pork that these extremely strict and Iron-clad regulations have be come absolutely necessary. i,nt Reef Tn.nectlon. The requirement. In regard to Ameri- can beef malntainel by foreign coun- tries are by no means as heavy as those on pork, and the United Su.es Inspec tion given for interstate trade Is ac - t. .11 ,i1,r ..mm. cepieu as amour u, - tries. Cattle are not nearly so liable to disease as hogs and on a day when fit - . . . .1. .. .. teen or twenty bogs tuigui i . . u . out in a single pscK.ng nous , . . . nnttln migiit te omy one, io oi Diseased steers are ofteu among the , Idea or ttie t. ue i.y u e. , , very finest appearing and heaviest that ! sticks" they burn. Four 0 are purchased. That they are rth-i low dips are given ou ea h m ulng o less is only discovered after they have the pouy drivers, "! ut thf ar lieen killed and opeued. Tuberculosis used or nearly used they know It Is the disease with which the cattle are time to "knock off" for the day. most often found to be afflicted. It Is j A colliery manager also often found among diseased bogs, to work by himself In a lonely part of but cholera Is moat -common with the the pit, giving him C" J" "J latter. The men wbo Inspect hogs can j telling him that It would be time to go Just as well as not alt down while per-. home when they were gone. I he man forming most of the work, so they re-1 was not a coal hewer, but a rod ciean nialn on duty a half a day at a time.er, and worked by the day. He was but those performing work over cattle ; supposed to be a bit daft, but on arriv must constantly walk about so they jlng at his lonely working place he was are kept on duty ouly two hours at a wise enough to remember what the time the men laboring in two alternat- manager had told blm. Fixing up the ing shift. In the cattle slaughtering de- j candles on a pit prop, he proceeded to partment one man does all of the actual j light all four of them at each end, with Inspecting, but a second official puts the the result that he was soon on his way purple stamps on the beeves. . j home again. The layman would at once vote the In some of the poorer rural districts, Job of the cattle Inspector most nn- where clock towirs are "conspicuous, pleasant. In a long, yellow, oil coat the by their absence" and where watches Inspector tramps about in blood an ! are still few and far between, various inch or two deep, up and down the long j methods of reckoning time are In vogue line of men who are doing various feat-j at different places. Flowers are often ures In the dressing of the cattle.. He! found to open or close their petals at a can't alt down or stand still as can the ' given time, and It Is said tbat In a cer Inspectors In the hog departments. Too i tain rustic corner of Scotland, where many Important things are done or ex- j there Is no clock, the children are dls- ,, ... missed from school at a signal from mmm posures made at dlffeieut places, so in order to see it nil he must keep con stantly on the move. Cattle are not handled aud shoved out of the way as quickly as hogs, so there is time enough for one man to walk here aud there aud see the skinning, the fat that is soon re moved after the killing, the viscera, the exterior of the carcass, the interior, etc. No workman dares remove any part of the carcass from where It was taken out until after It bas been examined by the Inspector and passed as satisfac tory. The vital oreans and tii im.u. tiues may theu be thrown to the differ cut places w here they pronerly belouir. V hen the cattle inspector fiuds a sus- plcious beef he tags it lu the same way as the hog Inspector does a porker, and it Is run off into a sidetrack, where It Is held to await final examination. The half beeves 'which are passed as all right are rolled on down the line to the point where their dressing is completed and here stands the stamper with his rubber stamp and Inked pad ready to affix a purple oval stamp about three inches long, in which are letters half an inch high. At three different point on the abdominal and chest walla an- inior 10 me nind quarter, this official places his stamp, the three sections stamped being the three Into which the half of the body of a beef is divided for transportation to Ihe butcher. ln the cooling room, when the outside of the beef Is more thoroughly dried, the same stamp is placed on the hind- quarter, making altogether four stamps which are placed on each half of a beef. Besides "V. S. Inspection" "on the stamp there are a letter and two num- ur.s, uue uumuer oeing immediately at communal' was opened to competition the side of the letter aud the other be- The salary was f32 a year, and the can tween two stars which are at the be- didates were numerous. But the ginning and end of "U. S. Inspection." strange thing was that they were most whieh curves about the oval. By these ly village schoolmasters from Italy a figures and the letter on the meat th nainful sicn of the times in th.f Z'. department officials can tell if they are ever called on to do so what Inspector passed the meat, in what abattoir it was killed and the day upon which it was killed. o in tase any dealer re- ceived a piece of the stamped meat and claimed it was not good he could re turn it to the stock yards and the gov ernment officials would trace the trou ble back to the very beginuing. Inspection of the slaughtering of ani- ..a rsnui.juru lne govern- ment in 1811. and sluce the year of tlie founding of the great plan it has grown and flourished and spread like the tra- dition.il green bay tree. Constantly in- creasing appropriations for Its ma iuten- nnce and support and Increase of svo(p have been made by Congress and all th- bope and expectations the prtimo - ers of the scheme have been realized. The burden of lnsiectIon Is inti under the government ,Un r,,nt - v.. agriculture. "Didn't you hear about it?" "Xo." "Why, the thing happened right dowi In yonr own neighborhood." "I know but my wife' away for the sunuuer. Philadelphia rresa. -itTTpsaregoodtimepieces - i - - th. Honr. , ---- - t,. w.tcblnc tb. Burning Tapers. Down in the coal mines, where sun Hals would be quite useless, and where watches are not alway. to be found K,me curious ways of keeping time are men resorted to. Although the under rround tollers spend their working J t h .mint be regarded as per- uou.a .u --""--. phlo to j petual n gbt j -- - form a ta.ny - "-" ' ; time of day. Even w hen . few men a j .t work In a one and I MWOTmawneu ...- . .-- ; the mine wttnoui a fc thine for any miner to remain at worn for any miner to remain at work , -- - - .., off time. and It ! itter the proper inhered that their work is ' 'a . . ,; must te reme I.i. rlnl.ll? l.ltfCP Work. , In thnsa mines Where rnmlles are in IU lliUBC UJsaan . iluak tllO Til! - - - --- -- , . . . ..fllt ueru nix: mc iv r, the yellow goat's beard," which regu larly closes Its petals at 4 In the after noon. In a large workshop on the outskirts of a Pennsylvania town the workmen usually stop for breakfast at the ap- j pearance of a passenger train which j pulls up at the adjoining station at a. m. with remarkable promptness. That Irregular riser, the sun, Is not'a bad Indicator of the time when he Is up and shining. Apart from the ordi nary sun dial that his light may be and often Is adapted for time keeping In various other ways. When the shad ow of a hous or other building reaches a given spot at, say, 12 o clock a peg Edwin Markham has nearly com may be driven Into the ground, and pleteu- uts gecolld volume of poems, when the shadow creeps up to the peg w B ypatg ,g worklnK nt D, import. the next day you may yentura to ant book 0D the f00re of Galwaj. H. 'knock off" for dlnner-that Is. provld- ,s aso on npw MveL lug no oue has moved the peg. i .., ". . . ., . Another way of keeping time by the ' llIlam Helnemann has-brougut out sun Is to make a chalk mark on a wall ln LoD(lon steuhen Crane 8 two 8torlM where a "streak of sunshine, coming "George's Mother" and "Maggie, In through a crevice or other opening In one volume, under the title of "Bowery the opposite wall, rests for the time be Tales." Ing. The worst of It Is that cloudy A new novel by Gertrude nail, the flays always put a stop to this method title of which Is to be "April's Sowing," of telling the time of day Cincinnati Enquirer. How the Eyesight Tires. Feople speak of their eyes being tired, meaning that the retina or seeing por tion of the eye Is fatigued, but such Is not the case, as the retina hardly ever gets tired. The fatigue la In the Inner and other muscles attached to the eye ball, and the muscle of accommodation which surrounds the lens of the eye. When a near object Is to be looked at this muscle relaxes and allows the lens to thlckeu, Increasing Its refractive power. The Inner and outer muscles are used In covering the eye on the ob ject to be looked at, the Inner one be ing especially used when a near object is looked at. It is in the three muscles mentioned that the fatigue Is felt, and relief is secured temporarily by closing the eyes or gazing at far-distant ob jects. The usual Indication of strain Is a redness of the rim of the eyelid, be tokening a congested state of the inner i surface, accompanied by some Dsln i Sometimes this weariness Indicates the j need of glasses rightly adapted to the i person, and In other cases the true remedy Is to massage the eye and Its ' surroundings as far as may be with the hand wet In cold water. Philadelphia Tdger. . ! I Swiss Chimney Sweeps, ' ln Swltzerland tn chimney sweep is BQ mclal Personage. He Is the em- ploje r tne comniune, receiving a fixed salary. hls actions controlled by the eovernment, and he himself holdine on OJ lue uatK 8lraPs w me car of state, He ,s also' as maa tourists will have notu'e1 one of 'ew sons of the Hel - vetian republic who on Sundays and week days sports a tall silk hat. This be wears wlth d'gnity, but it Is gener - a11? brushed the wrong way. On his official tour he takes it oft blandly, and Informs the householder that he Is "em- powered by the State to Inspect his flues" In the canton of Grisons re - ntly the post and title of "ramoneur fnl land. "Better," savs L'ltaltn a.i Popolo, "be a chimney sweep In Switr erland than a schoolmaster ln Italv But the Italia del Popolo has rece,.H Pnrmln hn. . been suppressed.-Pall Mall Gntta i ,. 7 TTT AMce to Her Son. o . 1 l so you are loomng ror a sweetheart? weu, ineu, oyjier music you may know Ler. If a girl manifests a predi lection for Strauss, she Is frlvnu,,-. ior Deeiiioveu, ne is unpractical If for Verdi, she Is seutimental; if for Offen bach, she Is giddy; If for Gouno.1 h i lackadaisical; if for Gottschalk, she Is superficial; if for Mosart, she Is De dish; if for Flntntr h i War k , , Common- agner, she Is Id ottn vi, s nni- place; if for firl who hammers awav at "Tl en's Prayer." "The Anvil tJi ; "Silvery Waves," may be detn coon as a cood cook anH . i.i..,.. . . , " hut last of all m t wlreI wlreI thv Lv --- my ra th : on the calico dres of a girf who play at all" K n wb0 cnnt , j rag on turn, "Why dou t you make tmu J Money even attracts bullets. A man ' coffer "I wux a ma kin' it" she r j who missed a barn door with a rifle I pUed "Tou wul' makln' it," retorted j yesterday easily plugged a silver dollar 1 th 4ick man- "Who ever said wW i at ft distance of lift ysrds. but yen and the Chief Jus tied" ' INDLY ToCa neat Blr.la V'vV., . WALKS BLINDLY On nf the KmhmI Rl calved by HI Vlauui i...AI After trudging alt day long thVii the mountain with no success at asmuch aa I had shot several tlmeik failed to bring down my game j across an old hunter, J. usa' . the usual greeting we seated .... i ,i i .. i. . the question: ' Ptl "Why are the turkeys always on , run when I see them?" . The old man spit through his f(u ehallgetl , position, luld hi. ? muzzle-loading rifle on the ground s una,pilt ' lluu vl a l''"g or tobstv I t,lo ,itli n .1 .....x . ... LI- ........1. t . ill ins iiiouui, nun iiroceeitl'U to tell m why the turkeys were always on tk run when I saw them. ' "Of all the game I have ever hunted turkeys display the most wonderfn! power of vision. I cannot tell Jim vl this Is. I have made a nilcrostopM' examination of the eyes of the hawk, eagle, fox, weasel aud owl, hut find i material difference in the km reiinu; uie ciliary musctes and the Iris are exactly the same; yet none of then keen-vlsloned creatures can eomplr. with the turkey In point of seeing, J remember the acuteness of sight dl. played by nn old gobbler In the spring of 1802. I had carefully concealed my. self, and no part of my body was vls. ble but the upper portion of my hed, A puff of wind slightly disturbed the brim of my bat; he saw it and immedi ately took to flight. "On another occasion I was hunt1ti In the mountains of Georgia. I wailj. Ing behind a log and was carefully bd den, but all the upper part of my fa, A turkey was slowly coming lu n. sponse to my call, and was carefully noticing for signs of danger. A mo qulto wos stinging me fearfully on the forehead; I raised my finger slowly to crush It, and as Boon as the finger came within the range of vision, cluck went the turkey and be was gone. "Xow, the most nnexplicable thing lu regard to hunting turkeys Is that, with all his acuteness of sight, the sur est way to get a shot la to sit down la an open place with your back against a tree, in full view, and, strange to aaj, he will walk Up within teu steps with out seeing you." Forest and Stream, Is announced. The name is said to have been suggested by the followlug lines In Browning's "Plppa Passes:" You'll love me yet, and I can tarry . Your love's protracted growing; June reared the bunch of flowers yon carry, From seeds of April sowing. A historical novel, dealing with the life of. the earlier settlers of the Mo hawk Valley Just before the revolution, has been written by Miss Pauline Brad ford Mackie. author of "Ye Little Salem Maid." It will be entitled "A Georgian Actress." A series of biographies of famous liv ing actors and actresses Is to be pub lished soon. The first two biographies will be "Ellen Terry," by Clement Scott, and "John Drew," by Edward A. Dithmnr. The volumes are to be copi ously Illustrated with photographs In character. Hall Caine's forthcoming story Is not to be called "The Roman," but "The Eternal City." It will be published In England In the Lady's Magazine, a new periodical which C. A. Pearson will bring out next January, and In this country ln the New Magazine to be pub lished in the fall by R. H. Russell. It Is said that Mr. Caine received $7,500 for the serial rights. Greatest Docks In the World. The marine docks at Portsmouth, En gland, are the largest In the world, cov ering more than 300 acres aud employ ing some 10,000 men. Two of the larg est docks are 000 feet long and 85 broad. All are what is known as stone graving docks. They are dug out of 1 'sufficient depth, length and width to ' enable vessels of a certain size to be 'admitted. They are constructed of granite and fitted with heavy gates; ! the vessel Is floated Into the dock and ' properly shored up on the keel blocks- the gates are closed the water then j pumped out. Such docks are below the level of the dockyard. The walls 'are built with stairs like the "seats in ' n amphitheater, so that workmen may go up aud down, and great cranes lift ing forty tons are used iu handling ma terials. When a vessel is completed all that is necessary to launch her is to open the gates, fill the dock and she floats out without risk or trouble. The advantage of a number of docks at a station is the readiness with which a small vessel may be put Into a small ' risw.t. an.1 ) .. . i i . l.i ,.. one at nneo thi hi, -tth so much economy of time and lahor.- Providence Journal. A Randolph Anecdote, ln the "Green Bag"' the sketch o John Randolph Includes this illustra tive auecdote, the Chief Justice alluded to being, It Is presumed, his political foe, John Marshall, of the United State Court: lu some of Randolph's peculi- a fl ; v. .. . . - . . ; .1.. ' "",v,co uc aeeuia 10 nave iukcu in"1' i One which he cultivated with care wss , i 7. ""eratea precismn or pronuue..- 8 him -orrec-t wlthont ' ?f8ltftIon ltever he considered a I u'""i"T iu mat respect in one oi w ' u,uuuer " mat i Irritable moods at Roanoke he grew , ...... i j Irritable moods at Roanoke he grew . - ,mpauent ror hls CUP r conee' T ; testily asked the woman who .was wait- tww ir,i. ,