TRY TO DODGE MATH
MANY SCHEMES TRIED TO ES
CAPE THE DESTROYER.
Fear of Diaaolntlon Laada Maar Ma
to etranga Fraaka and Cauaoal War
of Living ttomctimca ifarrlaa Tbaai
Into Their Uraraa.
A man who, while poor, Is not mora
if raid to die than moat people, often
develops a haunting terror of death
after be baa made a big fortune and
apeods an unhappy life and huge sums
of money In trying to avoid the cotulag
fate, frequently burrylng himself Into
a premature grare through sheer worry
and fear. Thli passion baa turned the
trains of a good many wealthy people
and made monomaniacs of tbeui. They
lesort to the moat cblldlsb expedients
to keep death from their doors.
You remember Kipling's character
who bad bis cbalr slung on ropes froin
a beaut that the world might spin nnder
lil in Instead of carrying him along to
grow older. There was an actual cane
very like this a few yenrs ago, when
John Isllp, an Englishman, who made a
bugo fortune out of silver In Mexico,
drove himself mad through worrying
about his death.
After ex haunting all the safeguards
I-ondon could offer, he bought a small
lOcky Inland called Bryehll. on the went
Irish count, taking with bliu one faith
ful servitor. Here, In feverish baste,
he had four stoue pillars raised and a
small one storied cabin, with thru;
rooms, rather like a houseboat, slung
on chairs from iron girders (hat erosned
the pillars and swung clear of the
ground. Once Inside this be shut biw
tclf up, with some books and a pet
Jackdaw for company, and never left
bis swinging house until bis death.
The attendant, who lived In a small
bouse close by, used to row to the main
land a mile and a half when the
weather permitted for provisions. The
master spent his time reading and look
ing out over the Atlantic from the cab
Id windows, ills brain bad glveu way,
nf course, and be Imagined bis life
ttood still while the earth revolved un
der hi in. He bad no relatives to Insist
au bis entering a private asylum, and
he died three years later In the cabin,
worried out of life by the fear of deuth.
ills hair was snow-white, though be
was only 43.
Auotber wealthy man, Jean Ingle
Hill, though be bad made a fortuue by
shrewd speculation, also gave way to
the ill end of death. He conceived the
idea that all movement and effort wast
ed the tissues of the body, and this no
tion sunk so deeply Into bis mind that
he went to bed In a quiet country house
ind hardly moved baud or foot for
years; If he even stirred a Anger he did
It with dread, believing it used up his
vitality and shortened bis life by so
much time. He sikc a'iiii!e as possi
ble, sometimes not opening bis lips for
jays, and was fed by attendants with
ipoous. All bis food consisted of
"slops," to save him the fatal exertion
f chewing, and bis one amusement
was being read to by the hour together,
for he would not hold a book or turn
the pages. Even the reading be did
iwsy with toward the close of his life,
believing that listening shorleued his
existence.
Due of the queerest cases was thot of
i Mrs. Holmes, a very wealthy widow,
who had a terrible fear of germs and
bacilli of all kinds. She hud studied
the subject deeply and It affected her
reuson, to all appearance. The dread
tif death seized her, and she was con
vinced she would die by some wasting
disease Inspired by microbes. Knowing
that cold Is fatal to the average germ,
she had two rooms adjoining each other
fltted as " refrigerators and kept con
stantly at n temperature of about 30
degrees or Just below freezing point
One would suppose this to be more try
ing than any quantity of microbes, but
the owuer was happy In her conscious
ness of freedom from gefni diseases.
Wluler and summer the rooms were1
kept at tlio same point, and the adjoin
ing rooms and hull were also kept cool
that no current of wurm air might
bring bucllll In.
This lady lived clad In furs through
out the hottest days that blazed out
tide, and ber attendants and servants
were obliged to constantly disinfect
themselves before entering her pres
ence. They lived In a perpetual at
mosphere of carbolic acid, and their
mistress had to pay very high wages to
Induce any servants to stay with her,
Loudou Answer.
Where IVopla Lire In Trees.
The delta of the Orinoco River In
South America Is for a considerable
part of the year deep In water. Yet
Ibis tract Is luhnblted by the Warau
tribe, who 0ml It their only mode of
escape from the terrible bites of the
mosquito. The Waraus, therefore,
make their habitations In the Ita Palm,
which loves moisture and grows abund
intly iu this delta, connecting several
of the trees together with cross-beams
tud laying planks upon them for the
(Wring. The natives of the rhillpplne
Islands and Ilorueo sleep In trees. The
spe men of India, the Yeddas of Cey
lon, and the Hukones of the Andaman
Islands also live In trees. Some years
sgo. Ir. Moffat, the great tnlsslouary,
while In South Africa, saw one tree lu
which there were no fewer than twenty
colonial huts of a Kattlr tribe. A pow
erful chief had deprived them of all
their cattle and weapons. By degrees
the lions became so numerous and dar
ing that the slight Kattlr huts were aa
insufficient protection during the night,
tud the half starved people perforce
took to the trees.
Gardening in Africa,
The main trouble tu a Hritlsh West
African diet Is a lack of fresh green
rood. o wrote tue tate Mary tl. Mas , ,u.n as Nanseu had to deal with, and
ley, the African explorer, In Clliuate, ,.t passage to the north polo.
aud she proceeded to meutlou some of : Chambers' Journal.
the tiltticuities in tne way or supply tug
that deficiency.
Gardening iu West Africa Is nervous
work. I have worked lu girdcus there,
aud know that even liftii g a kale-pot
Is uot there, as It is here, a trifling net -because
under the kale-Hta you have
there a chance of finding divers things
that. If In spirits on a shelf of the iti it
Isb Museum reptile gallery, would give
pleasure, but there, close to one's
silkies aud uot Ik,, .led aud corkc!
down, are.uiereiy exciting ami uiip.eas
aut SliU, If the snakes go iu the o.iicr
direction on ha. th, satisfaction o?
baling fresh vegetables.
Thre are plenty of irnrw thin?
than snakes connected with Went Afri
can gardening. In some places there
ere elephants. In others hippopotami
Specimens of either in a gat den for a
night are Incompatible with success,
for a aeascn. at leant. Then, if you hi e
a man to sit up sll night in the garden
and ring a band bell to keep such in
truders off, he keeps you a'. e also
If you take away Die bell and m l li in
Up In business with a -fire to scare game
off, a leopard usually comet ami takes
blm away, which disiresM you very
much.
Gardening in Vrt Africa is not to be
undertaken light-heartedly by persons
of a nervous or irriialle disposition.
Science
Stofevention
The new Germno dictionary nf the
carbon cotiiHiuud names Ti.HT of
these substances, and I lie end is yet far
off.
Klepliants have only eight teeth two
below and two alnive on each side. All
an elephant's baby teeth fail out when
the animal Is about fourteen years old.
and a new set grows.
Experiments by Prof. I-oeb show
that chemically pure salt 1s fatal to
fish, though present in I lie same propor
tion as lu sea water. It Is ug.eed iuat
It Is useful to aulmals, but Hie mixture
of It with oilier salts rentiers it non
toxic, as proved by his fuither experi
ments. ".Nature" notes a remarkable fact In
connection with the West ludiau hur
ricane of September, l(fij. It app, as
that before the hurricane one of the
tamest and commonest birds on the isl
and of St. Vincent was a small hum
mlug bird, but none of these birds have
been seen since September, 18D8.
According to Mous. Slgrlste. of the
French Academy of Scleuce. the only
thoroughly scientific shutter for Instan
taneous photography consists of a silt
moving rapidly across the sensitive
plate, tint to obtalu good results the
space between the plate and the shut
ter should not exceed one-teuib of a
millimetre, and the edges of the slit
must be sharp and catefully beveled to
exclude reflection.
The blue coral Is known as one of the
most Isolated of livlug animals. It has
been described a Ihe only species of
Its genus and the only member of its
family, "with no close living relations
and jo known ancestors." Iteceutly.
however. Prof. J. W. Gregory bus dis
covered In the British Museum what he
believes lo be an ancestor of the lonely
blue coral In a fossil coral of the Cre
taceous period, called Polytremncls.
By distilling fresh herring ami ollv
pine wood In an Iron retort, and then
condeuslng the products In a l.leblg
condenser, William C. Iny reports, iu
the AmericanChemlcal Journal, that he
has produced an artificial asphalt close
ly resembling the natural product This
experiment Is regarded as confirmatory
of the opinion that asphalt and petrol
eum are the products of a uatural dis-
tlllatlou by which Ihe remains of early
forms of animal and vegetable life
have been transformed In the heated
crust of the earth.
Bret llarte's "outcast In gray," the
coyote. Is described hv l'rof. C. l- '
Holder as n species of wolf which is
virtually a wild dog. Domestic dogs, he
says, although they will kill the male
coyote, will often refuse lo Injure the
female. I'rof. Holder defends the
coyote against those who would exter
minate him, on the ground that he Is
the only effective enemy of the Jack
rabbit and the ground squirrel, which
cause so much ihuuage In California.
A coyote in n camp after chickens
yelps so fast that he creates the Impres
sion that a whole pack Is abroad.
Naturalists have generally accepted
the opinlou that ants are not able lo
perceive any sounds that are audible
lo human eors. I'rof. Weld, of the lowu
State University, controverts this opin
lou. He describes iu Science careful
exieiiinents made by him with four
species of American nuts, front which
he deduces the conclusion that these
species, at least, are able to perceive
souuds, but whether they do It by
means of orgnns of hearing, or through,
the sense of touch being excited by at
mospheric vlbrallous, he Is unable to
say with certainly. He Inclines lo the
opinion that they do really hear, as
some Individuals showed a perception
of the direction of the soitud. such as
that of a shrill whistle, and others,
which were uot disturbed wheu vio
lently shaken lu their glass prisons,
seemed to be "driven nearly fraullc by
shrill souuds."
Itoata for Arctic Travel.
.Boats ueacrlbcd as steel rams are now
lu use In Ice-locked Itusslnn harbors
aud rivers aud have proved thnt they
can force their way through thick Ice,
even with 72 degrees of frost. The
harbor of Vladivostok, till ot late her
metically' sealed for four or five
mouths, has since INK! been kept "ac
cessible through the wluler; Ihe Fin
nish port of llango Is now open to com
merce throughout the year. Aud last
winter a slmilnr steam ram kept up
connection with the Ural railway
through the Ice of the Volga at Sara
toff, It Is proposed now to keep open
by stronger boats of this kind the com
munication of St. Petersburg with the
sea and to fwce a winter connection
through the Ice from Archangel lo the
mouth of the Yenisei. Admiral Maka
rof. addressing the Russian Geograph
ical Society, insists that still more pow
erful boats of this kind might safely
le counted on to cope with (Hilar Ice.
Hpatn'a I'mlcrfrrouml Itlver.
The Guadiaua, a Spanish river, aftei
flowing for thirty miles overhead, van-
Ishes underground, aud for the next
thirty miles pursues Its course as au
underground river, only appearing at
in rvals lu the shape of lakelets, the !
ogos or eyes of the GmuliHi.a as they j them. One glance is sufficient. Long,
are calltn . This is the largest under- j mg practice at postmortems aud f.v
ground river which has been fully j wltB Ilorma, Tlwra c:ial,u.
w j the Inspector to tell quicker than the
People are always disappointed In a j wink of an eye If anything is the mat
clicua. j ter with the bog wlioe vital organs
gEK IMPURE 31 EATS,
GOVERNMENT INSPECTS CATTLE
AT CHICAGO YARDS.
Be Tea, Hogs, Bhcep and Cat Tea Are
Searched for DI.ea.e - Klgid Poat
and Antc-Morteoa Kzamination of
Kucb Aniuiat by Ltdi-KtcJ Ufficiala.
Few people have even the least
knowledge of the great work done by
the national government lu inspecting
the killing of cattle, hogs and sneep at
the Chicago stock yards. 'Ibis inspec
tion is beiii carried ou in the slock
yards of forty-eigut other cities in tlie
Culled States, b it it is operated ou a
far greater sale iu Chicago than al any
other point. Such a sharp watch for
diseased ami objectionable annuals Is
maintained that it is practically an im
possibility for unfit meat, designed for
interstate or export shipment, to have
the Inspected slaughter-houses at the
yards. Kvery annual killed receives
two or three Inspection and when a
diseased one is found the carcass is
guarded as carefully as a box of Jew
elry until It is completely destroyed, as
far as edible purposes are concerned.
Two kinds of inspection are given
every beef, bog or sheep that goes out
of the yards as being fit to eat. These
examinations are autemoitem and post
mortem. Sometimes the first one aloue
is sufficient to bar out animals and they
never get as far as the slaughtering
pens. The antemortem Inspection, of
course, takes place "on the hoof" and
Is conducted Just before the animals
are driven onto the scales to be weighed
for purchase by the packer from the
stockman. The Inspector examines
each animal as It Is driven forward to
ward Ihe platform of the scales. Any
animal that Is evidently affected with
disease or Is emaciated Is ordered cut
out The packer, of course, declines to
buy an animal which the inspector has
nOVEKNMKXT
declined to pass, and the loss talis ou
the stockmuu. Hut after this antemor
tem inspection the uuimals become the
property of the packer aud all losses
through ultimate condemnation of the
stock must, of course, full upon him.
A sheep which bears on lis skin plain
evidence of "sheep scab," a hog with
large, red cholera splotches on his hide,
a steer with external tumors, sores or
abscesses, or any animal which exhibits
the ordinary Indications of illness, such
as Inability to walk, etc., will be cut
out. The law requires that the refused
animal must be killed aud turned into
soap fat and fertiliser.
The number of animals cut out at the
antemortem examination varies so
greatly thut the Inspectors decline to
strike an average ou the number ex
cluded per day. Thousands may be
passed without one belns refused, but
iu the next hundred 10 per ceut or more
may be condemned. As a matter of
fact, however, many of the diseased
animals pass this first Inspection with
out exciting the suspicion ou the part
of the Inspectors, for they bear no ex
terior evidence whatever of the fact
thnt they are suffering from a danger
ous Illness.
Passing this first inspection success
fully, the animals are weighed and sent
to the slaughter-houses of the company
purchasing them. Hogs receive by far
the most careful Inspection. Two In
spectors watch the passing of the
slaughtered hogs, while but one ex
amines cattle, aud there is also but
one each for sheep and calves. The
hogs are given the stricter examination
because of their greater liability to dis
ease and the greater danger to be found
ln the Incipient stages o' keg diseases,
and It. of course, goes without saying
thnt early stages of disease in any ani
mals are more difficult to detect thau
those more advanced.
After going through the first opera
tions at the slaughter-house the hog is
strung up by the heels with hundreds
of others aud passes forward in a line
that seems eudlcss. The device to
which the animals are strung up Is fit
ted with a small wheel which roils
along a single track. Not far from the
point where the hogs are first strung
up aud only a few feet from the line of
moving carcasses sits the first of the
hog Inspectors. As each hog passes in
front of lum a workman with two
slashes of a kuife removes the entire
viscera from the already partially open
ed body of the hog and throws them
on a platform at the side of the raised
chair iu which the Inspector is sitting.
Just above Ihe head of the inspector
and a little to. the rear is an electric
lamp, which throws a brilliant stream
of light down on the platform.
Each time as the entrails ar? thrown' :
d.tn-n it, iiw.t.,r Pi,.n .
KLnJcW:. Ir. 'r& A V -T" ticV v' ' K
and Intestines have been thrown before
him. Spots on the lung, enlargement
of the lymph glands, darkened appear
ance of other glands, blackened apinal
column and perhaps half a dozen addi
tional points indicate to blm at once
that the bog Is diseased. Every time
this Inspector finds a case wblcb be
thinks suspicious or clearly defined as
unfit for food be steps forward from bis
chair and slips a wire loop through the
flesh of the bog. The wire bears a large
yellow card stating that the carcass is
condemned. Also attached to the wire
Is a small lead seal for fastening the
two ends of the wire together.
At that moment the wire Is not seal
ed, but it presence bearing the yellow
curd si unities that the carcass is to he
plated to one side for further examina
tion. For removing this wire and card
the United States laws prescribe a
heavy line and imprisonment.
CarCHU Fxamined Twice.
Further down the line of moving
porkers' Is the second United States in
spector. The first Inspector has neither
the time nor the opportunity for doing
more than to inspect that viscera of the
animal. The hog bas not yet been split
iu twain and be could not possibly see
the Interior conditions of the carcass,
but before the swine have been pushed
down as far as the second lnstiector
each one has been chopped into halves
by the sharp cleavers in the band? of
the workmen. This official gives the
inner cavities an examination and also
carefully inspects the ouW skin. Iled
spots on the bide or granular tubercles
sticking to the abdominal or chest walls
are the most common evidences of dis
ease found by this Inspector. The red
spots Indicate cholera and the tubercles
are evidence of tuberculosis, or con
sumption. The official goes through
the same tagging as was referred to
above, unless the carcass was one tbat
had already been tagged by the first in
spector. The yellow-carded bogs are run off on
a side track and all of them kept to
gether until after they can be visited
-. a. 7 t
MEAT INSPECTION AT THE CHICAGO STOCK YARDS.
by the inspectors after the killing day
is oer. Each carcass is then giveu n
more thorough examination thau was
possible at the time wheu they were
passing rapidly In front of the inspec
tors. If It Is found that the pork bears
evidence that it Is Impregnated with
disease to au extent that would render
Its use In the least dangerous, condem
nation Is theu completed. The two ends
of the wire which was passed through
the Uesh by the Inspector are pulled to
gether, the loose end Is Imbedded in a
slot in the piece of lead attached to the
other end aud with pinchers the lead is
pressed over the wire. Thus the final
sealing is completed. Ou the lead seal
as well as upon the yellow cards ap
pears "U. S. Condemnation."
All of the carcasses condemned are
taken to refrigerated retaining rooms,
where tbey are locked up by the United
States employes, no one else having
keys to the lock. When a room Is filled
it is sealed as well as locked, and It Is
a crime for anyone other than an in
spector to break the seals. When the
packing-house Is ready to dispose of the
condemned pork the seals are broken
aud the doors of the retaining rooms
unlocked by the officials and, under the
eye of an Inspector, each hog Is re
moved and pushed down through the
hole ln the top of the big rendering
tauk. Into this tank all kinds of offal
must be thrown, so that the pork may
at once be ruined for use as food. In
this tank the pork is steamed and boil
ed until Is decomposed. The fat rises
to the surface and the bones and meat
sink to the bottom. The at skimmed
from the top to be used iu the manu
facture of the cheapest 'kinds of so-p
and the bones and meat are taken out
to le used in making fertilizers.
With the passing of hogs by the sec
ond Inspector all examination for pork
to be consumed in the United States Is
complete. No record of the inspection
is stamped directly upon the carcass, as
in the case with cattle, for no whole or
half bogs are sent out from the slaughter-houses,
all swine being cut into
smaller pieces. The Inspection brands
are later placed ou these small pieces,
directly ou the meat itself or in the
form of lags pasted upon the canvas
covers.
Pork for foreigu export receives ex
amination after passing this regular In
sertion which Is so elaborate and
thorough that it can scarcely be com
prehended by auyoue who bas not
made a personal visit to the yards and
witnessed the work. From three dif
ferent parts of the body of every hog
which is designed for export bits of
tlcsh are taken for microscopic examin
ation. Traces of trichinae and other
diseased conditions which can be de
tected only through the microscope are
nought for with the utmost diligence.
After the pork has satisfactorily pass
ed all of these microscopic tests it is
placed in casks aud stowed away under
lock and key iu cold storage rooms.
Here It is watched and guarded as if it j
were precious metaL At the gate open
office wbkh keeps track of everything
IUK UJ i w (UCm: a m d
that eoes Into or out of these frigid
apartments. Foreign regulations have
been so rigid In relation to admission of
American pork that these extremely
strict and Iron-clad regulations have be
come absolutely necessary.
i,nt Reef Tn.nectlon.
The requirement. In regard to Ameri-
can beef malntainel by foreign coun-
tries are by no means as heavy as those
on pork, and the United Su.es Inspec
tion given for interstate trade Is ac -
t. .11 ,i1,r ..mm.
cepieu as amour u, -
tries. Cattle are not nearly so liable to
disease as hogs and on a day when fit -
. . . .1. .. ..
teen or twenty bogs tuigui i
. . u .
out in a single pscK.ng nous ,
. . . nnttln
migiit te omy one, io oi
Diseased steers are ofteu among the , Idea or ttie t. ue i.y u e. , ,
very finest appearing and heaviest that ! sticks" they burn. Four 0
are purchased. That they are rth-i low dips are given ou ea h m ulng o
less is only discovered after they have the pouy drivers, "! ut thf ar
lieen killed and opeued. Tuberculosis used or nearly used they know It
Is the disease with which the cattle are time to "knock off" for the day.
most often found to be afflicted. It Is j A colliery manager
also often found among diseased bogs, to work by himself In a lonely part of
but cholera Is moat -common with the the pit, giving him C" J" "J
latter. The men wbo Inspect hogs can j telling him that It would be time to go
Just as well as not alt down while per-. home when they were gone. I he man
forming most of the work, so they re-1 was not a coal hewer, but a rod ciean
nialn on duty a half a day at a time.er, and worked by the day. He was
but those performing work over cattle ; supposed to be a bit daft, but on arriv
must constantly walk about so they jlng at his lonely working place he was
are kept on duty ouly two hours at a wise enough to remember what the
time the men laboring in two alternat- manager had told blm. Fixing up the
ing shift. In the cattle slaughtering de- j candles on a pit prop, he proceeded to
partment one man does all of the actual j light all four of them at each end, with
Inspecting, but a second official puts the the result that he was soon on his way
purple stamps on the beeves. . j home again.
The layman would at once vote the In some of the poorer rural districts,
Job of the cattle Inspector most nn- where clock towirs are "conspicuous,
pleasant. In a long, yellow, oil coat the by their absence" and where watches
Inspector tramps about in blood an ! are still few and far between, various
inch or two deep, up and down the long j methods of reckoning time are In vogue
line of men who are doing various feat-j at different places. Flowers are often
ures In the dressing of the cattle.. He! found to open or close their petals at a
can't alt down or stand still as can the ' given time, and It Is said tbat In a cer
Inspectors In the hog departments. Too i tain rustic corner of Scotland, where
many Important things are done or ex- j there Is no clock, the children are dls-
,, ... missed from school at a signal from
mmm
posures made at dlffeieut places, so in
order to see it nil he must keep con
stantly on the move. Cattle are not
handled aud shoved out of the way as
quickly as hogs, so there is time enough
for one man to walk here aud there aud
see the skinning, the fat that is soon re
moved after the killing, the viscera, the
exterior of the carcass, the interior, etc.
No workman dares remove any part of
the carcass from where It was taken
out until after It bas been examined by
the Inspector and passed as satisfac
tory. The vital oreans and tii im.u.
tiues may theu be thrown to the differ
cut places w here they pronerly belouir.
V hen the cattle inspector fiuds a sus-
plcious beef he tags it lu the same way
as the hog Inspector does a porker, and
it Is run off into a sidetrack, where It
Is held to await final examination. The
half beeves 'which are passed as all
right are rolled on down the line to the
point where their dressing is completed
and here stands the stamper with his
rubber stamp and Inked pad ready to
affix a purple oval stamp about three
inches long, in which are letters half
an inch high. At three different point
on the abdominal and chest walla an-
inior 10 me nind quarter, this official
places his stamp, the three sections
stamped being the three Into which the
half of the body of a beef is divided for
transportation to Ihe butcher.
ln the cooling room, when the outside
of the beef Is more thoroughly dried,
the same stamp is placed on the hind-
quarter, making altogether four stamps
which are placed on each half of a
beef. Besides "V. S. Inspection" "on the
stamp there are a letter and two num-
ur.s, uue uumuer oeing immediately at communal' was opened to competition
the side of the letter aud the other be- The salary was f32 a year, and the can
tween two stars which are at the be- didates were numerous. But the
ginning and end of "U. S. Inspection." strange thing was that they were most
whieh curves about the oval. By these ly village schoolmasters from Italy a
figures and the letter on the meat th nainful sicn of the times in th.f Z'.
department officials can tell if they are
ever called on to do so what Inspector
passed the meat, in what abattoir it
was killed and the day upon which it
was killed.
o in tase any dealer re-
ceived a piece of the stamped meat and
claimed it was not good he could re
turn it to the stock yards and the gov
ernment officials would trace the trou
ble back to the very beginuing.
Inspection of the slaughtering of ani-
..a rsnui.juru lne govern-
ment in 1811. and sluce the year of tlie
founding of the great plan it has grown
and flourished and spread like the tra-
dition.il green bay tree. Constantly in-
creasing appropriations for Its ma iuten-
nnce and support and Increase of svo(p
have been made by Congress and all th-
bope and expectations the prtimo -
ers of the scheme have been realized.
The burden of lnsiectIon Is inti
under the government ,Un r,,nt
- v..
agriculture.
"Didn't you hear about it?" "Xo."
"Why, the thing happened right dowi
In yonr own neighborhood." "I know
but my wife' away for the sunuuer.
Philadelphia rresa.
-itTTpsaregoodtimepieces
- i - - th. Honr.
, ---- -
t,. w.tcblnc tb. Burning Tapers.
Down in the coal mines, where sun
Hals would be quite useless, and where
watches are not alway. to be found
K,me curious ways of keeping time are
men resorted to. Although the under
rround tollers spend their working
J t h .mint be regarded as per-
uou.a .u --""--. phlo to
j petual n gbt j -- -
form a ta.ny - "-" '
; time of day. Even w hen . few men a
j .t work In a one and I
MWOTmawneu ...- . .--
; the mine wttnoui a fc
thine for any miner to remain at worn
for any miner to remain at work
, -- - - .., off time. and It
! itter the proper
inhered that their work is
' 'a . .
,; must te reme
I.i. rlnl.ll? l.ltfCP Work.
,
In thnsa mines Where
rnmlles are in
IU lliUBC UJsaan
. iluak tllO Til!
- - - --- -- , . . . ..fllt
ueru nix: mc iv r,
the yellow goat's beard," which regu
larly closes Its petals at 4 In the after
noon. In a large workshop on the outskirts
of a Pennsylvania town the workmen
usually stop for breakfast at the ap-
j pearance of a passenger train which j
pulls up at the adjoining station at
a. m. with remarkable promptness.
That Irregular riser, the sun, Is not'a
bad Indicator of the time when he Is
up and shining. Apart from the ordi
nary sun dial that his light may be
and often Is adapted for time keeping
In various other ways. When the shad
ow of a hous or other building reaches
a given spot at, say, 12 o clock a peg Edwin Markham has nearly com
may be driven Into the ground, and pleteu- uts gecolld volume of poems,
when the shadow creeps up to the peg w B ypatg ,g worklnK nt D, import.
the next day you may yentura to ant book 0D the f00re of Galwaj. H.
'knock off" for dlnner-that Is. provld- ,s aso on npw MveL
lug no oue has moved the peg. i .., ". . . ., .
Another way of keeping time by the ' llIlam Helnemann has-brougut out
sun Is to make a chalk mark on a wall ln LoD(lon steuhen Crane 8 two 8torlM
where a "streak of sunshine, coming "George's Mother" and "Maggie, In
through a crevice or other opening In one volume, under the title of "Bowery
the opposite wall, rests for the time be Tales."
Ing. The worst of It Is that cloudy A new novel by Gertrude nail, the
flays always put a stop to this method title of which Is to be "April's Sowing,"
of telling the time of day Cincinnati
Enquirer.
How the Eyesight Tires.
Feople speak of their eyes being tired,
meaning that the retina or seeing por
tion of the eye Is fatigued, but such Is
not the case, as the retina hardly ever
gets tired. The fatigue la In the Inner
and other muscles attached to the eye
ball, and the muscle of accommodation
which surrounds the lens of the eye.
When a near object Is to be looked at
this muscle relaxes and allows the lens
to thlckeu, Increasing Its refractive
power. The Inner and outer muscles
are used In covering the eye on the ob
ject to be looked at, the Inner one be
ing especially used when a near object
is looked at. It is in the three muscles
mentioned that the fatigue Is felt, and
relief is secured temporarily by closing
the eyes or gazing at far-distant ob
jects. The usual Indication of strain Is a
redness of the rim of the eyelid, be
tokening a congested state of the inner
i surface, accompanied by some Dsln
i Sometimes this weariness Indicates the
j need of glasses rightly adapted to the
i person, and In other cases the true
remedy Is to massage the eye and Its
' surroundings as far as may be with the
hand wet In cold water. Philadelphia
Tdger. .
!
I Swiss Chimney Sweeps,
' ln Swltzerland tn chimney sweep is
BQ mclal Personage. He Is the em-
ploje r tne comniune, receiving a fixed
salary. hls actions controlled by the
eovernment, and he himself holdine on
OJ lue uatK 8lraPs w me car of state,
He ,s also' as maa tourists will have
notu'e1 one of 'ew sons of the Hel -
vetian republic who on Sundays and
week days sports a tall silk hat. This
be wears wlth d'gnity, but it Is gener -
a11? brushed the wrong way. On his
official tour he takes it oft blandly, and
Informs the householder that he Is "em-
powered by the State to Inspect his
flues" In the canton of Grisons re -
ntly the post and title of "ramoneur
fnl land. "Better," savs L'ltaltn a.i
Popolo, "be a chimney sweep In Switr
erland than a schoolmaster ln Italv
But the Italia del Popolo has rece,.H
Pnrmln hn. .
been suppressed.-Pall Mall Gntta
i ,. 7 TTT
AMce to Her Son.
o . 1 l
so you are loomng ror a sweetheart?
weu, ineu, oyjier music you may
know Ler. If a girl manifests a predi
lection for Strauss, she Is frlvnu,,-.
ior Deeiiioveu, ne is unpractical If for
Verdi, she Is seutimental; if for Offen
bach, she Is giddy; If for Gouno.1 h i
lackadaisical; if for Gottschalk, she Is
superficial; if for Mosart, she Is De
dish; if for
Flntntr h i
War k , , Common-
agner, she Is Id ottn vi,
s nni-
place; if for
firl who hammers awav at "Tl
en's Prayer." "The Anvil tJi
; "Silvery Waves," may be detn
coon as a cood cook anH . i.i..,..
. . , "
hut last of all m t wlreI
wlreI
thv Lv
--- my ra th
: on the calico dres of a girf who
play at all" K n wb0 cnnt
, j rag on turn, "Why dou t you make tmu
J Money even attracts bullets. A man ' coffer "I wux a ma kin' it" she r
j who missed a barn door with a rifle I pUed "Tou wul' makln' it," retorted
j yesterday easily plugged a silver dollar 1 th 4ick man- "Who ever said wW
i at ft distance of lift ysrds. but yen and the Chief Jus tied" '
INDLY ToCa
neat Blr.la V'vV., .
WALKS BLINDLY
On nf the KmhmI Rl
calved by HI Vlauui i...AI
After trudging alt day long thVii
the mountain with no success at
asmuch aa I had shot several tlmeik
failed to bring down my game j
across an old hunter, J. usa' .
the usual greeting we seated
.... i ,i i .. i. .
the question: ' Ptl
"Why are the turkeys always on ,
run when I see them?" .
The old man spit through his f(u
ehallgetl , position, luld hi. ?
muzzle-loading rifle on the ground
s una,pilt
' lluu vl a l''"g or tobstv
I t,lo ,itli n .1 .....x .
... LI- ........1. t .
ill ins iiiouui, nun iiroceeitl'U to tell m
why the turkeys were always on tk
run when I saw them. '
"Of all the game I have ever hunted
turkeys display the most wonderfn!
power of vision. I cannot tell Jim vl
this Is. I have made a nilcrostopM'
examination of the eyes of the hawk,
eagle, fox, weasel aud owl, hut find i
material difference in the km
reiinu; uie ciliary musctes and the Iris
are exactly the same; yet none of then
keen-vlsloned creatures can eomplr.
with the turkey In point of seeing, J
remember the acuteness of sight dl.
played by nn old gobbler In the spring
of 1802. I had carefully concealed my.
self, and no part of my body was vls.
ble but the upper portion of my hed,
A puff of wind slightly disturbed the
brim of my bat; he saw it and immedi
ately took to flight.
"On another occasion I was hunt1ti
In the mountains of Georgia. I wailj.
Ing behind a log and was carefully bd
den, but all the upper part of my fa,
A turkey was slowly coming lu n.
sponse to my call, and was carefully
noticing for signs of danger. A mo
qulto wos stinging me fearfully on the
forehead; I raised my finger slowly to
crush It, and as Boon as the finger came
within the range of vision, cluck went
the turkey and be was gone.
"Xow, the most nnexplicable thing
lu regard to hunting turkeys Is that,
with all his acuteness of sight, the sur
est way to get a shot la to sit down la
an open place with your back against a
tree, in full view, and, strange to aaj,
he will walk Up within teu steps with
out seeing you." Forest and Stream,
Is announced. The name is said to
have been suggested by the followlug
lines In Browning's "Plppa Passes:"
You'll love me yet, and I can tarry .
Your love's protracted growing;
June reared the bunch of flowers yon
carry,
From seeds of April sowing.
A historical novel, dealing with the
life of. the earlier settlers of the Mo
hawk Valley Just before the revolution,
has been written by Miss Pauline Brad
ford Mackie. author of "Ye Little Salem
Maid." It will be entitled "A Georgian
Actress."
A series of biographies of famous liv
ing actors and actresses Is to be pub
lished soon. The first two biographies
will be "Ellen Terry," by Clement
Scott, and "John Drew," by Edward A.
Dithmnr. The volumes are to be copi
ously Illustrated with photographs In
character.
Hall Caine's forthcoming story Is not
to be called "The Roman," but "The
Eternal City." It will be published In
England In the Lady's Magazine, a new
periodical which C. A. Pearson will
bring out next January, and In this
country ln the New Magazine to be pub
lished in the fall by R. H. Russell. It
Is said that Mr. Caine received $7,500
for the serial rights.
Greatest Docks In the World.
The marine docks at Portsmouth, En
gland, are the largest In the world, cov
ering more than 300 acres aud employ
ing some 10,000 men. Two of the larg
est docks are 000 feet long and 85
broad. All are what is known as stone
graving docks. They are dug out of 1
'sufficient depth, length and width to
' enable vessels of a certain size to be
'admitted. They are constructed of
granite and fitted with heavy gates;
! the vessel Is floated Into the dock and
' properly shored up on the keel blocks-
the gates are closed the water then
j pumped out. Such docks are below
the level of the dockyard. The walls
'are built with stairs like the "seats in
' n amphitheater, so that workmen may
go up aud down, and great cranes lift
ing forty tons are used iu handling ma
terials. When a vessel is completed all
that is necessary to launch her is to
open the gates, fill the dock and she
floats out without risk or trouble. The
advantage of a number of docks at a
station is the readiness with which a
small vessel may be put Into a small
' risw.t. an.1 ) .. . i i . l.i ,..
one at nneo thi hi, -tth so
much economy of time and lahor.-
Providence Journal.
A Randolph Anecdote,
ln the "Green Bag"' the sketch o
John Randolph Includes this illustra
tive auecdote, the Chief Justice alluded
to being, It Is presumed, his political
foe, John Marshall, of the United State
Court: lu some of Randolph's peculi-
a fl ; v. .. . . - . . ; .1..
' "",v,co uc aeeuia 10 nave iukcu in"1'
i One which he cultivated with care wss
,
i 7. ""eratea precismn or pronuue..-
8 him -orrec-t wlthont
' ?f8ltftIon ltever he considered a
I u'""i"T iu mat respect in one oi w
' u,uuuer " mat i
Irritable moods at Roanoke he grew
, ...... i
j Irritable moods at Roanoke he grew
. - ,mpauent ror hls CUP r conee' T
; testily asked the woman who .was wait-
tww ir,i. ,