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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 9, 1963)
CIVIL WAR Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan ' THIS pWAS THE By MERTON T. AKERS I United Press International President Lincoln's plan to reconstruct the Union with the coming of peace began to take shape in December 1863. He outlined the plan in his State of the Union message de livered to Congress on Dec. 9. As a part of the plan he add ed a general offer of amnesty to the Confederates. The dim face of victory for Northern arms was forming and Lincoln could glimpse it. But he was cautious about defining it. ". . .we must not lose sight of the fact that the war power is still our main reliance," he told Congress. "To that power alone can we look, yet for a time, to give confidence to the people in the contested regions, that the in surgent power will not again overrun them. Until that confi dence shall be established, little can be done anywhere for what is called reconstruction. "Hence our chiefest care must still be directed to the Army and Navy, who have thus far borne their harder part so nobly and well. And it may be esteemed fortunate that in giv ing the greatest efficiency to these indespensable arms, we do also honorably recognize the gallant men, from commander to sentinel, who compose them, and to whom, more than to others, the world must stand indebted for the home of free dom disenthralled, regenerated, enlarged and perpetuated." Amnesty Plan The reconstruction and am nesty plan was in the form of a proclamation. His proclamation offered to take back into the Union any Confederate state which would establish a loyal government by a vote of one-tenth or more of the registered voters of 1860. To be eligible each voter was required to take an oath to uphold the Constitution and all acts of Congress and presi dential proclamations concern ing slavery. The amnesty offer excluded officials of "the so-called Con federate government," anyone above the rank of army colonel or navy lieutenant in its armed services, anyone who left the Federal Congress or courts to aid the rebellion, all U. S. Army or Navy officers who re signed their commissions at the start of the war and any who had mistreated prisoners of war, white or Negro. He ended the proclamation by saying, ". . .while the mode presented is the best the execu tive can suggest, with his pres ent impressions, it must not be understood that no other possi ble mode could be acceptable." Caused Showdown Within six months the procla mation would cause a showdown between the President and Rad ical Republicans in Congress over the reconstruction prob lem. Already there was agitation in the North for a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery. ready had been introduced One of its chief exponents was Wendell Phillips, long time abo litionist and foreceful speaker. He was stumping the North try ing to arouse public opinion for the amendment. Two bills al ready had been introduced one in the House and one in the Senate to send such an amendment to the states for ratification. At this point Lin coln was keeping hands off. The President's policy brought down Phillips' wrath. He was too slow, Phillips said. He was trying to be President of all the people loyal slave own ers in the border state where the Emancipation Proclamation was not in effect, as well as abolitionists everywhere. He was doing something but not doing something but not enough, fast enough, the vocal abolitionist contended. Lincoln could and did point out his Emancipation Proclama tion naa been in effect nearly year, mat many thousands of slaves had been freed and that slave revolts, freely pre dicted by Southerners and Northerners alike, had not occurred. John Hay, one of the Presi dent's secretaries, went to the capitol to hear the clerk read his chief's message. Whatever may be the re sults or the verdict of history," Hay wrote in his diary that day "the immediate effect is some thing wonderful . . . Men acted as if the Millennium had come. (Sen. Zachariah) Chandler (R Mich.) was delighted. Sen. Charles Sumner (R-Mass) was beaming." (both were Radi cals.) Davis Reports Two days before Lincoln sent his message to the capitol, President Jefferson Davis of the Confederacy reported to his Congress. The military scene was not as rosy as it had been a year before. He had several reverses to account for and he put the best possible face on them. "The hope last year enter tained of an early termination of the war has not been real ized." he told the Richmond Congress. "Could carnage nave satisfied the appetite of our en emy for the destruction of hu man life, or arief have appeased their wanton desire to inflict human suffering, there has been bloodshed enough on both sides, and two lands have been sufficiently darkened by the weeds of mourning to induce a disposition to peace. enneufi . ALWAYS FIRST QUALITY Woman's Vinyl Dress Gloves ... All lined, Embroidered, n Stretchablel One size fits alll Or, the old smoothies! They know exactly how to feel and fit nylon stretch panels make these the sleekest, smoothest gloves aroundl Smart shorty length too, with attractive embroidereyl Easy-on easy-off, because they're lined with rayon or cotton fleece! MiiiiiiiiMiin hi Miiitr-r"--" '" if J BOYS' RUGGED VINYl LEATHER-LOOK GLOVESI Imported! Dressy leather look is quality plastic vinyl with added feature of rayon knit sidewalls. Great to give for school. Black, brown. 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(UPI) Davis could see no early end to the war. "They refuse even to listen to proposals for the only peace possible between us a peace which. . .may leave the two peoples separately to recov er. . ." Gen. Robert E. Lee s invas-1 ion of Pennsylvania and the battle of Gettysburg forced "their armies to cross the Po tomac and fight in defense of their own capital and homes," Davis said, ". . .and in the hard fought battle of Gettysburg in flicted such severity of punish ment as disabled them from early renewal of the campaign. . "Unfortunately the communi cations on which our general relied for receiving his supplies and munitions were interrupted by extraordinary floods which so swelled the Potomac as to render impassable the fords. . . and he was thus forced to a withdrawal. . ." Of the battles of Chickamauga and the more recent one at Missionary Ridge, Davis said: "The signal defeat of General Rosecrans (at unicKamauiiiu was followed by his retreat into Chattanooga. . . iininn nnrpntration of torccs there relived pressure on other points, Davis said, but the re inforcements "encouraged the enemy to attack." After a long anu tie. . .some of our troops inex plicably abandoned a position of great strcngui. 6 .... A thai if tllP. 11 15 ueiievcu " - troops who yielded to the as sault had fought with the valor they had displayed on previuu occasions, and which was mani- fosipH in the battle on omer oarts of the line, me enu..., ,iri havp escaned tne mis- ! fortune and the Army the mnrti I fication of the first defeat that has resulted from misconauui by the troops." ' The financial position of the Confederacy was desperate, Da vis continued. With $700 million in paper money in circulation and little gold to back it, Davis called for "a restoration of the cur- found a way around the con rency to such a basis as will ! stitutional ban on a direct tax enable the Department (of War) I which had to levied on the to purchase necessary supplies ! states according to their popu in the open market." Ilation. The Confederacy never But Davis called in vain for 1 took a census and a direct tax sound financing. Neither he nor I could not be allocated. So the the Confederate Congress ever I printing presses rolled on. Firemen Put Out Two Flue Fires The Medford fire department was called to put out two flue fires Saturday and to investi gate a smoke complaint. A flue lire at the CM. Miegcr residence, 810 E. Jackson St., about 5:06 p.m. burned an area of wall paper and caused some smoke damage, firemen said. Lea Motors, Fifth and Bart lett Streets, reported that smoke from a nearby trash fire had drifted into their show room about 5:19 p.m. Some fire place doors at the E. V. Kellogg residence, 409 J Street, were damaged about 7:30 p.m. when the fire got too hot firemen said. No damage was reported other than to the glass doors. Hatfield Warns Of 'Virus Of Hate' PALM SPRINGS, Calif. (UPI) Gov. Mark O. Hatfield of Ore gon Saturday called on labor and management to work to gether with open minds rath er than be torn apart by the "virus of hate." "We cannot afford this virus of hate whether it's a political extremism of the right or left or in labor - management rela tions," he said. SECTION B PAGES 1 to 10 MEDFORD Tribune MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1963 N0W-A NEW BUDGET FINANCE PLAN OFFICE IN MEDFORD! LOANS $25 TO $1500 Something new under Medford, Oregon skies! Witl M500 pay up all your installment obligations and give you extra cash besides? 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