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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (July 8, 1963)
. MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON MONDAY. JULY 8. 1963 j Postal Departmemit Checks ffoir PropcogarBSd By NEIL A. MARTIN United Press International Washington OIPD The East West cold war is a conflict being waged on many and var ied fronts. And one of the more subtle struggles is cur rently taking place in U. S post offices. It is an 'inusual "war" in volving men, words and ideas; a war of printer's ink, news print, photographs and catchy slogans; a propaganda war v W .... BIRDING By JOSEPH HICKS The migration of birds in the county slowed down toward the end of May. Particularly noticeable was the absence of ducks and shore birds on the May 30 bird county. Most of the birders in this area turned to observation of the nesting species. The department of zoology, University of British Co lumbia, has requested nesting records of Western North American birds. This gives the local birders the oppor tunity to participate in a scientific project, and to establish records of nesting birds not previously listed in southern Oregon. Although the grasshopper sparrow discovered by John Linn Jr., on the May 30 bird count may have been nesting near Hoover lake, repeated search in early June failed to disclose its nest. However, there were a pair of grasshopper sparrows at the location from May 30 to June 17. One of them acted like other female nesting birds, leading the ob server away from the nest with short flights. On June 26 the sparrows were probably feeding their young, for they made flights to and from the nesting area at five minute intervals from 7 to 8:45 a.m. On July 1, I really was surprised to find their nest with four speckled eggs. Perhaps this is a second nest for this year. Research by F. Sturgis disclosed there are records of only one or two previous sightings of this grasshopper sparrow in eastern Oregon and no records exist west of the Cascade Mountains. This sparrow is famous for its ability to hide its nest. It nest of the blue gray gnatcatchers. The nest was a small, flies directly to or from its nest. As the nest is small, with a side approach, and generally hidden in grass over a foot tall, few nests are seen by observers. After searching for the past two years I finally found a nest of the blue gray gnatchatchers. The nest was a small, lichen-covered cup saddled midway on the limbs of a chap paral bush. The nest was finished on May 17; on May 24 there were four tiny eggs in the nest and the female was on the nest. On June 11, four young gnatcatchers hatched out and lived until June 15. Why they did not survive is inexplicable. Per haps it was too much sun, since June 14 and 15 were very hot days. On June 27 I observed both the, male and female gnatcatchers near to their old nest but I did not find a new nest. The May 30 bird count recorded a black phoebe nest near a tributary of the Applegate river. On June 8 I visited this nest and found that the young ones had hatched and were being fed by the parents. The nest was located under a bridge, over a small creek, and affixed to the side of a concrete beam. It was impossible to look down into the nest, since the floor of the bridge was only a few inches above the nest. , On June 19 a check of the nest showed the young ones had left the nest and the phoebes were finishing the construc tion of a new nest. Apparently the young ones were still in the vicinity for the male adult phoebe chased a young phoebe away from the nesting area. Although the young black phoebes were hatched out about June 1, and the young gnatcatchers about June 11, a western wood peewee did not sit on her eggs until June 12. The nest was located near the end of an oak branch about 10 feet from the, ground. The four young were hatched out about July 1. The gnatcatchers listed above are one of our most useful birds, as their diet consists mainly of insects, insect eggs and larvae. The black phoebe and wood peewee belong to the flycatcher family, and they subsist mainly on flying Insects. The nesting cycles of all of these birds occur when their particular type of food is plentiful. On June 25 my wife and I took a ride to the summit of Mt. Ashland, hoping the wild flowers would be as profuse -as last year. Because of the cold spring there were only a few wild flowers in bloom, but on the south side of Mt. Ash land there were over a dozen rufous hummingbirds display ing their aerial proficiency alongside the road. This display consisted of two or three dives in rapid suc cession, from about 150 feet high, then a pause for feeding and a repeat performance. Continuing to the top of Mt. Ash land we saw a pair of pine grosbeaks, a Hammond's fly catcher, a dusky flycatcher, an olive-sided flycatcher, Audu bon's warblers, and numerous fox and chipping sparrows. The wild flowers should be in bloom in two weeks or about July 10. I recommend anyone planning to take this trip to use the Tollman Creek road south of Ashland. About four miles up this road there is a new road that branches toward the south. This new road is well graded and a big improvement over the old road. being fought through the mails. Since the cold war began in 1947, Communist presses in East Berlin, Prague, Buda pest, Moscow and Peking have been sending unsolicited prop aganda into this country at the rate of 2.5 million pieces per month-courtesy of Marx-ism-Leninism. Sent for Screening During March, April and May of this year, postal of ficials reported they sent 8.5 million periodicals, magazines, tracts and newsletters to for eign propaganda units for screening. Under this program which has been in operation since last January, the U. S. Cus toms bureau screens mail from Communist bloc coun tries to determine whether it contains propaganda. If it does, the post office impounds the literature, notifies the ad dressee, and destroys it after 20 days unless he requests that it be forwarded. The bureau employs a spe cial staff of 39 translators, clerks, and technical special ists at propaganda check units in New York, Miami, New Or leans, Chicago, El Paso, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Hono lulu and San Juan, Puerto Rico. The program will cost the bureau $230,000 in fiscal year 1964. In addition, the post of fice has spent considerable time, money and manpower to carry out its half of the pro gram. Gives Department Task Tyler Abell, associate gen. eral counsel of the post office department, told a house sub' committee last month that the law gave the department an "admmstrative task that we didn't want to be saddled with "Nevertheless," he added, "we are doing our best to en force the program properly." The I a w, enacted over Kennedy administration oppo sition, has been criticized in various quarters as "censor ship" and "unconstitutional." And most of the foreign pub lications affected have sneered at it as a "mockery" that de stroys the "illusion of a free press in America The screening of mails for propaganda Is nothing new. Durine World War II units were established to separate Nazi literature from the regu lar mail. The practice was re sumed in 1948 to combat Com munist propaganda. This pro gram remained in effect until 1961 when it was cancelled by the administration on grounds it aggravated efforts to im prove East-West relations. Not To Stop Reading Customs officials are quick to point out that the program was never designed to stop Americans from reading Com munist propaganda. Rather, they say, the law is intended to stop the flow of material to people who never requested it and do not want it. This is not, or ever has been, a censorship program," Irving Fishman, deputy collec tor of the customs port of New York, told UPI. "Who ever wants the literature is welcome to it. We just want to stop it from being mailed to people who do not want it. About half the propaganda is in foreign languages. It is sent chiefly to emigres from the Communist lands, Fish man said. Names and address es are found through tele phone books, city directories, subscription lists and member- hip charters of groups like the Polish-American Congress, he said. "The last thing in the world M WORDS that COMFORT 5 a a 3 Arise, shine: for thy light is come, and the glory of the Lord . is risen upon thee, ISAIAH S0:t PERL FUNERAL HOME CORNER SIXTH AND OAKDALE Spacious Parking lot r v IPs promptly ret pond to eU eclli, dry or nif At, MEMBER BY INVITATION these people want is propa ganda from their former homelands," Fishman added. A Russian emigre living here complained; "Shortly after I came to America, I began to receive Russian language propaganda. I moved twice before coming to Washington, and still I re ceive it. I wish It would stop." Fishman concedes the hard est part of the operation is de fining what is or is not prop aganda. The law defines prop aganda as material which is ."intended to influence the re cipient with reference to po litical . . . policies of a foreign government or foreign politi cal party or the foreign pol icies of the United States . . ." Fishman said the technical assistants and translators in the various check units were "well qualified to carry out this end of the operation." Made More Difficult But the overall task is made more difficult because much of the material is lot labeled as having been printed in Communist countries. Also Communist publishing houses stamp unsolicited literature "subscription copy" so that it can pass through customs "ex empt," Fishman said. During May, 2.57 million pieces of literature screened by customs, 978,256 were ex empt as subscription copies, or material intended for govern- Belt Is Good Long Term Investment Ft. Smith, Ark. (UPI) Con veyor belts usually are pur chased as a long-term invest ment, but the Arkola Sand and Gravel company here had to wait 20 years to realize any return. The company now is install ing a 500-foot conveyor belt that it purchased in 1943 -then promptly lost in a flood on the Arkansas river. The belt was unearthed re cently when company em ployees were dredging for sand under the river. It had been buried under seven feet of silt, still in the crate in which it was shipped from Goodyear's plant in Akron, Ohio, in 1943. A short length of belt that obviously had been damaged by water soaking into its four plies of cotton fabric was discarded from its exposed end and a sample was cut for testing in Goodyear labora tories. Test engineers, watch ing an impending sale fly out the window, found the belt in like-new condition. To the sand and gravel firm, it was like finding the world's largest gold nugget in the river. Volatile Liquids Cause Farm Fires Champaign, 111. -(UPO- Care lessness in, using and storing gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products is respon sible for the annual loss of 500 lives and more than $5 million damage from farm fires. University of Illinois safety specialist O. L. Hogsett says farm families can safeguard i their lives and property against the hazards of fire j and explosion by careful stor- ing and handling of inflam ; mable liquids. Hogsett says never pour i kerosene Into a stove or fur i nace that is still warm from I a previous fire, j Keep lamps, lanterns, heat ! ers, stoves and brooders in a ! safe place and guard against overheating. If home dry-cleaning must , be done, do it out of doors and use i non-flammable cleaning fluid. Store gasoline in an under ground tank or a shade steel drum away from all build ings, says Hogsett, and never handle gasoline or kerosene in an open container. WHOLESOME MILK Skimmed milk or dry skim milk conta tj as much pro- .;ri it w!':.'.f rolJk but a glass Dennis the Menace i if 1 'G08HM l oion't know w HAO THATAWCH AiHNWi ffl c "Njs ...but the best thing to take is money! Like so many other good things, a family vacation is much more fun when you save for it in advance and avoid debt. It's all pleas ure when it's paid for. Plan to make your next vacation carefree. Open a savings ac count with us and add to it regularly. Ex cellent earnings help your savings grow. Investment made by he 10th of the month earns as of the first. CURRENT DIVIDEND 4Vt PER ANNUM and LOAM ASSOCIATION 201 West 6th Free Customer Parking in Our lot Robert F. Kyle, Mgr. ment, school, library or pro fessional institutions. "Many people could be re ceiving and reading Commu nist material without know ing its origin or purposes," Fishman said. One such person turned out to be a Congressman's wife. Finds Wife Reading At recent hearings by the house postal operations sub committee, which was study ing how the law was operat ing, Rep. Morris K, Udall, D-Ariz., said he came home one evening to find his wife reading a copy of "Women of the Whole World." "She had received it in the mail and had no idea that it was Communist literature," Udall said. "She was quite sur prised when I told her." Typical of the anonymous propaganda sent to U. S. cit izens is a small, three-page tract entitled "What You Should Know About the Wall." Referring to why the Communist wall dividing East and West Berlin was built, the tract offered: "Bonn propaganda de scribes the wall as a 'mon strous evidence of the aggres siveness of world Commu nism'. Have you ever consid ered it to be a sign of ag gressiveness when someone builds a fence around his prop erty?" Most of the recent propa ganda barrage, officials said, has emphasized the U. S. ra cial problem and U.S. Cuba policy, besides repeating the Soviet line of "peace," "coex istence" and "disarmament." Whether the law is made stronger or even weakened, postal and customs officials agree that their job will not be any easier in the future. An elusive opponent, the Com munist propagandists, they say, are finding new ways to challenge government precau Acetylene Welders , For RENT At A to Z Rental 1213 N. 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