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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (March 3, 1963)
2 B SUNDAY. MARCH 3, 1963 MEDFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON recat'lDecisionsrlndicB; Democracy Working?' (Editor' not: Thii ii tht fifth in nriti of article in th Greet Decision pro. gram. Th malarial hr wai provided by iha For eign Policy Aiiocleiion, ponton of th program. Thi week' lubject i "India Ii Democracy working?") At the moment all is quiet along the desolate Himalayan border regions between India and China. But as the spring thaws approach, Hie will be gin to quicken in those dis tant wastelands. In a matter of weeks the world will know whether or not Chinese armies, now biv ouacked inside the northern gateways of India, are to be sent onward deeper into the Asian subcontinent It was last Oct. 20 that the Chinese unleashed a two- pronged attack against India, One prong hit the Ladakh sec tion of Kashmir in the north west. The second Chinese prong drove into India from the northeast. In both areas Indian troops fled in disorder. Then, in an abrupt about- face last November, the Chi ncse ordered a cease-fire. Their armies moved back in the northeast. But in Ladakh, where there are stra tegic roads linking Sinkiang to Communist-dominated Ti bet, the Chinese retained con trol of a 12,000-square-mile area of territory. Colombo Plan The lull in the fighting af forded diplomats an opportu nity to arrange a settlement. In December 1 902, represen tatives of six Asian and Afri can nations Burma, Cam bodia, Ceylon, Ghana, Indo nesia and the United Arab Republic (Egypt) meeting in Colombo (Ceylon) put forth a plan for a demilitarized cease fire zone. According to the plan, the Chinese were to pull back 2','i miles in Ladakh while Indian troops were to hold their positions. The demilita rized buffer zone between the front lines would be adminis tered by civilians from both sides. This arrangement is actually a compromise be tween previous Chinese and Indian proposals. In the northeast, Indian troops would reoccupy most of the territory evacuated by the Chinese after their self proclaimed ceasefire. This would advance Indian lines up to the so-called McMahon Line, which was established by the British as a border in 1014, but never accepted by any Chinese government. Described As Accepieble Nehru has described the proposals as "by and large" acceptable to India, and the Indian Parliament has given I v V ' '3 jiff -) & Y-Jr"- " m i I "V" ' if v'-r ' v A t i i ' A - 'r' I '- " "t , , RECRUITS WEIGHED - Army recruits are weighed by hanging on a scale as Indian men take up arms in the border battle with Red China. After rigorous testing, only about 10 per cent of the men are accepted. (UPI) its tacit approval to the Co- ombo peace plan suggestions. However, there are reports that the Chinese arc in a truculent mood and will not accept the provision that In dian troops reoccupy areas In the northeast. There is specu lation in some quarters that the Chinese muy decide to strike for further gains. Indians are being told by their leaders that the struggle against the Chinese will be a long one. Throughout the country there has been a surge of patriotic fervor and determination to defeat the Chinese. One Cabinet minis ter is quoted at saying, "At last we know who our friends really are." There has even been up heaval in the Indian Commu nist party as pro-Chinese lead ers have been forced from power. The party has echoed the Indian government s stand on the Colombo confer ence cease-fire proposals. Looking to Defenses India, meanwhile, is look ing to its defenses. There has been talk of the U.S. and oth er Western countries provid ing an air umbrella should the Chinese unleash their planes against Indian cities. This would free the Indian air force for tactical strikes. Nehru, attempting to cling. to his noniilignmcnt policy, has accepted the first four of 12 promised Soviet jet fighter planes. Though of little mill tary significance, it is an irony of history that the So. viets should supply India with equipment that may be used In a fight against Coin, nuinist China. Renewed fighting is a pos sibility, but there is also good chance that the Colombo peace plan will provide the basis for a settlement of Sino Indian differences. It is wide ly believed that the Chinese are really after the strategic areas in Ladakh and would be willing to barter their gains In the northeast for them. Should this be their goal, it could be achieved under the Columbo plan provisions. Talk on Kashmir With his country hard pressed by the Chinese, Prime Minister Nehru has agreed to discuss with Pakistan the 15-ycar-old dispute over the control and ownership of the Vale of Kashmir. Large con tingents of Pakistani and In dian troops have been tied down holding regions of Kashmir. It would obviously be to In dia's advantage if the Kash mir dispute were settled. The Indian army could then con centrate on defense against the Chinese. U.S. diplomats are on the scene, trying to bring the talks to a success ful conclusion. The U.S. has a high stake in the future of India, to which it has given some $4 billion worth of economic aid. By virtue of its size and im portance, India has become a sort of test case to see wheth er democratic institutions and methods can produce satisfac tory economic progress in underdeveloped lands. The U.S., therefore, is eager to have India overcome the Chi nese challenge and get on with the enormous task of development. Choices for th U.S. What policies might the U.S. pursue to achieve these goals? Should it supply all the necessary military help with out strings so as to enable Indian to end the Chinese threat? Or should the U.S. use the opportunity to extract a pledge from Nehru that India will give up nonalignment? The U.S. must also decide whether or not to step up its economic aid to India to pre vent development from fal tering because of the diver sion of resources to the mili tary effort. Each of these choices would have major diplomatic effects on U.S. relations with India, Asia and the Communist world. U.S. statesmen must decide which course will best serve the national interest in the long run. State Board Of Pharmacy Plans Action Against Magazine's Birth Control Ad By ANN H. PEARSON United Press International Salem - lliri) - The Oregon Board of Pharmacy is seeking to move against an advertise ment for a contraceptive that appeared in a nationally cir culated Protestant magazine in January. Oregon prohibits the edver Using of contraceptives except in trade publications for doc- Tree Farm Group Sets March Meeting Action being taken In op position to House- Bill SO, which would add 35 to 40 cents per thousand to the cost of log hauling, according to the Southern Oregon Conser vation and Tree Farm associa tion, will be discussed at the meeting of the association, called for Friday at the Rogue Valley Couutiy club. The meeting will be pre ceded by dinner and a cock tail hour starting at 7 p.m. A current analysis of the Southern Pacilic strike sit uation also Is on the agenda for the evening. In the field of local ac tivities, reports will be made on the public relations pro gram and the accomplish ments of the Roxy and Sexton radio networks, tors or pharmacists. Twenly nine other slates have similar laws. The ad appeared in the Jiui uary Issue of the Christian Herald, an interdenomination al protestant monthly edited by Dr. Daniel Poling and cir culated by subscription. It has 45.000 subscribers nationally and 4,857 in Oregon. The ad Is believed to be the first explicit arivlrtlse menl of a birlh control prod uct ever published by a iih tlonally circulated (ami ly magazine in this country. ihc ad was placed by the Emko Co. of St. Louis. Mo., manufacturers of an aerosol vaginal foam which has been widely tested in Puerto Rico, and which has been reported Equity Fund Holders Increase in Number The number of Individuals owning Equity Fund shares increased 17 per cent during 1062, It was reported at the annual meeting of sharehold ers In Seattle recently, ac cording to Warren T. Ray mond, president. Edmund Hass Is resident manager In Medford for the Pacific Northwest company, underwriter of Equity Fund shares and investment advi ser. The 4.100 shareholders in Equity Fund, and open-end investment fund, reside prin cipally in Washington, Ore gon and Idaho, Eastern Oregon Will Get Radar Facility Washington - iWP - Rep. Al Ullman (D.-Ore.) announc ed Friday that Eastern Ore gun will get an important new radar facility as a result nf a nationwide improvement program just announced by the Federal Aviation agency. The $41)0,0110 installation, according to Ullmin, wil! be located in Condon, in Gilliam county. It will be one of eight similar facilities locatrd throughout the country, de signed to hlep eliminate gaps in the air route traffic con trol system. The Condon installation will be part of the control center located al Seattle, and will provide expanded cov erage for efficient radar air traffic control. Ullman also announced that the Federal Aviation agency has approved installa tion of two new air guidance systems for the Klamath Falls. Ore., airport at a cost of $48. 000. FEED STOR EBURNS Gresham, Ore - 'LPF - Fire early Saturday destroyed the Doyle Staples Feed Store, a 100-year-old land mark al Springdale five miles north east of Gresham. In medical literature to be effective as a birlh control de vice. A. G. McLain, chairman of the Oregon Board f Pharm acy, said the attorney gen eral's office has been asked for an opinion on whether a cease and desist order can be issued against the magazine. He said tthe board also was considering a request to Emko whose product Is licensed by the board for side in Oregon. A cense nnd desist order would apply to future issues of the magazine. McLain said the legal ques tion centered on whether the board could move against an ad placed, accepted and pub lished outside Oregon, and only distributed in Oregon. At the time the ad was ac cepted, Clarence B. Boutcll, advertising manager of the Christian Herald, said accept ance of the Emko ad was a "considered act" on the part of the magazine. He noted many large Pro testant groups in recent years have declared family planning a "positive moral obligation." In addition to the state stat utes, the federal Comstock act of 1873 makes it a felony to send birth control information through the mails. The act never has been repealed, but court rulings have made it virtually a dead loiter. A post office spokesman said he did not except any legal action by Hie post of fice against the magazine. Jacksonville Youth Named on Honor Roll Lcland Pcleis. sun of Mr. and Mrs. S. W. Christianson, Jacksonville, was on the hon or roll with a grade of 3.74 for the first semester at Ari zona Stale university in Tempo, Ariz. He Is a sopho more in the college of applied arts and sciences as an ar chitecture major. As an outstanding cadet in the Army ROTC. Pclers also was promoted to a corporal and transferred to an honor guard mill Feb. 18. Bclore attending Arizona State uni versity, Peters was a student at Southern Oregon college under a Britt scholarship. Society Will Elect Directors for Year Directors will be elected by the Southern Oregon Humane Society at the annual meeting scheduled Monday, March 4 st North's Chuck Wagon. I The annual meeting, in I keeping Willi established cus tom, will be a dinner session, I starting lit 6 ;til p.m. A report of the year's activ ities will be given and a film shown during the short pro gram. New Humane Society personnel will be introduced. Any person Interested in humane work is Invited to the meeting. Reservations can he made through March 1 by callinii the Humane Society, ri4-240fi. First Reaction at Invasion Was To Organize Emergency By MICHAEL T. MALLOY United Press International New Dclhi-WPIi-Indian de mocracy is a rare, exotic hot house flower which could perish overnight in the first hard frost. Democracy's blooms are flourishing today, thanks to careful cultivation by the country's political leaders and the warmth of Prime Minis ter Jawaharlal Nehru's Im mense personal popularity and prestige. But the plant has few strong roots in the stony soil of India's impoverished and illiterate masses. If the gar deners of the ruling congress party should lose interest in tending this delicate plant, democracy would quickly wither and die. The Communist Chinese at tack on Indian outposts last autumn sent a chilly draft through India. One of the frightened government's first reactions was to impose sweeping emergency regula tions. Increase Local Powers The laws are virtually the same as those under which Great Britain kept Nehru in jail throughout World War II. They give local officials almost unlimited rights to ar rest suspects and seize prop erty. Later regulations threaten ed government emp 1 o y e e s with prison sentences for dis obeying orders or failing to report for work. Other rules warned newspaper publishers they could face stiff fines for printing stories which dis pleased the government. The object of the new re strictions was to guard against sabotage and spying by Red China or local Communists. The main results so far have been the detention of some 3.000 Chinese residents of In dia in a special camp at Dcoli in northwestern India, and the arrest of more than 300 Indian Communists by state government authorities. At Oregon Man Invited To Asian Assembly Eugene - John F. Gauge. director of the Institute of In ternational Studies and Over seas Administration at the University of Oregon, has been invited to participate in the first Asian-American As sembly sponsored by the American Assembly of Co lumbia university. The conference will be held at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, from April 8 to 12. The participants will discuss "Cultural Affairs and Foreign Relations." The American Assembly is a national, non-partisan, edu cational organization which holds national, international, and regional meetings and publishes books on current topics. In February, the uni versity played host to the Pa cific Northwest Assembly, co sponsored by (he American Assembly, at which automa tion and technological change were discussed. Ministerial Group To Meet Tuesday Morning The March meeting of the Medford Ministerial associa tion will be held at 7:30 a.m. Tuesday, March 5, at the YMCA. A breakfast will be served the association mem bers. Following the breakfast Bob Jones, executive secre tary of the Y.MCA. will speak on physical fitness and the Y program. The meeting is open to all interested minis ters of the valley. least 100 Communists are still being held. But others besides the Com munists are afraid of the new laws. The Indian bureaucracy has generally avoided promis cuous use of its new powers, but there have been a few examples of their use against non-Communists. Opponents Jailed Three members of the mod erate opposition were arrest ed after distributing a pam phlet criticizing Nehru's con duct of the border clash with China. Months later they were still in jail, even though no charges had been filed against them. Of the numerous newspa pers which have received warnings from the govern ment, almost all are right wing publications which can be accused of opposing the ruling congress party, which do not sympathize with Red China. These have been isolated incidents, to be sure. But Nehru and other Congress party leaders have warned that the emergency laws may remain in force for four or five years. Many Indian lib erals wonder whether the In dian bureaucracy can resist a five-year temptation . to make vigorous use of its new powers. There seem to be three major threats to the democ racy of India: 1. The Communists and the far left. 2. The neo-fascist extrem ists of the far right. 3. The ruling Congress party. The Communists have a long way to go. Their strength is limned now primarily to the states of Kerala and West Bengal. They have lost the trust of the people since their Chinese comrades marched across the Himalayas into In dian territory last October. The Red Chinese attack caus ed a period of agenizing re appraisal on the part of the Indian Communists, and they have not yet regained their composure. The Indian far right In cludes a number of parties, all of them calling for a re vival of Hinduism, a strong centralized government, and the building of massive mili tary strength. Most fanatic of this group is the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). This" group goes in for Nazi style uniforms and military drill. It wants to see an ortho dox Hindu emprie ruling the whole sub-continent. The RSS was implicated in the murder of the revered Mahatma Gandhi. Liberal In dians believe this group, and other Hindu fanatics, would try to exploit any major in ternal crisis in order to seize power. Danger Within Party The third dang"r to India -the ruling Congress party and the bureacracy - is an ironic one. It is the Congress party parly which can take full credit for keeping alive the delicate hud nf democracy in this vast land, yet wilhin the party lies a distinct threat to the continuation of demo cratic rule. The Congress controls 80 per cent of the votes in the national parliament. It is the ruling party in every one of India's 16 states-. Its leader, Nehru, is a national hero who can do no wrong. The Congress party's huge majorities in every election make it legally possible for the Congress to amend the constitution at any time. It could easily install itself In absolute power and declare Nehru a dictator or king. It is to the party's credit that it has not done so. K ....... INDIA-CHINA . DISPUTE CHINA Umcimi eiiii INDI A ( M MAHON'TtNtl triinmt i I rJ s V I ! -r tM .in v . 1 1 b 1 1 I : rs -W. , : I.. tmimnm ...,? mm an. units I V ,e Mmuti v -1 y iti DISPUTE AREA - This newsmap shows two Sino-Indian border dispute areas - in the west, between Ladakh area of India and China's Sinkiang Province (1), and in the east around the disputed McMahon line (2). Areas claimed by both India and China are shaded. Chinese penetration last Fall ii shown by blacked-out triangles. (UPI) But there Is no guarantee that this immense power will always be used to promote democratic ideals. And, of course, the 73-year-old liberal minded prime minister will not live forever. The Congress has already shown that it can move harsh ly when its power is threat ened. In 1959, the central gov ernment seized power from the popularly elected stale government of Kerala which, unfortunately, had cast its votes for Communist officials. Presses for Amendment Today the Congress is push ing an amendment through parliament which is clearly aimed at the Dravida Munne tra Kazhagam (DMK), a poli tical party which is threaten ing to win majority support in the state of Madras. The DMK supports the eventual independence and union of Madras and three other states in southern In dia. The new amendment would make this kind of de mand a prison offense. Nandan Kagal, writing in the respected times of India, said: "For the union government to act as if the DMK poses a secessionist threat to the unity of India is to chase shadows. What it does pose is a threat to the Congress party's monopoly of power in Madras, which is not quite the same thing." The nationwide Congress party machine is a potential danger to the free play of political forces in India, but at the same time the Con gress is the most likely ce fender of the democratic sys tem. The men who rule the Con gress party are veteran politi cians. Thanks to their grip on the people's imagination, these leaders have rarely had to use violent or illegal means to gain, or retain, their pow er. Their strength lies in their ability to attract votes, and in a system of privilege and patronage which follows the typical- pattern of political machines in most democratic countries. When Nenru finally leaves the scene, it will be up to these masters of political in fighting to create a new lead ership through the system they know best-gaining votes in free elections. If they turn to other means, they will be playing a game at which the Communists and neo-fascists are the masters. For this reason, if no other, the machine politicians of the Congress party may well be Ihc real shield and hope ot continued and expanding de mocracy in India. Just Arrived NEW SHIPMENT Rhododendrons 40 Varieties Large Selection of FRUIT and SHADE TREES SHRUBS OPEN TODAY 8 TO 6 Southern Oregon Nursery Go. 2922 So. Pacific Hiway Landscaping Advice Phone 772-4387 I I I 'Win taw iii. t. e.Kn nfteit r -k T. Sec I f FARM BILL PLANNED Salem - ITI' - Sen. Don Willner (D-Portlandl said he is sponsoring a bill to bring more farm workers under workmen's compensation coverage. Cap C. Vandagrifr RIAL ESTAT! APPRAISER, CONSULTANT 1 NEGOTIATOR ANNOUNCES HIS NEW LOCATION 1 King Street Phone 779-1666 Medford, Oregon The ONLY Time-Tested GLASS FIREPLACE SCREEN Enjoyed by Thousands in the Rogue River Valley ADUTES MAXIMUM MEAT ELIMINATES tOOM MEAT lOSS, SAVES FUEl HOTECTS AGAINST flYINO SPASKS. ASHES, OUT AND DtArTS TWIN OOOHS OPEN WIDE FOt EAST tOADINO Of FUEL CONHOt DRAFT WITH TWO 5110 INO DOOS 0 FAST 0 SLOW FIRE SCHIO BRASS CriNTtiirTiAkj SEAUTT UNHEARD OF. THOUSANDS IN USE WINTER AND SUMMER IURN WOOO, COAL OR OAS :1 PHONE 772-7166 SMITH LUMBER CO. Corner tth and Fir St. ifT rSii,l JiKJ-- -SwT-t 'T-E-, "f iiivJ . IV, .V'll-iMN . L . "...an adventure in listening" The Earl Nightingale Program "Our Changing World" MONDAY THRU FRIDAY Twice Daily on KMED - 8:15 A.M. and 5:15 P.M. and Daily on KWIN- 12:25 P.M. For your copy ol the broadcast wnie, phone or step at JCF! y . i i H JACKSON COUNTY FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSN. Home Office -2 East Main, Medford Ashland Branch - 337 East Main, Ashland
