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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 21, 1963)
' MEDFORD MAIL. THIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21. 1963 0 j Rugged Desegregation Pioneers Almost Forgotten By Successors IT lrtfCPTur-t iii . .... ........... ...... ' Bt AL kuettner f t I . n . . wum-q rim uuwniuonil AUnU -4UHL In the long battle by Negroes to break down the segregation bar rier! In the South's institu- 4lnn. Ui 1 i . v"o ingucr learning, me rufffferi Rinnsart n 41,-. mnr. , r . u' uvc Dn aunosi lor otten amid the attention fo cused on their present day followers. . Those who iirst dared to knock at the doors of Dixie colleges and universities found trouble and frustration. But in the 27 years since Don ald Murray, a Negro, was or dered admitted to the Uni versity of Maryland 1 a w school, college doors have been opened to hundreds of Negroes in the South. Girl Pioneers Of the 240 public colleges with all white or predom inantly white enrollments, 150 will now accept Negroes. That's about 62 per cent. Par adoxically, only 15 of the 52 Negro colleges will accept white students, only 29 per cent. One of the most celebrated pioneers of college desegrega tion was a Negro girl named Autherine Lucy. On Feb. 1, 1956, armed with a court or der, she arrived on the cam pus of the University of Ala bama. She stayed for ihree days amid tension-charged ri oting. She was expelled for charging that the university conspired in the violence. Today, far removed from the limelight. Miss Lucy lives a quiet life as the wife of the Rev. H. L. Fosier, a Negro clergyman in Houston, Tex Looking back on her fright ening experience with deseg regation, Mrs. Foster said: :"1 wouldn't try it again, know ing what I know now. I just wanted to study. I had no idea of the trouble that would follow." Negroes Return Similarly, riots greeted the first Negroes to win admis sion under court order to the University of Georgia. Ham ilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter were removed from the Athens campus in a mid night rescue by the state pa trol in January of 1961. But the two Negroes re turned the next week under another court order and that time they stayed. The event broke the back of segregated school facilities in Georgia. Miss Hunter is still enroll ed at the university. While she is not involved in extra curricular activities on the campus, she is accepted aca demically as just another stu dent. She has a negro room mate, one of six Negroes now on the Georgia campus. Holmes, who will graduate with high grades from Geor gia in June, has been accept ed as a medical school student at Atlanta's Emory universi ty and will enroll next fall. Emory also was an all-white school but took Holmes in voluntarily. Ward Assists One of the Negro lawyers who helped Holmes and Miss Hunter win their case in court was Horace Ward, who tried for years but failed to win admission to the University of Georgia. After the University of Georgia victory for Holmes and Miss Hunter, Ward as sisted in the successful legal battles that peacefully deseg regated Atlanta schools and cleared the way for the seat ing of the first Negro in more than 50 years in the state senate. One of the most sensation al early desegregation fights involved spending thousands of dollars to get Ada Lois Si puel (now Mrs. Warren W. Fisher) into the University of Oklahoma. At one point in the battle, the state set up a special 3 BIG DAYS Friday - Saturday - Sunday FEB. 22-23-24 54 DEPARTMENTS Packed with SAVINGS! Holiday bargain spree! Fabulous values for your family, home. .always quality you can depend on. ry MSRTED IP YARDAGE r. 3M?&S' ffe i values to 6.95 a yard! 54' wide. yd REVLON SATIN SET The spray that keeps hair smooth without stickiness! Reg. 1.10 I U p.f. 78c Reg. 44c to 49c fabric In remnants up to 10 yards, lots of variety to choose from . . . prints, solids; cottons, rayons, othe fibers; in all colors. 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Court Acts Then there was Hcman Marion Sweatt, a Houston, Tex., mail carrier, who pio neered in the desegregation of Texas universities 13 years ago. In ordering Sweatt admit ted lo the University of Tex as, the Supreme Ourt issued one of its earliest denuncia tions of the "separate but equal" doctrine under which It had been traveling through out the 20th century on the issue of Negro education. Sweatt stayed at the Uni versity of Texas two years. Later he attended Atlanta uni versity and received a mas ter's degree in social work. He now works for the Nation al Urban league in Atlanta. Today school segregation is pretty much a thread-bare is sue in most of Texas. There are at least 125 Negros at the State university. The situation is about the same in North Carolina where almost 100 Negroes are en. rolled in the state colleges and universities. Two Professions One of the North Carolina pioneers, Edward O. Diggs, finished medical school and now practices in Washington, D. C. Another, Bernadine Booker, is teaching in a Ne gro college at Greensboro, N. C. Forty-four Negroes are en rolled at previously white slate - supported colleges in Virginia and in Florida bar riers have been dropped at the University of Florida since Negro George H. Starke Jr. enrolled in 1958. The next big college deseg regation battle may be at the University of Alabama again. Three Negroes have applied for admission to the Tusca loosa campus and the state government has indicated they will not be allowed to enroll without another all-out scrap. on EARLY SPRING GOATS 25 only . . . full length vinyl coats, with full pile lining . . . cozy pile collar. Blue, white, beige and brown, with contrast ing trim. Sizes 10-16. Very prac tical for windy or rainy spring weather.' Compare Newberrys low pricel Reg. 21.88. . 7iOO SKI JACKETS Quilted, 100 acetate shell or reversible 100 nylon, filled with fluffy orlon acetate. Some with hoodsl Alf have zip fronts and pockets. 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Made to for much, much more! Newberry s price will go back to 6.98 in O 17 onlv 3 davs! SHOP THE FAST, EASY WAY.. .USE YOUR NEWBERRY CHARGE ACCOUNT Always Lots of FREE PARKING at NEWBERRY'S SHOPPING CENTER FIRST NEGRO ACCEPTED - Autherine Lucy, 26, was the first Negro accepted by the University of Alabama. She was one of the desegregation pioneers who met with nothing but trouble and frustration in 193S. Today, living a quiet life in Houston, Tex., as wife of Negro Clergyman H. L. Foster, she says she wouldn't have entered the university had ah. known of the trouble that would follow. (UPI) Nuns of Red Hungary Now in Secular Work ILONA GAZDAG I1IPII - Thousands of nuns whose Roman Cath olic orders were dissolved by the Hungarian Com m u n i s t government 13 years ago now work as nurses, cooks or fac tory laborers. Others, forced almost over night and without warning into the world beyond their cloisters, have found jobs as house keepers, teachers and seamstresses. "The nuns were the victims of a battle between the Hun garian regime and the Roman Catholic church. In June, 1950, the govern ment closed down many con vents and monasteries. The following September It dis solved all but four of the fa'3 religious orders in Hungary with their 11,000 monks and nuns. Four Left The four left were the Bene dictines, Franciscans, Piarlsts and a teaching order of nuns. The rest found great diffi culty in returning to secular life, which coincided with a severe housing shortage. Some lucky ones were able to continue as teachers or nurses, the positions they held before. Others took whatever me nial employment they could find. In 1054 the Catholic wel fare organization came to the aid of those who still had not settled down. It founded the "Solidaritas" production com mune where several hundred former nuns could work to gether In their accustomed community. There now are 13 such com munities throughout Hungary, producing such things as leather gloves, lingerie, baby and doll clothes and religious garments. Forty per cent of the goods are for export. Homes Built Several homes also have been built for old and sick nuns. A few arc controlled by the church and supported by i the parishes. The majority are supported by the health and welfare ministry. But there are not enough of these homes. Many of the old and sick"live with their fam ilies. Those not eligible for so cial security receive a state pension of 800 forlnts ($20) a month. Th. few hundred nuns who were allowed to retain their orders live in the bishoprics or are teachers in the two parochial schools in Budapest and Debrecen. Some also work as nurses in the Buda pest religious hospitals and in the Esztergom hospital tot in curably ill children. No Habits They must wear every-day clothes, Instead of nun's hab its, when they appear in public. The curriculum at the paro chial schools includes Marxist- Leninist theory. Although th. nuns must learn.it, they are not required to take examina tions on the political or phi losophical facets of Commu nism. But new teachers are being recruited from the state universities. A limited number of no vices are permitted, but only lo replace nuns who have died. Because of this, there can be no increase of nuns In Hungary. Gigantic Salt Mine 1 Has Untold Supply Belle Isle, La.-WPD-A gigan tic new salt mine, containing enough salt to supply th. world's needs for centures, has been opened here by Car gill, incorporated. The dome tapped by the company's 1250-foot shaft will have an initial annual production of 400,000 tons of rock salt, which is used ex tensively in the chemical and other industries, and also is purchased by states, counties and cities for snow and ice removal. Only three per cent of such salt, according to Cargill, ends up in the kitchen or dining room. Sevvoge Wafer Tests Now Being Conducted University Park, Pa. -OlrH-Penn State university plans to Irrigate 160 acres of forest plantations and croplands with treated waste water from sewage In an effort to determine whether plant nu trients can be conserved. Under present plans, a por tion of the effluent from the local sewage disposal plant will be used. The effluent will have undergone a cus tomary sequence of disposal treatments ending with chlor tnatlon, I 1
