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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 10, 1963)
MEDFORD MAlu TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON Uneasy Alliance Makes Dissolution Possible SOiMLiAX, I'EbMUAn I jj, i-bj (Editor'! note Thii wtk'f topic ior in Crttt Dci siom progrim discussion Is "Rtd Chini and h USSR - How Firm an AUianca?" In ih following dispatch. Veteran UPI Moscow Corra pondant Henry Shapiro r views the uneasy alliance. Shapiro is in this country at present, but will return to Moscow shortly.) r By HENRY SHAPIRO United Press International - The uneasy Soviet Chinese '- alliance has, in recent months, suffered such severe r jolts that its formal dissolu ' tion would appear almost "- unavoidable. The ideological divergences, i conflicts of national Interest -i and tough rivalry for influ ': ence in the Communist camp since 1S54 have reached such 1 proportions as to raise the question whether the 13-year. old alliance has ever been meaningful. i The alliance was formal. Z ized in Moscow on Feb. 14 1950,. when Mao Tse-tung signed a treaty of friendship, Z alliance and mutual assist- y ance with the Soviet Union, The parties undertook to v act Jointly in the prevention 'T of aggression by Japan "or any other state associated . with Japan," and to render " each other assistance in the " event of attack. The "other t stale" was obviously the Unit-r- ed Slates. Aid Stops In 1 954 The treaty was supplement- ed by an economic agreement which promised China sud t stantial credits and technical aid without which Peking ! would have been unable to - launch its grandiose plans for v industrialization. i There was no public dlsclo- sure of promised military aid. But there is adequate evi v dence that the Russians ; helped in training the Chinese :T army and supplied military c equipment up to and includ--" ing the Korean War. 1- But there appears to have been little military coopera- tion after 1854 ana u is gen erally believed in the West that Russia has denied China nuclear know-how and has not delivered any of the more ' sophisticated modern weapons. Also, by 1961 Soviet ex- norts to China had dwindled to the lowest point In the hls- -5 tory of the alliance. And all . Soviet technical experts by . them had withdrawn or been - expelled. .? The Communist Scandal The character of Sovlet- - Chinese cooperation had 2 undergone critical transfer- mation in all respects and the ;T growing rift between the two Z great powers had become a . major public scandal in the Communist world. - Given the size and power ":' of China, its traditional pride .-. of culture, the independent success of the Chinese Com K munists in seizing power and '; the geographic remoteness from Moscow, rivalry and conflict were inevitable. " They were muted In Sta lin's time, partly due to the - legendary stature of the So i vicl dictator which empow ered the Communist world lo speak in one voice the Kremlin's. The conflict inescapably erupted soon after Stalin's " death and his denigration by Khrushchev which surprised 1 and shocked the Chinese. It was aggravated by the subse- " quent clash of personalities ; between the practical, mod- erate and ebullient Khru. !; lectual, doctrinaire Mao Tse- ' tung. I Steps Toward Rift - The early caution and re- straint, gradually disap I peared, marked by these milestones: ; -After the Middle Eastern crisis of 1958. Khrushchev, X apparently without eonsult . ing the Cliinese, agreed to a : summit meeting within the Z UN Security Council and pre- sumably the participation of - Nationalist China. After a : hurried trip lb Peking. Khru- ; shchev yielded to Chinese v protests and repudiated his Z agreement lo the sum. .it con- fc-rence. -The Chinese undertook lo organize their Ill-fated com ; munes against the opposition " of the Russians who consid ered them "primitive" and ' "unfeasible." -The Chinese made no so ;, cret of their resentment at ' Khrushchev's efforts to - achieve an accommodation with the United States during " his visit to Camp David. The ; Chinese press virtually Ig nored Khrushchev's visit to : "' the United States. t -In February, 1900, during FREE MARRIAGE LICENSE , Windsor, Conn. - MD -Town Clerk George J. Tudan will play Cupid on Valen-1 tine's day, Tudan will issue ; free marriage licenses that j day along with a gift pack-! - age of household items for I both prospective bride and, Krnom. I iPRE-IHVEHTORTiU INSPECT HONOR GUARD Soviet Premier Nikita Khru shchev, right, acompanled by Chinese Communist Party Leader Mao Tse-tung, shown in picture taken in 1959, in spects honor guard upon Khrushchevs arrival in Peiping for a visit. (UPI) the 10th anniversary of the alliance, Khrushchev toured India, cementing friendly re lations with that country in complete disregard of Chinese interests. "It is a sad and stu pid story, bloodshed over use less territory, Khrushchev told this correspondent In 1960 when asked to comment on the Slno-lndiun border dis pute. The Sino-Sovict conflict appeared to reach a climatic phase with the Soviet agree ment to remove their nuclear missiles from Cuba which the Chinese promptly denounced as a "Munich and "surren der to the Imperialists." The Chinese had no more voice in the Soviet decision than Fidel Castro. This time their Indignation knew no bounds. To Khrushchev's ex planation that "the American tiger had nuclear teeth," Peking's official "People's Daily" retorted with words like "betrayal," "fright" and cowardly surrenaer. Khrushchev himself, In his speech to the East German party congress last month, while conciliatory in tone to ward the Chinese, vigorously reaffirmed his policy of 'compromise and conces sions." He rejected the Chinese proposal for a Communist summit conference to discuss leuvagc within the camp on grounds such a mectinR might produce a final split and urged a cooling of passions. He left it to the Chinese to make the final step. In view of these circum stances, it is reasonable to suggest that, with the excep tion of the first five or six years, the Sino-Soviet alli ance the so-called mono lithic bloc" has lacked sub stance and reality. It appears to have been monolithic only in the Western mind. Not only has there been little or no consultation and agreement on questions of major political, diplomatic, economic and military policy, but some of the institutions needed to draft and imple ment such policies were not even set up. Future Uncertain There is no Soviet-Chinese counterpart to NATO. China I is not a member of the War saw Pact although it has par ticipated in some sessions as an observer. While the Russians have unreservedly supported Pe king's claim lo Formosa, It is by no means certain follow- !ng the Cubnn affair wheth er Moscow would rush to Chi na's aid If the Red Chinese tried to seize Chang Kaishek's island and ran into full-scale war with the United States. In spite of the critical slate of present relations, the bonds of common Interest may still provide over-riding reasons for maintaining the alliance, shaky as it may be. It appears that Moscow and Poking might prefer to con tinue what they call their "family quarrel" indefinitely and maintain the vestige of alliance. Try and Stop Me By BENNETT CERF TT7TLLIAM BEEBE, in "The Book of Naturalists,'' tells ' about a little game he and President Teddy Roosevelt used to play in the lattor's summer home at Sagamore HtlL After nn evening of con versation, they would go out on the lawn and search"' ine skies until they found a faint spot of light mist beyond the lower left hand comer of the great square of Pegasus. Then T. R. would intone gravely, "There is the spiral gal axy of Andromeda. It is as large as our Milky Way. It is one of the hundred million galaxies. It consists of one hundred million suns, each larger than our own sun." T. R. invariably would pause at this point, grin, and con clude, "Well, Will, I guess we realize again how small we are. Let's go to bed!" Bob Campbell, Westwood book tycoon, was dawdling over a eoond cup of coffee one Sunday A lt, reading "The Canterbury Talee." when hl wife Blanche demanded. "What have vou eni i there?" Campbell answered airily, "Just my cup and Chaucer." In an 111-advlsed moment, a prominent evangelist in Oklahoma City elated categorically to an Inquiring newshawk that there are 785 sins. Within the next four days his mailbox was flooded with re quests tor itemized lists. O 1963. b Bennett Cert. Ctttrtbuted by Kinf Futures Syndic te Cap C. Vandagrift REAL ESTATE APPRAISER, CONSULTANT & NEGOTIATOR ANNOUNCES HIS NEW LOCATION 1 King Street Phone 779-1666 Medford, Oregon FEB. 11 THRU SATURDAY, FEB. 16 A SALE of EXTRA VALUE! All Items from i Our Stock of Fine Merchandise . . . SHOP I EVERY DEPARTMENT ON ALL THREE FLOORS BARGAINS GALORE! GLASSWARE ' Hand Blown Dessert leers Set of 4.. I Hand Blown Hi-Balls-Sot of 8 1 16-Pe. Dessert Set-Reg. $6.95 24-Pc. Tumblers-Reg. $8.95 I 8-Pe. 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