Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 31, 1962)
14 A MONDAY. DECEMBER 31. 1962 MEDFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD. OREGON b m n n n lie r fain gT?s i:s L'l iJ U U Vi Four Years Under -Fidel Sastr 'V : . , : .'M -iZl.f,.-. ! Edilor-. nole: Four years! tl ,S. . ; ' .' Mi, ' . f 7! r .' ' I ago Tuesday Fide! Castro PROCLAMATION SIGNED - On Jan. 1, 1863, President Lincoln signed the Emanci pation Proclamation and the slaves were free. Also on that day the President looked toward the New Year. There was little fav orable news to consider; the Union Army was demoralized near Fredericksburg, Va., and morale was generally low. He could I - ft i Lincoln, Seward Siqn By MERTON T. AKERS UPI Correspondent President Lincoln shook hands all morning on Jan. 1, 1863,' first with cabinet mem bers, then with officers of the armed services and later with citizens who called at the White House to wish him a Happy New Year. The day was wet and White House servants covered the rugs in the Blue Room, where Lincoln received, to catch the mud scuffed from dirty boots. Soon after noon Secretary of Slate William H. Seward and his son, Frederick, went to the White House carrying an engrossed copy of the Pres ident's permanent Emancipa tion Proclamation. Lincoln was alone when the Sewards entered his of fice. The President spread the engrossed proclamation on a table and dipped his pen. Willi it poised, he said to the Sewards: "I never, In my life, felt more certain that I was doing right, than 1 do in signing this paper. But I have been receiving calls and shaking hands since nine o'clock this morning, till my arm is stiff and numb. Now this signature is one that will be closely ex amined, and if they find my hand trembled they will say, 'he had some compunction.' But anyway, it's going to be done." Then he wrole in firm script, "Abraham Lincoln," at the bottom of the proclama tion. Signed by Seward Seward signed it also and with that the slaves were freed - the slaves, that is. who bi'longcrl In nnyono "in rebellion against the United States." At the Smith plantation on Port Royal Island, one of the Sea Islands on the South Carolina coast, there was a unique celebration that New Year's Day. Port Royal Island had been ; captured by the Federals in 1 November I8(il. Soon the islands were ', crowded by esc:tpt'd .slaves. ' The army first put them to j work and then besan recruit ing them into military units. New Year's was to be a special day for the newly lib erated slaves. They roasted 10 beeves and made 10 barrels of nini.ss"s and water, a mild drink con sisting of three gallons (if molasses, half a pound of Hor and a quart of vinegar to a barrel of water a drink described as "destined to cheer but not inebriate." Tlie Netiro soldiers in red Zouave pants and blue coats stood at attention in a crowd of ex slaves and onlookers. The colonel of the rei:i ni v n t. Thomas Wentworth HiiUinson. a dedicated abo litionist of New Kokand, a minister and a man of letters, later described the scene: Beqan With Prayer "The services bean at half past eleven o'clock, with a prayer. Then the President's proclamation wa read bv Dr. W. 11 Hib:vn. ;, thine infinitely appropriate, a South Caml man addressing South Carolinians, f r he was reared anion; thee very is lands, and here lonn since emancipated his own slaves Then the colors were present ed to us by the Rev Mr. Kranch. a c'i.ip!,un who brought them from the d n ofs in New York All this was according ;o pnir.imoir "Then followed an incident so simple, so touch. im;. , ut terly unexpected and slart linil, that I can si-arc ly be live it on recalling tho'.ujh it jiave the keynote to the w hole day 'The er moimni ;-e speaker had ceased, and just r 1 took and waved the Bffl B3 SPS tm 2X3 SG1V1L flag . . . there suddenly arose, close beside the platform, a strong male voice (but rather cracked and elderly), inlo which two women's voices in stantly blended, singing as if by an impulse that could no longer be repressed than the morning note of a song soar row - " 'My country, 'tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing.' "People looked at each other and then at us on the platform- . . . Firmly and ir repressibly the quavering voices sang on, verse after verse . it made all other ! words seem cheap; it seemed the choked voice of a race at last unloosed . . . Just think of it! - the first day they ever had a country, the first flag they ever had seen which promised anything to their people ..." When the song ended, llig ginson wrote, "tears were everywhere." Besides the proclamation, the effect of which remained to be seen, Lincoln could find little else that day on the fav orable side. What of 1863? What did the young year hold for Lin coln and the Union? For Jef ferson Davis and the Confed eracy? Lincoln could read the facts only too well. The Army of the Potomac lay demoralized across the Rappahannock River from j Fredericksburg, Va., where it had spilled a torrent of blood I in vain two weeks before. Morale collapsed and deser tions jumped to 5,000 a month. Men who had storm- ! cd at Ma rye's Heights at,';iinst I !a parapet of cannon fire now : developed scurvy from a j hardtack and pork diet. Filly i miles away Washington civ- ' i ilians toasted the New Ycjr in champagne. i Told To Hold Up The army's commander. Mnj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burn side, was chafing to send this beaten army on another win ter campaign and perhaps -as far ns Lincoln knew - into another disaster like Frod- I ericksburi;. which had moved I Lee to say "it is well that war , is so terrible we should ; mow too fond of it." Lincoln hesitated and told I Burnside to hold up the cam i pa i fin. On this New Year's 1 d a y L i n co 1 n w ro 1 e an o rd e r , to Maj. Cien. Henry V Hal , leek, commander of all the I'nion armies, to go to P.urn side s Headquarters, confer j with him and his staff and i make a recommendation on i the proposed campaign. Out West the political and j military situations were no better, per bans worse. The old Northwest - Ohio, Indi ana and Illinois - was rest- less. Traditionally Democrat- : ic. these states seemed to be losing their war spirit The Democrats were bt winning to believe what had started out ( to be a war to save the I'nion now w ;k heeommiug a Re publican war to dostroy slavery. The old Northwest furnished loo many men. too much money and too much ' food to be neglected. There was a flurry of fiizht im; as the year ended Mai. Cen William T Sherman was fighting aboe Vick-burg and Mai. Oen. W:Miam S Rosocrans was f mhting at Murfreehoro T c n n on Stones Iivcr On Now Y.-.irs iV.y l.oi ro!n kr-i-v t!-.r iv.i'.vt.'irc .if nri:hor b;itilv P;) is wouid rv.id a hv-c':-rr p;iiir. Year Better tot South The ye;ir of IPfij h;ui hot n be! I or for tin South :n:m Im North, but bv N'( w Yo.ir mmh d li'.it s unt' hoi; Tho Rirhmond K,iniini" overs t.dod tho s;i-o .md t-. 1 T ' -rf S. I only look toward a year of difficult fighting and more political unrest within his own party. The winter was a iiard one and the prospects in the field were dimmed by the . weather. Here, in a drawing from the Li brary of Congress collection, Union forces are shown as they moved into winter quar ters just before the first of the year. (UPI) : mm ' WE S 1 Dec. 31 "The last day of a terrible year." Christmas had been a lit tle merrier in Richmond than in thP ' trn,.i i,i u.rk were Sll each and shoes $33 pair. Snowstorm piled on snow- ! storm as the year ended and i fuel prices soared - wood was j$18 a cord. Eggs, butler and ' potatoes were available but ! fresh meat and chickens were not to be bought, i A note of sadness creDt into a letter Gen. Lee wrote to his wjfn, Mary, on Christmas day with the memory of his vic tory at Fredericksburg still fresh in his mind: "I will commence this holy day dearest Mary by writing to you ... I pray that on this dav when 'pence and good will' are preached to all man kind, that better thoughts will fill the hearts of our enimies and turn them to peace . . ,'" i 9475 WaJiSiaha. for TEEN-AGE FASHION MODEL DOLL I No ordm uy doll clothes i are !he-e they're Lkunnrous i high-lasmon patterns created i for the teen model 'vho's prin , ces of the doil world. Save i dollars use scraps. Printed Pattern !47.V Ten iitem wardrobe for IPj-inch I teen f;'s!uon model doli. FIFTY CK.Vl'S m corns for 1 this pattern add 10 cents for e.n-'.i pattern tor first-eias mad Send to ?!;in.,n M,.r';n. i tern Dent.. So.) Wi st 1 oih St.. Ni u-l; IF NAM!" N ' P: ADD1' VL.F. N 'h Si.F OKFFR C Pa!t"rn C.. :M e-c now t.r C, 1 2 6 Cl, ll'i" fv '111 A- ml : U k4 '1 LEA RAfi?luP, fm J Fifth nd BartleU seized power in Cuba follow ing the pre-dawn flight of President Fulgencio' Batista. Since then Cuba under Castro has become a beachhead for communism in the Americas. UPI correspondent Francis L. McCarthy, who was in Cuba at the time of the revolt, re- viowc in thn f nl let win a flis- 1 natrk (ha PiiKfln trancitinn tin. I dcr Castro. b francis r.. McCarthy United Press International Latin American News Editor Cuban diclalor Fulgencio Batista fled Havana in the grey, early morning hours of New Year's Day, 1U59. Within hours, followers of Fidel Casiro seized power for the young revolutionary. In the four years that have elapsed since the beginning of the Castro government, '.he Cuban transition from democ racy to dictatorship has been complete. Cuba is today the first Soviet satellite' in the Amer icas. Cubans, plagued by nearly three years of civil strife and restricted civil liberties, hailed Batista's flight. They welcomed Castro as a "liber ator." Few of thorn anticipated the fate in store for themselves under Castro's rule. Cuban or ganized labor has been ship ped of its social gains, '.lie j people as a whole have been deprived of their civil rights, i Seizes Property 1 In the four years that. I Castro has been in power, tens of thousands of privately owned businesses have been confiscated, more than a quar ter of a million Cubans have been driven into exile and several billions of dollars in foreign assets and capital in vestment have been seized without compensation. American investors alone have lost more than SI. 4 j billion in Cuba. Castro has admitted the "execution" of more than 1.000 known enemies. His political foes in exile claim the list of 'firing squad vic tims actually exceeds the 3.000 mark. At least 50.000 of Castro's ; political foes languish in jails land concentration camps ! thrnni'hniit Cuba for their nil- position to his regime. Four years after his seizure of power, Castro is today from the military sense still the master of Cuba. Hundreds of thousands of tons of Soviet military equip ment at an expenditure of more than S100 million, and the creation of an armed force of an estimated 300,000 men and women ten times the size of any previous Cuban army have seen to that. Takes lis Toll Economically, the four years of socialist "destruc tion" of the capitalist system long existent in Cuba has had : its toll. i The Cuban peso once on 'a par with the U.S. dollar : no longer is traded in world I currency markets. Its black ! market price ranges de ; pendent on the currency in Uolveri down to 20 to the ! dollar. ' I The nat ii n's economy -! once hinged tn that of its American neiunbor to the nort i --- now is entirely cic ! pendent on Communist aid. Cubi.'s foreign trade of toJay j is more Hum iiO per cent lied I in w ith the Communist world. The Cuban sugar crop ; the country, even after four c:irs of Castro continues to I be a one-crop economy is : bartered insh-ad of sold. I Toe 1 :i!!t'd Stai es one , bme.tht nearly a billion dol i l-'H's a ye;ir of Cuban su ar. , Tiie same su-tar now is a bar . U r iVm in Cuban trade wl'n Hi" Crmmumst world. To d m Cuba tor the fir-: ti:ue in that inland's hi-tory is now rationed. Most conunod- ities are, too. The so-called j working and military classes 'under Castro have priority in t heir .'icmiisit ion. ' Lone Effort Fails l:i tour year-;, only one nia ,or armed eiiort has be. n nuuie tt) topple Castro's Com munist regime. That was in April. Phil, when an estimat ed l.,'.oo Cuban '"soldiers id i fret d.-m' 'stormed ashore at t.!ie '. of Pi us, near Ib.vana, to try to M-ie enough Cuban ternior for format .on of a ' govcrnmi nt-m-arms." The F.av id Vc inv,isi"n. ,n w ha Ii the Unit e d Si-H.'s p:a'd a proirerir-it role, u.is a fiihtrc Castro nelled near ly 1 Jiiii war Prisoners C.r'oi:p in t e Cui'-'H S'ab h:-'e siu" ra:s; .i an esiuna'ed r " ' "T r Ci .j.f 4 Ot 5..tticn Winrn, 'cn-ji c T-Jii-. RiH. orlr 9000 -r C-ne. l.kc Hew. S1SCS.C3 I) Phono 772-61 85 Dennis the Menacs i &fU 1 I III i". iiiliii! I! wJif III $c"3 million in ransom food-1 stuffs and drugs to free the Cuban invasion captives. i However, it has been in the field of international diplo macy that Cuba has played its most prominent role in the I four years of Castro rule. i In October, 1962, the United j States and Soviet Russia had! their first so-called confrun- j tation in modern history over i the question of Soviet armed ' aid to the Castro regime. 1 The Russians, with Cuban, collaboration, installed nuc-! lear warheads and other of fensive weapons, posing ai threat to the United States, j The Russians withdrew! their warheads and bombers and pledged withdrawal of their military forces in Cuba only after the United Stales put troops on the alert and warned that any nuclear re taliation for a rocket attack on the American mainland would b a shower of mis- sues, on uie ouviei nomeiam;. The Soviet pullous did not j please Casiro or his cohorts, out tne Cuban economy lias become so dependent on the Pnmmuniiit u-nrM ih:i) ilmrr was little or nnlhino ,h, - Cuban dictator could do about it- i That Soviet-Cuban relations! have been severely strained its ! a result has become clearly evident to the non-Communist world. However, only time will leil whether the strain has been so severe as to lead Castro to contemplate a niorc "inde- pendent" form of socialist thinking or, perhaps, closer tics with the Red Chinese. I lllUIWUIILk .- ft if Ji:S (? v For Fare luiivv) Products Ash fcr ' Red China Defends M c! Llns' Policy i tut Tokyo - IITII - Communist China today made its stronK cst public defense of its "hard line" policy in the most open challenge yet to Soviet lead ership of international com munism. A 20. 000-word editorial in the official Peking People's Daily accused Soviet Premier Xikita S. Khrushchev and other Communist critics of China as beinq "timid as mice" when the American "paper tiRer'' bares its "nuc lear teeth." It defended the theory that war is "necessary," described Khrushchev's peaceful coex istence as "absurd'' and said the Soviet backdown in Cuba "can only be regarded as 100 per cent appeasement, a I 'Munich pure and simple The reference to Khrus! irusn- chev and the Soviet Union was indirect but unmistak able. l Bayonnc, N.J. - H'PH - Broth- ; crs Jscph. Samuel, Anthony aim v-arru'ii Alalia had 10 take turns Sunday standing on the roof of their bar to j keep about 300 patrons hap py. They each spent la min utes at a time steadying a special ;)0-foot television an tenna in high winds which were disrupting reception of Hie National Football league i championship game being ! broadcast by a Philadelphia 'station. ds 3$ i$ Efcds to Yen v , i , t4w J?Zrr 1 -r:. r ! Nov Mexico Secret ot Jesse Jarr.rc z.ti zzio Albuquerque, N.M.-'l'Pl'-Joe Suazo, a Santa Clara Indian who presumably knows where $645,000 in gold bullion is hid den on his reservation, was in jail today because he won't tell where. A man who said he is a grandson of Missouri's notori- ous bandit Jesse James claims that James- hid the gold, 1,260 pounds of it in 90-pound in gots, cn the Santa Clara Res ervation in northern New Mexico after the Civil War. Jesse L. James, Manitou, Colo., said his grandfather gave him the gold before he died, and told him how to find it. The gold was not loot from robberies, the grandson said, but was collected by James to help finance a hoped-for sec ond rebellion in the South. Legally His James convinced U.S. Dis trict Judge Waldo Rogers at Albuquerque that if the gold exists it is legally his. James said in his suit that on March 10, 1960, he and Su azo located the gold on a Time Magazine Picks Pope os 'Man of Year' New York -IITII T ime ma; azine has named Pope John XXIII "Ma of the Year" for 19B2. Time said it was the first time a religious figure has been designated "Man of the Year" since the annual choice was begun in 1927. The maga zine said the Ecumenical Council convened by the pontiff will have far-reaching effects on the world. POPULATION RISES Washington - llil'li - The Census Bureau said today the U.S. population would reach an estimated 188.045,000 on New Year's Day, a gain of 2, 755.000 or 1.5 per cent over last Jan. 1. ?-';- "jt'j o o o o All a tat vwia ;;4:1'?' 1202 NO. V':"f';, Riverside ill! fa IP Wjrmetf wijhci to YOU, our fnendi jnd neighbor!, for 4 year ahead fhat'i filled with Happtncii, Health and Good Fortune. All of ui, here at Jorgcnicn't, art .grateful for your increasing use of our products during tht pait year. Indian mountain on the Santa Clara i Reservation, following his' grandfather's directions. But James said he was ill. f there was de p snow on the mountain, and he derided not to try to carry the heavy in gols away imr.n d;ate'.y. But before he couUI conn1 back for the :o!d. Ji-nics s-nci. Suazo moved it to another hid ing place and refused to toll where it was unlil tho "spir its" told him to do so. i Order Refused Judge Rogers ord.uvd Su azo to surrender the goid to James, without waiting for the spirits' assent. Bui the In dian, who lives at the Santa Clara- Pueblo 23 miles north of Santa Fe. aid not comply. V -V l!v 3 V. P. tw -; i-- 'tx-i-ij Year's Eus m m YEAJ15 i i u, V i To Hold On Dec. 17. Rogers ordered Pua:'o to appear in court and explain why he had not given uo the gold. Suazo did not snow up. U.S. marshals, on Rogers's orders, arrested Suazo at the Santa Clara Pueblo Wednes day and jailed him in Albu querque. He is being held without bond until Rogers, who is ill, can return to tho bench. "OIL TO BURN" Mob.lhcat S & H Green Stamps MEDFORD FUEL CO. 772-2111 Warm wishes for the New Year and a deeply . felt Thank you" to all our won derful patrons, whom we have so happily served. Jim and Nelda Roberts Ivliald i acH Z'r.zW Scrvics 2101 Darned Road Phone 773-4462 DAY! t
