Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, November 01, 1962, Image 4

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Medford mail tribune., November 01, 1962, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextTHURSDAY. MEDF0RIvi$2&TR!BUNi "Everyont'lirsouthirn drejon ' ??ld!.Tll-!iLTr'buPe" Pub'.iihjd Dally except Saturday by MEDFORD PRINTING CO. S3 North Fir J5t.. Ph, 172-8141 ROBERT W. RIIHL. Editor HTRB GREY Advertising Manager GERALD T LATHAM. Bu. Mgr. ERIC W ALLEN JR.. MM. Editor r.ARL H ADAMS. City Editor HARRY CHIPMAN. Tele Editor RICHARD JEWETT. Sports Editor OLIVE STARCHER Women's Editor DALE ERICKSON. ClrculiUon Mr An Independent Newspaper Entered aa second class matter at Medford. Orecon. under Act of March 3. 18117 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Mail In Advance. Daily and Sunday 1 year 118 00 Daily and Sunday 6 moa 10.00 Daily and Sunday 3 moa. S.00 Sunday Only One year 15.00 Single Copy (Malledl 300 Bv Camel And Motor Route, n.ilv and Sunday 1 year 121.00 Daily and Sunday 1 mo. 1.73 Sunday Only 1 mo. 50c Carrier andVendori i ijopy 10c Official-Paper of City of Medford Official Paperof Jackson County United Press In'arnational Full Leased Wire V. P. I. Telephoto Ncwsplcturea "MEMBER OF AUDIT BUREAU" Advertising Representative: NELSON ROBERTS 4 ASSOCI ATES Offices In New York, Chi cago Detroit. San Francisco. Los Angeles. Seattle. Portland. Denver. NATIONAL EDITOHIAl W NtwspAPin aarfjSV PUUSHI VS-a'ssociati ERS SOCIAIION Flight o' Time Medford and Jackson County History from th files of The Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40 snd SO years ago. 10 YEARS AGO Nov. 1. 1952 (Saturday) The Mail Tribune and Radio Station KYJC have set up facilities for the fastest and most complete coverage of election returns ever provided in Jackson county. Slate Representative Robert Root has gone on record as opposing the proposed meas ure which would prohibit weather control in Jackson county. 20 YEARS AGO Nov. 1. 1942 (Sunday) Very light voting reported from Medford polling places only 26 ballots cast in North Central precinct up to 1 p.m. From Arthur Perry's "Ye Smudge Pot" column: "After the onc-cup-a-day coffee ra tioning goes into effect lovers of the ambrosia will start driving over the hump to Cali fornia in a blizzard to gel a second one." 30 YEARS AGO Nov. 1, 1932 (Tueiday) Jackson county valuation for 1932 set at $27,308,130, county assessors reports. Medford school budget for 1933-34 trimmed down $79, 165 from budget for previous fiscal year. 0 YEARS AGO Nov. 1, 1922 (Wednesday) William Offutl home rob bed; thieves make off with articles valued at about SHOO. Ray Trowbridge, Medford seriously injured when tractor overturns on htm In Camas Valley accident. SO YEARS AGO Nov. 1, 1912 (Friday) County Surveyor Frank A. Griscz dies at home in Ash land. H. A. Canaday, Medford, a "lifelong Republican," w h o was nominated by Democrats to run for justice of peace. asks support of Republicans 1 to assure his election. Whal's Your I.Q.? Nine er tan correct It superior; seven er eight is eicettent; five ei sii is good. 1. What is a year divisible evenly by four usually called'' 2. What is the capital ot Missouri'.' 3. Is the moon larger, or mailer, than the planet Mer cury? 4. Who was the famous woman saloon wrecker, who used the hatchet? 5. Which slate was the first to ratify the U. S. Constitu tion? 8. In what war did Robert E. Lee and U. S. Grant fight on the same side? 7. Are snowflakos four, six or eight sided? 8. In which stale do the Ft io Grande and South Plntte livers rise? 9. Is lower California a part of the United Slates? 10. Who were Ihe first while men known to have jeen the Mississippi river? Answers: 1. Leap year. 2. Jefferson City. 3. Smaller. 4, Carrie Nation. 3. Delaware, 6. Mexican War. 7. Six tided 8. Colorado. 9. No. 10. Da Soto and hit follower!. No Radioactivity Found in Oregon iMi7fc Portland HWT h e U. S. Public Health Service said Wednesday it has found some areas in the country in which radioactive Iodine in milk In creased in August and Sep tember. Rut It said It found no tuch evident l.i Oregon. NOVEMBER 1, 1962 The Oregonian We endorsed Sen. election some days ago since have had no cause Hi3 opponent, Sig Unander, has been attempt- lnir to make political hay out of the Cuban situa' tion, and in our view without regard to the understanding of the legalities and complexities involved. Senator Morse, on right. (He usually is, he sometimes goes about THE Portland Oregonian yesterday, in one of tVio tsrniivlncf oi-lifni'i'ala uo Vipvo 0VPV fippn attempted to twist facts and quotations to make them support Unander's position. Such 1 tactics can succeed only with those whose partisanship blinds them to common If one agrees with the Cuban build-up of Soviet military aid had two phases, first, weapons primarily usable in defense, and second, weapons capable of of fensive action, and that the latter phase occurred suddenly, one has to concede that Morse was solidly behind the President, and that his posi tion was correct. The Oretronian, apparently, dismisses airily the Defense Department's evidence that the character of the weaponry changed within a few days. The burden of proof (which it cannot pro vide) rests on the Oregonian. TTHE Portland newspaper also completely disre- gards the fact that, on Sept. 21, the Senate passed a resolution concerning Cuba, which stated that the U.S. is "determined to prevent in Cuba the creation or use of an externally supported military capability endangering the security of the United States." Senator Morse supported the resolution in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. On Sept. 13 in a speech on the Senate floor, he also said: "If they (Castro and Khrushchev) proceed with any program for aggression in Cuba, such as ground-to-ground missiles, or launching installations that would endanger Miami, New York, Chicago, or any other part of the United States, let them understand that we have no intention of waiting for them to fire the first missile. "When intelligence reports come to my committee , disclosing any such information as that, the Senator from Oregon will yield lo no one in this body in urging that our government take whatever measures are necessary lo protect our security." The Oregonian concluded its editorial: "Nor will he (Senator Morse) admit that President Kennedy's sudden decision to do something to stop Soviet arming ot Cuba was contradictory to what Sen. Morse had been advocating." The Oregonian should retract that implica tion. It's an out-and-out falsehood. E.A. Measures Recapitulation Most of the nine measures to be voted on next Tuesday are relatively simple, and can be voted on with confidence. Three of them, how ever, deserve a bit more consideration. We have explained briefly the principal pro visions of each in this space before, but in re sponse to requests, herewith present an even briefer recapitulation, together with our recom mendations. MO, 1 Reorganize State Militia. This is a "housekeeping" amendment, to eliminate ob solete requirements, to bring the Constitution up to date, and the National duard into contornuty with Federal standards, including those for con scientious objectors. There is little if any op position. Vote "ves." NO. 2 Forest Rehabilitation Debt Limit A ivwin, liiimil ,nnllini h ro iciil'nn ni n r mniisill-o l,i lin lvicn rlolit limit fnrmiil:i nil trno i":ih vnlllp. which cannot be changed assessed valuation, winch can. Does not change actual dollar limitations. Vote "yes." MO. ; Permanent Road Debt Limit Amend- ' nient. Applies the same formula as in No. 2 to road debt. Vote "yes." MO. I - ' Amend ment. Similar MO. 5 State Courts: C ' tion. Permits legislature courts according to a county's own needs, rather than according to population formula. No op position. Vote "yes." MO. G Daylight Saving Time. Would put state on uniform Daylight time, also in con formity with Washington and California. To eliminate time confusion, vote "Yes." MO. 7 Constitutional Six Per Cent Limita A tion Amendment, W'owUl permit taxing units to keep tax base even if no tax levied, plus two minor "housekeeping" amendments. Vote "Yes." MO, 8 Restricting Commercial Fishing on ' Columbia River. This was ruled off ballot by state supreme court, due to faulty title on peti tion, but it may appear on some early-printed ballots. No need to vote; it wouldn't be counted. MO. 9 Legislative Apportionment Constitu tional Amendment. Would give some slight recognition in the house of representatives to economic and area needs of the state in ap portioning legislature, with all other seats being apportioned by population. A fair and workable compromise, v ote "es. 10 Repeals School District Reorganiza- l tio lon J.aw. rresent law measure is an invitation confusion in many school a long step backward for education. Vote "No." Should Retract Wavne L. Morse for re albeit reluctantly and to regret it. has done so irresponsibly, facts, and with a lack of the other hand, has been despite the offensive way proclaiming it.) sense and logic. President Kennedy that arbitrarily, rather than!,"' andsauist'hcchaTige5 Power Development Debt Limit to 2 and 3. Vote "yes." Creation and Jurisdic- egislature to create and oeitne has worlM well. I his to chaos and expensive districts, and would be primary and secondary: E. A. " I MEDFORD "Now, Where Wai I?" Communications Brain Teaser To the Editor: On the day of tricks, I would like to send you a: Brainteaser , . . Paradox to end all para doxes . , . The richest, most educated, most anti-Communist country in the world has Just sent four UN representatives from four pro - Communist countries to Communist Cuba to ask a Communist dictator to dis mantle the king of the Com. munists missues that are aimed at the heart and vital parts and population centers of this most anti-Communist country; while the arms quar antine, the aerial reconnais sance and now the American press has been temporarily turned off. UN repr esentatives are from these countries: 1. Burma 2. Brazil 3. The Arab Republics 4. India (turned anti-Communist Oct. 29, 1962.) All of the above four coun tries have been pro-Communist and doing business as usual with the Communists. The population of this coun try have all settled down and consider we have bested the Communists. What do you think? Who Is passing out the tranquilizers? A worried American housewife, Mrs. Helen Mullin P.O. Box 283 Talent, Ore. P.S.-WouId some really In formed person please assure me that one or more of the above statements are not true? H.M. Yes, No, Against, For To the Editor: Vote YES to repeal the school district re organization law. Why should the voters need to circulate a petition and get signatures of "10 per cent or at least 50, whichever is the lesser (or smaller) number of the legal voters of any school district involved in the change" and submit same to the rural school board for permission (which can be denied) to vote on a mailer on which a plan to change has already been made? ORS 330.630, subsection 2, states "(he rural school board, at the time and place desig nated in the notices of hear- After hearing such arguments Ihe rural school board shall (not may) order the change to be made effective the fnt lowing July first.'' In subsec tion 3 a procedure is outlined for protest but as I see it there would be little accom plished bv one's efforts. Vote NO on proposition 6 which would establish the so called Daylight Saving Time. There are 24 hours each dav. no more, no less. There wouid j be no gain by setting the I clocks ahead and would do no good whatsoever. The whole idea has been said by one wit to come from the old Indian who rut off one end of his blanket and sewed It on the other end to make It longer, Anyway the Idea of changing the clock one hour earlier is about the same thing. We'll Just have lo hope the legisla ture will right the mistake. Because he is for this Idiotic changing of the clocks I op pose the election of Charles W. Crary for slate representa tive and favor the election of Rranchfield. Dellcnhai-k and Dumas. There would be a winning team in my estima tion. Sorry I can't help to defeat Richard Nixon in his efforts to become governor of Cali fornia. The fact that he favors capital punishment indicates he approves murder if the ma jority of a large group of peo ple want It. I hope Nixon is defeated Flovd R Mi-Cihe Mt Put Star rt. Butte Falls, Ore. (Additional Communications on 3-A) MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON Today & Tomorrow By Walter lippmann (c) New York Herald Tribune Syndicate THE CUBAN ARRANGEMENT The outcome of these anx ious days shows that the President has used military force boldly and success- fully to achieve a spe cific and lim ited objective. Cuba is to be disarmed and neutralized as a strategic base in the Western hem Lippmann isphere. There has been no appease ment and there has been no retreat or surrender. At the same time the President has obtained his objective with out total blockade, bombing, or invasion. This was possible because he sought a nego tiated settlement which did not call for and does not mean an unconditional surrender. In ihe Day's News Br FRANK JENKINS Two questions: 1. What happened in Cuba? 2. WHY did it happen? AS TO No. 1, the fact seems to be that Krooch crawled out from under Castro and left him to paddle his own canoe in Cuba. Why? Well, an AP dispatch from Moscow this morning says: "The Kremlin's information machine yesterday swung in to a massive exercise designed to save face on the Soviet backdown in Cuba. Over and over, Moscow radio broad cast statements praising Prem ier Nikita S. Khrushchev for his decision to remove Soviet weapons from Cuba. "The government news paper Izvestia gave an exam ple of what the Soviet man in the street is being told about Cuba. The newspaper's front page was topped by a big headline which said: "ALL OF MANKIND IS HAILING THE WISDOM AND LOVE FOR PEACE OF THE SOVIET GOVERN MENT." SO THERE you have it. It was wisdom and love for mankind that led Mr. Khrushchev to call off his dogs in Cuba Touching, isn't it? 1JUT 1) The other Gold Dust Twin of communism sees it in a different light. A dispatch from Tokyo this morning says: "Red China's newspapers for the second consecutive day reported Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev's pledge to dismantle Russia's missiles in Cuba. Rather unusual treatment given the reports appeared designed to show Khrushchev as a man who WILTED UNDER STRONG AMERICAN PRESSOR E. They were coupled wilh ex pressions by the Priping regime of Mao Tse Tung -Khrushchev's chief rival for leadership of the world com munist movement - reaffirm ing Red China's support of Cuban Premier Fidel Casiro." T' MIE conclusion? It seems to be that all isn't sweetness and light among ihe Communist big shots. So far. they h;ue been follow ing Machiavellt's rector for certain virtoiv DIVIDE AND CONQUER But There is a hint here that there is a di ision m the com munist world. If so, we cm say wilh Hamlet, m fervent agreement " Tis a consum mation d e v o u t 1 y to be w ishrd." When Ihlevr fa'l out, linn : est men can come into their own. (ueaniaeajtaiaai J assail ' Vl De Gaulle's Popularity Seems Waning; Election Won Over Strong Opposition By PHIL NEWSOM UPI Foreign Newt Analyst Since May, 1958, when President Charles de Gaulle took over French leadership with dictator! al powers to settle the Al- Serian con- f 1 I c t, the French people dutifully have been follow ing his lead. This week the President won Nawsora another of the popularity contests to which he has resorted frequently over the last four years as he has gone about changing the political and physical structure o France. But it was won by a nar- rower margin than hoped and accompanied by many a cry of foul by a united parliamen tary opposition to his demand that future French presidents be elected by direct vote of the people. The crux of the settlement is the dismantling under UN supervision of the strategic weapons in return for the President's promise that Cuba will not be blockaded or in vaded. 'THIS result could not have A been achieved at all with out readiness to use the mili tary power of the United States, which in the Carib bean is overwhelming. But the results could not have been achieved simply and peaceably if the President had made his objective, not the dismantling of the bases but, unconditional surrender that is to say, Ihe disman tling of Castro's Communist regime. To be sure, the United States is quite capable of in vading Cuba and destroying the Castro regime. But it is not capable of doing this without serious losses (the current estimate has been 40.000 casualties) and not without unmeasurable con flicts wilh the Soviet Union and with our allies and friends all over the world. Like a good general, the President has known what to go for and where to stop. REMEMBERING how In the first World War Wilson was driven by the war fever into an extreme position which left Central Europe in chaos remembering how in the second World War Roose velt went over lo uncondi tional surrender, and thus not only prolonged the war but made is insoluble by bring ing the Russians into Europe remembering that in the Korean war, when General MacArthur had won the war by his brilliant campaign from the Inchon landing, President Truman yielded to the extremists and pushed on to the Yalu River and a mili tary and political disaster I was afraid when 1 heard President Kennedy on Mon day. Oct. 22, that once again we were on the line of un conditional surrender and that once again we would squander an attainable vic tory by engaging in a crusade to get rid of Castro. This anxiety, I am happy lo say. was unfounded. Thus, as I have learned since then, Kennedy did what Wilson, Roosevelt, and Truman did not do. He kept open the channel of diplomatic com munication with his advers ary and he did not fall in with Ihose who in this war crisis, as in all the other war crises of this century, wanted not a settlement but a crusade. The world will be im pressed with Kennedy's reso lution. It will also be im pressed by his wisdom. A S IN all good settlements and both are the gainers. President Kennedy has freed Ihe United States and the Western hemisphere from a very serious danger that there would he established in our midst, and within reach of a desperate and somewhat demented Castro, sufficient niii-tru,- M,,Vl(M- 1, ctrL-A a tnf. I rible blow without warning. Chairman Khrushchev has freed himself of a very dan gerous entanglement in an area where the vital inter rsis of the Soviet Union are not involved. To my mind the biggest mystery of this whole affair is why or how Chairman Khrushchev ever got himself cntangitd in a serious mili lary way with Castro and Cuba Whatever the explana tion, lv stepping back he has got rid of the entanglement We are not, of course, at the end of the Cuban prob lem. Bur Castro and his Cubans now know that tlirv do not have the military i backing of the Soviet Union, j 4 J' Responding to De Gaulle's threat that he wouid quit "at once and without return" if he failed to receive a substan tial vole of confidence, French voters gave him a healthy 62 per cent of the votes cast. But it was the slimmest margin of any since June, 1H58, and growing opposition was signified not only by those who voted against him but by the substantial number who stayed al home. In 1958, French voters en dorsed his cons t i t u t i o n a 1 changes by a ma.-gin of four to one. This week, his sup port actually came from less than half of France's regis tered voters. Victory was won, however, Strictly Personal By Sydney J. Harris (c- Field Enterprises Inc. PERSONAL PREJUDICES' The people who know what they want are able to travel in a straight line and either achieve or miss their goal; the people who don't know what they want are able to drift aimlessly through their lives; but it is the people who want opposite and irreconcilable things al the same time who can never be satisfied with fate. (This, by the way, is why most public performers are perpetually discontented: they want both notoriety and pri vacy in equal measure.) I think it is not without tome deep significance that man standi halfway in lit between the atom and ihe universe - that, in physical terms, each atom within ui bean the same ratio in size to our body ai our body bears io the total universe; thus, man is truly "in ihe middle," ihe very fulcrum of creation. If you don't return home from a foreign trip with the feeling that your own coun try has some odd habits and peculiar customs, then the trip has not "broadened" you - it has merely flattened you. Whenever we have an ar gument with ourselves, the side lhat usually loses is the one that shouts, "You shouldn't!" and the side that usually wins is ihe one lhat whispers, "You deserve it." Not to suggest that soft voiced people cannot be stu pid, but it is generally true that the louder the voice the lower Ihe level of intellect. Husbands who lend io be extremely critical of their wives in public are often quite dependent upon ihem in private; and ihe public treatment it simply a way of expressing resentment of the private dependence. No pacifist or idealist has been able to say, more tersely or convincingly, what Napo leon said in summing up his career of conquest and col lapse: "The more 1 study the world, the more I am con vinced of the inability of brute force to create any thing durable." The ordinary people are duped by iheir simplicity, and the extraordinary peo ple are duped by their so phistication; each type falls in the direction of its own special weakness, which it thinks to be a strength. Women are unjustly ac cused of babbling a great deal, but that is how the feminine process of logic works; unlike man. a woman cannot tell what she thinks until she hears what she says. The fe male mind is an exquisitely engineered "feedback"' sys tem. From birlh until 25 or so, we shape our livesi from 25 to 50 or so. our lives shape us; and we spend ihe years from 50 until death wondering how this curious reversal came to be. and that while they will not he blockaded or invaded by the United States, they will still be watched carefully and no adventures in Latin America will be permitted Castro will have to consider whether he can long survive with the economic support of only the Communist bloc, and how, if he can't, he can work his way back into the com munity of American slates. That is lor Ihe future. TMIE Kennedy - Khrushchev fl'ibn settlement envisages efforts to reach other settle ments, some steps in disarm ament, possibly some kind of redeployment as between the NATO and the Warsaw Pact countries. In this, the lole might well he to reduce tension by mak ing first those agreements which do not seriously mat ter Agreements about mili tary assets that are provoc ative without counting in the over-all balance of power might well be (he easiest to achiev e. over formidable opposition. Returns from the April 8, 1962, referendum approving the Algerian peace settlement showed a growing number of Frenchmen opposed to in creased powers for De Gaulle. Sunday's referendum, tak ing the presidential election out of the hands of about 50,000 privileged politicians, found every political party aligned against him with the exception of his own Union for the New Republic. With considerable reason, De Gaulle's opposition accus ed him of obscuring the real issue, the con s t i t u 1 1 o n a 1 change, and making it one of his own prestige. There also were bitter complaints that the government was mo nopolizing radio and televi sion air time. In any event, it seemed ap parent that the honeymoon was all but over. A new National Assembly will be elected next month Alcffer of Fact (ci Njw York Herald VICTORYI Washington - In any histor ic drama like the Cuban cri sis, it is always necessary lo wait for the epilogue to be sure there is nothing mis leading in the act. But with this proviso, one may al- 'h2 ready say that I I President Ken nedy appears Aisnp (o have won a remarkable victory. It is, to be sure, a limited victory. Fidel Castro has been taught a bitterly sharp lesson, about the value of his Soviet connection among other things. But he has not yet been destroyed or driven from power; and if the Khru shchev - Kennedy agreement holds, Casiro will even be guaranteed against invasion from American soil. On this point, il is well to bear in mind the first rule of the earliest military theorist in history, who is also one of those who are still most worth reading. Nearly 25 centuries ago, the great Chinese, Sun Tzu, wrote in his classic work, "On War," lhat the victor's worst error was to drive the vanquished into a corner; since the victory might then be marred or lost by a des perate counterattack. DUN TZU'S rule still applied to the Cuban crisis. This was the first confrontation in volving the naked use of force of the two giant powers of Ihe new era, which opened when the Soviets acquired a full panoply of nuclear weapons. It reduced Qucmoy to the sta tus of a semi-crisis, and the Lebanon landing lo a Madi son Avenue - style polher. Yet the voice from the remote past had something true to say about this fearful modern turning point. Maybe we could have gone on to eliminate Fidel Castro, with perfect impunity. Yet the two successive Soviet mes sages, naming altogether dif ferent terms for settlement, were a warning as well as a proof of disarray in the Krem lin. Il was beller lo gain our staled objective and to stop there, than lo ignore Ihe warning and to risk an irra tional response from a corner ed Soviet government which was already showing symp toms of irrationality. Furthermore, if the ballis tic missle sites are indeed dis- niantlcd. as the Soviets have promised, there will he no question that we have gained a victory without a real prere- dent in the grim story of the cold war. HM1E BLOCKADE of Berlin A was relaxed. The altaik on Qucmoy was suspended. The Korean War ended in truce. But atthough Ihe Com munists abandoned these ad ventures when they encounter- - a" . pill "One thing I'll never understand aboul a pohheian if ihings are so miserable, what's he so happy about . . . ?" and there seems little reason to believe that De Gaulle can win anything like a majority. The new assembly cannot topple De Gaulle but it can withhold approval of his budget or speedily overthrow any premier he might name. If government processes are to be orderly, there must be a considerable change in Da Gaulle's tactics, which here tofore have been lo run roughshod over the assembly in matters both domestic and foreign. Opposition to De Gaulle springs from sources which are both political and eco nomic. All parties are demanding a greater voice in foreign af. fairs. There are increasing de mands for greater participa. tion in NATO and the move toward an integrated Europe, even at the loss of some French sovereignty, which Dt Gaulle has rejected. By Joseph Alsop Tribune Syndicate ed stiff opposition, they have never before retreated from any position already solidly occupied, with the possible exceplion of Azerbaijan in 1946. The retreat from the Cu ban missile sites is therefore an enormous event, if only for this reason. It is also a highly Indicative event, in two quite different ways. One of its indications needs to be weighed by those who always want to be nego tiating. They are already be ginning to raise the cry, "Now we can negotiate again." But in the first place, the American willingness lo ne gotiate endlessly, sometimes in fairly humiliating circum stances, was clearly one o the factors that persuaded the masters of the Kremlin they could get away wilh their Irick in Cuba because o America's supposed softness. Then, ton, negotiation cer tainly ought lo be approached with skepticism, after this viciously Machiavellian So viet ' attempt to subvert the world power balance by a clandestine trick. AN THE other hand, the Cu " ban experience also points to a more hopeful future, if we only bear in mind the les son concerning the rewards of stoutheartedness. In the aftermath of Iheir remarkable victory, the White House and its attendant de mnnologisls are naturally a liltle apprehensive. The argu ment is made that after losing so much face in Cuba, the masters of the Kremlin may he driven to true up by some particularly ugly action some where else. It is prudent to weigh this argument, and it is also prudent to remember lhat the point of greatest dan ger, free Berlin, is within the physical sphere of Soviet con venlional power, whereas Cuba presented special dif ficulties for the Soviets be cause it was and is within the American power-sphere. The Kremlin hot - heads, whose existence is now prov en, may well argue that the Cuban experience actually shows Ihe safety of aggressive action at a place like Berlin, where Soviet conventional power predominates. But Ber lin's freedom has always been protected, not by the conven tional power of NATO, but by American nuclear power. The greatest danger to Ber lin, moreover, has been the Kremlin's evident belief. ' again nrnven hv Ihn Pnhan ' rv,,erienre. tliai ihe 11 s w-a ln0 soft and weak-willed to , stand up to a direct challenge, Thai gravely dangerous false conviction, we may now hope, las been abruptly shattered. And this is a gain that gives the strongest insurance against future Kremlin ugli ness, if we can only avoid im planting new doubts in Mos cow about our stoutheartedness.