Medford mail tribune., September 25, 1962, Image 7

MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON
TUESDAY. SEPTEMBER 25. 1962
Farm & Garden
Marketing Official Gets Promotion
Salem Promotion nf Rpn
P nl , erf
...AMI
TRIM ROW - This neat row of concrete
block houses houses orchard pickers dur
ing the fruit harvest season. This orchard
settlement also includes washroom and
shower facilities. The plain interior makes
Pear Picking Methods
Basic Change, Study
Bv MARY ALICE BRUSHA
Cenlral Point Correspondent
Are changes coming in the
method of picking pears? This
is the question facing every
pear grower in the Rogue val
ley. Is there a better way to
utilize the picking labor? That
there is, is indicated by last
year's study by the Oregon
Agricultural Experiment sta
tion at Corvallis from studies
made in Medford.
Observations and movies
were made of pickers actually
at work. The completed report
should give every pear grower
information from which he
can better utilize the labor of
the picker, and thus reduce
the cost of overhead, perhaps
even taxes. .;
Profound Changes Indicated ,
But the report indicates
much more than this. Pro
found changes may be coming
in the orchard planting pat
tern. The irrigation methods
may need revising. Unless one
does this, he may not be able
to face competition.
Approximately 700,000 pear
trees are grown in the Rogue
valley. About 10,000 acres of
land is in orchards. More
valuable land is involved In
packing and storing facilities.
To care for these orchards
apart from the harvest re
quires the year-round labor of
about 500 full-time men.
During harvest time em
loyees number in the thou
sands. Many people are em
ployed in transporting, selling
and preparing pears for con
sumption. There ai j a lot of
people who have a stake in
the pear industry.
The largest single problem
of the pear producer is the
harvest. The pear is highly
perishable. Improper handling
may cause a great loss. Also,
the costs of production are
Williams
BREAD HAS
EVERYTHING"
them easier to clean. Since the houses are
somewhat small, overcrowding sometimes
becomes a problem if the family is large,
but provides the bare essentials for a man
and wife.
high and profit margins low,
The entire crop may be jeop
ardized without a dependable
and qualified supply of labor.
It is these facts which
prompted the study and the
report released in August.
Is the producer making the
most of the human energy
involved in harvesting the
crop? The study conducted
here last year indicates he is
not. The time and motion
studies show that the picker
spends 23.9 per cent of his
time picking while on the
ground and 44.9 per cent of
his time picking from the lad
der. He spends 7.9 per cent
of his time moving to a new
position on the ladder and
7.2 per cent resetting the lad
der. Summing up, about 25 per
cent of the on-the-job time
available to pickers is used
for nonproductive duties in
the orchard and various de
lays. The study recommends:
"Preplanning should be di
rected at estimating any ad
justment mechanical picking
implements might impose on
orchard layout, oultivation, ir
rigation and control of tree
shape." '
At least one local packing
house is using a, self-propelled
picking machine that is con
trolled by the picker from an
elevated platform. Study re
sults indicate that under ideal
conditions not more than
$1,000 could be justified for
equipment permitted the pick
er to achieve 50 per cent in
crease in production.
It was also pointed out that
efficiency increases 8V4 per
cent with use of bins instead
of field lugs.
"The estimated 25 per cent
allowance time devoted to
nonproductive activities could
be reduced appreciably with-
MM
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f Hit tft
THE REAL BREAD!
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out any hardship to the pick
ers. However, closer field
supervision would be neces
sary to shorten the delays con
nected with checking produc
tion, changing tree sets, mov
ing to new orchards, and wait
ing for empty boxes or other
equipment," the report states.
If mechanization comes, it
will mean a tremendous out
lay for equipment, local or
chardists predict. It will mean
30 per cent fewer men em
ployed. It will mean men who
do remain in the industry will
be highly skilled machine op
erators, and will correspond
ingly draw higher pay.
The study indicates some of
the following basic changes
need to be made: (1) substitu
tion of bins for boxes, (2) bet
ter facilities for checking, (3)
more supervision, (4) and bet
ter training of pickers.
Further study is needed so
all the facts will be available
to management as they make
their decision.
Potato Growers
Receive Praise
On Labor Camps
Salem - The governor's in
teragency committee on mi
gratory labor, meeting in Sa
lem the past week, voted
unanimous commendation to
local potato growers who have
assumed responsibility for im
provement and management
of two migratory labor
camps at Culver and Red
mond. The group also decided to
recommend that a legislative
interim committee sponsor
legislation whereby the State
Board of Health will be em
powered to act in labor camp
health matters in counties in
which there is no health offi
cer or the position is tempo
rarily vacant. o
In line with the purpose of
the migratory labor commit
tee to correlate and coordi
nate functions between the
member agencies, Chairman
J. F. Short suggested a change
in approach in its annual re
port to the governor.
Accepted by the group, this
suggestion will mean that the
individual agencies will make
definite recommendations for
changes and betterments in
their own areas of migratory
responsibility. These will be
contained In the annual re
port, but will be preceded by
a summary section prepared
by the chairman.
The September meeting
members also agreed with a
report from its subcommittee
studying continuation that the
life of the interagency group
should be extended another
four year. If the legislature
approves, this would run to
Aug. 1, 1967.
State departments repre
sented on the coordinating
committee are agriculture, la
bor, health, education, wel
fare, employment, motor ve
hicles and industrial accident.
The next meeting of the in
teragency committee will be
Nov. 14 at state department
of agriculture offices in Sa
lem. Improved Pear Ou.'.'sc';
Offsets Washington
Improved pear production
prospects in Oregon during
August more than offset a de
cline in Washington's winter
pear crop, OSU agricultural
economists said.
The Pacific Coast pear crop
now is expected to be larger
than forecast a month ago.
Pear production In Oregon is
forecast at 147,500 tons. A
crop this size would be up
27,000 tons from 1961. Most of
this increase Is in winter
pears. Bartlctt production is
up 11,500 tons.
RELOCATED HOUSING The house was moved into a
local orchard before picking season started to provide com
fortable quarters fur u large family. More local orchardists
are buying houses which for one reason or another must be
moved off the original property. These provide plain, but
comfortable quarters during the picking season. Note the
TV antenna and bamboo blinds to keep the sun out.
Balloon Loaf
In Detail by
Salem The balloon loaf
is deceptive and therefore il
legal to bake in Oregon. This
is the decision reached by the
impartial hearings oificer,
James T. Brand who is a re
tired justice of the Oregon
Supreme Court, as result of
a hearing in August on peti
tion of two bakers, Langen
dorf and Davidson, asking the
state department of agricul
ture to legalize the loaf.
After the decision, O. K.
Beals, assistant director in
charge of consumer and trade
services, said the department
would use every means at its
disposal to keep the loaf off
the market.
The final order reviews eco
nomic factors which prompted
wholesale bakers to put the
bread on the market in the
face of the department's claim
that it is deceptive but bases
the decision on the issue of
deception.
Of the economic facts, the
former Supreme Court judge
found: "The fact that certain
grocers, chain stores and so
forth started selling standard
loaves of bread as 'loss lead
ers' is of the essence in this
(economic) controversy . . .
Competition was met not by
reducing prices but by making
a pound loaf so that it looked
like a pound and a half loaf
while still selling at the prices
of a standard one pound loaf.
"In thus meeting competi
tion they sold large quantities
of balloon bread but their own
testimony shows that the rea
son they succeeded must have
been very largely on the basis
of deceptive appearance not of
nutritive value. The size of
the one pound balloon bread
led to the common practice of
callinsr it an 'economy loaf
which added to the decep
tion."
On the issue of deception
itself, the order which was
signed by Brand and approv
ed by Director of Agriculture
J. F. Short, says:
"When as was the practice,
a one pound balloon loaf
marked in large letters 'Econ
omy' and priced at 25 cents.
was exposed to the sneives
beside the standard one and
one-half pound loaf, of the
same apparent size, it does not
require the services of a stat
istician or detective to con
clude that the clement of de
ception was operative in the
increase of balloon sales."
Not only was this practice
calculated to mislead many
buyers, the decision says, but
as the Supreme Court pointed
out, the lighter loaf simulates
the heavier loaf and in some
instances the consumer is ac
tually paying a higher price
therefor. This was held to be
an open door to deception.
The decision recognizes the
argument of calorie conscious
buyers but draws the conclu
sion that this conflict with the
normal interests of the work
ing man and his growing chil
dren "does not militate against
the conclusion that there is a
more substantial body of con
sumers who yielded to the
specious argument that the
balloon bread saves money."
Brand said that the balloon
loaf not only is in itself de
ceptive but that it encourages
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Ruling Told
Department
nd makes possible other prac
tices which contribute to the
initial deception.
Of the wholesale bakers
themselves who claimed at the
hearing that outlawing the
balloon loaf would constitute
hardship, Brand wrote: "If
that is true, it is unfortunate
but it must be remembered
that they started baking the
balloon bread in the face of
the fact that it was prohibited
by a rule which the depart
ment was authorized by law
to promulgate. They took a
chance in reliance on their
belief that the rule which they
had themselves approved
would be held by the courts
to be invalid. They guessed
wrong. If they suffer loss they
have themselves to blame."
Brand did suggest in his
conclusions that if it were
feasible some consideration
might be given to permitting
baking of the balloon loaf in
a shape that does not make it
appear like the one and one
half pound loaf. He held that
unless and until such suggest
ed regulation is feasible or
proper, the present regulation
on pan sizes remains in full
effect and should be enforced
At the hearing, wholesale
bakers pleaded for a ruling
that would keep the balloon
loaf on -the market. Retail
bakers generally testified it
was deceptive.
Bid Dates Given
For Winema Station
Klamath Falls Plans for
development of the Chiloquin
ranger station, Winema Na
tional forest, are under way
and bids are now being re
ceived for construction of an
office, four residences, a 10
man barracks, a warehouse
and an oil house on the site,
according to Supervisor Alex
Smith.
The site of the Chiloquin
ranger station is located on
Highway 97 approximately
one mile west of Chiloquin.
Bid opening has been set for
2 p.m. Oct. 17 in the office of
the regional forester, Port
land. Plans and specifications
may be obtained from the
Forest Supervisor, 411 Main
street, Klamath Falls, or from
the Regional Forester, 729
N.E. Oregon st., Portland.
In order that prospective
bidders may have an opportu
nity to view trie site and dis
cuss the building contract
with Forest service represen
tatives, a pre-bid conference
has been arranged. Interested
bidders should be at the site
at 1 p.m. Oct. 4. Representa
tives of the Winema forest
and the contracting officer
from Portland will be present
to discuss contract require
ments and bidding proce
dures. CASE CONTINUED
St. Helens, Ore. - IDPIt - The
case of Mrs. Dorothy Shaw
ver, 22, who escaped custody
after pleading guilty to a
manslaughter charge, was
continued at least a week by
Circuit Judge J. S. Bohannon
Monday.
MINIMUM
ORDER
$1.90
Spotting Onlyl
f i. m v ;
WELL-PAINTED - This group of houses helps in attracting
the better pickers. Both the interior and exterior before
picking season was clean and neat. Some of the cabins
provided telephones.
wail
NON-ORCHARD HOUSING -
small businessman. Although the housing is in the general
orchard area, it is not in an orchard. These premises appear
far less than sanitary. It is not typical of orchard housing
in the Rogue valley.
Order Issued
Against Yard
Klamath Cattle Sales, Inc.,
Klamath Falls, Ore., livestock
market agency, has been or
dered by the U. S. Department
of Agriculture to stop violat
ing the packers and stock
yards' act.
The order was issued by
USDA Judicial Officer Thom
as J. Flavin after the firm
admitted USDA's jurisdiction,
neither admitted nor denied
the charges and consented to
issuance of the order. .
Action arose from a com
plaint filed earlier by the
packers and stockyards divi
sion of USDA s Agricultural
Marketing Service, charging
the firm with numerous viola
tions of the act.
1. Selling consigned live
stock to its owners, officers or
employees for speculative re
sale,
2. Aiding trading partner
ships which are not registered
with USDA to act as dealers
at the market.
3. Failing to collect the sell
ing commissions specuied in
the schedule of rates filed
with USDA.
4. Furnishing buying serv
ices in interstate commerce
without being registered and
bonded as required by the act.
5. Charging rates other than
those specified In the firm's
schedule of charges on file
with USDA.
6. Issuing accounts of sale
to livestock consignors which
fail to show the full and cor
rect name of the purchaser of
the livestock.
In addition, the firm was
ordered to deposit all funds
received from commission sale
of livestock into a special
bank account called a "custo
dial account for shippers' pro
ceeds," and to keep proper
books and records which
would correctly show all
transactions involved in its
business.
.1 tkA I
This housing is owned by a
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the agricultural development
division was announced rp.
cently by the state department
oi agriculture.
Allen has served as market
ing snerialist with tho Hluuinn
since August 1961. Prior to
tnat time the entire work of
the division had been rarripH
on by Paul T. Rowell as chief
and his secretary.
This phase of the depart
ment work was established by
the 1955 legislature to assist
in the development of new
markets and to expand exist
ine markets for farm and fnivl
commodities produced or pro
cessed in Oregon.
Not until 1061 did the legis
lature authorize funds for two
aides to Rowell to permit
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this work. Bv Oct. 1. Val
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authorized staff of this di
vision. Before joining the depart
ment, Allen was for a number
of years engaged in marketing
of Oregon seed crops. Like
Rowell, Allen will work
throughout the department's
field of agricultural develop
ment. Peach Production
Predicted Smaller
Peach production national
ly still looks to be smaller
than 1961, according to OSU
agricultural economists.
But, Oregon's crop, at 470,
000 bushels, would be up 40,-
000 from last year and 50,-
000 bushels above average.
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