Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, July 11, 1962, Image 4

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Medford mail tribune., July 11, 1962, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text4 KHFtfU&TRIBUNI ""Ereryonc rin SoutheriTbrVaon- RcaiU TheMal Tribune Published Daily except Saturday by , MKIJKOltD PRINTING CO. 33 North Fir St., PruJ772-ttl41 " HOBKUT W RUHL. Editor HERB GREY AdvertMn Manager GKKALD 1 LATHAM, Bui. Mtjr. ERIC W AU.EN. JR., Mng. Editor KARL H ADAMS, City Editor HAKRY CHIPMAN. Teleg Editor RICHARD JEWKTT, Sporti Editor ni ivp. ; I'ARCHKR. Women-! Editor DALE ER1CKSON. Circulation Mgr. An Independent Newspaper Entered ai second class matter at Medlrd. Oregon, under Act ol March 3. 18!i7 RimsnHIPTION RATES By Mail In Advance. Copy 10c Daily and Sunday 1 year $15.00 Daily and Sunday 6 nio. 8 00 Dallv and Sunday 3 moi. 4.23 Sunday Only One year 4 20 By Carrier In Advance Medford, A.hli-nH nentral Point. Ebr1 Point, jarksonville, Gold Hill. Phoenix. Shady Cove, Rogue Hiv- or Ixlrnt nnrl on motor roiltep Dally and Sunday 1 year $18.00 Dallv and Sunday 1 mo. 1.30 Carrie- and Dealers Copy 10c All Terms Cash tnAdvur.ce Official Paper of City of Medford OMlrlal I'aper of JacVion County United Press International Full I.enseri Wire U P I flephoto Newdpfctures MEMRKR OF AUDIT BUREAU AdvorUs'.ng Representative: NELSON ROBERTS & ASSOCI ATES. Offices In New York, Chl cnijo Detroit. San Francisco, Los Angeles Seattle. Portland. Denver u1 NEWSPAPER BLISHERS SOCIATION NATIONAL EDITORIAL A! teaman Flight o' Time Medford nd Jackson County History from the tiles of The Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 years ago. 10 YEARS AGO July 11, 1952 (Friday) Col. Charles E. Stafford, Jackson county civil defense director, prepares local plans for "Operation Skywatch," a nation-wide alert. City water commission an nounces that there will be no water rationing in Medford this year; the amount of wa ter brought into the city reser voirs is nearly twice the amount brought in last sum mer.. 20 YEARS AGO July 11, 1942 (Saturday) Florence Rice, Hollywood film star, buys ranch in val ley known as the Riverside Orchard, which includes about 103 acres. Local serviceman writes from Iceland: "The women of Iceland are very beautiful, the men are tall and husky and the children are big-bonea and healthy. They are gener ally blonde and red-haired. Without exception they are red-checked." 30 YEARS AGO July 11, 1932 (Monday) A $880,000 deal Involving 6.000 acres of diversified gold bearing properties located principally on Grave creek in Josephine county, has been completed in Grants Pass. Three - year - old panther visits Mail Tribune office on heavy chain; in Medford in conjuction with the showing of "Cougar" at a local theater. 40 YEARS AGO July 11, 1922 (Tuesday) From "Local and Personal" column: "The fruit and fresh vegetable stand In the front of the Liberty theatre build ing has ceased operation." Fire of unknown origin de stroys garage, two woodsheds and chicken house before bronchi under control; two chickens were badly burned although they were still about to run around when the fire had been extinguished. SO YEARS AGO July 11, 1912 (Thursday) Seven teams sent to Huz- rnrd mine on the headquarters' of Klk crock to transport largo umnunt of ore to Central Point where it will be ship ppi! to n California smelter. V'ha'i's Ycur I.Q.7 Nine or ten correct it luperlor; tcven or eight ii etcellcnt; fivt or lit it good. 1. About whom did Bruce Barton write "The Man No body Knows"? 2. Are Yosomite Falls In Wyoming, Colorado, or Cali- lonnn 3. Did Lewis and Clark ex-1 linn the West Coast? 4. now far does the North American Continental Divide 5. Can salt water be frozen? ! (i. The source of the poison that Socrates was condemned to drink Is supposed to have been what? 7. In what sport is the ,lie : ; term slalom used" 8. How many ciphers m be added to the figure one to rT7ripcu 2bu.nrdnfroml cattle, swine, or poultry? 10. In what town did John ' Brown's Insurrection take ! Answers: l. Ju. 2. Call- j forma. 3. No. 4. Arctic io Colombia bord.r, s Y.f. 6. f-Inmlrr-L7CtlllnllKnt(f. 10! Harperi eon. 9. Cattle. T-rry, Maryland. WEDNESDAY. JULY 11, 1962 Some Plain Talk Oregon is in trouble, deep financial trouble. Oh, it isn't anything we can't dig our way out of. But unless we dig, really dig, we'll be in an al most impossible jam three years from now. What we need is leadership in the governor's chair and in the Legislature to help pull us out of the mess. At the root of the problem has been unwilling ness of state officials ever since the war to spend a nickel more than was absolutely necessary. Thus state nroorams have been held to a mini mum level or, at best, have not fully met the needs of the time. Couple this with the natural unwill ingness of politicians to raise taxes. HTHE last Legislature was lucky. It had a $33 million surplus to work with. In figuring the current budget, it treated that surplus as income. Thus $33 million that otherwise would have had to be raised from taxes did not have to be raised. The next Legislature surplus a year from now, period, will be only halt we improve nothing, even if costs do not rise, even if the level of prosperity and income tax collections remains at its present level, we shall have to scrape up $321; million from somewhere. Nor is the problem that simple. The Legisla ture will be faced with a built-in increase of $10 million in basic school support money. So now figure that the state must raise $421. million that it didn't need to raise last time. This is true, re member, even if we don't do a better job than we did last time, even if we don t take into con sideration such things as growth. fF COURSE, we must consider those things, too. Higher education, one of the first of the state agencies to come forward with an estimate of its 1963-1965 needs, says it ought to have $90 million for its general operating budget. It has about $69 million this time. That's an increase of $21 million. Added to the $42. million, that makes $63 million extra dollars that the state needs. A community college program is in the works, at the bidding of the last Legislature. Welfare has been in trouble with a very tight budget. The state institutions in the Salem area will have to accommodate more people than they are taking care of now. Add all that. TTHE needs listed here Legislature will hear ones that come immediately to mind. There will be many more. Admittedly, this isn't important. Our choice is raise taxes or we must abandon the present level or services and settle ror we have grown accustomed to. Unless we raise taxes, we shall certainly not improve anything, even to the point of providing for an increase in population. Which are we going to do, raise taxes or cut services? If we raise taxes, how? It we cut serv ices, which services? Specifically, please, which services? TTIESE are the questions that Oregon citizens must ask again and again between now and November 6. The candidates for governor, Hat field and Thornton should be asked these ques tions. So should the candidates for Legislature, 18 of them in Lane County. The answers we get should be specific. Just because this is an election year is no reason to try to sweet-talk our way into some fool's paradise. Indeed, because it is an election year, it is, most important that we call dollars dollars, children children, and taxes taxes. Eu gene Register-Guard. Clues From President Kennedy recently said that the pur pose of the military build-up of Communist forces along the Fllkk'll Coast occupied islands of Quemoy and Matsu was "not clear. American oflicials undoubtedly hope to Set some clarification Thursday when the ! ,;, ,.!,! t-ill.- ll,,tn-n, til,, l!.n'l.l i.lt,c ?r,,ll China is held in Warsaw. Actually most observers believe the Commu nist troop movements are largely defensive in na ture. President Kennedy and other U.S. officials cannot be totally candid in acknowledging this hypothesis because it would suggest that Nation alist leader Chiang Kai-shek is about to "unleash" himself. j hastily-failed meeting with Communist Am- U10 U. AlllDassatlOr c'abot, denied the United States was backing any j Nationalist plans to invade Kod China. ' ' it I'L'inr'V'n i- i LIf,OU'i:,. 1 MMUlCliy i,,,citl,,i, v,K.,!f 1, J '(f.K ((Ml 11, 1 1,1 (Uient assurance that the posed to the use of force in this area (the Taiwan i Strait)," that "the power arrangements in this i area ue defensive, and V'"'"' Pjodo not to take. forceful action against the mainland without United States consent "still governs.'' ..i...i. The nervous Peking t-'ilc the President's statement at face value. Put if Red China continues to build up military force jn j.'ukjen province the .' inspect that the Communists are harboring a: Igressive not defensive won't be so lucky. The at the end of the budget a million, bo, even it are not all the needs the about. They are just the very pleasant. But it's clear. We must either substantially Jess than Warsaw opposite tile NatioiUllist- 10 I Olailtl, .101111 iMOOl'S . i 1 1. it . i , matlC Ulf UlllieU MaiOS i, (.,,,.,-,,. I,, I,,.. ..,,1,..., (( I 1 ,1 , Jll 111. rilUl-: United States is "on-i that Nationalist China's S e . . . J regime is not likely to West will have reason hi deigns. "Sugar In The Mornin' Sugar In The In the Day's News By FRANK JENKINS We finally touched off our high altitude nuclear shot. What happened? Witnessess in Honolulu, 750 miles away, said the sky light ed up in a marine green color from horizon to horizon when the blast occurred. After the initial green flash, the sky glowed red, Uien gradually faded to a sunset pink, which lasted about seven minutes after the blast. One witness reported: "Aft er the blast, 1 seemed to feel something on my teeth, and there was a SMELL OF OZONE in the air." HAT'S ozone? a bluish gas. Every flash of lightning converts some of the oxygen in the air into ozone. A thought: Do you reckon Ben Franklin smclled ozone that eventful day couple of centuries ago when he flew his kite in a storm and brought down electricity from the sky? Another thought: Ben's kite-flying adventure brought great changes to the world - nearly all of them changes for the better. Let's hope the big shot out in the Pacific will have similar re sults. IN Lausanne, Switzerland, Mrs. Oona O'Neill Chaplin presented her husband with their eighth child In 18 years, She is the daughter of the late great playwright, Eugene O'Neill. Who is her husband? He is Charley Chaplin. A decade or so ago, nearly every person in the world knew about Charley Chaplin. It Just could be that many teen-agers of today never heard of him. Such is fame. EIGHT children in 18 years is quite a record in these days. It was different in older centuries. Back in the 1200's, Queen Eleanor presented her husband, Edward I, known in English history as Long shanks, with 17 children, all but four of them daughters. The 17 came along in a period of about two decades. Edward I is rather gener ally known as England's greatest king. His grandfather John, who was forced by the barons to sign the Magna Charta, is universally known as England's worst king. His father, Henry III, wasn't much better. His son. Henry IV, was ONE of England's worst kings Our mother try had plenty of good-for- nothing rulers, along with a reasonable quota of greats. ELECTING rulers, you see. is no more dangerous than getting rulers by hereditary succession CPEAKING of rulers, tragic Algeria has had her share of the evil ones and the In competents. She's still phiy- ing in hard luck. There arc i the feuding Dens nt this mo. ment in history, for example Youssef Hen Khcdda is pre mier - nt least, he is premier at the hour this is written. Mohammed Ben Bella is vice premier and wants to be pre mier. At this distance it looks; j like Algeria ha had trouble I ni,iit.h in (li iv, ut vv.it), lit adding a dynastic struggle now ,lK,t shc is a M,V11''" s,nk'- . IV HAT of the Hen.," 111 ..ii 'i, ,,f Hebrew ori "sun nf " meaning )o viRm!!' Aftr?-11 V Vtu Hy,Cw; Trt N ATfl Rrtmhorc iw imiw vvuiwtru Bonn - 'in1 - Prosi dent Charles de Gaulle of France has agreed that French bomb ers aliened to NATO may carry lT S. nuclear bombs and head for targets selected by NATO, it was learned today. Four of the (ive fighter bomber wings Franco has as signed to N.MUs 4th Allie.1 Tactical Air Force are based , MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON Sugar In The Evenin' Summertime " Communications Letten to the Editor must bear the name and address of the writer although undei cer tain circumstances the use ot pen name ui initial for publica tion Is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with an eye to clarification and condensation Letters submitted for publica tion must not exceed 4O0 words Running Scared To the Editor: The state ments made by Gov. Mark Hatfield and Howard Appling about Attorney General Rob ert Y. Thornton at Bend rec ently, are symtomatic of can didates who are running scared. Hatfield's remark that Thornton is incompetent is not supported by the facts. The many legal decisions which have eminated from his office have had an. ex tremely high degree of accord with the supreme court. The record is clear on this. Any statements to the contrary are simply well-planned corrup tions of the truth. The statement of Howell Appling which compared Rob ert Y. Thornton to Billy Sol Estes is not just plain de plorable, it is inexcusable, and bellicose. These two Re publicans have stripped them selves bare of any decorum and dignity, which would or dinarily attend the office of Governor and Secretary of State. There is already evi dence that this type of be havior which resorts to low invective has caused a great many Republicans to lose re spect for them. Such tactics, if I were on Mark Hatfield's or Appling's campaign com mittee, would very well cause me to terminate my services. The American people still admire a sense of fair play in a contest, and at least a nodding acquaintance with the truth. One of the truths which emerge from the contest is this: Travis Cross under a phony title is really a full time campaign manager for Mark Hatfield, with heavy emolument at the tax-payers expense. At the same time, Appling's underlings must do his work while he is engaged in a fight for survival. The slogan "High Tax Holmes", made Hatfield governor but was false. Accordingly, a slo gan now should be "Very High Tax Hatfield," for he has failed to live up to his campaign promises of econo my in government, tax reduc tion, and bi-partisanship. When the Oregon voters go to the polls in November they will be fully aware of a strong need for leadership, and re- cstablishment of Democratic coun-!Kovcrnmcnt for thp Elizabeth Poston PR I.ozier lane Medford A Moral Principle To t lie Editor: Concerning G.H.B's editorial promoting euthanasia. He is drawing a conclusion from Dr. Rynear son's remarks that was never intended. There is no bridge between permitting a person to die naturally and killing that person. And there never can he. Before that bridge is constructed, the world will have forgotten who Cod is and what man is. Whether you insert a tiny drop of air into a victim's veins or bang him over the head with a shovel it's still murder, al though one way is genteel while the other is messy. Euthanasia has its attrac tive side. When we think of incurably ill and mentally hopeless cases, wouldn't it be t.n,,r for these cases to slip quietly away. Perhaps, but a moral principle is involved. To compromise a moral prin ciple for a temporary advant age is a little like reaching for lilv pads In the i,uicks.md. Hone Hull 7 Eastwood dr. Meriiird in France. The fifth is located in West Germany. Po Gaulle soil refuses to permit t' S. nuclear bomhois to bo stationed in France or to fly from French .ises un less he is given a xclo oer their employment. Haya de la Torre Again Is Center of Storm in Peruvian Political Crisis By PHIL NEWSOM UPI Foreign Newt Analyst The situation was nothing new for Dr. Victor Raul Haya de la Torre, a hawk-nosed, burly man who for 40 f fi years has been t'iA a storm cen ter of Peruvi an politics. In 1931, he ran for president J in Peru and, a c c ording to his followers, gained the N'ewiom greatest number of votes. But Luis Sanchez Cerro, a mili tary man, was declared the winner. trictly Personal By Sydney J. Harris tc Field Enterprises Inc. USING ODDS AND ENDS A press release from a New York book publisher floated across my desk the other day, posing a ffvf" question I can.t imagine If , H anyone would J want to ask. The release r began: "Why "1 not use the - scraps and J odds - and - narit the house to make practical and pretty ob jects like a fruit bowl from an old record, a colorful jewelry chest from an old cigar box, or hot plates from milk-bottle caps and pieces of yarn?" You can learn to do all this, it went on, if you buy a book called "Creating From Scrap" by Lillian and Godfrey Frank el, S2.50 in a hard cover. My instant reaction was "Doesn't everyone?" Who needs a book for all this? If my own extensive domestic experience is at all typical, the average American family has been creating from scrap from the day the wedding presents began to tarnish or crack. Especially with little chil dren in the house, practi cally everything is created from scrap. The buttons are in an old lea tin; the cera mic ash-trays have long been broken, to be replaced by the plastic topi of ice cream jars; and the cookies are cunningly concealed in a humidor. True, we have never made a fruit bowl from an old record (although this is my hearty recommenda tion for every "Sing Along With Mitch" record), but the children have done some other startling jobs of functional conversion like turning golf-bags into barracks for toy soldiers, and transforming Daddy's study into an Indian camp, complete with tepee, arrow heads and smoke signals. Have Lillian and Godfrey Frankel ever turned a chafing-dish into a repository for nipples? Or converted a brand-new tennis-press into a cleaver little door-stopper for the basement? Or taken a costume-jewelry box from Mark Cross, pasting it with colored paper, and filling it with water to hold snails? Maybe they can make hot plates out of milk-bottle caps and pieces of yarn - who needs it? - but I'll bet they haven't figured out (as Mich ael has) that nine bottles of liquid from the medicine cab inet can be blended in a punch-bowl of cut-glass and you have a first-class chemi cal laboratory - especially if von find a dead fish to throw i ill. 1 Creating from scrap? This 1 is the basic hobby of the fami- ly. Everything is used for (Something else, no matter j what the manufacturers' in j struotions say. If we bought the book, what could we do witli it except rip out the pages and use the covers as . a "colorful jewelry chest?" i Deals Start To Relocate Boardman Sairm t?I' - The Oregon Land Board has initiated pro- j crodirus for a land cxchanKf j with tiu U S. Bureau of Land j M-mafiement to help provide I for relocating the city of 1 Boardman. T!:e pi t ent site will be. , flooded when John Day dam is completed. The slate will acquire a i tract nearby and transfer it ; to the city. T. M. Tyre!!, aclme direc tor f "r the BIM in Orecon. said the PLM had no author ity to deal ri;rect:y with the city under one federal law, and the delay involved in an other wou'd be an unsatisfac tory meth.-d for the city to acquii the In the current political crisis in Peru, he again is the storm center. Returns from the June 10 elections gave Haya de la Torre a slim margin over his two principal opponents, Fer nando Belaunde Terry and Gen. Manuel A. Odria, who served as president from 1948 to 1956. Congress To Decide Since no candidate received a third of the votes cast, the decision now must be made by the Peruvian Congress, se lecting one from among the three leaders. Opposition to Haya de la Torre springs from an unlike ly combination of right and left. On the right is the army. "Even if Haya de la Torre Republicans Have Big On Hands; By LYLE C. WILSON United Press International Washington - (UPD - The Re publicans have another angry ruckus on their hands be- m cause former f I 4 President Ei k" ij senhower "i seems to be til J 4 pulling the HI (jt r.ra rug from un- 4 'J der the Re P''t,1c'i1 publican Con & 'l g r e s s i o n al ?jV ' i 1 e a d e r ship- -11 ?"u a inis iuur place Wilson Qt publican conference of party leaders on June 30 at Eisen hower's Gettysburg farm. Ike was first up to speak. He said that he had been doing some reading lately and identified his reading matter as a per iodical named Advance. Advance is published five times a year in Cambridge, Mass., by a group of young men led by publisher Bruce K. Chapman. The magazine describes itself as a journal of political thought. Magazine Praised Eisenhower told the Re publicans that Advance had the right ideas. Ike said it was possible that publisher Chap man was among the assembled party leaders. Sure enough, Chapman was and he stood up. Ike said everybody should subscribe to Chapman's maga zine. He proposed that the Republicans approach Chap man during the conference and get on the mailing list. It Is reported that House Minority Leader Charles A. Halleck (R-Ind), required re straint by calmer counsel when Eisenhower endorsed Advance. Halleck was angry because the latest issue (March) of Advance contains a free-swinging attack on Hal leck and other Congressional Republican leaders, notably Senate Minority der Ev erett Dirksen (R-Ill.) and Sen. Barry Goldwater (R-Ariz.) The March issue of Advance was devoted to "the Repub licans on Capitol Hill." The magazine descri' ed the House Republican leadership as re luctant, lazy or hostile in mat ters of responsibility to the well-being of the nation and the Republican Party. It at tributed to several of Hal leck's Republican colleagues the statement that: Halleck hasn't read a serious book in 10 years and is suspicious of those who have. Halleck Lambasted "Republicans of all views," the magazine related, "feel they are being less led by Halleck than presided over; that the only attempt at ham mering anything out comes not in policy but in the strat egy of obstruction.'' The young editors of Ad vance discovered Goldwater to be a bumbling chairman of the Senate Republican cam paign committee. They called him disqualified for the chair manship, adding that "Gold water's liabilities in his cam paign committee position seem to us overwhelming," Dirksen and Halleck are regular Republican television spokesmen on what has come to be known as "The Ev and Charley Show." Advance rat ed the show as valued for liitle more than comic relief and as evidence of Republi can intellectual pauperism. Mafson To Add Modernized Vessel S.in Frnnciscn - iTPP - Mat. son Lines announced Tuesday ! it plans to put two of its freighters in mothballs and add a modernized cargo ves sel to its Hawaiian service. . Matson said the Hawaiian Tourist, a Victory ship, and the C-2 freighter Hawaiian ! Pilot were being laid up. j The shipping firm current ly is negotiating with the Fed- i oral Maritime administration ! for purchase of the former i Coastwise Lino C-4 Coast Progress, a 12.B00-ton ship for v&ich iatson was the so' bidder. I is elected, he never will sit in the presidential palace," re marked one general two months before the elections ever were held. The army has brought charges of fraud against Haya de la Torre's American Popu lar Revolutionary Alliance and has demanded he with draw from the race. On the left are the Castro ites and Marxists who polled only 40.000 votes but who be lieve the three-way tie en hanced their cause. They hope for a weak government whose internal dissention might pro mote their hopes for revolu tion. Belaunde Favored Forced to make a choice, they probably would select Fernando Belaunde. They believe that under Ike Pulling O A fair question: Did Ike actually read the magazine or did he succumb to a snow job by John L. Loeb Jr. of New York, a financial backer Today & Tomorrow By Walter Lippmann (cl New York Herald Tribune Syndicate ATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP Although the Atlantic part nership, of which the Presi dent spoke on the Fourth of July, is a pro posal for the future, its roots are in the original and enduring c o n n e c -tion between the Old World and the New. Since the age of the discov erers and explorers nearly five centuries ago, Europe and the Americas have been one great community, separ ated yet united by the Atlan tic ocean. The Americans tic ocean. The Americas were occupied and settled by Europeans who transplanted to the New World their reli gions, their culture, their jur isprudence, and their econ omy. WITHIN this great commun ity there have been con tinual rivalry, for power and for wealth, and a long series of civil wars, wars of inde pendence and wars of hege mony. But through it all the community has remained: the proof being that in the great wars for the domination of Europe the Americans, par ticularly the North Ameri cans, have always been drawn, willy-nilly, into the fighting. For a state which is by its history and geography a member of the Atlantic com munity, isolation from the vi tal interests of the community is impossible. The same has never been true for, let us say, China or India. They are not members of the Atlantic community and for them iso lation from its affairs, though increasingly difficult in this increasingly i n t e r r e 1 a ted world, is not wholly impos sible. Since the United States emerged as an independent power in the New World the wisest statesmen on both sides of the ocean have known this. Jefferson, Madison, John Quincy Adams on this side. Canning on the other, knew it. The disastrous men. the Kaiser and Hitler, did not know it. They refused to be lieve that the Atlantic com munity is a reality, and they took the road to ruin in the f o nd belief that the New World would not come in to redress the balance of the Old. THERE has always been doubt about what to call the trans-Atlantic connection. It is certainly not now a poli tical union. It is a collection of sovereign states. Although there is NATO, the Atlantic community is broader than the alliance. For many indu bitable Atlantic states, as for example Sweden and Eire and Brazil, do not belong to NATO. It is not an associa tion. For while there are as j sociations within the Atlantic j community, such as the Eur j pean Economic Community I and the Organization of i American States, none in-1 elude all the Atlantic stales1 and some, such as the British ' Commonwealth and the French Community, include : members which are not At-1 lantic at all. Hence there is a ! fairly general agreement that ; to speak of the Atlantic com-, munity is the least inaccurate 1 way to speak of it in that the , name indicates a human con-, nection without specifying juridicial and institutional ar rangements that do not now exist. I Ther ' ( .t.i',t):-y vaguem tbout Vinlc Llppmano Belaunde there would be less chance of harsh repressive measures toward them and that he would withhold the government support that now exists for APRA's hold on the Peruvian labor movement which they seek to take over. With the army against him, there seems little likelihood that Haya de la Torre can take over. In 1948, he seemed on his way to power but was balked by a coup led by one of his present rivals, General Odria. Haya de la Torre took refuge in the Colombian em bassy and remained in it for five years. In 1954. he was al lowed to leave the country and to return again in 195(1 when President Manuel P'rado took over and made the APRA, party legal. of Advance? Another question: How does Ike plan to oust the lead ers and who are his candi dates to succeed them? sovereign state, it does not have to have sharp frontiers, and in the marginal regions, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, it is not ne cessary to pronounce on who is and who is not a member. CINCE the Second World War, which was an intol erable civil war in Europe, a movement has been under way to construct institutions on the foundation of the At lantic community. The most promising of these institutions is t h e European Economic Community and the European Union which is to be built up on it. With the admission of the United Kingdom and eventually of some other Eu ropean states, this will he the nucleus of that "turope" with which the U.S.A. is to form a partnership. THERE are two different ways of going about it. One is to suppose, quite er roneously, I think, that tha United States of Europe and the trans-Atlantic partnership can be constructed on the an alogy of our own Federal con stitutional union. That would mean calling a convention (as at Philadelphia in 1787) to draft a constitution for an At lantic union. It would not, I believe, work. The American states had always been mem bers of a union of the sover eignty of the English kings. There is no comparable con nection among the Atlantic states. Either the convention would put out empty general ities or it would end in dis agreement. It would have fail ed from what might be call ed the fallacy of the blue print, which is to be too spe cific too soon. THE OTHER way to go about it is to decide to act as partners without draw ing up articles of partnership, and as partners to tackle tha concrete problems of the At lantic community. This is tha way M. Monnet and his col laborators have been working in Europe, and this is what the Action committee recom mends in its notable "Joint Declaration of June 26." Tha way to begin is to work at the solution of concrete prob lems, such as tariffs, curren cy, and gold reserves, and to avoid being seduced into try ing to solve the insoluble the oretical issues. The most exciting of thesa insoluble theoretical prob lems is how to create an equal nuclear partnership between Europe and America. Tha military school men are engaging In vast and intricata speculations about it, and per haps the time will come when Europe is sufficiently united and sufficiently armed to pro pose the terms of a partner ship. For the present the Amer ican difficulty is not that wa do not want an equal partner ship. We do want it. The diffi culty is thpt no one so far hs had any idea of how to or ganize a nuclear partnership. MY OWN view is that En A'l ropean union and the At lantic partnership can and will evolve even though t ha nuclear problem is not solv ed. The real nuclear problem, which is to maintain an am ple balance of power with the Soviet U n i o n , is at present well in hand. So long as it L., the problem of the niu-loir partnership in the A'.!a::i:-: world is quite secondary, an I it must not be allowed to c! vert the Europeans ar.d bu Americans from d'inc t'u great things near ,v !,o.ia wlvah it is now iir'r.i anu ,b'.t for H?m to.j.