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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (July 1, 1962)
2 g SUNDAY. JULY 1. 1962 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD, OREGON The Congo May Be on Eve of Peace After Two Years (Editor' Notes It has bsn two yean line the former Belgian Cor.gr gained ill independence. In that time, the central African country has under gone terrible internal itrife which at timei resulted in w h o le tale bloodletting. UPI Correspondent Wil liam Anderson reports that on this anniversary of in dependence The Congo has vast problems to overcome but the rosource-rich na tion no longer is "a hope less mess.") By WILLIAM ANDERSON United Press International Leopoldville - (UPIi - On the second anniversary of its in dependence - which it gained at midnight, June 30, 100 The Congo may also be on the eve of peace. , The country has come a long way in its second year despite much severe fighting, number of horrible mass acres and continuing politi cal uncertainty and confu sion. But with the second anni versary at hand, the United Nations mission chief in The Congo, Robert A. K. Gard iner of Ghana, is "cautiously optimistic" that the country is ready to put aside its hates and rivalries and become a nation. Not Alone In Hope Gardiner is not alone In his hope. The concensus of west ern diplomatic missions is that while lBb'l was "a hope less mess," the last 12 months have started The Con go back from political and economic chaos. The long, hard road to plac ing The Congo, with its mighty potential, in its true place in Africa began last July when, after months of negotiation, the United Nations arranged for parliament to meet Under UN protection at Lovanlum University in Leopoldville. From this meeting emerged a central government headed by Cyrille Adoula, a 41-year-old trade union leader and former bank clerk. As parliament met for the first time in more than a year The Congo had hit its lowest point. Secessionist Stale Antoinc Gizenga, a former missions in town. In Katanga President Moise Tshombe was sitting behind a mercenary-built military wall bolstered by fat revenues from the copper mines nf his province. Albert KalonJI. another anti-central government seces sionist, had himself crowned king, then emperor of South Kasai's diamond mines and ordered anyone who opposed him flogged in public. The Hunting Ground The Congo's "garden nrov- schoolmaster and vice-premier incc" of Kivu which had prc ln the government of Patrice I v iously provided an agricul- ON EVE OF PEACE? On the second anniversary of Its Independence which it gained at midnight June AO, 19b0 me Congo may also be un the eve of peace. The cuuntry has come a long way In its second year despite much Lumumba who was murdered tural surplus, was the hunt in Katanga in February. 19H1, ing ground of rebellious had created a secessionist)' troops, whose depredations stale around the Lumumba I reduced production with the stronghold of Stanleyville, j thoroughness of a swarm of Nine Afro-Asian countries locusts. had accredited diplomatic ! Tn(, canit,,! 0f Leoooldvillc. i once a bustling African me tropolis, was haunted by 100,- 000 unemployed threatening to exploded into a mob of fond-seeking looters. Adoula was named premier in August, 1961, mainly be cause he commanded no large political group, lie had start ed out as an ardent Lumum bist but along with many others, was soon appalled at the first premier's irrespon sibility. A Tough Minister He had bjecn a tough min ister of interior in the pro visional government headed severe fighting, a number of horrible massacres, and con tinuing political uncertainty and confusion. This picture shows a group of Congolese celebrating the country's in dependence July 1, 1960. (UPI) by Joseph llco. Most observ-, who once signed an agrce- ers gave his government I me"t to bring his breakaway about one month to live. He p'T'"ce baek int Tne ConS ...... , I and then reneged, has twice had to include weak men in j been persuadcd by Gardiner the cabinet to appease tribal j to renew talks concerning re- and political groups. I unification. Adoula decided the United Nations - until then operat ing ineffectually in a vacuum -could help him. The UN twice has gone into armed conflict with the mercenary supported Katan ga gendarmerie and, while not defeating the Katangans and forcing an end to their secessions, the majority of the mercenaries have been chased out and a measure of stability achieved. Negotiating With Tshombe Gardiner now Is gingerly negotiating with Tshombe to end the secession of Katanga. The strong headed Tshombe, Another step into the future by one of the leading insurance agencies in Southern Oregon. fk: j GOLDY-CRANSTOIX ;S 1 . HENSELMAN t N ' announce the Lk-S J PURCHASE of the A A :rl:v, T.J. MIGHT m :v INSURANCE I 1 UV 1 AGENCY m 1 ' ' Effective July 1, tho T. J. Hight Insurance Agency f Jf I 4 S' 1 , ' wi" be P"rt of tha Goldy-Cranston-Henselman jf Jf t.. ... J jj. . j Agency. Now . . . more than ever ... we will J jF JP Lou Cranston bo "ble lo serve you efficiently and ably y jff f -r " rfy.-' '"iii 1 1 Insurance Requires ' " - 1 un, i i Personal Attention" A t ULA G0LDY-CRANSTON -HENSELMAN 0 18 N. Front St., Medford, 773-6231 There is no new agreement yet, but Gardiner, a long time international civil servant with the patience of a Bantu, remains cautiously optimistic. The price of the struggle to end Katanga's secession has been high - in money and men. The dead include UN Secretary-General Dag Ham marskjold whose plane crash ed into the Southern Rhode sian wilderness while he was en route to a meeting with Tshombe. Has Been Successful Abdoula has been success ful in ending the secessions of Gizenga In Oriental province and Kalonji in South Kasai. Gizenga has been arrested and stripped of his military power, cabinet post and par liamentary immunity. He faces charges of sedition and illegal shipment of gold. Ka lonji, similarly dealt with, is imprisoned for flogging a po litical opponent. While speaking in terms of a United Congo, Adoula is realistically preparing to split the country's present six provinces into 21. A bill lo Ihis effect is already drafted. The provinces will be estab lished along linguistic and ethnical lines. Although out of slep wilh a world lending Inward integration, this fed eral principle seems the only way The Congo will run. On a par with The Congo's political problems, and di rectly resulting from them, is a serious economic situa tion. Running A Deficit The once rich Belgium col ony is running a deficit of about 1 billion francs ($2 mil lion) a month. It is practically living on US. handouts amounting to about $6 mil lion a month. Much of the deficit Is due to a swollen and oflen-nepot-ic civil service and. on paper. the highest paid army In the world. Too much money chasing too few goods has brought on inflation. This could bring civil sfife. Recently Adoula jailed trade union leader An dre Boboliko on grounds he was fomenting "political" strife by calling for strikes against the inflation. Only a tough government policy against the unions has so far prevented strikes. But the situation is not hopeless. Firmly Under Control Apart from a few small units in Kivu rapidly being mopped up by the UN, the army is firmly under the control of Gen. Joseph Mo butu and his officers. The Ka tanga gendarmerie has al ways been disciplined. Industrial production is al most back to normal. Textile production has exceeded pre independence levels. Plantations owned by big International companies were surprisingly untouched by the strife. But lack of trans port and insecurity prevented their products reaching the markets for more than a year. Now, however, the river boats are penetrating most of The Congo's 5,000 miles of navigable mainstream and tributaries and bringing goods downriver. Belgians Now Returning Technically qualified Bel- Jumper Training Hears Completion Portland Four-week train ing of smokejumpers who will help combat forest fires this summer is nearing completion at aerial project bases at Win throp, Wash, and Cave Junc tion, Ore., J. Herbert Stone, regional forester, forest serv ice, has announced. About 80 young men are undergoing tough physical training and receiving instruc tion in first aid and all phases of fire control. The Pacific Northwest Re gion employed about 70 jump ers in 1961. During the fire season they were stationed at the main bases at Winthrop and Cave Junction and at satellite bases at La Grande and iledmond. Ten additional junipers are being trained this year to form a nucleus for the 25 jumpers who will be station ed at Redmond in 1963 as the start of thf planned Redmond Air Center at Roberts Field. Use of smokejumpers in the Pacific Northwest Region set an all-time record in 1961. Smokejumpers from the re gion made fi-18 individual jumps on 268 fires In addition, smokejumpers from other regions jumped on an other 45 fires in Oregon and Washington. Smokejumpers continue In he a prime factor in fast inilal action on fires, Stone pninled out. Four junipers from this re gion are now in the South western Region to assist in that region's early fire season. They will return to th-;r bases in the Parific Northwest about the time training is completed at Winthrop and Cave Junction. gians are returning to the in tenor. Recently the first Bel gian since independence re turned to the cotton growing area of North Katanga. , The first new trucks im-' ported since independence have arrived and are going to the interior to bring the crops to the river ports. Agriculture remains badly disrupted. The inflation gives the small farmer no incentive to do more than produce at subsistence level. Smuggling of cotton, ivory and diamonds along the nor thern frontier is a drain on the national revenue. How ever, this hinges directly on pacification and restoration of order in the outlying re gions. Repairing Damaged Bridge Work is under way to re pair the vital Lubilash river bridge in Katanga, which was destroyed during fighting in July. The Tshombe-Adoula agree ment will mean Katanga's ores move once again over this bridge through the rest of The Congo to Port Fran cqui and Matadi. This will alleviate unemployment along the river route and re vitalize the economy. The Belgian embassy, staff ed by men with no colonial stigma, is preparing a vast technical assistance program which, with Congolese agree ment, will place experienced men at key posts in the in terior. They will complement the UN's 400 technical assistants who, although hard working and conscientious, can solve only a fraction of The Congo's technical problems. . The Congo still has its troubles - lots of them. But on its second anniversary it j does seem to be moving in I the right direction. I 9 l2 VOLkSWAfiEN Of ANtaiCA, INC.'lUaaUHD II IT Alt MiCC Boxcar. This is a Volkswagen Truck. It will hold 109 crates of beans or 246 gallons of alcohol. Or 65 cases of beer or 73 tubs of butter. It will take a steer. 234 gallons of corn oil. . 620 live chickens. 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