Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, January 31, 1961, Image 7

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Medford mail tribune., January 31, 1961, Image 7

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Newspaper Page TextGeneral Peacb Sizes Can Be Predicted General harvest sizes of . H. Hale peaches can now be predicted as a result of five years of research on the prob lem, Dr. M. N, Westwood, Oregon State college horticul turist, told a meeting of peach growers here last week. Dr. Westwood emphasized that his tables should be used as only general guides in pre dicting peach sizes for all varieties. Most of his research was conducted in the central Washington area. First step in making the size prediction is to determine the beginning of pit hardening, the horticulturist said. This is the time when 80 to 90 per cent of the pits hayp narden ed at the tip end. Hardening has started when the gnnver can feel some resistance as he cuts with a sharp kjjife the very thin c-oss sections through the apex of the fruit. Pit hardening usually starts aboilt 50 days past fuJJ bloom. First Reference The first reference date for Corn Planting Trill Reported By HAROLD WHITE Southern Oregon Branch Experiment Station Profits from sweet corn grown for fresh market are influenced by the number of plants per acre. In a rate of planting trial at the Southern Oregon Ex periment station last season sweet corn was planted 12, 000, 15,000, 18,000, 21,000, and 24,000 plants per acre. A total of 1,988 dozen market able ears were harvested from the; 18,000 plants per acre plots which compares with 1,878 dozen from the 21,000 and the 24,000 planting rates. The 12,000 plants per acre yielded only 1.YJ3 cozen while 15,000 plants per acre yielded 1.694 dozen marketable ears. With corn figured at "5c per dozen the 18,000 plants per acre rate gave a return of S38.50 per acre more tVian any other rates of seeding used in the test. Length and diameter of cars produced were practical ly the same for the 12.000. 15,000, 18,000, and 21,000 planting rate but there was a slight decrease in size of ears in the 24,000 plants per acre rate of planting. At the 18, 000 rate which produced 1,988 dozen marketable ears per acre 5 per cent of the husked ears were 6 - 7 inches long, 72 per cent were 7 - 8 inches, and 23 per cent 8 inches or more. With rows spaces 36 inches apart seed should be placed 9.5 inches apart in the row to get 18.000 per acre. Spacing for the other rates of seeding are 12,000-14.5 inches, 15,000 -11.6 inches, 21,000-8.3 inch es, and 24.000-7.3 inches apar'. in the row. HIGHEST IEL COMPLETE Priced Don't 8 Satisfied Willi lss FIEUJ EDS Grain Sr Alfattftt Clvr Our Irly is scsrj- fied t rrtot)btrds. Maks for0 n evener stand. let Us Clean Your Seed Grain rAHm f Complete Slocks Covered Only at Our FARM STORE- 1 0th and sampling is 14 days pas! the start of pit hardening. On this date obtain the weight of 200 fruits. Dr. Westwood directed. A grower should pick 10 fruits at random within arm's reach and from the out.CUe of 20 trees in an orchard. Then look in Table 1 tsee belcQ) to determine the predicted aver age harvest size for the or chard sampled. Perform hand thinning to get the desired harvest size. For example, if small harvest size is predicted, a grower would thin sonOwhai heavier t!.n usual. The second reference date is 30 days past the beginning of pit nardemng. On his date take another samole of 200 fruits (as above) and determine the predicted harvest size frono Table 2 after the fruits have been weighed and aver age weight taken. If predicted size is undesirably small, thin off smallest fruits in a sec ond thinning operation. Dr. Westwood extOaincd that in most peach areas the initial fruit set is heavy. After the June drop the set may be extra Heavy, intermediate or light. Hand thinning is done after the drop and in most areas arbitrary spacing re sults. Crews tend to overthin the light initial set and under thin the heavy initial set, the OSC scientist noted. Studied in California California researchers have worked many years predict ing sizes of cling peaches and prediction charts work well with the free-stone and cling varieties. The crop obtains 75 to 80 per cent of its growth just before the final swelling and iu to 25 per cent of its growth during the pit hardening. Illustrating how more ac curate thinning will affect the market price, Dr. Westwood noted that one year J, H. Hale peaches 27s inches in diam eter were bringing $45 a ton. Those only la inch larger in diameter or 3 inches or larger would bring $116 a ton. Table 1, First Reference Date Predictions Wt. of 200 Predicted Harvest Fruits size (pounds) (In. Ilia.) 5 1.95 10 2.35 15 2.67 20 2.92 25 3.12 30 3.28 35 3.42 40 3.54 Tabls 2, Second Reference Date Predictions Wt. of 290 I'rcdictpd Harvest Fruits size (Iiotlttds) (Ik. nia.) 10 2.10 15 2.36 20 2.60 25 2.79 30' 2.96 35 3.11 40 . 3.24 45 3.37 50 3.49 55 3.58 QUALITY STOCK OF Right Than the Best SEE US FtiLD Supr ypsum 16-10 Ammo-Phos Am. Slpkjt Aw, Mitrat Salgkur BOROH 14-W-H 6-20-20 12-12-6 Inoculants for Legumes Fir Sts. CHIT HAT By JOE COWUY Mti Tribune lrm Editor Well, the Cubans are having troubles with chickens now. Seems the government there can't quite decide which should come first, the chicken or the egg. Chicken farmers there are being encouraged to breed pullets to produce the eggs much needed by the Cubans. They used to g chickens from Florida. However, all such agricultural goods which would be exported to Cuba are now under a U. S. trade embargo. So the Cubans are trying to produce pullets from eggs which they don't have enough of. The price of eggs is strictly regulated at about seven cents each and no black market has been organized so far. With all the cackling Castro has begn doing perhaps he will come up with something. Contrary to what many people think, it's not the grain farmers who have shown the most recent rapid production growth. It's the poulSymen. According to federal figures, since 1947 production of poultry and eggs has risen 50 per cent. This can be compared with 30 per cent for weat ani mals, 1 per cent for dairy products, 18 per cent for crops and 25 per cent for all farm products combined. Over-production, in fact, is the trouble in the egg indus try. Local poultrymen are concerned over the large numbers of out-of-state eggs brought in on the wheels of swift, far reaching transportation. So, they are emphasizing quality and only the top quality eggs gon s Independent Egg Producers. Look for that seal when you buy. Well, women set their hair with beer and one old time female cinema star bathed in milk. Perhaps somebody will come up with the idea that nightly will ensure complexion sense as some of these health health food we ever consumed Grandma's big tablespoon every outrun that supply of sulphur Anyway, California is crowing about leading the parade in egg production and is planning a January sales promotion For 13 conrcutive years California layers have been setting new production records every led-the nation with 5.2 billion expects '9 per cent increase over the 1959 total. We sup pose, since California is under a Democratic administration this vould prove that the Democrats can lay 'em, too. The Golden State hens are also beating the average production per bird record. In 1959 California's layers pro duced an average of 229 eggs. This is 23 over the national average. It was only 15 years ago that the state's average was only 163 eggs per year. It wasn't too long ago that story about the health food eggs from happy hens. But poultrymen are now aiming at breeding happy hens, better-bred hens, betted-fed hens and hens protected against disease. California at Davis they are environment and social stress duction, too, we understand. Oregon's 1960 egg production estimates of 665 million places it far behind California's 1960 estimates of 5.7 billion. Oregon is 30th state in the nation for egg production. The hen average is a little better though. Oregon hens average 221 eggs a year and California 229 according to Robert Birdsall, specialist. While California is aiming al happy hens, Oregon Stale college is continuing its research on the compact models. Dr. Paul Bernier, of the OSC poultry department, now has about 250 midgets on test. He is looking tor birds with su perior characteristics with the hope of developing a strain ot midgets with consistently high performance. Eggs from the midgets average a little smaller than those from normal size hens. However, some o the midgets have been laying eggs of average size, plus producing as many as normal size hens. Idea is to get the same or greater egg production from hens requiring less feed. The research ers arc studying how well the hens stand the strain over a long period. They also want long-time records on the birds' nutritional requirements to maintain high production. There is a dandy little booklet out on "Public Relations or Peasantry" written by Ed Lipscomb, director of public relations for the National Cotton Council of America. In it he says it is all right for the farmer to hope public relations will make people love me as 1 am. He says this is correct .provided the farmers live lovably and they let people know 'about it. This area puts out top quality fruit and vegetables, yet after watching some of the people at She fruit and produce sections in local markets we wonder if they understand this. Buying fresh fruits and vegetables is like anything else. There's a right and wrong way t do it. Just because some fruit or vegetables arc priced low on a rising market doesn't mean you are eyeing a bargain. The "specials" may be overripe, partly deteriorated or of poor quality. Also, the over-large fruits may be pithy or thick skinned and be almost dry of juice. Over-large vege tables may be tasteless, pithy, or woody. Generally, you pay for what you get. Better fruits and Vegetables at the higher prices are free from wasteful cracks, blemishes and decay. There is less wasle to pare away so you really save money. Frtiiis and vegetables in season are usually best in fla vor and best price wise. All fresh vegetables, regardless of use, should be crisp, tender, free from bruises and fresh appearing for better flavor and more vitamin C. Select per sonally and consider the use. Fruits and vegetables may not have to be perfect if they are to be cut up for a salad. Check to see that the containers hold full measure and that the product is of good qualfiy throughout the pack. Slaik vegetables such as celery should have tender and firm stems. Pod vegetables like snap beans shouhe be free of bruises, firm and crisp. Root vegetabies like carrots should be firm, good rich color and smooth. Leafy vegetables such as lettuce and cabbage should have a bright color and be crisp. Gel your money's worth. Use the trimmings for saiad. Some fruits and vegetables contain more vitamin A or vita min C than others. Generally dark green or yellow vege tables contain more vitamin A. Citrus ltuits, raw cabbage, raw strawberries, cantaloupe and tomatoes are some of the belter0 sources of vitamin C. To figure the price, divu- the total tjst by the number of servings the purchase will yield. Kemember everyone needs at least four servings of fruits a;id vegetables (fresh, canned or frozen) each day. According to reports from Gerald Detering, Oregon Farm Bureau Federation president, townspeople at Kl Centre and Brawley in (lie heart of the lettuce country, turned out en masse to help the struck farmers get their crops harvested. Other farm groups such as the local cattlemen's association are helping with both labor and money, Detering learned on a recent trip through there. If the AWOC should call a strike in the nMdU of the pear harvest season would the local people do the same thing here? It might be a good plan to get some sort of ides It might aiso be a good Idea to enlist the aid of other farmer groups in the valley now, i i MEDFOBD MAIL TRIBUNE. will receive the seal of Ore an omelet applied to the face care. Makes about as much foods they are using. Only was supplied forcibly from spring. We soon were able to and molasses. 12 months. In 1959 California eggs produced. The state now we were chuckling over the fadist who was searching for Now at the University of talking of the effect of total on birds. This affects eggs pro eggs, based on 1959 figures, OSC agricultural information MEDFORD, OHEGCW MARKET fid mnii Livestock Auctk-n CATTLE; Salable 54U inriudinj? and heifers scsrtt;; slaughter cmvs fluuui Aitaa,v; staugmvr casves asm units .e; stcner classes active, particularly siack calves, steadv t smmg. quaSity and condition eonsittf rtd. Supply comprised of Si's than i pM ni siaughter cows, riRindr mainly ssockiT and ffetter classes, Const&tv nients almost entirely of northern California origin, SlaiisitiM- fmvs: individual Standard J7o lbs. lew head USii- ity SlS.31Mfi.30, Culler 513.5S-i5,0ii, Canner $UJJ0-i3S0, 'sheily' Cssi aers rimvn to around $9.23. Slaughter bulls; Couple head Utility 1370 and 1490 Ui. 19 3S and $19.9(1, Slaughter calves: Few indlvidal Sianrtard and Gid 2 70-3, "SO fcbs. $22.25-:? 4 75, Jew head Utiiitv 337 Mw, J 18 00 Stoelier and frrder stews: Pmati lots and individual Gimri and Choice 300-538 In cals-es $26.25-38 73, small lets nmn am! Medum 250-500 ibs- $19 20-2630. Few lots and individual Good and Choice 5S 600 lb. yearlings $24.50-26.5, tnciuHinR 2 head shipment 533 lbs. at $26 30. individual and smuU IsMs Common atid Medium 550-650 His. $18.00-24.00. S Sleeker and feeder heifers: Small lots and individual Good and t Choice 300-518 lb. calves $24 00-26 30, small lots and individual Cum-J men and Medium 245-4RO lis, 5ism-23u. Eumvsauas ana smsis mms Medium and Good 585-6S5 ib. veariiucs $19.00-20.30. stock caws: Few lots Common and Medium m-HS 00 per head. Small number Common and Medium with young calves at side SS52JHS 212.50 per nair. HtHiS: Salable 24 Supply mainly feeder piss. Feeder iss; Small lot Good and Choice 38 lbs. $22 00, small lot 38 lbs. $20 00, SHKK1M Salable none. Market untested. Gardening Tips By JOHN McLOUGHLIN County Extension Agent FLOWERING CHERRIES Home owners are requested not to plant both the Kwanzan and Shirofugen varieties of flowering cherries. These var ieties are carriers of the K and S little cherry virus and are a definite threat to the production of sweet and sour cherries. Research is under way to determine virus free stocks of these flowering varieties. If successful in finding a virus free strain it will be at least two or three years before these trees will be readily available. Please do not plant these varieties until you have been informed by this office that virus free stock are on the market. PROBLEMS It will greatly faciliiate identifying insects and dis eases if a sample of the insect or disease and host plant are forwarded to this office. You can readily see where one good sample would be belter than 100 words in such iden tification work. If the material is mailed lo Pollenization Crucial Operation Proper pollinizalion is one of the most crucial operations in a peach orchard, County Agent Dave Passon told the annual peach growers meet ing here last week. "You must bring the pollen in at the right time, Passon said. "It you have no pollen- izing trees then bouquets of blossoms from peach pollin izers must be brought into the orchard from three hours to three days after the trees bloom. About a day should be right." Giberellum, a growth stim ulating chemical, has been used by the University of California at Davis with good results in Hales. However, there is no recommendation yet, Passon noted. ' A pollenizing peach variety can be grafted or budded in the top of peach trees. Pollen izers interplantcd every fifth row is the best. Before the bees arc brought into an orchard to carry the fertilizing poiien to the blos soms the cover crop should be disked up, particularly mustard. Bouquets of the pol lenizers should be brought in when the trees are in full bloom, except for Hales, which are in their most re ceptive stage before full bloom. Bouquets should be cut when their blossoms are closed. Chemical Meeting Dates Now Changed Salem - The ninth annual Oregon agriculture chemical applicators' conference will be held Feb. 20 and 21 in Whitcombe Hall at Oregon Slate college in Corvaiiis. This is a change from the dates originally set in Jan uary. The conference is sponsor- j ed cooperatively by the State 1 department of agriculture and ' OSC. , Three broad topics, suggest ed by the applicators them selves, will be covered during . the sessions. They arc business j management, chemicals and j legislation. Speakers will in-j elude staff members of the college and of the Jepartmcnt, ! Auburn Morris, technical di- j rechw of the Moro chemical j company, Seattle, will be a j guest speaker as will Stuart Turner, consulting agroiogist, i San Francisco, Calif.; G. F. j Jacobson. Northwest Under-' writers, Portland; and Frank McKcnnon, former director of ; the State Department of Agri- j culture, Salem. , BRILL METAL WORKS RciidcniJ Sh Mtf WefJf Stainless Galvanized antf CepfMf fabrication 2287 West Main mom p 2.o NEWS Report, T4y, ian tt runrf 2iifl caives, Siaucbier steers m small sappier, jntdtr(riy sfsve. the office, additional informa tion as to the location of the plant (sun, partial shade, shade), soil condition (depth and kind) and cultural prac tices followed (watering, fer tilizing, etc.) is helpful. The Jackson county exten sion office is located on the first floor of (he county court house. Mail should be sent to P.O. Box 1069, Aledford. Identification and recom mendations will be made as soon as possible. Don't forget o enclose your name, address and phone number with the material. CHRISTMAS HOSE As you look at your garden; does it have that cold, wintry: look like most gardens at this; time of year? It could have: been bursting forth for the past month with large, waxy white, pale green or lavender anemone-like blooms produc ed by the various varieties of the Christmas Rose (Hetle borus ligraj. The Christmas Rose is a long lived perennial and with its handsome leathery dark evergreen foliage it is a val uable landscape plant. The flowers, averaging three inch es in diameter on 14-inch stems, last up to two months on the plant. The white flow ering varieties turn metallic rose, green or lavender as they fade. Both flower and foliage make excellent cut flower sr rangements. Success with this generally disease and insect free plant will come if you remember that they like well drained rich soil, partial shade and protection from drying winds. Once planted DO NOT DIS TURB. Use Manure Thorough soli preparation incorporating well rotted ma nure or other organic matter and boncmoal is advisable. Space al least two feet apart. for a plant when well estab lished will form an attractive foot high mound of leaves cov ering a square yard. A good mulch will help prevent roots from drying out. While the Christmas Rose is becoming established in your garden, flowering in the first few years will be below expectations. These first lew years, however, are more than compensated for when you have the established plant flowering in your garden. Modem Artificial Breeding with FROZEN SEMEN FROM AMERICAN BREEDERS' SERVICf Be ii fomiiy tow or dairy herd . , use our Service for the INHJRiTANCE FOR PROFIT! The dollars ye make may be your own) Sx'S', mid . ' f -w t I C, C. William ROGUE VALLEY PROVED SIRE SERVICE SP 2-4093 Healthy Sheep j Require Permit' ; To Enter Slate Salem-Healthy sheep from; non-quarantine areas now : need a permit though not a health certificate to enter Oregon and they must move directly So the approved dts siiiation. This is in line with a new requirement of the stale ; department of agriculture, cf-i feciive Jan, 18. The new rules are a result of a meeting between repre sentatives of the sheep indus try and department veterin ary officials on scabies con trol, now a nationwide prob lem. Sheep with other iiuec tious diseases must continue to meet federal interstate shipping standards. Sheep infected with scabies may enter Oresn under re stricted conditions. Infected sheep must have a permit and health certificate, must have been dipped as required and must move directly to a li censed federal or state slaugh ter plant where they must be kept in an isolated pen and slaughtered within 10 days after arrival. Sheep which have, been ex posed to scabies may be moved into the state only if they go directly lo their desti nation accompanied by the proper permits and have been dipped as prescribed by regu lations. Authorities are d e f i n i te about proper dipping methods. According to the new order, infected sheep must be dipped for scabies under supervision of n full time federal or au thorized state representative. They must be dipped at least twice at 10 to 14 day inter vals. 10 days before entering Oregon. Sheep exposed to scabies must be dipped once within 10 days prior to enter ing the state, The necessary heallh certi ficale Hist identify Ihe sheep, their point of origin, state that sheep have been dipped and whether ihe dipping was prop erly supervised and whether sheep are free from other in- feelious disease. This certifi cate must be signed by a full time authorized representa tive of the United States De partment of Agriculture or the state department of agri culture al the point of origin. All trucks or cars moving scabies infected sheep or those exposed, must be disinfected after delivery. fit v v J ' - -p: GROW BIG FRUIT TREE PROFITS EVEN IN ACID SOIL You can do ii with Viking ShipCalcium Nitrate Acid soil can rob you of fruit tree profits three ways, 1. It can slow the conversion of am monia nitrogen to usable nitrate forms. Even with heavy applications of am nionic nitrogen fertilizer, fruit trees can actually starve, 2. Because of low calcium, acid soil in susceptible to compaction and puddling. Feeder roots may become water-fogged and die. 3. Excess acidity can cause the forma tion of toxic chemicals highly dangerous to living tree roots. Viking Shin Calcium Nitrate can help you fight these acid-soil dangers. The fanl-aclivg niirate nitrogrn in Viking Ship k available without conver Use ihe fertilizer thai fights soil acidity! . . Viking Ship Calcium Nitrate Oislributai bj WILSON & GEO. MEYER & CO., San Francisco Portland Seattle Yakima TUESDAY. JAHUABTf Twig Borer Control Told, Peach Spray Dr. Louis O. Gentner, Southern Orgo Branch Ex-: periiiicnl station entomologist,: told the peach growers last: week tliaP the peach twig: borer showed some serioys outbreaks during the last two years. During the meeting in llie Siedford National Guard arm ory the entomologist said there has not been too much trouble with the twig borer "for quite a few years," hui the year before last and last year some orchards suffered serious outbreaks of this in sect pest. Until recently para sites may have kept liiis in sect pest under control. Dr. Centner said. The twig borer lays its eggs in the fail in little chimney like cocoons in which they winter over. When they emerge in the spring Jliey bore into the new growth and teed on the spurs. When the second brood hatches they bore into the fruit. Dormant oil with or with out phosphate no longer gives the desired control. Or. Cent ner said. Recommended now is DDT applied at ihe rate of two pounds vcr 100 gal- ions of water or Thiodan, one pound to 100 gaiions of water. Announcing his spray pro gram for the new year, Coun ty Horticultural Agent Clif ford B. Cordy recommended dormant oil and copper as the first spray to be applied PEAR GROWERS ATTEriTIOK- Plant Ouinte Roof Pear Trees of PROVEN aKilitv wft rt fwpr Sft vpaK nf A r jiii e,rt production records in are, California,, No detltne problem. Call tolled AXminister ager Ken Hartman of Leonard Coales Nurseries, inc. P.O. Box 231 San Jose, California A Program Set about Feb. JS to control aphids, leaf euri, and Calitor nia pach blight. During the pink blossom stage, lag, puratized, Phygon, Ziram and Captain may im applied. These elieraicals era not hard on bees. Cordy said Timing is quite important ia this case, he said. At the 70 per cent bloom stage the same chemicals should be applied as during Hie pink blossom stage. At Ihe petal fall stage, DDT should be applied for control of peach twig borer. During the summer Kel thane, and DDT can be'ap plied, from July 10 to mid August. Harvest Time Sprays At the harvest time Ziram, Captan dust or sulphur may te applied to control brown rot. This should be timed 10 to 25 days before liarvest so there is no visible residue the fruit, Cordy cautioned. DDT can be applied Hires weeks before harvest. Cordy aiso announced that a plant growth eourse would, be conducted in the court house auditorium every Thursday, starting at 9 3ili , Feb. IS. Those interested should apply as soon as pos sible at the county extension office. ihs Santa Clara Valley 6-2902, ask for Man Froit Tree Department. 31, 1361 sion. Unlike amnionic forms, nitrate trtigen is not trapped in upper soil layers. It moves with water to the root zone where it can go to work immediately to give trees a vigorous start, help them set big crops. , Viking Ship also provides SO water mlnhle rftleinm that helps counteract soil acidity. By improving soil structure, it helps prevent compaction, so that tree roots can forage easily for nourishment. And Vikins Ship is easy to apply, ft can be spread evenly or metered accu rately in irrigation water; St dissolves quickly; it leaves no residue. Ask your fertilizer dealer for complete informa tion about Viking Ship Calcium Nitrate. Equivalent lo2S. lime expressed iitu8 ox id.