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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 5, 1961)
MEDFOHD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, ORE. 1ST The Rogue River Fisheries L tream "'.Protection lis o Drn porta n't in Control' STORE HOURS: THURSDAY. JANUARY 5, 1961 Super Market 'vsr We Reserve the Right to li O SILVER DOLLAR STAMPS Hatural Habi-tat Reported Best (or Preserving, Runs (Editor's note: Thii it the 10th in a series of articles on the Rogue fishery and its ' management. Today's article is a general discus sion of the need to pre serve the natural character istics of streams and lakes to maintain adequate fish ing. The program to correct some of the more serious losses of fish is outlined.) Cole Klverl By COLE M. RIVERS Fisheries Agent State Game Commission Stream protection is one of the most important phases of fishcrv management work. The most suc cessfully prov en method for main tnining fish popula tions, particu larly s a lmon and stcclhead, Is to protect the natural characteristics of our streams and give Mother Nature a chance to do her job well. Hatcheries can be used to solve isolated problems, but the most effective method to preserve and restore fish runs is to protect the habitat and let the fish do the Job for themselves. Poorly designed and care lessly constructed roads from the fish management stand point can damage streams so that many years may be re quired for recovery. Some streams are already so badly damaged that they may never recover. Much progress has been made in the past decade to encourage road building agencies to modify their de signs for the protection of streams and fish life. Destroy Habitat Logging operations often destroy many miles of fish habitat In streams. The dam age is commonly caused by skidding logs into the chan nel, stripping the banks of valuable cover, and leaving debris from which jams can be formed. Abandoned, exposed soils may erode and, as a result, fish eggs and aquatic fish foods in the gravel are smoth ered. Abusive disturbance of cover often causes changes in the pattern of runoff so that the streams suffer from scour ing floods in the winter and dry beds in the summer. Not many years ago, little was known on just how to prevent damages to streams by logging. Trial and error methods were studied by co operating agencies, such as the private timber companies, forest service, soil conserva tion service, and the game commission. Improved logging and road building techniques were found to protect water, soil, and cover. Good Management Private landowners are us ually Interested in the pro tection of their own lands. They, too, are learning Hint stream protection practices needed for fish follow the principles of good land man agement. Fishery people are attempt ing to secure the cooperation of private agences engaged in land-use practices to protect the streams and watershed More Important Is the need to Inform the general public which methods are damaging and which procedures are beneficial. Inventory of 'log jams and ladders, building fi.sli passage at dams, recommending solu tions to problems at bridges, culvrts and Irrigation feH- ities arc other routine rvipun nihilities of fish munasxrs. Method Sound . Wheiwi method knind to prevent the extensive lotses of downstream migrant eleel head and salmon in irrigation ditches, the game ciommfelon constructed a plant at Control Point to Oevelop and ii'O'ui facture the Oregon rotary fish screen. Decause of mQtQl shortages through World Var II, the program was not start ed on a large scale until llk5. This Is now one of the most tlmc-consumlnOmd expensive programs the game commis sion undertakes. Yet it ranks high In Importanc for the protolonQof salmon and ateelhcad. A state law re quires that all dltehrs and di versions under eight fr0 in width be scrcennd aiW nifti talncd by the commission. On largrr diversions, this respon sibility lies with the build ing agciiry. As litany 1B4 fish sexeens have been operating ifir the i ns t .4:P it,- JV' apt Wf . t t. mUl LOG JAM Ihis shows a typical log jam that was formed represent only a part of the damage to tributaries and by tinordeily logging practices. These jams block runs of fish life, according to the Oregon game commission, steelhead and salmon from valuable spawning areas, and Rogue watershed at one lime. In 1960, 156 screene wore being used and maintained. Worth Expenditure The game commission feels that this ' screening program is well worth the expenditure involved. As many as 27,000 wild migrants have been counted from one screen on a tributary. Larger screens which divert migrants from ditches off the main channels of the Rogue and Applcgate divert many more in a season. A 1950 study showed that the numbers of fish saved from all screened ditches in the Rogue system that year represented more fish than 10 of the Butle Falls hatchery. More Important, these were rugged, wild salmon and stccl head that are known to be maintaining the Rogue river stocks. Because of adverse flow conditions, not oil screens can save 100 per cent of the mi grants in a ditch. Many changes are being made every year to eliminate the escape ment of fish through and around screens and to try to attain 100 per cent efficiency. In the past, fish ladders were constructed along a common pattern. When It was realized that most of these old-type structures provided fish passage at only one stage of water, biologists, engineers and hydrologists combined their knowledge to design lad ders that could be used by fish at all stages of flow. The joint efforts of these special ists have also made It pos sible to remove fish from large volumes of water such as from canals and forcbays above turbine Intakes. Laws Inadequate Generally, the laws which protect fishery habitat are In adequate In Oregon. The law prohibits trees, logs, brush and drift placed in or nrar a stream without "forthwith re moving the nunc" is a val uable tool for controlling damage created by logging There is no strong legisla tion to control silt loads. Laws do not exist to control the removal of gravel from val uable stream beds, but some oiwralorj. arc showing excel lent cooperation with the same commission by s'pi't inc llieir borrow area from the main stream flow with n iinditturhrd dike. SlrtMii protection work ill Iwi-nii- more Important In the rumr e isevolovmriit of the Htevie valley continues Comuletc unTstndini end cooperation of the generel public iii'e."ary 'or the protection ol" ntuil stream chaioi'teftstim Without them, the i of U'e Hut,"'' niriery resource) on tccroft tiotl id rei'onontU- eveJ (liiot continue) O tart Arthft-. Tex. ilTO City Commissioner C. R. Kis ler has what he bclfvcs an effective method lotOd', T J 1 V PREVENT LOSSES Oregon rotary fish screens prevent the loss of hundreds of thousands of downstream migrant salmon and steelhead In irrigation ditches. These screens are built and maintained by the Oregon game commission. , , l-'v m v.; & i v- v Lung Cancer Tissue Grown In Laboratory San Francisco - (IIP1I- A Uni versity of California scientist has succeeded In growing hu man lung cancer tissue in the laboratory, the American Can cer Society has reported. The scientist is Dr. Redla Caillcau of the Medical Cen ter's Cancer Research Insti tute. She has been able to grow lung cancer cells in flasks for the past two years, enabling her to study the physical and chemical behavior of lung cancer under controlled con ditions. Pationt SHU Alive The cancerous tissue which provided the cells was re moved from a portion of lung from 53-yoar-nlrt barber in January, 11)5(1. The patient still is alive and in good health, the society said. The original (issue, about the sire of a walnut, was cut into small hits and grown in covered dishes. Most of the pieces, thv society said, were made up of groups of delicate strands. Oitt of the strands, slxiut the stM of a pin head and contained JOtl to S(H cancer .ells, vs placed In iiwoisl fla.-ik sad covered with nutrient liquid. After lyirj dormant for t ni'Hith, tti evils txian to nmjiuily, and Since that time IllCy hat liten tranft'rrd nrnrlv 71) bmi bv olaciou (D.ibout oiev0(e liPH it t!s : tsu unusual plea not Jhtil'())j ': ' . V '1 V.;. ' So . i f i a. JM7KNPe; i''- '.. --WsfcjSt aAN'' ... " s-m s SK RS BtsWiewaMJMesjifcMA DE1PEN CHANNEL A deeper channel is blasted through the rocks at Rainie Kails on the Rogue river downstream from Cilice to improve fish passage. Inflation Causes Not Guilty Plea Pllu. Tex. tltfji - Asslttant Pistriet Attorney ffink Watts lays he wt prostvtiuti eu fined robtiery trietl recent!. Wlih the (Ji-4lIms mexie old i') in niw f.ttk every two weitgs. O gin Chiffli.i) Op) Caillcau said We has l ause of inflation rl'hCQyc(ise attornev claim cW that ttD OOcl.t al- telephone calls from queru-1 (mnui (hpciuu'er cclhave an i Inlu-rlli-rt physical aimcntal loos constituents who phone m erace oWB cliroinosomfrm. I chnracvOstlc. at a late hour, q stead of the 4(1 found Mn I Or. Xailleau worked -or nsl call (hem T.ack IhcjniwriiQj tissues. Chromosomes three years before uiW next Q''1' same afrcar In the iwlrus of the i fully growing the cells under lime, rii a little later, to give cell id contam the genes artificial, conditions, the so Uicui their answer." which control Uio individual's ' ciety said. leilly stole nnv sound like a lot of niotvey, tout It redly isn't wlicit you considvr e. dol lar is worth only about 59 Vltpa must haW.t the jurors lv)brooding. They pos sibly fajircd that in these days of 59 cos, instead of making $5 day for Ji.- duty they wir actually getting $295 They returned a 30-year verdict against the defendant. 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