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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 29, 1960)
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1960 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON Latest Study Prog ress On Pear Decline Reported By JOE COWLEY Mail Tribune Farm Editor A group of horticultural de tectives led by Prof. Henry Hartmnn and County Horti cultural Agent Clifford B. Cor dy hove tracked pear decline down to two general types: graft union, and that caused by cultural and environment al factors. To do so they had to learn what pear tree rootstocks are grown in the Rogue valley and what types of decline af fect what rootstocks more than others. This meant long hours pouring over records and correspondence of Prof. F. C. Reimer, former head of the Southern Oregon Branch experiment station. Professor Reimer wrote extensively to California and Oregon grow ers to learn types of root- stocks being planted. , Basis for much of this re search were records complied by a WPA crew in 1936 under the close supervision of the county horticultural agent. "Then I felt that such rec ords were vital since many of the valley's pear tree plant ings were still fresh in peo ples' minds," Cordy said. "This study established the range in ages of trees in most valley orchards," Cordy said. Oriental Stock Studied Much of the pear decline trouble seems to be in Orient al rootstocks. The researchers learned that no seed of orient als was available until It was brought in about 1919. Then It was not grown into nursery stock until 1921. "We have learned 'Jap' rootstock was planted after 1921. Then Ussuriensis or Cal lcryana was planted here in the mid-20s to the late 20s," Cordy said. "The chief con fusion in Identification of root stocks Is between the Serotlna or 'Jap' rootstock." Rootstock identification is a small and specialized corner -of the science of horticulture. Few men have the skill arid background to make success ful identification. Three of these people are Professor Reimer, dean of this science, Cordy and Hartman. Each is well versed in a particular section of this identification: "Graft union decline ap pears to be Infectious al though this has not been fully established," Professor - Hart man explained. "Graft union decline is definitely associated with specific rootstocks." It is very sever on trees with Serotina or "Jap" roots. The acreage of trees an this rootstock in tho Rogue vnlley is small. It's very severe also on weak strains of Ussurien sis. The acreage of trees on this type of Ussuriensis in this area is also very small. Such graft union decline ap pears to be only moderately severe among the vigorous Ussuriensis variety here. Old Home Free "Trees with Old Home ' trunks are free of graft union decline provided the Old Home is well established on its own roots," Hartman point ed out. "Trees on Calleryana roots are generally free of graft union decline at the present time.' This Old Home intcrslock was not brought here until 1912 from Illinois. This inter- stock was ' not widely used until the early 1920s. One of the Old Home trees planted Figure It out. The aver age family doctor bill is only J66 a year. Three 520 pcrmanenti plus a few sessions at the beau lyparlorcostnlot more. One reason for medical costs staying so low is modern drugs and pre scriptions. Health h Priceless, YtlCoslsLea Thai- Piw Prescriptions Free Delivery Open 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. Dally CLOSED SUNDAYS d&f Green Stamps CONVENIENT LOCATION MAIN and CENTRAL costs iwtken, Ml here by Professor Reimer is located at the old headquar ters of the Southern Oregon Experiment stntlon on the South Pacific highway just south of Phoenix. It is the only known survivor of the trees Imported by Reimer. Reimer was looking for a variety which would be blight resistant. This disease took large blocks of pear trees out of production in the early 1900s. He found Old Home was blight resistant. This variety was originally free of the "measles" affecting Cali fornia trees which have a com bination of Old Home and another variety. . This "measles" is indicated by pock marks in the tree wood, according to Cordy. The horticultural agent suid researchers would have to study the history of- such or chard replants to learn the precise cause. However, he feels the trouble has been brought to the Old Home root stock by the replants on it "We feel the bulk of Old Home in this area are 'measles-free' and any wood taken from them is also free, Cordy said. "Growers who are planting trees should be cer tain that trees on Old Home interstock or rooted cuttings are from measles - free sources." v Affects French Stock Cultural decline seems to affect French rootstock more than other types, Professor Hartman said. "A very large percentage of the trees in this type of de cline are apparently deterior ating because of a rotted con dition of the main root sys tem," Hartman said. "This form of decline definitely fol lows a water puttern. . Soil fungus organisms may play a part in this form of decline but excess wetness appears to be the primary cause of the trouble." Of the other factors adding to the cultural decline "a fairly large percentage of the trees in this category obviously are going out as the result of old blight infections in the trunks and roots. "One of the major factors contributing to decline is ex cessive use of certain- types of fertilizer, Cordy said. "How ever, since this was discover ed it has been largely correct ed by a change in fertilizer In practices." ' Other causes of the cultural form of decline appear to be rodent' injury, poor oil con ditions and crown gall infec tions. . i Hartman appeared on a pear decline panel which Included Clifford B. Cordy, Jackson county horticultural agent as moderator; C. G. Woodbrldge, Washington Slate University horticultur ist; Dick Betholl, Placervillc, Calif., farm advisor; Thomns A. Shalla, plant pathologist, University of California; and Ron Cameron, OSC plant pa thologist at the annual horti cultural society meeting Nov. 17. Cameron discussed fungus organism which may work In roots of trees and said he was not able to consistently re gain it. Lists Conditions He noted two, and possibly three, conditions causing symptoms classified as pear decline: (1) death of numer ous and often large roots, (2) phloem-necrosis at the graft union generally attributed to a virus, (3) poor cultural prac tices due primarily to im proper handling of water. (This may he related to the first condition, he snld.) Total number of trees af fected by dead roots In the Rogue River valley is un known but it is guessed at 140,000 trees. Above ground symptoms are similar to oth er types of decline and below ground symptoms cannot be confirmed without removing the tree, he explained "This problem differs from the phloem-necrosis decline or graft union disorder In that (1) there is no visible phloem damage at the graft union, (2) starch content of the remaining roots Is exceed ingly high and apparently causes excessive camblal nc- tlvlty especially In produc tion of phloem, and (3) trees may recover If conditions in tho root area are favorably changed, (4) a rather high per centage of the trees involved nre on French roots and H) 80 to 90 per cent of a tree's roots are dead, according io the plant pathologist, , Graft union and root symp toms are quite different, Cam eron pointed out: (1) There Is usually a brown line at the graft union thai Is the conse quence of phloem necrosis, (2) because of the degonora tlon of the sieve tubes, carbo hydrates do not move Into the roots and the starch content of the roots Is low. Inability of carbohydrates to move across the graft union some times causes an increase in phloem growth above the un ion, (3) no clear cut cases of tree recovery are known, (J) a high percentage of the trees with this typo of decline are on oriental roots, and (5) only the very fine feeder roots are dead or lacking. Third Type Explained "The third type of decline Is related to cultural prac tices and is more properly handled in the soils and hor ticulture departments," Cam eron said. "It is to be expected as cultural practices affect the soil environment they will also affect both disease potential and symptoms, and cooperation should continue between plant pathology and other departments concerned with the over-all pear decline problem." 550 More Acres of Ragweed Found By Weed Sprayers Salem - An estimated 11, 400 acres with ragweed infes tation have been labeled "con- trolled" bv SDravers from theuu"' l"B L"UU1 Ju,,l;" f'"S"""s. iiwnaira a iiui-awy cuuiu troiiee, Dy sprayers from ine,a,so take advantage of the ..free scnool lunch program A ragweed control program, ac cording to report from the stale department of agricul ture. This is 1,100 acres more than was sprayed in 1959. Several new infestations were located this year, accord ing to the report: Five in Jo sephine county, two in Polk county, three in Marion coun ty and one in Clackamas coun ty in southeast Portland. These total about S50 acres. Pollen trapping stations were set up at several loca tions in the control area. The American Academy of Aller gy reported, as of Oct. 12, the Portland area had a zero pol len count of ragweed for the entire season. Reading of slides from other areas has not been completed. Primary Purpose The primary purpose of the ragweed program is to reduce the pollen and seed count as much as possible. Soil sam pling of known infested fields was started in 1959. Seed pop ulation counts are determined by washing samples through a series of screens and retain ing the ragweed seed. On the soil samples in 19(10, an ap parent seed population reduc tion in each sample was found. Infestation Is checked .as soon as it Is reported. There continues to be some confu sion, - say officials, between lunsy ragwort and ragweed, although the plants are not at all alike. Tansy ragwort is a biennial which rosettes the first year and at that time has a "growth habit somewhat like the dandelion. The sec ond year it grows upright about 30 inches and has largo yellow flowers about the size of a quarter. Ragweed is of two types, annuul and pcrenniul, which arc difficult to differentiate. Ragweed has many green flowers about the size of a mutch head, growing in a "spike." The tiny flowers are a faint yellow in the pollen stage. The height varies from six inches to six feet. Rag weed tends to travel much more than ragwort. ASC Recommends Adequate Records By GENE WINTERS County Agent ' Chairman Albert Straus of the Jackson County Agricul tural Stabilization and Con servation committee today re minded wool growers who marketed unshorn lambs this fall of the importance of keep Ing adequate records of their sales. These records are need ed next spring for use In ap plying for payments under the wool program, "I want to urge strongly," Mr. Straus said, "that growers get these fall sales records to gether now and either keep them in a safe place at home or file them at the county ASC office. Applications for payments on 1960-61 market ings must be filed by the end of next April, and may be filed any time before then." The sales record for lambs sold must Include the mime of the buyer, his signature, and the number of llveweight lambs sold, plus the descrip tion "unshorn." To encoi...ige the customary practice of sell ing lambs with the wool on, lamb payments are made only on lambs that have never boon shorn. County Agent Earle Jossy reported 380 lambs were ship ped out last week in the Jack son county lamb pool. Half of these were feeders. The feed ers were shipped to Dixon and the fat lambs to San Fran cisco. Due to shortage of sup ply there probably won't be any . more lamb pools for awhile, Jossy said. Italy's "autostrada," which was opened in 1925, was the world's first expressway lo separate fast, long-distance traffic from local traffic, CHIT CHAT By )Ot COWLEY Mall Tribune arm Editor "Well, did you see all the smoke going up all over the valley?" This question from our number one pear industry pulse-taker. "Didn't you see that Edward R. Murrow show Friday night on migrant labor?" Yes, we saw it. We thought it portrayed some extreme examples of migrant labor poverty although we do admit something must be done about the overall situation. So far we haven't heard much of a fuss from pear row. This must mean that more people don't get their news from KBES-TV than from any other single source In this area. This program was also announced during the panel talks on "Labor Un ions and Seasonal Agricultural Labor" at the hort society meeting in Corvallls on Nov. inaustry didn t put on a mediately after the show to One of the women at the office was greatly disturbed by the show and thought something should be done to cor rect the situation immediately. She indicated the burden for corrective action should be on the community. Interestingly enough, she reported she was greatly outnumbered by those at the plant who opposed her views. We know it was a big topic of discussion at our little church in the. heart of the fruit country here. Since these are naturally prejudiced. Their general comments on the "Harvest of Shame were, "It like a cheapskate!" If the church people 61 this of the picture, they can do one es could unite and provide a children. The government provides surplus agricultural prod- second-hand clothing depot As for housing, unde new state laws sanitarians are required to inspect njigrant labor housing, sanitation and drinking water facilities. The report for this area was "gen erally pretty good." This past season only a preliminary check was made and violations pointed out to growers. En forcement will come next year for health authorities know you can't force any program down the throats of the people involved. . , We haven't seen all the farm labor housing in this area, but what we have seen is neat and sanitary. We do know that in a few cases there is room for much improvement. One of the large orchards moved in some fairly large family type houses for pickers this season and it cost them good money to do it. Strangely enough we didn't get this infor mation from the pear industry which should announce such good examples. Now for the health of the migrant workers ... In Cali fornia where the Agricultural Workers Organizing commit tee started their drive the past season, growers have vol untarily financed a health survey of migrant workers and their families and plan to finance mobile health units to care for these people. Due to the everchanging tide of migrant labor it is difficult to follow up health cases. They're only here two months at the most. However, two years ago a Jackson county public health team did survey the pickers and found almost ail of them had had their immunization shots and basic health care, probably received in California where the picking season is At to transportation of migrant workers . . , Oregon has a new law with stringent regulations governing farm labor transports. Such regulations apply to seating, safety devices and overall condition of the vehicle. There are also strict regulations on picking crew leaders, but we don't have those here. We don't use child labor here, either, unless you can classify the few local teen-agers used as child labor. Necessity to constantly move heavy ladders makes use of child labor impractical as pearmen have pointed out. As for education ... A recent report on a summer school for migrant children in the "very successful. Since this gives the migrant children a chance to catch up on their much-needed schooling this might spread to other areas. The John Zuckerman, who1 panel at OSC and on the TV show, is a grower from Stockton, Calif, and owns 700 or more acres.ypart of which is in the Klamath Falls area. He is vice president of the Council of California Growers. There are in the hort society panel discussion on farm labor which we had to leave out due to lack Norman Smith, director of the AWOC, opened with the remarks that, "Agricultural workers are the poorest paid, most under-privileged, worst treated people in the United States today. Simple human justice demands these people be allowed to raise themselves to the same level of standards other Americans enjoy. Wo feel the best way to do this is to bargain. Farmers have many labor problems. Organiza tion of the labor force will solve some of these. We will stay with the job until it is done in every state in the Union." Zuckerman said, "Actual field' work in California has been conducted by Smith. No California farmer asked them lo come. They are dedicated to securing union dues and not higher wages for farm workers." "The average wage of tho California farm workers was $1.15 an hour plus welfare programs such as housing, trans portation, etc. AWOC is in California because the way has been prepared for them and because the higher wages paid the workers there permit them to ay dues." "The success of AWOC in California is unknown be cause Smith and his co-workers refuse to divulge figures. Those workers we know who have affiliated so far are the unfortunate, skid-row type who are expecting something for nothing." ' "In spite of union claims they have not raised wages In California. On Feb. 15, 1959 Dclmar Byrd, union operator, staled he obtained SI. 15 per hour. Wages have not changed since. Their (the union's) chief effect has been harrassment of farmers." Questions and answers from the floor from all types of farmers pointed out that the union's "only purpose is to raise living standards of agriculture laborers." AWOC does not guarantee a labor force. Smith defined a family farm "In the terms of the bank ers" as where the farmer does not employ more than one full-time hired man. The operation is carried on by mem bers of the family except during peak seasons. Regarding children, Smith replied, "We have no inten tion of organizing children. We do not object to them work ing during peak seasons." Near the end, Smith said, "I am not a dictator, but I do believe in bargaining. 1 cannot tell you what would be a fair increase in wages I do not know the facts. I do not know what the farmer can pay." A few comments on the TV show More states than those mentioned are honestly trying to correct abuses. Edward R. Morrow was raised in the state of Washington where much of tho housing near strawberry fields looked like pig hutches last time we were there. One prominent pear grower was surprised that his is a national problem. , . ., . , The agricultural research Hie Agriculture Research , publk.ation statcs ,f le service reports that 25,312,-1 trend toward larger milking 672 tons of fertilizer was con-j herds Is accelerated, it is con sumed in the United Slates celvable that in a few years In the year ended June 30, 1959. The fertilizer compris ed 24,089,468 tons of produces containing one or more of the primary nutrients and 1,223. 204 Ions of secondary and trace nutrient materials. 17. We're surprised the pear- program either before or im counteract its obvious effects. people are fruitgrowers theyv sure makes the farmer look area feel aroused as a result thing about it. All the church nursery with hot meals for the might be set up, also. longer. Willamette valley area rated it appeared on the farm labor a number of things Included of time and space. less than 200,000 dairy farm ers may be able to supply the milk needed in the United States. The 1954 census of agricul ture shows that there were about 850,000 farms from which milk was sold. Egg Men Toi Of Organization About 12 Rogue Valley egg producers, which pretty well represents commercial pro ducers in this area, attended a promotional meeting of the Independent Egg Dealers as sociation a week ago. Although most of the mem bers of this year-old organ ization live in the Willamette valley, center of the state's egg production, the associa tion is trying to draw more commercial operators from this area. Aim of the new Oregon Corn Show Scheduled For December 2-3 Corvallis - Tall fields of corn are becoming a common sight in Oregon, with produc tion of this crop expected to establish new records in the state this year. This is setting the stage for one of the best state corn shows in history, reports Don Brewer, exten sion certification specialist at Oregon State college. The 19th annual Oregon State Corn Show will be held Dec. 2 and 3 at the Clacka mas County fairgrounds in Canby, Brewer said. It will be open to the public Friday noon. Main features of the show will be the hybrid corn yield contest, 10-ear exhibits, and a judging contest of 10 class es of crn. In addition, there will be a soft corn and hay exhibit, and FFA chapter ex hibits. The main events are divid ed into adult, 4-H, and FFA classes. Winners are awarded plaques and cash prizes by the state corn show commit tee. Rules Given Adults entering the vield contest must haVe five acres of corn sampled for yield de termination. FFA and 4-H members entering the contest must have one acre sampled. Anyone planning to enter the contest should contact the county extension agent im mediately, Brewer said. The state is divided into two districts - west and east - for the yield contest, Brew er added. The western dis trict is also divided into Irri gated and non-irrigated class es. Last year's winner in the yield contest was Douglas Du Puis, Hermiston, with an aver age yield of 169.1 bushels per acre. Highest yield so far in the show was an entry In 1953 by Ronald Larson, Hermis ton, of 204.3 bushels per acre. Exhibitors in the 10-ear class must have their exhibits at the fairgrounds by noon on Dec. 1. In some counties, ex tension agents are making ar rangements to transport ex hibits to the show, Brewer noted. By JOHN McLOUGHLIN County Extension Agent MOWER CARE Be-fore putting the lawn mower into winter storage a fall maintenance program is advisable. Keeping your mow er in good condition will lead to better performance and will extend the life of the mower. Remove all grass and leaves from wheels, sprockets, reels and blades. Clean the mower of all accumulated dust and dirt. Check the blade or cutter bar for sharpness. A sharp blade is important for good lawn appearance and makes mowing a lot easier. Dull blades will pull the grass rather than cut it. This causes browning of the turf. Adjust the cutting units for rotory and reel type mowers. To check the reel type hbld a piece of paper between the knife blade and the reel and slowly turn the reel by hand. Each reel blade should cut the paper along the entire knife blade. Adjustments are located on the mower to regu late this. Power mower owners should change the crankcasc oil and clean and refill the oil bath filter on the carbu retor. This will help to avoid wear on the piston ring and connecting rod. The spark plug should be cleaned or re placed. Be sure the gap is set at the recommended width. ' Before using the mower next spring make sure all the nuts, bolts, and screws are tight. The mower should be oiled periodically throughout the season at the indicated points, PHILODENDRONS No matter how well phi lodendrons arc eared for they seem to drop their lower loaves as they advance in age. When they lose these leaves and start to grow out of con group is to convince distribu tors and consumers that their best buy is Oregon farm-fresh, high quality eggs as promoted by the association. Chris Moss, Cottage Grove, and Ray Holt, Corvallis, explained the as sociation program to those poultrymen attending the meeting In the county court house on Monday, Nov. ' 14. "Our aim is to make this an effective organization to meet the needs of and be re sponsible to the egg produ cers of Oregon yet help them to maintain their independent status," the growers were told. "A central office in Eu gene will coordinate the op eration and help the producer to maintain his demand. Prob lems will be solved as they arise." To Coordinate Operations The central office will keep the egg producers informed as to market conditions and through coordination help eliminate egg surpluses and shortages, it was explained. Association seals are available to members on approval of their applications for this high quality designation, the board members explained. This seal applies to Double A quality or better and can be used on egg cartons con taining only top quality eggs, it was explained. These seals have been used in the Rogue valley for about two months and a number of egg pro ducers in the Willamette val ley have been using them. A local producer explained that, basically, low prices last year forced a number of peo ple out and many didn't re plenish their laying flocks. As a result of a somewhat short market, egg prices have been following a general upward trend since July. According to Friday s Portland market quo tations Double A large eggs are bringing farmers 44-90V& cents. The price to retailers per carton is 56 to 62 cents for double A large. This rep resents quite a spread, 6 cents between the inside and out side of the market. Jackson county has' about 15 commercial egg producers and quite a few "back yard producers," a local poultry man noted. Division Sets Meet For Foods Staff Men Salem - Semi-annual staff conference of the Division of Foods and Dairies, of the State Department of Agricul ture, will be held at the Sa lem offices on Nov. 29-30. Main purpose of these con ferences is to acquaint and re-acquaint personnel with the dairy laws and the en forcement of these laws. The department wants uniformity in observance of these rules. This year, according to di vision chief O. K. Beals, the group will also discuss work plans. These would be pro grams which would help the individual plan his work time in the most effective man ner. trol it is best ,to start new plants. Philodendrons are easily propagated by bud cuttings. Cut the stem VI inch below the node and place the cutting in a flat or pot filled with a light soil or other rooting media. The cutting is set V4 inch deep. Leave any aerial roots that have developed on the stem as these will turn to terrestrial roots when ir contact with the soil. Keep the cuttings in a hu mid atmosphere free of direct sunlight. A piece of plastic wrapped around so as to en close the propagating area will help keep the atmosphere humid. When roots have developed and reached inch in length transplant to a soil mixture high in organic, matter. Phi lodendrons are heavy feeders. Last of Grimms' Works Published Bonn. Germany - IUPD - The Brothers Grimm are best known for their fairy tales, but they also started some thing much longer - so long, in fact, that the last sections just went into print this sum mer. The monumental work is the "Deutsches Woerterbuch," the most voluminous diction ary of the German language ever written. The dictionary traces the development of the German language from its be ginning and represents an un rivaled Source of information for philologists. The brothers Jacob and Wil helm Grimm began compiling the dictionary at the sugges tion of a Leipzig publishing house in 1838, hoping to com plete it within a few years. However, by the time the last surviving brother, Jacob, died Demonstration Set On Tree Pruning A discussion and demon stration of peach tree prun ing will be held this Wed nesday, Nov. , 30. at 1:30 p.m. on the Curtis Stockstill farm. The Stockstill ferm is Vi mile west of Phoenix on Fourth St. and Houston rd. Anyone having peaches or an interest in pruning is invited to attend and share his ideas and problems with the group. Sale of Unmarked And Unlit Cull Potatoes Ha Salem A warning to any one who tries to sell cull po tatoes without properly mark ing them as culls is contain ed in an incident reported by the state department of agri culture. Potatoes purchased in anoth er state by an Oregon produce dealer were resorted and the culls placed in unlabeled turned and used sacks and sold to another produce deal er. Oregon law requires cull potatoes to be plainly mark ed with letters two-inches high if offered for the con sumer trade. Or they may be sold as livestock feed to live stock feeders only without the cull marking. In the recent incident, some of the potatoes were sold at No. 1 and No. 2 prices to restaurants, produce stands and individuals in southwest Oregon. Sales in Oregon were slow, so attempt was made to get part of the lot into Cali fornia. The border station re jected the lot as Having "about 90 per cent soft rot". Attempt Made Undismayed, another sales attempt was made, this time in southern Oregon. Here a restaurant operator' urged in-spection-by the State Depart ment pf Agriculture. The de partment found the lot unfit for human consumption and ordered immediate "dump ing". Part of the original lot held in another section of the state was inspected with a plus "75 per cent soft rot" verdict. These potatoes were dumped under department su pervision. Instead of filing complaint against the dealer, the depart ment directed, in what is be lieved to be the best interest of the innocent purchaser, that the dealer pick up all potatoes sold and return the full pur chase price, with refund re cepits to be submitted to the department. , Sixty Herds Said Quarsrlned Now Salem-Over 60 herds on Oregon farms are now under quarantine for Brucellosis, ac cording to report from the State Department of Agricul ture, a new low since the start of the statewide eradication program in 1955. in eastern Oregon 45 herds were quarantined and in west ern Oregon, 18 herds. Tuberculosis tests this year brought seven herds under quarantine in eastern Oregon and nine in western Oregon. . According to statistics for the month of October over 12,000 cattle have been test ed for brucellosis. Out of this came 40 reactors. Over 5,000 calves were vaccinated for the disease. For tuberculosis over 3000 cattle were tested and 17 reactors found. New Brand Rubs Now in Effect Salem-Effective since No vember 5 are new regulations on location of brands or horses, mules and cattle, ac cording to report from the State Department of Agricul ture. ine new regulations say that brands on cat '.'e can only be used or placed in the fol lowing locations: right hip. right flank, right rib, right shoulder, right neck; left hip, left flank, left rib, left shoul der, left neck. Neck and flank locations are new. Brands on horses and mules must be placed on: the right hip, right stifle, right shoul der, right neck, riaht jaw; left hip, left stifle, left shoulder left neck, left jaw. Neck, jaw and stifle loca tions are new for horses and mules. in 18G3. the work had only reached the letter "F." For the next 30 years, it was almost impossible to find scholars qualified and willing to work on the dictionary. In 1908. the Prussian Acad emy of Science undertook the task. Interrupted by both World Wars, it was finally fin ished last summer by scholars from both West and Com munist East Germany. Cookie Baking Suggestions Given By LEE SHEEHAN Home Economics Agent Save time, money and food by using the right baking equipment for your holiday se,ason preparation. Shiny metal surfaces on baking uten sils insure picture-perfect products as they come from the oven. Shiny surfaces givo even browning results, while dark pans cause too much browning on the bottom. If you don't have a cooky sheet, invert a large bright metal pan and bake the cook ies on the bottom. Don't use the pan right side up, as the high sides shield the heat from the cookies and prevent browning. You can use alumi num foil for cooky baking by cutting it to n"--" about l'j inches of sp each side and the ends laced on the oven rack. This gives even circulation of heat so the cookies bake evenly. In most ovens, results ara better if you bake one pan of cookies at a time on a rack placed in the center po sition in the oven. When two sheets are baked simultan eously, the bottom pan cuts off some of the heat circula tion from the top rack. This can be partially corrected by switching the position of the pans about midway during the baking time. Cheek your oven to make certain it is level. Many floors sag making the oven higher in the back. The temper;., .iro on the high side will be hot ter than on the low side. This is easily corrected by placing thin strips of wood under tho low side. Many new ranges have leveling screws in the base for this adjustment. JoneJ Hill To Attend Meeting in Las Vegas Salem -UIPD- Public Utility Commissioner Jonel C. Hill flies to Las Vegas Wednesday for the convention of the Na tional Association of Railroad and Utility Commissioners. He returns Thursday. There's an easier way to get for ti;3 holidays Call on the Commercial Credit Plan whenever you can usa extra cash. Our personal loan service is fast, friendly and convenient. That's why thou sands of families prefer to uso Commercial Credit Plan . . . why more people every day ara borrowing this pleasant way. Keep this ad as a reminder to phone or visit us soon. COMMERCIAL CREDIT PIAN HowMuch Do You Need? Cash I Monthly Payments tor You r G;r I 24 Mo.' 18 Mo.l 1 2 Mo $'ido :. i$ 9 200 $10.41 $ 1 3.07 18 5- 300 15.62 19 60 27 7 500 26.04 32.67 46 2 750 39.06 49 01 69 4' 1000 52.08 65 35 92.5- A Service Ottered by COMMERCIAL CREDIT PLAN INCORPORATED OF MEDFORD 311 N. BARTLETT ST. Phone SP 3-7404 A
