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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1960)
G '-w " -v. r I ON I OREGON MT. TUNNEL PROJECT MS ROAD ROUTES Showing an aerial photograph on which the present route of the Redwood highway over Oregon mountain is shown as the white line, California Highway department engineers have drawn the proposed new high way as the black line and the proposed Mountain tunnel as the broken line where the new highway crosses the old one in the right center portion of the picture. Plans call for shortening and straightening the route between Grants Pass and Crescent City. Ground-breaking ceremonies for the project have been set for July 8 at a point on the present old highway near Hazel View summit. The en deaver is slated to be completed in 1962. Africa's Largest Territory Will be Independent June 30 Leopoldville, Belgian Con go - (UPD - Africa's largest and potentially richest territory becomes independent June 30 1 against a backdrop of flight and fear among thousands of white residents. The territory is the 905,000 square mile Belgian Congo, one of America's principal suppliers of uranium. Most westerners-e x c e p t for the handful of Europeans who set tled it-know so little about the Congo they are inclined to associate only exotic jungle drums and grade-B adventure movies with the huge land. - But people aware of the gathering force of African na tionalism and of the uranium, diamonds, zinc, tin and cobalt that pack the Congo subsoil are awaiting June 30 with not ungrounded fears. With less than three weeks to go before the 13,000,000 Congolese take over their own government, many of the 115, 000 white settlers are near panic and in fear of native violence. Mass Exodus The mass exodus of inde pendent white settlers -who have booked solid virtually every means of transportation out of the Congo in the next two months-is an indication of their belief that Europeans will have a very limited fu ture in the mineral - rich Congo. The main fear is that rival ries among the 60 odd tribes and growing resentment against whites will erupt into massacres. Violence already has oc curred between rival tribes and between Congolese and European police with terrify ing frequency since the first rumblings o f independence were heard early last year. Last January, after 111 Congolese were killed in a tribal war, Belgian troops were flown into the diamond rich province of Kasai to pre vent a "war of extermination" between the rival Lulua and Labuba tribes. Congolese riots against po lice in Leopoldville, Eliza bethville and Stanleyville in the past year-and-a-half have been as bloody as any of those in South Africa or in Kenya during days of .Iau Iau ter rorism. Occupation Slate Last month during the Con go's first legislative election a "state of military occupation" was declared in Leopoldville because of the threat of open warfare between rival tribes. Crack Belgian troops were flown in to help the 20,000 colonial troops maintain order during the transfer of power to the new state. The troops were instructed to keep an especially keen eye on Congolese city slickers who were trying to hoodwink their less worldly cousins in to "buying" from them white women for use as wives after independence day. It is no wonder that the white man with financial in terests in the Congo is wor ried. The Congo was annexed by Belgium in 1908. It never was a colony in the traditional sense because Belgium did not encourage settlers. At the peak of her "paternal" rule in mid-1958 there were only 120,000 Europeans in the area which is one-third the size of the United States and three times the size of Texas. Among the Europeans were 5,000 independent settlers. Dr.ii'i Want Whites Most of the Belgians have transferred their money to banks in Belgium if, indeed, they are not already packing up in anticipation of post-independence day violence. The new Congolese leaders, headed by Patrice Lumumba of the extremist national Con golese movement, do not want Make TRAVEL INSURANCE a party of every business trip you take! Now you can have $5,000 insurance protection for three days for only... 7? MOON when you travel, whether for business or pleasure, you want peace of mind. Insurance protection against injury by accident and against loss of baggage and personal effects gives you that carefree feeling that will help you get the most out of your trip. Choose the policy that suits you best. Just Phone Don Stathos, insuror THE MALL 1005 East Main Medford lour mum mono um SP 3-6658 r m ir.iur 3 the whites to remain. They have deprived them of the vote unless the Europeans as sume Congolese nationality. But with less than one-quarter of the Congolese popula tion literate enough to vote and few Congolese past the high school level, the natives may find themselves depend ent on European help. White technicians will be needed to operate the vast mining con cerns which provide 60 per cent of the Congo's exports. White lawyers and doctors also will be required. There is not one single qualified doctor among the native population in the entire Congo. Whether the Europeans will fill the technical and profes sional gaps will depend on the young republic avoiding anarchy and bloodshed. The outcome is of vital Inter est to the United States, which signed an agreement with Bel gium in 1955 giving the U. S. and Britain a virtual monopo ly over all the uranium pro duced in the Congo. In January, 1959, after bloody riots in Leopoldville, Belgium announced the crea tion of locally and provincial ly elected councils in prepara tion for eventual Congo inde pendence. A year later at a spirited round table conference in Brussels, Congolese leaders, headed by Lumumba demand ed total independence from Belgium, instead of member ship in a Belgian common wealth or federation of states. Belgium Approves Because there were only a few thousand permanent Eur opean settlers in the Congo, Belgium said yes. It was decided that the re- nnhlir's administration was to be patterned closely upon Bel gium s except that a president (appointed by the two legisla tive chambers) would replace the king. Three million males, all of them either literate or recog nized as tribal or political leaders, went to the polls for the first time last monm to elect a 137-seat chamber of denuties and an 84-man sen ate. At least 14 members of the senate had to be tribal chieftains to ensure the many fpiirline tribes and ethical groups of equal representa tion. Kinn Baudouin of Belgium mill nnnnint the first DrimC minister who, in turn, will se- lont n rnhinet. It will have to be approved by the legisla ture. It is reckoned that the formation of a coalition cabi net is essential to avoid an archy and bloodshed. The election campaign itself was more than Just a lively contest among ZU various par tics. Superimposed upon par ty politicking were the deep Ingrained tribal and provin cail rivalries. This was particularly evi dent May 22, the last day ol the election. It was reported that Joscphy Kasavubu, lead er of the Association of the i nuior fnnirn nartv. demand ed a recount on the grounds that witch doctors employed by the rival African Solidari ty party had loaded the ballot boxes which, he claimed bori the snake symbol of that party. CALVES NEED MOTHER Burlington, Vt. - m - A University of Vermont veter inarian says "the fanner who takes a calf away from its mother right after birth is takingon lne mother's job." Dr. James Wadsworth said, "Most digestive troubles In baby calves can be traced to careless feeding. The sooner a calf learns to eat clean feed the sooner it can be weaned frorn milk." Delinquent Balloon Has Navy Guessing San Diego-fllPD-The delin quent 40-story balloon kept the Navy guessing Saturday after drifting almost 2,000 miles from where it was sup posed to land with its valu able cargo of cosmic ray re search instruments. "It's just sitting out their." said one rather frustrated member of the office of naval research team that chased the balloon across the country. At midaiternoon, the sphere was 450 miles west of here at about 50,000 feet. It had moved very little during the aay. The balloon, half as tall as the Empire State building, was launched Sunday from Glynco Naval Air Station at Brunswick, Ga., to sample cosmic radiation as possible danger to future space travel ers at high altitudes. Portland - (UPD - Film star Jayne Mansfield proved a fa vorite at the Rose Festival pa rade here Saturday when she suddenly dropped out of the sky aboard a re dhelicopter to ride the Hollywood Booster's float. Medford Tribune SECTION B MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, JUNE 13, 1960 PAGES 1 to 8 Generals Who Criticized Ike Called Professionally Jealous by Truman New York - (UPD - Former President Harry S. Truman says that two British generals were suffering from profes sional jealousy in their criti cism of President Eisenhow er's military ability during World War II. He referred to the memoirs of Field Marshal Viscount Montgomery and Field Mar shal Viscount Alanbrooke which were critical of Eisen hower as a general. "To begin with, we have to remember that it was a hard pill for some of the British generals to swallow to have an American general put in complete command of the allied forces," Truman said. "They probably thought there was no military talent in the United States on a level with their own. "They were mistaken, but I have an idea some of them are going to keep talking about it for a long, long time." Truman said in an article in Look magazine that he be lieved such books served a useful purpose. Mistakes Known We all know mistakes were made, and in looking back, it is always easier to recognize the m," he said. Mistakes have been made in every war." The former president said he believed that many books written by generals tended to be "mainly alibis," but the recent ones appeared to be a little more personal and vin dictive. I find that personal rival ries and disappointments im pel the authors to color what happened, and thus often dis tort thp true picture," he add ed. "In some respects. I think the contending generals of the last decade might have kept from publication some of their views of each other until another time. But I do not think there is any real harm in the current battle of the generals." Expressed Opinion Truman said he expressed his own opinion of Eisenhow er as a soldier and a leader when he appointed him chief of staff and recalled him to organize the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. "During the war, he coor dinated the allies, kept them together and made the historic crossing of the English Chan, ncl to invade Nazi - occupied Europe," he said. "I think ha came out of the situation in Europe in very good shape, no matter what others may thinlc or say." But Truman said that he thought Gen. George C. Mar shall was the "brains" of the campaign. "He was the man who real ly made the military organiza tion work, both in the Atlan tic and the Pacific, and this is what brought about vic tory." Truman added. "You have brakes ... and good ones," MOTOR TREND I There's a wonderful feeling of driving confidence that goes with thoroughly reliable brake power. 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