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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (May 12, 1960)
ooo oeoes ggseao 0 0 g30g;3-:3 QQ0C3 0B3B3Onoe3 0 00000 G3 0 e?C3 Ci2CnG0C3 0 O O 0 ' " c O c O rr"t fx"'"! -. )0 O CI i I ! O 6 MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Or. ' I Thimday, May 12, 1960 Martian Life Unlikely Because 0( Poison Gases Washington (Science Serv ice) - Life of any kind on Mara is highly unlikely be eaus the Martian strnos phere contain! poisonous panes, three scientists repor-1 ted to the National Academy of Sciencci meeting here. The poisonous compounds are oxides of nitrogen, one cause of earthly - and also noxious - smog. Drs. C. C. j Kiess, Harriet K. Kiess and C. H. Corliss of the National ' Bureau of Standards here said their new theory about the re actions of nitrogen oxides ' could explain many of the observed Martian phenomena. ' Chalky Deposits The polar caps, the Drs. Kiess had reported to astrono mers, are due to chalky white deposits of nitrogen tetroxide. Their yellowish tint is due to nitrogen dioxide inequilib rium with the solid nitrogen tetroxide. Absorption by nitrogen peroxide explains the low reflecting ability of Mars in green, blue and violet light. The dark bolt bordering the melting polar caps is be lieved liquid nitrogen tetrox ide with other nitrogen com pounds in solution, or could be due to a welting of the Martian surface. The spread of heavy, gaseous nitrogen tetroxide over the dark areas, toward the equator, accounts for the seasonal change of color shown by them. In the Martian atmosphere, nitrogen oxides may exist in both gaseous and solid phase.'!, and, in these forms, arroiinl ( for observed meteorological changes, the scientists said. A tiny crystals, at the tem peratures prevailing at var ious altitudes and latitudes, they could cause the haze and transient blue and white clouds known to occur. Shift In Equilibrium The infrequent blue clear ing is believed due to a shift in equilibruim from nitrogen dioxide tetroxide, owing to a cold wave. During a heat wave, the shift would be to ward higher concentration of nitrogen dioxide, thus accoun ting for the yellow clouds that, at times, are planet wide. If this view of Mars is correct, the planet can be considered as s gigantic photo-chemical nitrogen fix ation plant. The known toxic effects of nitrogen oxides "argue against existence of living organisms" on Mars, they concluded. The spectroscopic obser vations of Mars showing ni trogen oxides in the atmos phere were marie at the Slope Observatory on Mauna Loa. Hawaii, under a financial grant from the National Geo graphic Society. New Sugar May Aid Research in Cancer, Diabeies Cleveland - (Science Serv ice) - A sugar has been dis covered that may add to man's understanding of cancer and diabetes. Known as a heptose, it was isolated from a ral liver ex tract and was described to the American Chemical Society meeting here by three scien tists of Tufts U n i v e r s i t y School of Medicine, Medford. Mass. Clarification of its function in living tissue could be very useful in combating diseases in which sugar melaboliMii is abnormal, it was explained. A lack of vitamin B-l (thia mine) in test rats' diets inter fered with the capacity of rat tissue (brain, heart and lung) to form the sugar. Dr. Ilsicn Ciirh Sic said. When thiamine was added to the tissue in a test tube, heptose formation did not resume, indicating that the vitamin deficiency had inflicted grave damage. In Other Mammals The heptose may also be found in other mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, plants and bac teria. Dr. Vijai N. Nigam .said. He cited this widespread natu ral occurrence of the heptose as a measure of its biological significance. A heptose is a sugar containing seven carbon atoms arranged in a bead like sequence. The heptose was first iso lated by healing ral liver enzymes with a phosphate compound of the common su gar glucose. The project was headed by Dr. William B. 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