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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 7, 1960)
MAIL TRIBUNE, Medford, Or. Sunday, Fab. 7, 1960 ar Timetable Di in Great Decisions Program Cold scussed w Communists' Goal Explicit; Tactics Are Less Clear (Edilor's note: This is the first in the series of topics which Great Decisions ... 1960 groups in Jackson county will discuss and study during the coming -week. The subject material has been prepared by the Foreign Policy association, incorporated. New York.. The subject this week is the Cold War Timetable for 1960.) The goal of communist leadership is explicit a world society operating ac cording to communist prin ciples. A long succession of Soviet and Red Chinese lead ers, including Nikita S. Khru shchev and Mao Tse-tung, have made this goal perfectly clear. What is less, clear Is the timetable and tactics these same communits leaders have in mind. Experts differ on these matters. Some, recogmz ing the tremendous military potential of the communist bloc, and remembering com munist aggression as recent as Korea and the Indian frontier, base their opinions on what the communist bloc is capable of doing to further its aims. Others oase meir opinions on what they think rnmmunist intentions are likely to be. Secretary of State Chris tian Herter has reached the conclusion that a certain "common interest" sets rea listic limits on what either the communist powers or the great democracies dare do, re gardless of what they are theoretically capable of do ing. This common interest, Sec. Herter says, is simply "the basic will to survive, shared by free men and com munists alike." Spells Implications In a speech to the National Foreign Trade Council, in New York last November, Sec. Herter spelled out the implications of this viewpoint. "I think," he said, "the So viet leadership is reaching a conclusion similar to our own that, unless the course of events is changed ana changed soon, both sides face unacceptable risks ol general nuclear war, which would ap proximate mutual suicide. It is therefore clear, Sec. Herter explained, that the cold war must be translated into a different kind of com petition a contest that is no less real than war, but that avoids the danger of war. What is called for is "a com mon language despite the ideological conflict" which di vides us. Certainly "ground rules" are needed, to keep the cold war "within bounds set by the conditions of co survival." This means, in effect, a recognition that some of the acute political problems of the cold war such as the fu ture of West Berlin and di vided German y must be teirmered. even it they can not now be fully solved." And it means a long and patient effort "to construct a new re lationship between tie an tagnostic systems" of commu nism and political democracy Competition Remains Yet, Sec. Herter warns, it would be fatal "to confuse re laxation of tensions with re laxation of ourselves." No matter how much the cold war may be tempered by new ground rules, it will remain a "fateful competition, requir ing "continued and possibly increasing claims on our treasure, our intelligence, and our patience. As the Secretary of State views the present situation, both sides recognize that war is equivalent to mutual sui cide. There is no alternative to peace. Both sides can, therefore, settled down to a peaceful competition that may. be just as urgent and just as decisive as war, but which can hopefully be re solved without destroying all civilization. The other side of this de bate is actually many sides. Some critics of Administra tion policy are perfectly will ing to accept Sec. Herters reasoning as it applies to the Soviet Union. Soviet leaders, they argue, have demonstrated they are reasonable men, even if they are ruthlessly single-minded in working for their goal of a world communist society. Red China, on the other hand, has shown no signs of reason ableness whatsoever. Nor has Moscow demonstrated it can control, subdue or divert the aggressive ambitions of the Pe ping government. May Be Folly According to these experts, it is folly to base U. S. poli cies and defense strategy on an assumption that the I? nmjNo nturniw !- LfNMGSAO 0C10K ESTONIA (ANNEXED) lt LATVIA (ANNEXED) 199 LITHUANIA (ANNEXED) I MO PRUSSIA (TEKSrrOBY ANNEXED) Ifi " POLAND (PARTITIONED) 193 t GERMANY (SATELLITE) 19 CZECHOSLOVAKIA (SATELLITE) 1M HUNGARY (SATELLITE) v jr.OWTH OF COMMUNISM 1917-1960 world's most populous nation, and number two communist power, Red China, will abide by any reasonable ground rules. The more powerful Red China becomes and its pow er is rapidly growing the more likely it will use its power. Once China becomes a nuclear power, this danger may be beyond control. There is another group of experts which takes a still more guarded position. First, they say, it is an axiom of political and mili tary history not to depend on any "enemy" to do the ra tional or expected thing. No Final Disaster Second, many of these ex perts are convinced that war is by no means a final dis aster from which civilization will never recover. Many well-meaning people were convinced in 1914 that Europe could not survive a two, three or four year war. Others felt this way in 1939. Yet the wars came, and took their frightful toll, and the survivers re covered. In spite of the increased horror of thermonuclear, bac teriological and other "mod ern" weapons, war is still an experience that the .world can survive. The destruction would not be absolute not yet. It is just possible, these ob servers argue, that an enemy will still strike. His motives might be rational confident that he can strike a knockout blow. Or he might act out of irrational desperation. But, even with the much adver tised Soviet troop cuts, the communist bloc has the capa bility of waging any kind of war from skirmish to all-out nuclear war. Against this capability, the only sensible U. S. policy is one based on the enemy's capability. Flexible Defenses Finally, there is no reason why the United States and its free world allies cannot af ford stronger and more flex ible defenses. This country alone has more than double the economic capacity of the Soviet Union. Certainly we can afford to do what we must do to guarantee our sur vival. These, roughly, are the two main positions in the current debate on cold war policy. This debate may well become a crucial part of the national political debate in this elec tion year. All sides in the debate tend to agree, however, that a re laxation of cold war tensions anything reasonable to re duce the danger of war is desirable. What are the pros pects for this in 1960? Some progress on political issues has been made in re- Hunter Speaks at Club Meeting Here The Medford 20-30 club last week was host to Herbert Hunter, a medical illustrator for the U. S. Third Army dur ing World War II, who dis played a series of his draw ings depicting treatment of battle casualties and evacua tion of the wounded. 'Hunter said the purpose of his presentation-is to acquaint laymen with the functional anatomy as well as general surgical porcedure. Many of the drawings shown were made during campaigns in France and Germany in which Hunter participated. He has done some work for the county and private phy sicians as a medical ilustrator and cited the increasing im portance of medical illustra tions in the courtroom. The layman, he said, can understand a medical condi tion far better if it is shown in a drawing than he could if it were explained to him by a physician in unfamiliar technical terms. Hunter said he would lik ; to give his presentation before veterans' groups and any oth er interested organizations. I He lives at 409 Lynwood ave., I Medford, and may be con-j tacted at SPring 3-4717. j annexed) imj SOVIET UNION SAKHALIN It IfROM JAPAN) 1945 NO. KOREA (SATELLITE) 1948 " Mm TUVA (ANNEXED) 1944 K OUTER MONGOLIA t 7 (COMMUNIST REVOLUTION),! REVOLUTION 19 :J IMS RUMANIA (TERRITORY ANNEXED) 1940 RUMANIA (SATELLITE) 1947 ) BULGARIA (SATELLITE) 1944 ALBANIA (SATELLITE) 1944 cent months. The nations with interests in the Antarctic, in cluding the Soviet Union, signed a pact last December guaranteeing that this frozen continent will be used for peaceful purposes only. The pact provides for inspection and controls to insure this objective. Progress in Talks There has also been some progress in talks on inspec tion and controls for limited disarmament, and nuclear test ban, although the remaining snags are critical ones and agreement is not yet in sight. There has so far been no signs of progress, however, on the three most vital issues ex pected to be discussed at the summit meeting in Paris next May. These are the future sta tus of West Berlin, the future of divided Germany and the question of general or "com plete" disarmament. It was the Russian-precipitated crisis over West Berlin, in fact, which led to the re cent series of high level, inter national visits and goodwill tours, and ultimately to the summit. There is no evidence that the communist leadership has changed its view that the status of West Berlin must be altered. The Western Al lies, on the other hand, are reluctant to make any more than symbolic changes in West Berlin, unless a work able agreement is reached on steps to reunite the divided German nation. Unfortunate- ty, however, the Allies dis agree among themselves on how far to go in negotiating a ; West Berlin "settlement," and in the "workability" of any German reunification measures. Deep Fear One of the deepest fears of Western observers is that the Soviet Union will simply act unilaterally on both the West Berlin and German questions. With the Allies bickering among themselves, right up to the summit, Moscow may simply write a separate peace treaty with Communist East Germany, and turn over to that satellite government con trol over all roads and access to West Berlin. The effect of this step might be to force the West to deal with the East German government, or it might lead ultimately to the use of force to maintain Western rights in isolated West Berlin. In a pro paganda sense, the West might well be at a serious dis advantage in such a situation. Any "relaxation of ten sions" over West Berlin and Germany, in other words, may have to be on communist terms indefinite division of Germany and a steadily weakening Allied position in West Berlin. The general disarmament question is also a tricky one. Again, the propaganda factor is important in view of the fact the Soviet Union pro posed "total disarmament" at the United Nations during Khrushchev's tour of Ameri ca last fall. World opinion is so deeply involved on this is sue that any Allied foot-dragging could have a serious im pact within the West and on Western prestige in the un committed areas of the world. Extremely Cautious Yet Western experts are ex tremely cautious of "com plete" disarmament on sev eral important counts. First, they point out that an effec tive inspection and control system is absolutely impera tive, although this is the most difficult issue on which to get Soviet agreement. Second, they argue that a "completely disarmed" world is probably a fantasy. Basic small arms are essential to maintain internal peace and order. And other "small" wea pons of enormous power al ready exist and others will soon come into existence which may defy detection and control. The race in arms tech We Give jrf&Z GREEN STAMPS ELLIS MARKET 820 Crater Lake Avenue fSK, COMMUNIST CHINA- ( -m-r NO. VIETNAM 1954 J KLUflE IS. 194S I nology has already gone so far, they say, that the elimi nation of all weapons that might be significant to world peace is practically im possible Most important, these ex perts reason that the arms race, however costly and dangerous, is only a symptom of the deep tensions dividing the world today. If the arms race is slowed down, even if the bulk of armies and wea pons are eliminated, the ten sions will still exist. Thus, according to this view, the ultimate question for U.S. policy is how to maintain strong defenses against any possible commu nist military pressure, while negotiating patiently the whole range of complex is sues which are still at stake. There is, in other words, no single touchstone, no one is sue, that will allow every thing else to fall neatly into place in 1960 or in the for seeable future. (n) MONEY SAVING X inZ ) EVENTS r WATER HEATERS! T r- 8. - r i FIT1 mis - j " TROWBRIDGE & AND THE BIG Y Summary Sheets Are Available The Great Decisions pro gram's ballot summary sheets are available at the county extension office in the Jack son county court hourse, ac cording to Glenn Klein, coun ty coordinator for the pro gram. The sheets will be used after each weekly discussion to tabulate individual opin ions formed through study of the fact sheets. Summary sheets for use during the series can be obtained either at the court house or by tele phoning Klein at SPring 3-6211, extension 211. The new study program series will start the week of Feb. 7. "There is still time to or ganize a group for study and discussion," Klein said. "It is extremely important for every citizen to take advantage of this opportunity to study and review the critical issues in foreign policy facing the American government and people today. With the fact sheet kit, all that is necessary is for any person to get to gether with 6 to 10 of his neighbors or friends and start discussing and comparing opinions." LIVER FUNCTION Baltimore - The human liv er secretes about 25 ounces of bile every 24 hours. Vesicular exanthema, a se rious swine disease which caused 10 countries to place embargoes on U. S. pork, has been eradicated from the United States as the result of a seven-year state-Federal cooperative campaign. Westirighouse 50-Gal. Upright Two-Element Quick Recovery WATER HEATER WASH A LOAD OF CLOTHES EVERY HOUR, ALL DAY LONG . . . AND NEVER, NEVER RUN OUT OF HOT WATER. SIX TIMES FASTER with exclusive high-speed COROX direct heat elements. LOW OPERATING COST . . . costs no more than ordinary heaters. LESS SPACE NEEDED ... requires less than 2 feet square floor space. Regular Price .109.95 WHITE SALE ........ 99.50 With Redcly's Bonus Allowance APPLIANCE CENTER College Worth Millions To Ashland, President Tells Chamber Members Ashland Southern Ore gon college, in addition to its cultural value, is worth $36 million to the city of Ash land, SOC President Dr. El mo Stevenson told an Ash land Chamber of Commerce luncheon last week. "When you consider that out-of-town students bring $1,800,000 per year in new money into Ashland and that this money turns over be tween 20 and 25 times," Dr. Stevenson Said, "then the college is worth somewhere around $36 million to the economy." He added that the college's annual budget is "about $2 million per year whereas it was $62,000 just 13 years ago." "The people of Ashland," Civil Service Lists Several Vacancies Examinations for positions for medical officer, statistical draftsman, employment de velopment officer and dieti tian have been announced by the U. S. civil service com mission. The positions for medical officer, rotating in terne and psychiatric resi dent, are located at St. Eliz abeth's hospital, Washington, D. C. The others are in var ious federal agencies in Wash ington, D. C, and vicinity. Additional information and application forms may be ob tained from the civil service officer at the Medford post office. K N $7(5)50 Terms FLYfJfJ he said, "have borne the bur den of getting this college es tablished, but we now have grown up." ' Enrollment Noted Enrollment at SOC is now over 1,200, but Dr. Stevenson said experts predict enroll ment will be somewhere be tween -3,700 and 7,000 by 1970. Half the Medford High school graduates who go to college choose SOC, he said and added that this year Med ford alone will have 400 grad uates. The college must be pre pared to handle the enroll ment, he said, because if not, entrance requirements will have to be revise to hold it down. Dr. Stevenson urged cham ber members to back a five- point program, asking them to: Vote for Proposition No. 5 this November, which he said would "allow us to en large our dormitory facilities at no cost to the taxpayers since the students who live there would pay for the build ing themselves;" Continue to provide schol arships for needy students; Continue to boost the col lege and its activities; Honor the faculty, and Provide help in broadening the Shakespearean Festival by adding winter activities such as theater facilities. Festival Mainstay The president stressed that SOC is a mainstay of the fes tival and said the activity could be greatly enlarged if New Westinghouse 30 Automatic Electric RANGE Simplest To Use . . . Easiest To Clean! : King size oven with re movable elements, gives perfect results every time. Surface unit control lets you "fine tune" the exact surface heat you prefer. Regular Price 249.95 WHITE SALE PRICE .209.95 $fl(M50 With Reddy Bonus Allowance 214 W. Main U6A"f suRE-WfestinhouSO SP 3-6241 SP 3-3052 Band Members Are Named to All-State Six members of the Med ford High school band will participate in the all - state band concert at the Oregon Education association conven tion in Portland March 16, 17, and 18, I. A. Mirick, director of instrumental music, has an nounced. They are Carla Borough, the people of the community want it. "We now have a six-veek festival," he' said, "and this could be made into both a winter and summer activity if we only had physical fa cilities. If we could find a method of getting a civic the ater building, we could ex pand quickly and eventually could establish a complete school of drama which would add to the prestige of both SOC and Ashland as well as bring new money into the city." In sketching the growth of the college, Dr. Stevenson said the state's action in allowing SOC to grant liberal arts de grees as perhaps the most im portant step. He praised Rod ney Keating and Frank Van Dyke for their work in con nection with this action. PAWT WITH MODEL BMS-30 Terms Jim Collins, Margaret Medlin, Roy Taylor, Treva Toenniges, and Harold Young. Participants in the all-state-band are selected by a com mittee of the Oregon Music Education association. Warren Bellis, director of the Univer sity of Idaho band, will be guest conductor of the band. The all-state band, which plays f.t the general session I of the OEA on the last day of the convention, will have about 180 members. Jupiter Added To Missile Arsenal Cape Canaveral, Fla.-flTD-The United States added Dr. Wernher von Braun's "old re liable" Jupiter rocket to its arsenal of combat ready mis siles Thursday, four months ahead of schedule. The Jupiter, a refined ver sion of the rocket combina tion that launched this na tion's first space satellite two years ago, made its final test shot Thursday night. It now will be sent to Italy and Tur key as a major nuclear weap on. MEDFORD PAINT and Wallpaper Store 6th & Holly Diagonally Acrou from Pott Office PHONE SP 2-9321 We Give PS j S&H GREEN STAMPS Listen to "JAZZ SCENE" K-BOY FM Every Night
