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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 31, 1960)
MAIL TRIBUNE, Mtdfortl, Or. Sunday, Jan. 31, 1960 People Can Express Their Opinion in Great Dec isions Program Series of Eight Topics Preceded By Introduction (Editor's note: This it the first in a scries of articles in which topics in the "Great Decisions . . . 1960" program are discussed. They are prepared by the Foreign Policy association. New York, a non-profit cor poration which sponsors the progzam throughout the country. Today's article is an introductory discussion of the program.) Critics of current U. S: foreign policy have said that the President's world travels, during 1959 and 1960, are a "substitute for foreign, pol icy." Little of diplomatic signif icance can be accomplished, they say, on these fast junk ets. Plans, programs and ac tion are called for in these dif ficult times, not "locomotion." Supporters of Administra tion policy, on the other hand, put a different light on current U.S. maneuvers, in cluding the President's trips to Europe in April and Au gust, 1959, his swing through South Asia, the Middle East and North Africa last Decem ber, his projected trip to South America in February March and his long-awaited visit to the Soviet Union next June. Such travels, they say, add a new dimension to regu lar, working level diplomacy. 'Working Level' Diplomacy They point out, in the first place, that "working level" diplomacy is going on through appropriate channels all the time. U. S. Ambassador James J. Wadsworth represents the U. S. in the drawn-out but all important disarmament talks in Geneva. Under Secretary of State Douglas Dillon is quiet ly working in Western Europe for agreements to bring about closer economic cooperation among the Western allies, and to avoid harmful, trade rival ries. Other U. S. dipiomtaic offi cers, including Secretary of State Christian Herter, have recently achieved such diplo matic victories as a new peace treaty with Japan, a new agreement on military bases and other ticklish issues with the Philippines, and import ant progress on economic de velopment plans for Latin America. This "working level" diplo macy seldom makes the head lines, but it is a vital part of over-all U.S. foreign policy. The headlines, instead, go to such spectacular events as Presidential goodwill mis sions. Technique Unusual This is appropriate, de fenders of the policy say. The technique of - personal Presi dential missions may be un usual, but the problems of the contemporary world are un precedented. The President is not "substituting" trips for regular diplomacy; he has added this new personal di mension to regular diplo macy. Three arguments are usu ally advanced in favor of this personal diplomacy: 1. The summit conference, scheduled to begin May 15, will find the heads of state of the U.S., the Soviet Union and France, and the head of government of Britain, deal ing face to face with issues on which the Allies and the Com munists appear to be hope lessly deadlocked. Furthermore, the Allies are deeply divided among them selves on some of these same issues. If any progress is to be made in bringing about a united Allied policy, or in producing some reasonable agreement with the Soviet Union, it will be the result of personal negotiations among these key men. Help Pave Way The President's travels, therefore, are helping to pave the way to the summit. Pres- THE COMMUNIST WORLD pglll. uu pft gppj cm I p Good Year for BLM Managed Lands in Oregon Is Reported Portland Russell E. Getty, state supervisor for the bu reau of land management in Oregon, has reported that 1959 was another good year for the bureau of land man agement. Getty said 910,131,000 board feet of O and C and Coos Bay Wagon Road tim ber in the O and C districts of western Oregon were offered for sale. Of the offer ed volume, 888,230,000 board feet were sold for $29,296, 444.31. The average was $35. 54 per thousand board feet, compared to calendar year 1958, when 908,238,000 board feet were sold from the O and C forests for $24,091, 232.20, an average of $26.78 per thousand board feet. Sale of public domain tim ber in the eastern Oregon grazing districts and on the fringes of the O and C distr ricts totaled 53,450,000 board feet. Collections were $1,247,888.89. Access Road Program In the timber access road program, projects completed included 27 miles of road graded, 19 miles of surfacing and four bridges built. Under construction contracts there are 81.4 miles of grading, 27.6 miles of surfacing and eight bridges. The total miles of ac cess road that have been com pleted is now 214. In addition to the access road construction projects, the bureau negotiated 38 re ciprocal r i g h t-of-way and road use agreements in west ern Oregon. The agreements add approximately 200 miles of potential access to bureau timber. Reforestation was advanced with 12,029.000 tree seedlings planted on 21,908 acres of de nuded land and the sowing of 7.684 pounds of tree seed on 11,442 acres. Site improve ment preparatory to refores tation on 2,043 acres also was completed, Getty said. Inventories Completed Forest inventories complet ed in 1959 brought about an increase in the annual sus tained yield allowable cut on the O and C lands from 769.3 million board feet to 874.2 million board feet, he noted. This was the result of an intensive inventory pro gram begun four years ago. During this time permanent sample plots, which will pro vide a precise measure of for est conditions, were estab lished on about 1,000,000 acres of the 2,140,000 acres of O and C land. The new allowable cut has been implemented at mid year and it is anticipated the fiscal year (ending June 30, 1960) timber offering will be 874.000.000 board feet of green timber as well as 126, 000,000 feet of salvage and thinning material not charge able to the allowable cut, for a total of 1 billion board feet. Cartographic Section In the bureau's cartogra phic section, the basic work has been done for a large scale planimetric and forest type map. During the year a method of reproducing colored lithographed maps of both the forest and grazing districts was adopted, Getty reported. Over 3,200 square miles of southwestern Oregon was flown for new aerial pho tographs under a BLM con tract with the cost shared by Josephine and Douglas counties. Timber trespasses are be ing constantly investigated and pressed, he said, and dur ing the year $216,684.89 was collected from persons who cut timber in trespass on O and C, public domain, and Coos Bay Wagon Road lands. Trespass collections are usual ly at triple stumpage. There were three criminal convictions for timber tres passes and nine criminal cases are pending. Several civil fire trespass cases are also pending against persons or companies who have been charged with negligence in the start or spread of fires, Getty reported. BOGUS BUBBLY San Benito, Calif. -(CPU- For the child or non-tippler who likes ceremony but can't or won't drink champagne, San Benito Wieneries is offering a sparkling grape drink pack aged in a champagne-like bot tle complete with popping cork and gold wrapping around the neck. idential diplomacy now - es pecially with our Allies-offers a better chance for suc cess at the May meeting. 2. One of the major stakes of the cold war is how the rest of the world (particularly the uncommitted world) lines up in the struggle between communism and democracy. Democracy's best salesman is Dwight D. Eisenhower, uni versal hero of World War II and holder of the most power ful office in the free world. The personal prestige of the President, therefore, is a vital weapon in .our arsenal. This is clearly proved by the over whelming greeting he has re ceived wherever he has gone. 3. In this era of instantane ous, world-wide, mass com munication and propaganda, it is vitally important that the aims and objectives of U. S. foreign policy be understood everywhere in the world, in cluding behind the iron cur tain. Again, the President's simply stated theme of "peace with freedom and justice" has created a profound impact wherever he has voiced it on his foreign travels. Arguments Upside Down Critics of Administration diplomacy turn these three arguments upside down: 1. The summit conference, some say, may in itself be a mistake. It is certainly a mis take for the U. S. Britain and France to go to the summit without prior agreement on their objectives. Since there is little hope of full agreement among the Al lies on how and what to nego tiate with the Soviet Union, and even less hope of reaching a satisfactory Allied-Soviet settlement on such issues as West Berlin or German reuni fication, the summit meeting can be little more than a propaganda exercise. Meantime the hopes of the world's peoples are being raised, only to be dashed by a meaningless summit agree ment or, just as bad, by no agreement at all. Stuck With Conference Nonetheless, others say, we are stuck with the' summit conference and must go through with it. The test of U. S. diplomacy, therefore, will not be the cheers the President gets on his travels but whether a unified Allied policy is hammered together between now and May. The President apparently accomplished no such thing in his talks with Pr esident Charles de Gaulle of France last fall, nor are the pros pects bright when de Gaulle visits Washington in April. 2. No doubt the President is a superb "salesman," and no doubt he had a great im pact on the people of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and other countries on his itiner ary. . It should be remembered, however, that Red China, with its military- action in Ti bet and its aggressions on the Indian border, contributed to the President's warm recep tion in South Asia. There is nothing to point to by way of bold U. S. policies, either be fore or after the President's Asian trip. There is goodwill, but where are policies that will make a significant contribu tion to Indian economic de velopment, or to discouraging further Red Chinese aggres sion? Eloquent Statement 3. The President's state ment of U. S. objectives, in terms of "peace with freedom and justice," was eloquent. He no doubt persuaded many millions of people of the sin cerity of America's peaceful intentions. But objectives and policies are two different things. America's objectives, how ever eloquently stated, are of little value if they are not backed up by economic, polit ical and military policies that produce results. In short, critics of current U. S. foreign policy generally agree that there is nothing wrong with personal Presiden tial diplomacy as long as "working level" diplomacy is dealing effectively with fundamental problems. The new Japanese peace treaty, the Philippine agree ments, economic development programs for Latin America, and other such "working lev el" achievements are, of course, important. But diplo macy is not dealing effective ly with major cold war is sues, or with political and military disagreements among the Western Allies, or with Red Chinese expansionism in Asia, or with the enormous problem of economic develop ment in backward areas. Counter .With Question So run the criticisms. And Administration suppo r t e r s counter with the question, How would you do it better without bankrupting the coun try or creating deeper divi sions among the Allies or be tween ourselves and the com munist bloc? In this debate, the only widespread agreement is that the issues are too important to be left to the expert-?. The American people - through "Great Decisions" and other means-must have a voice in planning their own survival. "Great Decisions . . . I960" is one way the American peo ple can begin to tackle these problems. In eight discussion topics to follow, the people will have an opportunity to study the facts and weigh the pros and cons on these funda mental questions. MONEY SAVING EVENTS . . . . . . of once on ELECraOC IMAGES & WATER IKI EATEK! Westinghouse 50-Gal. Upright Two-Element Quick Recovery WATER IH1EATEK :.::.::. 1 V ' 11 f i i i LlLbf WASH A LOAD OF CLOTHES EVERY HOUR, ALL DAY LONG . . . AND NEVER, NEVER RUN OUT OF HOT WATER. 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