MAIL TRIBUNE, Mtdfortl, Or.
Sunday, Jan. 31, 1960
People Can Express Their Opinion
in
Great
Dec
isions Program
Series of Eight
Topics Preceded
By Introduction
(Editor's note: This it the
first in a scries of articles
in which topics in the
"Great Decisions . . . 1960"
program are discussed.
They are prepared by the
Foreign Policy association.
New York, a non-profit cor
poration which sponsors the
progzam throughout the
country. Today's article is
an introductory discussion
of the program.)
Critics of current U. S:
foreign policy have said that
the President's world travels,
during 1959 and 1960, are a
"substitute for foreign, pol
icy." Little of diplomatic signif
icance can be accomplished,
they say, on these fast junk
ets. Plans, programs and ac
tion are called for in these dif
ficult times, not "locomotion."
Supporters of Administra
tion policy, on the other
hand, put a different light on
current U.S. maneuvers, in
cluding the President's trips
to Europe in April and Au
gust, 1959, his swing through
South Asia, the Middle East
and North Africa last Decem
ber, his projected trip to
South America in February
March and his long-awaited
visit to the Soviet Union next
June. Such travels, they say,
add a new dimension to regu
lar, working level diplomacy.
'Working Level' Diplomacy
They point out, in the first
place, that "working level"
diplomacy is going on through
appropriate channels all the
time. U. S. Ambassador James
J. Wadsworth represents the
U. S. in the drawn-out but all
important disarmament talks
in Geneva. Under Secretary of
State Douglas Dillon is quiet
ly working in Western Europe
for agreements to bring about
closer economic cooperation
among the Western allies, and
to avoid harmful, trade rival
ries. Other U. S. dipiomtaic offi
cers, including Secretary of
State Christian Herter, have
recently achieved such diplo
matic victories as a new peace
treaty with Japan, a new
agreement on military bases
and other ticklish issues with
the Philippines, and import
ant progress on economic de
velopment plans for Latin
America.
This "working level" diplo
macy seldom makes the head
lines, but it is a vital part of
over-all U.S. foreign policy.
The headlines, instead, go to
such spectacular events as
Presidential goodwill mis
sions. Technique Unusual
This is appropriate, de
fenders of the policy say. The
technique of - personal Presi
dential missions may be un
usual, but the problems of the
contemporary world are un
precedented. The President is
not "substituting" trips for
regular diplomacy; he has
added this new personal di
mension to regular diplo
macy. Three arguments are usu
ally advanced in favor of this
personal diplomacy:
1. The summit conference,
scheduled to begin May 15,
will find the heads of state of
the U.S., the Soviet Union
and France, and the head of
government of Britain, deal
ing face to face with issues on
which the Allies and the Com
munists appear to be hope
lessly deadlocked.
Furthermore, the Allies are
deeply divided among them
selves on some of these same
issues. If any progress is to
be made in bringing about a
united Allied policy, or in
producing some reasonable
agreement with the Soviet
Union, it will be the result
of personal negotiations
among these key men.
Help Pave Way
The President's travels,
therefore, are helping to pave
the way to the summit. Pres-
THE COMMUNIST WORLD
pglll. uu pft gppj
cm I p
Good Year for BLM Managed
Lands in Oregon Is Reported
Portland Russell E. Getty,
state supervisor for the bu
reau of land management in
Oregon, has reported that
1959 was another good year
for the bureau of land man
agement. Getty said 910,131,000
board feet of O and C and
Coos Bay Wagon Road tim
ber in the O and C districts
of western Oregon were
offered for sale. Of the offer
ed volume, 888,230,000 board
feet were sold for $29,296,
444.31. The average was $35.
54 per thousand board feet,
compared to calendar year
1958, when 908,238,000 board
feet were sold from the O
and C forests for $24,091,
232.20, an average of $26.78
per thousand board feet.
Sale of public domain tim
ber in the eastern Oregon
grazing districts and on the
fringes of the O and C distr
ricts totaled 53,450,000 board
feet. Collections were
$1,247,888.89.
Access Road Program
In the timber access road
program, projects completed
included 27 miles of road
graded, 19 miles of surfacing
and four bridges built. Under
construction contracts there
are 81.4 miles of grading, 27.6
miles of surfacing and eight
bridges. The total miles of ac
cess road that have been com
pleted is now 214.
In addition to the access
road construction projects,
the bureau negotiated 38 re
ciprocal r i g h t-of-way and
road use agreements in west
ern Oregon. The agreements
add approximately 200 miles
of potential access to bureau
timber.
Reforestation was advanced
with 12,029.000 tree seedlings
planted on 21,908 acres of de
nuded land and the sowing
of 7.684 pounds of tree seed
on 11,442 acres. Site improve
ment preparatory to refores
tation on 2,043 acres also was
completed, Getty said.
Inventories Completed
Forest inventories complet
ed in 1959 brought about an
increase in the annual sus
tained yield allowable cut on
the O and C lands from
769.3 million board feet to
874.2 million board feet, he
noted. This was the result of
an intensive inventory pro
gram begun four years ago.
During this time permanent
sample plots, which will pro
vide a precise measure of for
est conditions, were estab
lished on about 1,000,000
acres of the 2,140,000 acres
of O and C land.
The new allowable cut has
been implemented at mid
year and it is anticipated the
fiscal year (ending June 30,
1960) timber offering will be
874.000.000 board feet of
green timber as well as 126,
000,000 feet of salvage and
thinning material not charge
able to the allowable cut, for
a total of 1 billion board feet.
Cartographic Section
In the bureau's cartogra
phic section, the basic work
has been done for a large
scale planimetric and forest
type map. During the year a
method of reproducing
colored lithographed maps of
both the forest and grazing
districts was adopted, Getty
reported. Over 3,200 square
miles of southwestern Oregon
was flown for new aerial pho
tographs under a BLM con
tract with the cost shared by
Josephine and Douglas
counties.
Timber trespasses are be
ing constantly investigated
and pressed, he said, and dur
ing the year $216,684.89 was
collected from persons who
cut timber in trespass on O
and C, public domain, and
Coos Bay Wagon Road lands.
Trespass collections are usual
ly at triple stumpage.
There were three criminal
convictions for timber tres
passes and nine criminal
cases are pending. Several
civil fire trespass cases are
also pending against persons
or companies who have been
charged with negligence in
the start or spread of fires,
Getty reported.
BOGUS BUBBLY
San Benito, Calif. -(CPU- For
the child or non-tippler who
likes ceremony but can't or
won't drink champagne, San
Benito Wieneries is offering a
sparkling grape drink pack
aged in a champagne-like bot
tle complete with popping
cork and gold wrapping
around the neck.
idential diplomacy now - es
pecially with our Allies-offers
a better chance for suc
cess at the May meeting.
2. One of the major stakes
of the cold war is how the
rest of the world (particularly
the uncommitted world) lines
up in the struggle between
communism and democracy.
Democracy's best salesman
is Dwight D. Eisenhower, uni
versal hero of World War II
and holder of the most power
ful office in the free world.
The personal prestige of the
President, therefore, is a vital
weapon in .our arsenal. This
is clearly proved by the over
whelming greeting he has re
ceived wherever he has gone.
3. In this era of instantane
ous, world-wide, mass com
munication and propaganda,
it is vitally important that the
aims and objectives of U. S.
foreign policy be understood
everywhere in the world, in
cluding behind the iron cur
tain. Again, the President's
simply stated theme of "peace
with freedom and justice" has
created a profound impact
wherever he has voiced it on
his foreign travels.
Arguments Upside Down
Critics of Administration
diplomacy turn these three
arguments upside down:
1. The summit conference,
some say, may in itself be a
mistake. It is certainly a mis
take for the U. S. Britain and
France to go to the summit
without prior agreement on
their objectives.
Since there is little hope of
full agreement among the Al
lies on how and what to nego
tiate with the Soviet Union,
and even less hope of reaching
a satisfactory Allied-Soviet
settlement on such issues as
West Berlin or German reuni
fication, the summit meeting
can be little more than a
propaganda exercise.
Meantime the hopes of the
world's peoples are being
raised, only to be dashed by
a meaningless summit agree
ment or, just as bad, by no
agreement at all.
Stuck With Conference
Nonetheless, others say, we
are stuck with the' summit
conference and must go
through with it. The test of
U. S. diplomacy, therefore,
will not be the cheers the
President gets on his travels
but whether a unified Allied
policy is hammered together
between now and May.
The President apparently
accomplished no such thing in
his talks with Pr esident
Charles de Gaulle of France
last fall, nor are the pros
pects bright when de Gaulle
visits Washington in April.
2. No doubt the President
is a superb "salesman," and
no doubt he had a great im
pact on the people of India,
Pakistan, Afghanistan and
other countries on his itiner
ary. .
It should be remembered,
however, that Red China,
with its military- action in Ti
bet and its aggressions on the
Indian border, contributed to
the President's warm recep
tion in South Asia. There is
nothing to point to by way of
bold U. S. policies, either be
fore or after the President's
Asian trip.
There is goodwill, but
where are policies that will
make a significant contribu
tion to Indian economic de
velopment, or to discouraging
further Red Chinese aggres
sion? Eloquent Statement
3. The President's state
ment of U. S. objectives, in
terms of "peace with freedom
and justice," was eloquent.
He no doubt persuaded many
millions of people of the sin
cerity of America's peaceful
intentions.
But objectives and policies
are two different things.
America's objectives, how
ever eloquently stated, are of
little value if they are not
backed up by economic, polit
ical and military policies that
produce results.
In short, critics of current
U. S. foreign policy generally
agree that there is nothing
wrong with personal Presiden
tial diplomacy as long as
"working level" diplomacy
is dealing effectively with
fundamental problems.
The new Japanese peace
treaty, the Philippine agree
ments, economic development
programs for Latin America,
and other such "working lev
el" achievements are, of
course, important. But diplo
macy is not dealing effective
ly with major cold war is
sues, or with political and
military disagreements among
the Western Allies, or with
Red Chinese expansionism in
Asia, or with the enormous
problem of economic develop
ment in backward areas.
Counter .With Question
So run the criticisms. And
Administration suppo r t e r s
counter with the question,
How would you do it better
without bankrupting the coun
try or creating deeper divi
sions among the Allies or be
tween ourselves and the com
munist bloc?
In this debate, the only
widespread agreement is that
the issues are too important
to be left to the expert-?. The
American people - through
"Great Decisions" and other
means-must have a voice in
planning their own survival.
"Great Decisions . . . I960"
is one way the American peo
ple can begin to tackle these
problems. In eight discussion
topics to follow, the people
will have an opportunity to
study the facts and weigh the
pros and cons on these funda
mental questions.
MONEY SAVING
EVENTS . . .
. . . of once on
ELECraOC IMAGES &
WATER IKI EATEK!
Westinghouse 50-Gal. Upright
Two-Element Quick Recovery
WATER IH1EATEK
:.::.::.
1 V '
11
f i
i i
LlLbf
WASH A LOAD OF CLOTHES
EVERY HOUR, ALL DAY LONG
. . . AND NEVER, NEVER RUN
OUT OF HOT WATER.
SIX TIMES FASTER with exclusive
high-speed COROX direct heat
elements.
LOW OPERATING COST . . . costs
no more than ordinary heaters.
LESS SPACE NEEDED . . . requires
less than 2 feet square floor space.
Regular Price .109.95
WHITE SALE 99.50
With Reddy's S
Bonus Allowance
Terms
I
A
V
New Westinghouse 30
Electric Range
Simplest to Use . . .
Easiest to Clean!
King size oven wth re
movable elements, gives
perfect results every time.
Surface unit control lets
you "fine tune" the exact
surface heat you prefer.
Completely automatic.
Regular Price 249.95
WHITE SALE
PRICE 209.95
Terms
With Reddy Bonus Allowance
Double Oven Convenience - at Single Oven Price
Bake and Broil at the same time.
For small meals use the thrift oven alone.
Automatic timer for master oven.
Tilt-Out surface units with unlimited heating
selections.
Full-width Storage Drawer.
Plug-Out Spread-Even heaters assure
perfect baking results every time.
Regular Price ... 36995
White Sale.. . ..328"
With Reddy's 0
BONUS $20.00 u
Allowance
EASY TERMS
YOU CAN BI
MODES
!
Model
BMD-40
E. & FLYfJfJ
TROHBRIDG
$K BIG V JOTLlflfJE
214 West Main St.
SP 3-6241
CENTER
SP 3-3052
Listen to
"JAZZ SCENE"
K-BOY FM
Every Night