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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 18, 1960)
J Medford Section A Russians mm Most Sobering Effect on West Editor's note: Soviet scientific , achievements have come as a shock to most in the Free World. How was . it possible for a nation so long derided as technologically backward to beat the U.S. into the Space Age? In the following dispatch, a ' UPI Moscow correspondent an ' swers that question as he surveys Russian space accomplishments ( during the past year. , By ROBERT J. KORENGOLD Moscow-IUPD-The time was more than 25 years ago. The speaker was Joseph Stalin. , "We are 50 to 100 years be- hind the advanced countries," said the man who was to rule I the Soviet Union from shortly after the death of Lenin until his own death in 1953. "We must make good the distance. We must ourselves become , experts. W e must turn to sci ence." And turn to science the So ' viets did, with results that have never been more ap parent and for the West more sobering-than in 1959. Soviet scientists had their finest hours in 1959 since they astonished the world with the first Sputnik on Oct. 4, 1957, 2nd followed that by quickly boosting "Laika," the first fcanine space traveler, into crbit in Sputnik II. brought Recognition . R u s s i a s two successful moon shots one a direct hit, the other a successful picture-taking expedition to the previously unseen back side otj the moon - brought the SANITONE DRY CLEANING i GAINBRg ' jgZ"Es PEEl NEW AGA iJiiIGlNAl DRAPE RESTORED Your most precious clothes are in safe hands when v f you send them to us for Sanitone Soft-Set Dry j Cleaning. In. fact its been proved scientifically that clothes dry cleaned regularly, last longer. Our expert press protects the original smart lines that disting f uish fine clothes. Call us today for Sanitone Service. Try Our Custom Laundered Shirts Fit Better Look Better Feel Better ' lSffi n n 111 601 E. Main ; Help the MARCH OF DIMES! During January A AC Money will be Nckties Cleaned 1 U dU, (at your favoriU Clanr) , MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, JANUARY 18, 1960 Fofllow SfaflSn's AdvSce USSR worldwide recognition as the pacemaker in the race to outer space. Whether the Soviets can hold their lead is a matter to be determined in the years - perhaps the decades - to come. But there is no doubt that the successes of the USSR space program have wrought a profound change in the nation's entire scientific outlook. During 1959 in particular, and gradually now for several years, Soviet science has op ened its doors to the West on a hitherto unprecedented scale. Russian scientists - more eager than ever before to talk and exchange data -popped up, and often stole the limelight, at conferences all over the world in 1959. Still Trails West Record numbers of West ern scientists toured the So viet Union, visited USSR sci entific establishments and re turned home with usually similar conclusions: that So viet science still trails the West, particularly the United States, as far as broad-scale application of new techniques is concernced; but in areas where the Kremlin has decid ed to make an all-out effort particularly physics and ther monuclear and space research mm Free Parking Right at the Door H. D. CHRISTENSEN St. Ph. SP 2-9169 CU1KU -Russia is often equal to or ahead of the capitalist world. Largely responsible for this is the nation's emphasis on scientific training. In addi tion to the chance for rapid advancement, top pay and privileges, a scientific degree provides Soviet youth with somewhat the same social prominence enjoyed in the U.S., for instance, by distin guished doctors and lawyers. Allowing for varying defi nitions of an "engineer," some 106,000 engineers were grad uated in the USSR in 1959 and the nation plans to turn out 119,000 more in 1960. Kremlin leaders like to boast that this is more than three times the number of engi neers graduated annually in the U.S. Overseen by Academy In addition, there is a So viet scientific establishment of mammoth proportions with more than 3,200 scientific in stitutes employing more than 300,000 scientific workers full-time. Overseeing this vast com plex is the august USSR Academy of Sciences headed by Alexander Nesmeyanov, a scientist who also knows how to keep his political skirts clean. Just after the first Sputnik was launched, Nesmeyanov outlined once again the sci entist's role in the Soviet Union. 'Science must fulfill its sole task of making Soviet engineering, economy, indus try, agriculture, public health and welfare in the USSR sur pass me leveis acnieved in the most developed capitalist countries," he said. This is the grinding rule at all levels. Main Body in Rear To make their probing ad vances into such fields as space research, the Soviets have often left the main body of tneir scientific effort in the rear. Everything is de voted to what the Kremlin and the Academy :, consider important. "I was impressed with their equipment. When they want ed to do something they had the finest available. But often it was housed in quarters that would seem makeshift and ill-tended by Western stan dards." Thus did one highly quali fied Western scientist sum up his impressions here after a comprehensive tour of Soviet scientific facilities recently. What the Soviet leaders want are results. Never mind the frills, and hang the cost. But when results aren't forthcoming, there can be trouble. ' The official Communist Party newspaper P r a v d a scored the entire Soviet sci ence program last March for lack of coordination, waste ful efforts by some scientists, delays and red tape that were hampering the speedy trans formation of scientific discov eries into tangible results. The newspaper sharply criticized "unproductive" sci entists who "spend large amounts of state funds and do not produce any valuable scientific results for years on end." Certainly Soviet science has more vigor than it did in the Stalinist days when it seemed in some respects to be subordinate to the party line. But it cannot go too far in its new-found freedom. As long ago as 1956, the magazine "Party Life," ideo logical organ of the Commu nist Party, warned: "The free dom of discussion of scientific problems does not mean at all the freedom to preach bourgeois ideology." Within- its ideological boundaries Soviet science ranged far and wide in 1959 with many accomplishments as notable in their way as the three Luniks. (Lunik I, fired Jan. 2, went past the moon and into orbit around the sun. In autumn came the even more spectacular Luniks II and III.) In the nuclear field, there was the September launching of the atom icebreaker "Len in." In the fall it was an nounced that the world's lar gest radio telescope was un CLOGSTON'S Metal Weather Stripping and Screens Estimates Gladly ' Phone SP 3-1014 Evenings Tribune Pages 1-6 der construction in Lenin grad. In medicine, the USSR announced it had completed large-scale anti-polio yaccin ations with a live virus serum and with reportedly good re sults. A couple of new drugs, reportedly useful in treating some kinds of cancer, also have been announced. But it is the Soviet space achievements that have dom inated the news. Each new success has given impetus to the question: when will the Soviet Union put a man into space? Academician Leonid Sedov, one of the top spokesmen for the Soviet space program, told western reporters right after the successful moon strike last September that a manned moon shot was "not a matter of the next few months." Strong Indications But a sudden rash of care fully uninformative articles in the Soviet press about the previously undiscussed Soviet astronaut program has given strong indications that the Soviets are pushing ahead at full speed. Responsible Soviet offi cials, however, have contin ually echoed the words of Prof. Boris Kukarkin, vice president of the International Astronomical Union, who de clared: "No man will fly in space rockets until his life, health and safe return to earth are guaranteed. This is the rea son for the intensive program of experiments with animals being conducted by Soviet bi ologists and doctors." The Soviets in 1959 fired a 'AV At l VALUE MONTH 7 j I r? Shop Wards for terrific January Values! SPECIAL! Tall, colorful glass decorator vases (D 13 Stunning, handcrafted vases m - rich, translucent gold, peacock blue and amethyst the colors are " accented by high-fire polish. Wonderful gifts. . 36' high vase, softly fluted edgt.... 6.44 REDUCED 22 boys' beovf weight cotton sweet jackets Yoor favorite rod 4 to II4A 1 2 wiB like the sporty 3-coior yoke. J&-c Recce Kneel. They'll Do It Every Time v.. By Timmy Hatlo VE YOU DECIDED W' AQE . VOL I X WO'S JUST GOT YWE WON'T SEE MUCH OF 2Iffi5o,CNTTO 60,NGAOU7 X HOME FROM COLLEGE,! HIM SINCE HE'S 60T A J BE YET?AQE THE J FOR AHV AN THEV'RE 6IVIN6 1 GIRL-HE EVEN TAKES A MEALS ALL f?IGHT? f SPORTS? HOW V HIM B THIRD Y BATH WHEN HE'S NOT L DO OU GET ENOUGH H ARE YOU DOING DEGREE LIKE THEY ) V DIRTY E SLEEP? feJ im tup POTf? I WON T SEE HIM t2& X- jJSrim h& akw?mW rap jsbrbhb rl VE YOU OACOA11 Mf NOPE.' YUP ) THOUGHT OF fTrrC IN THE SECRET BETTER WDPW 1U YEAH.' UH- y STUDYING LAW J : ' : SERVICE-HE ABOUT BEING A kW UH A 015 MEDICINE, : Li NEVER TELLS SOPMOREL-V - L Trying to find out . H A FEW FACTS ABOUT ilW JMpi " vU w JUNIORS COLLEGE 'CAREER . VW Lff f OTV, rf JSS rabbit and ' several dogs-including one named "Otvazh naya" (Daring) who made four such- trips-to high alti tudes in rockets and then re covered them in good condi tion. Said Cheapening Perhaps the year's most surprising development was the tradtionally close- mouthed Soviet press' almost tabloid interest in Russian scientific i achievements. Ev eryone from obscure labora tory technicians to distin- g u i s h e d academicians was suddenly giving out inter views to the point where three top Academicians com plained in Pravda that such sensational and often irre sponsible - treatment was cheapening the name of Sovi et science. Despite such problems, there was little doubt as 1960 began that Soviet science was well on the way to carry ing out its assignment-help ing the USSR . overhaul its capitalist competitors. 30" HIGH 20" HIGH 24" HIGH 1 66 EACH SPECIAL ! Boys' usual L59 jeans with double knees T 47 U7 5 SP 3-7301 Civil Air Patrol Pilot In Flying Fireman Role Washington -flJPD- A Civil Air Patrol pilot has ushered in the age of the volunteer flying fireman. Col. Don Speirs was passing low over the Maryland coun tryside in his single-engine light plane when he spotted flames spouting from the attic of a farmhouse near Pooles ville. Speirs was returning at the time from a mercy trip to Martinsburg, W. Va., where he delivered an emergency shipment of blood. The 41-year-old Speirs ra dioed the information about the fire to the Federal Avia tion Agency's Washington communication station, which, in turn, alerted local authori ties. Meanwhile, Speirs circled low, caught the attention of a farmer plowing his field, and directed him to the fire. . "That . farmer . broke his TRU-COLD ill SENSATION At BBYI SIZES 4 TO K Sale! Rugged 10 oz. cotton denim reinforced with fvsed double knees for extra ong wear. Forti fied at aN straw Ljpjj points, rtorry in. stock up now! . plowing pattern, Speirs said later,, "headed his tractor for the barn, got his car . . . and rushed to the burning place." Speirs also helped the Bealsville and Hyattstown, Md., volunteer fire depart ments over rural roads to the fire by flying over the correct roads. Then he landed in an open field, aided the firemen in running their hose to a pond about a quarter of a mile from the house, and pitched in to help move furniture. The house was "saved, but damages were placed at $5, 000. There were no injuries. Speirs is operations officer for the Middle East region of the CAP. A father of four children, he lives in Annan dale, Va. "We carried out two more flights, uneventfully, before we called it a day," he said. Save now on the biggest buys 15 freezer - HOLDS 525 lbs. Fast-freeze section alone holds V7Yi lbs. Flex-Seal Kd reduces frost formation Cold control adjusts to 20 below zero We planned early for this sale and bought a firmted qoontity at this low Iprice. Come in ond see how a freezer con be yoor greatest bwdget-stretcher-wben it's a Tro-Cold! """" " " f"-r "" ' - r i WHITE SALE SPECIAL! Jumbo Cannon bath towels Yow'd expect to pay 1 .59. Solids or stripes; some fancy woven borders. , Cotton ferry. 99c OPEN TONIGHT TIL 9 Alien Response Pleases Officials Portland - Immigration of ficials are well pleased with the rsponse of aliens in Ore gon to address report require ments. James L. Turner, district director of the immigration and naturalization service, stated that although the pro gram had been underwav only 14 days, the number re-' porting thus far is well ahead of the number reporting dur ing the same period last year. Aliens have until the end of January within which to submit their report of address to the government. Forms for purpose may be obtained - at any post office or any office of the immigration and natu ralization service. All aliens, with few excep tions, are required to report. Those excused from the re quirement include diplomats, NOMINATES AMBASSADOR Wasington -(UPD- President Eisenhower Thursday nomi nated G. Frederick Reinhardt of San Francisco, a career foreign service officer, to be U. S. ambassador to the United Arab Republic. Fossil plants found in An tarctica show that the frozen continent supported tropic vegetation 200 million years ago. Nation's No. 1 Camping Trailer has DEALERSHIP OPEN in the Medford Area! 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