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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 17, 1957)
Russian Babies Given Special Institute, Mrs. Early Training at Roosevelt Learns By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT New York In Leningrad I visited a school of medicine which emphasizes pediatrics. There, it was explained to me, a general medical course is given, although students who come to this institute from 10-year school are more interested in pediat rics than in any other phase of medicine. Therefore, the empha sis is put on children's diseases. The institute has 2.200 stu dents, 40 professors and 250 teachers, and there is a clinic with 170 doctors and a hospital with a thousand beds and 500 nurses. The director of the in stitute also is director of the clinic and the chief doctor. Leningrad has eight more clinics three for surgery", three for therapy, one for dis eases of the nervous system and one polyclinic for preventive medicine. Would Be Adopted In an interesting experiment in the institute. 32 children without homes were taken from the lying-in hospital at birth. The institute was attempting to find out if it could rear these children in such a way as to have them as advanced and as normal as they would have been in a home with parents. When the children were three years old, they would be adopted. Treatment of these children seemed to me to be based on the theories of Ivan Pavlov, famous Russian physiologist. A baby six months old already seemed to understand what was expected of him when given his exercises, which began at the age of two months. And at the age of 18 months the children went through their exercises without any direction and did them well. Just what this conditionings of the children may mean in the future I am not quite sure, for it looked to me as though it might not encourage initiative and independence of thought. But it may well be that the lead ers in the Kremlin are trying to develop a people trained in the kind of discipline their govern ment prefers. Institutes Everywhere Institutes for research of all kinds are everywhere in the Soviet Union, for this is a gov ernment that understands the value of research. I think I have given you an idea of the extensiveness of health work in the Soviet Union. What particularly impressed me was the preventive medical work done with mothers and babies and the large number of doctors being trained. This year alone 26.000 doctors will be graduated in the Soviet Union while we in the United States, I believe, will graduate 6,500. The Soviets now try to train doctors in the areas in which they live so they will not have to be sent out of their home areas for their three years of work for the state. Visited Factories While in Russia I visited two factories one a candy factory run by a woman, the other a textile plant run by a man. The textile mill, I thought, had fairly good health condi tions, though there was a cer tain amount of lint floating about in some rooms. A large mill, it was spread over a broad area. It had a nursery, kinder garten, facilities for educational work and physical exercise as well as an extensive medical setup, including a hospital. The thing that impresses any visitor to one of these factories is the effort made to raise pro duction. I was told that as yet the Russian factory worker does not produce as rapidly as those in the U.S., but Nikita S. Khrushchev told me that in 15 years they certainly will have caught up with us. Three Factors I tried to find out if this dif ference in productivity was a matter of initiative, of not hav ing as good machinery arid tools, or of not being accustomed to using these tools. I thing all three factors may have a bearing ?on this problem. In entering a factory, and often in its rooms. I saw pictures of individual workers bearing their names in honor of their achievements in meeting produc tion quotas or making sugges tions for faster output. Divisions in the same factory compete with each other for increased production. The factory man ager who makes a good showing also receives recognition. The candy factory I visited was making excellent candy and packaging it attractively. The manager there seemed to know most of her workers personally and had won recognition for her factory's production. Many Soviet women are rath er stout. They have the build of peasants stocky and strong, although they don't seem to be flabby but rather quite firm and hard. Most women, though, would not meet American standards for slimness any more! than they would follow Ameri can taste in dress. The extremely capable wom an who ran the candy factory looked as though she could not always resist eating the prod- j ucts, even though she told me i she was careful of her diet. Everywhere in the factories there were signs which read, ''Be grateful," which, I suppose, are to remind the workers of the "blessings'" of socialism. On the whole, I think the fac tory conditions, as far as I saw them, were rather good. Cer tainly the cleanliness, light and air in the candy factory made it a healthy place in which to work. And I was told that the factories are inspected twice a year to make sure the conditions are good and the workers are healthy. It seems that if a system is really giving the people what they want, it should not find it necessary to impress them with the value of what they are re ceiving. However, it might be well for all of us to have this reminder before us more often, although the things for which we are grateful in the U.S. differ from those for which the Soviet Union urges its people to be grateful. (Copyright. 1957, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.) Medford 4 X Tribune Second Section MEDFORD, OREGON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1957 Pages 1-8 Long-Time Hornbrook Resident Dies Sunday Hornbrook Grant McHenry, 89, died Sunday morning at his home on old Highway 99. ' Mr. McHenry was found dead about 9 a.m. at his home, where he lived alone, by Hornbrook Constable Everett Elmore after he was notified by a neighbor that McHenry had not been seen that morning as was his custom. Siskiyou County sheriff-coroner A. B. Cottar estimated the time of death to have been approxim ately 2 a.m., and from natural causes. Mr. McHenry was born May 5, 1868, in Illinois. Upon the death of his parents, he and a sister came to Oregon to be raised by relatives. He homesteaded on a ranch north of Hornbrook, where he also did blacksmithing. He had lived in the Hornbrook area for more than 50 years. His wife, Ida B. McHenry, preceded him in death in 1939. A daughter, Mrs. Mayme Rob erts, died in 1925. and his twin sons, James Carl and Joseph Earl, died in 1942 and 1943, respectively. ' Survivors include another daughter, Miss Pearl McHenry, who had been visiting her fath er the past two weeks, and had returned to her home in San Gabriel, Calif., just two days prior to his death; a grandson, Thomas McHenry, of Yreka. six great grandchildren, and several nieces and nephews. Graveside- f u n e r a 1 services were held Wednesday at 10:30 a.m. with the Rev. Charles J. Anderson of Mt. Zion Lutheran Church of Yreka officiating. Burial was in the family plot si the Henley-Hornbrook cemetery. HIGHEST SEAMAN'S PAY San Francisco M Able bodied seamen who' belong to the Pacific Division of the Seafarers International union receive the world's highest seamen's pay S478 a month. The seamen won a S25 a month raise in a new con tract with the Pacific Maritime association shop owners. Seamen get SI 25 a month pension when retired. Expansion of Research on Pollution Starts at OSC Corvallis Fxnansion of ioint i research at Oregon State college on stream pollution and its ef fect on fish life has resulted in naming of the combined college U. S. public health . service re search organization as the "Pa cific Cooperative Water Pollu tion and Fisheries Research La boratories." OSC has become a center for biological research on stream pollution since the transfer to the campus of the fish toxicol ogy and physiology studies unit of the U. S. public health service from Cincinnati, Ohio, in No vember, 1953. Since then, the research pro gram of the public health serv ice and that of the OSC fish and game management department have been combined and greatly expanded to meet the growing need for information on water pollution and its effect on aquat ic life. Research Grants Several research grants have been received by OSC from the National Institutes of Health and the National Council for Stream Improvement to support the work. Supervising the cooperative research are R. E. Dimick and Charles Warren, of the OSC fish and game department, and Peter Doudoroff and Max Katz of the public health service. - Artificial streams are used in side the laboratory at OSC to study various pollution problems and effects of wastes on fish and fish-food organisms. Wastes can be introduced into these artificial streams at any level desired and for varied lengths of time in or der to determine what concen trations are harmful. Attention is being given to the influence of changes in water quality on fish growth, development and ac tivity. A marine research laboratory is maintained at Yaquina Bay to study effects of pollution on fish and shellfish in estuaries. Climax, Colo., near Leadville, produces 72 per cent of the world's molybdenum. Experiments May Lower Feeding Costs Chicago OP) Experiments are underway which may lower the cost of feeding heifers, ac cording to the American Veteri nary Medical Association. The association said the ex periments indicate that the highest and least expensive milk production may be obtained from heifers raised on a "sub normal" feeding program. The experiments are being conducted simultaneously at the Institute for Livestock Improve ment in Wiad, Sweden, and at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y." "The experiments are in pre liminary stages but results may lead to less expensive feed re quirements to produce milk and meat and calves when compared to current standards on more ex pensive feeds," the association said. It said the tiny organisms in the cow's rumen which converts feed into productive energy re act to diet changes. When cattle are on a high roughage diet cer tain organisms are plentiful, the association said. On a high grain ration, it said, a separate group of organisms multiply. Night School Set Up For Baby Sitters Worcester, Mass. IP The Worcester County Safety Coun cil organized a night school for prospective baby-sitters. Six evening classes were set up to teach child care and han dling, safety, emergency proce dures, first aid, ethics and em ployers' obligations. The council announced that it would supply the names and telephone numbers of available trained baby-sitters but said it could not assume responsibility for them. The council said its new en terprise was intended not only to train baby-sitters, but to give their task deserved prestige, j Superstitions about the peri odical cicada (called the locust) are untrue, entomologists say. The cicada's sting will not kill a person nor does the "W" shaped marking on the wings mean war. They do not harm blackberries, either. Oklahoma Students Taught Glass Blowing Norman, Okla. OP Physics 233 students at the University cf Oklahoma also get glass-blowing training from instructor Al Weatherby. His main job is teaching phys ics and chemistry majors how to make some of the special equip ment they will be using later in their own laboratories. His students often come in af ter hours to practice and de velop the skill that can be ac quired only through work. "Depending on the individual, it takes from two to five years to become a good glass-blower," Watherby said. He pointed out that glass blowing is a craft, or an arf, that is at least as old as the pyramids, and there's a conservatism that goes along with that kind of age. He said glass blowing has tended to become a family business, with the father jealously guarding his REPITITION Hollywood nj" A local sym phony conductor admits he's hav ing trouble with his "Satellite Symphony." He says it keeps coming out, "beep . . . beep . . . beep." methods so he can transmit the art to his son. 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