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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 24, 1957)
o 0 Neutralism Is Topic of Discussion For This Week's Decisions Program ine xerm neutralism, mean ing the refusal of many nations to take sides in the cold war, has been used at times in the United States as an unfriendly term. TTie implication is, "if you're not for us, you're against us." Recently, however, some po litical scientists have suggested that, for some countries and un der certain circumstances, "neu trahsm" might be a desirable policy from the American point of view. Last October, four days after the Hungarian revolution start ed (and after a bloodless revolu tion had installed an "independ ent Communist government in Poland) Secretary of State John Foster Dulles indicated that the u.5. might welcome a Commu nist brand of. "neutralism" among the satellites of Eastern fcurope "We do not look upon theso nations as potential military al lies," Dulles explained. "We nave no desire to surround the Soviet Union with a band of hos tile states. Economic Aid However, from the White rouse at he same time came oners of economic aid to the Cofianuni governments of both Poland nd Hungary. The offer to Hungary wag dropped Jan. 8 when it became clear that the iiunganan revolution had failed ana trrat the Janos Kadar gov ernment was Moscow-controlled But the U.S. is still working on 'Ki5iauon 10 provide aid to .Poland At the height of the Polish and Hungarian crises, political commentators differed widely onwnat the U.S. should do. Some favored a show of force. eitner by U.S. troops or throueh the UN. although most agreed mis could lead only to war with Russia. Utners suggested a cautious (jpo.icy, including moral pressure through the UN, offers of eco nomic aid to any genuinely inde pendent satellite government, plus reassurances to Russia that it would have nothing to lose in granting more independence to the satellites. This seems to have been the policy adopted by the administration. Gradual Evolution "Gradual evolution" of the satellites toward "greater inde pendence" from Russia is "the best we can hope for," in the words of ex-ambassador to Rus sia George F. Kennan. The current U.S. attitude seems to be favorable toward deing wifcji a Communist gov ernment in eastern Europe as long as that government shows some measure of independence from Moscow. U.S. aid to Poland, four months after it was offered by thj PrWicfent. is still bogged down by legal technicalities. A 1954 law prevents selling of farm surpluses for foreign cur rency to Russia and satellite countries and Poland has no U.S. dollars to pay for the prod ucts. President Eisenhower re vealed late in January that "pre paratory steps are under way" to (Jllow Poland to buy U.S. farm commodities and machin ery "on credit." New legislation )y be required to legalize such Question Baited In the case of Hungary, some observers now are raising the" question o whether U.S. inter irw generous earnings wmui we oaa : regularly steps up the rate of growth - and there's no substitute for the safety pS and convenience that S& you save here. 3Vi i Current Dividend FIRST FEDERAL Savings & Loan Association of Medford 29 North Ivy Street R. F. Kyle, President ests would be served better by continuing to boycott the Kadar regime, or by offering economic aid which might wean the Hun garian government away from so much dependence on Russia. The crisis in Hungary is severe; food production is down to 60 per cent of pre-revolutionary levels, and coal production has dropped from 78,000 tons to 45.000 tons daily. Henry Ford II raised this same question Jan. 28: "Thus far we have tended to apply economic sanctions in the form of drastic trade limitations and laws which largely prohibit us from offering (the Communist states) help . . . but it appears that our policies have tended to play right into the Kremlin's hands to the extent that they make the satellites more depend ent upon Moscow ... I think we need to be more realistic . . . Shouldn't we give them . . . some alternative to their present ties with the Kremlin?" The decision that must be made takes into account two problems: If the U.S. can reduce satellite economic dependence on Moscow, will this lead to more political independence? Or if the U.S. aids a Moscow puppet like the Kadar regime in Hun gary, will this only strengthen the puppet and Russian control? Attention Focused At this moment in history, Washington's attention is fo cused on the Middle East, trying to .work out a method of keep ing that area free from Commu nist subversion or conquest. But American projects such as the "Eisenhower doctrine," students of the area warn, are apt to run head-on into the "neu tralism of key countries in that area countries which like many dthers across Asia and Africa proclaim their determina tion to avoid entanglements with either big power bloc in the cold war. Russia's counter -proposal of recent weeks to cooperate with the West in development of the Middle East, slop arms ship ments and junk Western mili tary bases-is designed to appeal to this "neutralist frame of mind. Folicy Enforcement Enforcement of the Eisen- enhower doctrine" policy to guarantee the independence of the Arab states and Egypt de pends on the cooperation of any Middle Eastern nation threat ened by Communist aggression. But Egypt and Syria, the two countries which have benefited most from Russian military and financial aid, show no signs of "cooperating" with any U.S. pol icy to block Communist expan sion. President Gamal Abdel Nasser Jan. 17 stated that Egypt is "neither pro-East nor pro West." But Egypt's cotton econ omy has been "mortgaged" for 30. years in trade agreements with the Communist bloc, and Egypt is believed to have re ceived over $400,000,000 worth of Communist arms and military equipment. Syria has likewise received Russian aid, and Rus sian political influence in the Syrian government is reckoned extremely strong. In assessing the "neutralism" of Egypt and Syria, therefore, many policymakers believe that these countries really seem to be "neutral against the United States." f-t it are yours when Per Annum President Eisenhower's inau gural address January 21 may supply a clue to administration tactics in dealing with these types of "neutralist" Middle East nations a policy of friend ship but no threat of U.S. dom ination. Cherish Friendship "We cherish our friendship with all the nations that are or would be free," the President declared. "We respect, no less, their independence . . . We no more seek to buy their sover eignty than we would sell our own. Sovereignty is never bar tered among free men." Some see in this and other re cent statements an indication that the United States has no illusions that it can find mili tary allies against Communism in the Arab Middle East. There fore, some commentators be lieve, the Eisenhower adminis tration may now be willing to live with "neutralism" in the Middle East as long as this "neu tralism" doesn't lean exclusively on Russian aid and influence. During the current struggle between the world's two powers, the democratic United States and the Communist USSR, most Americans have come to look on neutralism and therefore neu tralist nations with great sus picion, if not with actual dis trust. Takes Issue In an article in the Foreign Policy association's periodical, Headline Series, Dr. Paul Ar thur Schilpp, professor of phi losophy at Northwestern univer sity, takes issue with this atti tude. "For the American people," Dr. Schilpp states, "such an at titude represents a complete break with our own historic past ... It was George Washing ton himself who warned against any and all entangling alliances a warning which, as a nation, we heeded right into the 20th century. "The fact is that until Pearl Harbor in 1941, the American Oregon Views Given On How U.S. Should Compete With Russia Corvallis United Nations pressure on Russia and "pri vate" expansion of U.S. industry to meet Russian economic com petition abroad were favored as foreign policy alternatives by Oregonians balloting in the cur rent Great Decisions program for 1957. Oregon State college this week tabulated opinion ballots on the issue, "How Should U.S. Com pete with Russia," as viewed by discussion groups throughout Oregon. First of Eight This was the first of eight key foreign policy issues that will be tackled by informal groups participating in Great Decisions, sponsored this year by the OSC extension service in cooperation with other educational agencies and organizations. Opinion bal lots for each issue will be tabu lated at OSC and sent to the U.S. state department and con gress. Ballots on the first issue of "Competition with Russia" indi cated strong reliance on United Nations to check Soviet expan sion. While Oregon Great Decisions voters shied away from arbi trary government planning of U.S. industrial growth, the ma jority favored some form of vol u n t a r y industry - government planning to compete with Rus sian industrial expansion. Clot Planning Oregon voters gave high pri ority to close planning with Western European allies to avoid damaging competition among free-world partners in develop ing economic strength to com pete with the Soviet. The vote for this plan was 38.4 per cent in Jackson county. Groups discussing the first is sue also favored U.S. industry cooperation with educators in establishing more and better technical education. They oppos ed setting up new schools at fed eral expense to train teachers and students in engineering and the sciences. The vote for this in Jackson county as 51.6 per cent. Suggested policy for dealing with communist satellites favor ed working with United Nations in focusing world attention on what the Soviets are doing. In Jackson county, 35.4 per cent of the voters agreed with this stand. But opinion was stronger among Jackson county groups than elsewhere in Oregon to at tempt liberation of satellites with .UN troops bolstered by American troops. Broadcasting of "freedom" programs into sat ellite countries also rated high among alternatives of foreign policy. Help to Non-Communists Help to non-communist coun tries, especially underdeveloped ones, in building profitable busi people favored neutrality. Yet, within the span of less than a quarter of a century we have apparently completely reversed ourselves. Today we applaud our allies, we fear our enemies, and we berate and despise only the neutralists." Dangerous Altitude Dr. Schilpp feels this attitude is dangerous in that it enables the Soviet leaders to play on neutralists' feeling by pointing out the United States as leader of a "war bloc of military alli ances." Therefore he pleads for an understanding of the neutral ist position as the neutralists themselves, see it. Dr. Schilpp said that for some countries, at least for the time being, neutralism is inevitable. U.S. reaction to neutralist na tions should be one of under standing and assistance, he de clared. In order to make this econom ic assistance effective and keep it from bearing the stigma of "having strings attached," Dr. Schilpp suggests that it be done on a long-range basis through seme international agency. Standard of Living "If we really want to raise the standard of living in the under developed countries, we must show that we are more concern ed with getting this job done than with getting credit for our aid," he asserts. "Enlightened sociologists long ago taught us that effective aid to underprivileged individuals cannot be rendered by individ ual handouts from the back porch without damage to the needy person's self-respect, but must be handled on a community-wide basis through the regu lar channels of social service agencies," the professor states. Rendering of U.S. aid through United Nations channels and ac tive espousal of democratic ideals in deed as well as word are recommended by the pro fessor as the best methods for dealing with the neutralist nations. ness " with the West received strong support among Oregon voters. In Jackson county, 32.1 per cent supported this. Approaches included opening of U.S. markets, discouraging trade with Russia, and strong aid programs to build up underde veloped countries. Ballots now being tabulated at OSC for the second of the eight issues deal with the prob lem of "What U.S. Policy for Europe." Persons still wishing to join informal discussion groups for the current series may get details from their local county extension agent. Christmas Tree Group To Discuss Affiliation Cave Junction Affiliation with Northwest and National Christmas Tree associations will be discussed at a meeting of the Southern Oregon Christmas Tree association Feb. 25 at the Grange hall in Bridgeview. Clark Betts of Portland, pres ident of the Northwest Christ mas Tree association, will be the guest speaker. IHAV1 WWW mi ftIHMfJH P''',m'"ft5"t liiil giilfcMtfi V Electrical Advertising Display by Electrical Products Corp. 1228 Court St. Medford Great Decisions Program Successful Salem Gov. Robert D. Holmes said recently the Great Decisions program in Oregon, now in its third year, has been successful through the coopera tion of state agencies and vol untary county and community committee on a local level. Agencies organizing the pro gram were the Oregon State Col lege Extension service, general extension division, State Depart ment of Education, the State Li brary and the World Affairs council working with represent atives of the foreign policy as sociation. The governor said the pro gram involves seven TV sta tions, 34 radio stations and more than 40 newspapers carrying weekly information in Oregon on eight foreign policy issues. There are more than 300 in formal discussion groups in which from four to 5,000 peo ple are involved discussing is sues and deciding what United States foreign policy should be in each case, he added. Great Decisions was started in Portland in 1955 and now has participation in 24 Oregon counties. Holmes described GD as a progressive program which may provide a pattern for other states to follow. Industry Promotion Meeting Scheduled Brookings A public meet ing to promote more industry in Brookings has been called here Tuesday to consider possible steps needed to bring new rev enue into the community. The meeting will be held in the Brookings High school auditor ium. Brookings city officials have indicated the current slowdown in the lumber industry here has pointed out the need for new industry into the community. The area needs new and diversi fied industry, city officials have stated. The general meeting was call ed by Gordon Olsen, president of the Brookings Businessmen's as sociation. Olson said a possible alternate for Brookings might be a non profit industry promotion ven ture similar to one that has se cured large industries for Mc Minnville. Local Students Visit College in Portland Portland Eleven students from Medford High school visit ed classes and participated in student activities at Lewis and Clark college Friday. The group, accompanied by Mrs. George C. Flanagan, Med ford youth worker and member of the college board of trustees, was housed in campus dormi tories during the two-day visit. In addition to visiting classes, the visitors attended the Whitman-Lewis and Clark basketball game and later an informal dance sponsored by the Pep club. Students returned to Medford late Saturday. Those making the trip were Denise Bruning, Marilyn Bush nell, Kaye Christian, Carol Dyke, Joyce Gregory, Caroline Hedrick, Jonna Lou Henson, Lois Kelly, Kay McCormick, Ann Stimson and Bruce West. WEATHER By United Press Northern California: Rain likely Sunday; heavy snow and strong winds in mountains. Little change in temperature. i'SKLh DU ' rfrtirrr " i t INI pi il l ILI.m,:: fa. Sunday, February 24, 1957 Celestial Animal Parade Visible First of Month By FAY BENTLEY Would you like to visit a me nagerie that contains two bears, a lion, two dogs, a swan, an eagle, a most unusual horse, a sea goat, a whale, some, fishes, a ram, a beautiful white bull, a dragon, a hare, a crow, two asses', some snakes, three baby goats, and even a scorpion? This animal collection has fascinated thousands of people since the beginning of time and has the advantage of being readily accessible to all. -. Given a clear night, the two bears and the dragon are always within sight, but the other crea tures are being constantly changed. Most of them are on display for only six months at a time. Celestial Animals The last week of February and the first week of March will afford an opportunity to see this parade of celestial animals with out interference by moonlight, as old Luna will be passing through the last quarter and new moon phases. If you can. find a position away from arti ficial lights which commands a view of the entire sky your ef forts will be richly rewarded. ' By 8 p.m. the Great Bear, well known by the asterism called the Big Dipper, will be high' in the northeast, standing on its handle with the cup reaching upward. To the left of the Big Dipper and slightly lower in the sky is the Little Bear or Little Dipper as we commonly call it. Winding between the Bears is the. long tail of Draco the Dragon, whose ' ody is outlined by a row of rather dim stars which start at a point just to the left of the "Pointers", in the Big Dipper, curve downward and then double back to the boxlike head of four stars just above the hori zon and almost directly beneath the cup of the Little Dipper. Orion's Two Dogs In the south, Orion's two dogs continue their nightly chase aft er the rabbit, or Lepus the Hare. Sparkling, scintillating Sirius, brightest of all stars in the heavens will engage your at tention at once. This is the Dog Star, head of Canis Major or the Big Dog. After finding Sirius the body of this animal can be eas ily traced as it is shaped much like a dachshund. Much higher in the sky and to the left or east of Sirius is the Little Dog or Canis Major con sisting of the bright star, Pro cyon, with a dim star about an arm's length above and to the right of Procyon. Lepus the Hare, or the Rab bit, shaped much like a bow of ribbon or a butterfly is located just to the right of Sirius in Ca nis Major. This places Lepus di rectly beneath the feet of Orion, brightest constellation in the en tire heavens, whose identifica tion point is the three stars of equal magnitude, equally spaced in a short slanting line, which forms the belt of The Hunter. Western Horizon Low on the western horizon, from north to south we find Pe gasus the Flying Horse, Pisces the Fishes and Cetus the Whale slipping lower and lower each evening. The Great Square, identifica tion point for Pegasus, rests on one corner as it disappears. Only three of the four stars in this rectangle are visible by 8 p.m. The large V in the Fishes rests on its side with the point of the V reaching southward. Cetus the Whale is just south of this V and is sinking, tail first, down the western sky. A small obtuse triangle of three stars almost due west, just above the V in The Fishes rep RELVlNATORj VICTOR MONT , '31 I resents the body of Aries the Ram. Starting from the top these stars" become progressively faint er. Do not confuse Aries with Triangulum which is a small acute triangle of three stars of almost equal magnitude, higher m the heavens than the Ram and farther to the right or north than the first-mentioned tri angle. Shoulder of Taurus High in the southwest the shoulder of Taurus the Bull is represented by the open star cluster in the form of a tiny dip per called the Pleiades. To the left or south of the Pleiades and somewhat higher in the sky a second star cluster, the Hyades, with the reddish, first magnitude star, Aldebaran, twinkling gaily as the right eye of the creature, outlines the face of The Bull. During th-; weeks of autumn, the Pleiades were much higher in the heavens than the Hyades, but as the westward journey pro gresses, the Pleiades precede the Hyades down the "hills of hea ven" to the western horizon. Actress Rhonda Fleming Slightly Hurt in Crash Hollwood U.R) Actress Rhonda - Fleming, 30, rested at home today after suffering mi nor injuries when her car col lided with another vehicle. The actress was treated for' bruises and minor cuts Thurs day at Santa Monica Emergency Hospital and then released to go' home. The driver of the other car, John M. Rowsey, also was treated for minor injuries. 15 DAY FREE HOME TRIAL! YOURS Sl195 for only.. tTV o New Westinghouse Roaster Oven ...The Modern Way to Coot Roosts! Bakes! Cooke everything automaticaUyl . , Roasts huge hams... or a 14-lb. tur Cooks Complete nJd vjr ke to ' tion. No wonder it a America 8 wao&t U I I popular roaster! 5 -piece ovenware lYlcQIS I dish get included, at no extra cost. ! Mn . . coot otocfrfcoflyf For your old iron when you buy a new WESTINGHOUSE STEAM-N-DRY IRON C7" J NOW ONLY Fifteen steam vents give more steam over a wider path! Open handle design reduces hand fatignel -e Uses ordinary tap water! Or trade-in on Weetinghoaae Open Handle Dry Iran Now only $10.95 with your eld iron yoo can bi SUEEiMTfeWfestinghouse' TROWBRIDGE & FLYIIII ELECTRIC COMPANY 214 West Main MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNE FIVE PARTICIPATE IN PROGRAM Eugene Two Medford itu- dents Suzanne Reichstein, daugh ter of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Reich stein, 7 Glen Oak Court, and Michael R. DeVbre, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ronald DeVore, 806 East Jackson street, are partici pating in a program designed to attract top high school students to the University of Oregon by means of "informal contact" with prospective students. AHI MODESTY Perpignan, France (U.R) Police were lookuig Saturday for the pranksters who added a touch of modesty to the statue of Venus in the town square. The jokers fitted Venus with a pink brassiere during the night. MONEY At Crater Finance you may borrow for any worthwhile purpose on your FURNITURE - AUTO SALARY and repay in monthly Install ments. You may choose the terms most suitable to you up to 24 months. Loans may be paid in ad vance or in full at any time. Crater Finance CORPORATION 135 Pine St. Central Point Phone NO 4-1273 Frank Wilkinson, Mgr. Convenient Parking Plus FREE Betty Furness Cook Book Leu $3 for your old iron you pay oniy ?u.ya Phone 2-5211
