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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (June 17, 1955)
East Germans, in Revolt Aaainst Reds Two Yea rs Ago, May Get Guns Friday, Juno 17. 1955 Benin u.H) Two years ago today East Germany erupt ed in a revolt that rocked the Soviet satellite empire. Yet today the Soviet zone re gime is preparing to transform its 120,000-man para - military police force into a full - fledged national army, and is talking of putting guns into the hands of East German workers. Does this mean the Russians are confident they have crushed the spirit of the June, 1953, up rising? Western observers are not so sure. They believe embers of the revolt still burn beneath the surface but are kept from break ing out by police repression and by the presence of 350,000 Sov iet occupation troops. The June 17 revolt was the first mass uprising of workers against Communism ever re corded. It stands in many ways as one of the most amazing events of the cold war. It was entirely unexpected by East and West alike, and perhaps marked a turning point in postwar his tory. The revolt began in East Ber lin early in the morning of June 16 when workers on the Stalin allee housing project dropped their tools and marched on Com munist government buildings in protest against the raising of work norms. Thousands of East Berliners joined the protest march, and then its character began to change. Instead of shouting only against the work norms the demonstrators began to clamor for a general strike, free elec tions, resignation of the Com munist government, freedom of speech, abolition of the milita rised "people's police" and re lease of all political prisoners. Stunned Communist authori ties watched the revolt gather impetus. They frantically prom ised the rebels speedy relief mea sures but by then it was too late. Next day the revolt spread throughout East Berlin and East Germany. Government buildings were sacked, police barracks burned, Communist banners des troyed. Two motorized divisions of Soviet troops were moved into East Berlin shortly before noon and martial law was declared. But to the world's amazement the East Germans fought back. They fought Soviet tanks with stones and their bare hands. They defied machine guns. West Berliners gathered along the sec tor border to watch the incred ible sight. Soviet T34 tanks gradually forced the workers back until Soviet troops commanded every corner. Patrols sealed off the city borders, and by nightfall the revolt in the city had been broken. ' In the east zone of Germany, however, the revolt went on, in spired by radio reports of the uprising in Berlin. Again, Sov iet troops had to use tanks and machine guns to quell the defiant workers. No one knows exactly how many were killed in street fight ing, shot by Soviet firing squads or sent to concentration camps. Eight are known to have been killed in East Berlin alone, and West German government offi cials estimate 42 were sentenced to death immediately after the uprising. Thousands were ar rested. Now, only two years later, the ! Communists are talking of put- i ting guns in the hands of this j same restless populace. ' They have concluded a seven nation military alliance in War saw and announced the immi nent creation of an East German army. They have warned east zone youths to prepare for two or three years of military serv ice and are forming "fighting groups" among factory workers for "armed defense" of East Germany. But Western observers wonder just how far the Soviets dare to go. Perhaps significant was the first appearance of the workers' "fighting groups" at the May Day rally in East Berlin this year. None of the fighters car ried any weapons. 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