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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (June 5, 1955)
MZDrORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBTTX1 Today and Tomorrow at tinkler's June Scale By Walter Lippmann Sunday, June 8, 195S THE TWO SCHOOL SYSTEMS . Negro and The School.' A basic assumption of the Su preme Court's order is that in the 21 states and the District of Columbia, where segre gation is re quired or per mitted, there is now a grow ing public opin ion against ra cial discrimi nation in the public schools. This does not Walter Lippmann mean that there is not a strong opposition In the South to mixing white and colored children in the schools. But there is also in the South a rising tide of opinion which rec ognizes that a dual school system is incompatible with American principles and that the real ques tion is not whether but when and how this dual system is to be abolished. Were it not for this Southern opinion, the Supreme Court de cision would have been little more than a pious platitude. For the Court could not, the Federal 1 government would not, coerce the Southern states. The whole action of the Court rests on the belief, for which there is ample justification in fact, that the will to solve this problem is already present in the South. Where there is a will, a way will be found, and we may add that as the way is found, there will be a stronger will. rpHE lower courts, sitting in the - South and composed of judges living in Southern communities, will have to decide "whether the action of school authorities con stitutes good faith implementa tion of the governing constitu tional principles" against racial discrimination. We shall do well to make the efforts now to fore see what "good faith" is likely to mean. In doing this we must not be hypnotized by the defiant voices from the states in the deep South where the problem is most diffi cult. We must try to under stand the position of those Southern leaders who, while willing to comply, are beset by the practi cal difficulties. The Supreme Court has told the lower courts to consider problems arising out of the phys ical condition of the school plant, , xne scnooi transportation system, personnel, and the like. The un derlying fact of the matter is that under segregation there are two school systems, and the school system for the colored children is in varying degrees but almost everywhere sub stantially inferior to the white school system. If, therefore, there is to be only one system, the schooling for the colored chil dren will have to be raised to the standard of the white children. This will cost money. If, as is in fact so necessary, the standard of the whole system is to be raised, a lot more money will be re ( quired. We may, therefore, expect to see school authorities going to the courts and saying: We are .willing to comply. But we are not willing to lower the standard of the schooling of the white . children. We are willing only to . raise the standard for the col ored children. Where shall we find the' money for the additional plants, the additional facilities, the additional teachers?" FOR those who wish to look into the practical problems of compliance, I would recommend reading Chapter Eleven of the report by Harry S. Ashmore. This is published as a book by the University of North Caro lina Press under the title "The The Southern states, even though they have been opposed to the integrated schools, have been making progress toward equalizing the two separate school systems. The progress since 1940 has been impressive. But the gap between the colored and the white schools is still large. It istmuch smaller in the cities than in the rural areas. It is smaller in terms of current ex penditures than in terms of cap ital expenditure for school build ings and equipment. The decision of the Supreme Court requires that as rapidly as possible colored children shall be educated in the same schools and shall have, therefore, the same kind of education as the white children. Segregation mans not only that they are in separate schools but that in fact they are, in poorer schools. Integration, which is now to be the order of the day, means lifting the educa tion of colored to the standard of the white children. HPHIS cannot be crone quickly, and for this reason alone the Supreme Court was fully justi fied in refusing to set a deadline for compliance with the decision. Moreover, the lower courts, to whom the implementation of the decision has been remanded, will not, at least in many cases, be able to solve the practical prob lems. They will very probably, so one may hope, elucidate the practical problems which state legislatures and the Congress will then have to deal with. We are facing the task of rais ing the level of schooling for col ored children to the level of that of the white children, and of raising the level of both to what is needed if we are to educate the nation properly. We shall not escape the necessity of very sub stantial Federal aid in carrying out this task. The overall prob lem of American education is, I am sorry and reluctant to say, in soluble without large contribu tions which can only be raised by Federal taxation. This would be the case even if the Court had not ruled against the segregated schools. But in ruling as it has, the need for Fed eral aid will become more obvi ous and ever more insistent. (Copyright. 1955, New York Herald Tribune Inc.) Slate Grange Opens Convention at KF . Klamath Falls (U.R) The I 82nd annual convention of the Oregon State Grange will open at a picnic and barbecue at Col lier State Park here today. Klamath and Lake county granges will be host organiza tions for the conclave that will last through June 10. An estimated 1000 delegates, including Byron Frederick, mas ter of the Ohio State Grange, will attend. Frederick will rep resent National Grange Master Herschel D. Newsom. As a preliminary to the con vention, the Grange juvenile de gree was exemplified Saturday at Klamath Union high school. No Acton Expected on Shipyard Differential Portland (U.R) Congress will probably not act during the current session on a bill to re move a six per cent differential West Coast shipyards enjoy ov er East Coast competitors. The prediction was made by Mayor Fred L. Peterson, who said Sen. Wayne Morse and Rep. Harris Ellsworth had noti fied him there was little likeli hood for congressional action on the bill.- LIVING IN MALIBTJ, CAL, Rita Hayworth, film star, and Dick Haymes, her Argentine-born crooner husband receive happy news Washington, D. C. federal judge has ruled Haymes is not .deportable for making flying trip to Honolulu to visit Rita before their marriage. Government may appeal decision. (International) Medford One of Six Key Ponts in Civil Defense Warning Net he pointed out, adding that they depend on the executive heads of the counties and cities involv ed and the civil defense directors they appoint. Medford is one of six key point air raid warning centers in Oregon for the civil defense system, according to Arthur M. Sheets, state civil defense dir ector. He said a 24-hour alerting sys tem has been in effect for sev eral years on a stand-by basis. This is how it works: The Air Force is responsible for air defense, including the at tack warning system including radar stations and ground obser ver posts. Warnings of attack are sent to the air defense divisions, and they are responsible for re laying the warning to civilian defense organizations. Calls Relayed After an alert is received, the civil air force warning system places simultaneous telephone calls to the six key-point cities in Oregon. In addition to Med ford, these are Portland, Salem, Eugene, The Dalles, and Pendle ton. The telephone system is test ed daily. From the key-point cit ies, the calls are relayed to sub-key-point warning areas in each county, and down to community level. This relay system is test ed each month. The entire operation is hand led by telephone, and is com pleted in a few minutes. A "yel low" warning means attack is probable; a "red" warning means attack is imminent. Precautions Taken Precautions have been taken agains,t false alerts, Sheets ex plained. He pointed out that dur ing the temporary and erron eous alert last May 5 which caus ed confusion .throughout much of the Pacific coast, Oregon did not receive a warning because the lature. told the committee he report was correctly evaluated at could think of no engineer or j Chairman Named By Interim Group For Highway Study BY WILLIAM WARREN United Press Correspondent Salem U.R) State Sen. War ren McMinimee, Tillamook Re publican, was elected chairman of the Legislative Interim Com mittee on Highway Study at its first and organizational meeting here Friday. Rep. Robert L. Elstrom, Salem Republican, . was chosen vice chairman and Rep." William Bra deen of Burns, secretary. Under senate joint resolution 25 this interim group is charged with the responsibility of mak ing studies and recommendations on several highway problems. Study Park Department Perhaps foremost on the list is one concerning the desirabil ity of creating a separate State Park Department. An effort to remove the supervision and ad ministration of state parks from the Highway Commission failed in the 1955 legislative session. The committee also will study methods, standards and results obtained in construction and mantenance of state highways. Sen. Charles W. Bingner of La Grande, who served on the Highway Interim Committee that reported to the 1955 Legis the 9th and 25th air divisions, responsible for Oregon. "That is why civil defense was not activated," Sheets continued. "If the time comes that we re ceive an actual warning from the Air Force, we will alert the public and mobilize our resourc es according to the operational plans. The efficiency of the op eration plans. vary a great deal," w I r-? Investments made by the 10th or the month earn dividends at of the First. ARE OUR SPECIALTY. Invest your money whero protected to $10,000.00 by the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation. Combine this SAFETY with a comfortable RETURN and liberal withdrawal pro visions ond you have an excellent investment. Open your insured savings account now for PROFIT AVAILABILITY fAFITY FIRST FEDERAL Savings & Loan Assn. of Medford 27 North Holly Telephone 2-9147 board of engineers who would be more competent to report than Oregon's own state highway engineer, R. H. Baldock. He noted that Baldock is consulted by several other states on such matters and is considered one of the outstanding highway engi neers in the country. LOC Reguests Study The League of Oregon Cities requested the committee by let ter to study the present make up of the State Speed Control Board. The league pointed out that with transfer of the Motor Vehicle Department from the office of secretary of state to a separate department under the appointive power of the gov ernor would, in the opinion of the League, eliminate the need for tn secretary of state being a member of the board. The league requested that one of its officials be named on the board in order to consider the speed of vehicles using city streets. Other members of the com mittee are Rep. E. A. Littrell of Medford and Fred Meek of Port land, and Sen. Walter Leth of Monmouth. Within the Chicago terminal district, there is more than enough railway trackage to form a double-track railroad reaching from coast to coast. Dead line Sunday Classified Ja at noon Saturday: 1 a. m. Monday for Monday: other days 5:30 ereviousday yta',it:.(b o) CDTY SHOP AROUND - SEE THEM ALL Compare Prices AND Features AND Quality-Then Come to Minlder's and You Will Find the Most for Your Money! CROSLEY SHELVADOR "The World's Most Convenient Refrigerator" Crosley 2Vi Cu. Ft. nrprrn UUL3U UUU MODEL CAP 125 LOOK AT THESE FEATURES! 70 lb. Freezer-full width! Complete Automatic Defrost (Freezer and Refrigerator!) 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