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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (May 6, 1955)
Edaho Experts Link Polio Cases WHK VaccSmie Pending (CompBetDon oil Tests Friday, May S, 1955 MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNZ FITS By UNITED PRESS An experts' statement that Salk vaccine could be a contri buting factor to 10 cases of in fantile paralysis in Idaho high lighted mounting activity on the nation's polio front today. Three public health experts announced that a week of re search among Idaho's polio cases "strongly indicate a direct rela tion of the vaccine with the cases of polio which have been teen." The 10 polio mases were among 32,000 Idaho children ino culated with Salk vaccine manu factured by the Cutter Labora tories of Berkeley, Calif. Two of the youngsters died and three are In critical condition. Third Child Dies Meanwhile, a third child died after receiving an inoculation of Cutter vaccine and the National Foundation for Infantile Paraly sis announced that New York MCREACCUXATE..-' MADE-TO-MEASURE MTioiAUfwaiinst lATIOMUf MUt $4250fe$72s Chris the Tailor 128 E. Main - Phone 2-8473 and Washington had requested a delay in shipments of vaccine to them pending an investigation. In Washington, President Ei senhower said he would ask Congress for power to distribute Salk vaccine free to the nation's children if it becomes evident any child is being unfairly de prived of it. His statement was coupled with an announcement that vaccine supplies have fallen nearly 7,000,000 doses behind estimates. There have been 46 cases of polio following inoculations of Salk vaccine across the nation and in Hawaii. Up until the Ida ho experts' statement, scientists had been unanimous in stressing that there was no evidence that the Salk vaccine was to blame. The Idaho experts emphasized that their investigations will re main strictly circumstantial un til completion of laboratory tests. But they said the possible con nection between Salk vaccine and the 10 Idaho cases was sup ported by four factors. 1. The disease struck in areas where there had been no pre vious polio cases since last fall. 2. Only children who had re ceived the vaccine became ill in these areas. 3. The first signs of paralysis occurred in the arm, where the children had been vaccinated. 4. The paralysis developed first in the upper extremities, al though the disease is usually first felt in the legs. A 30-month-old New Orleans, La., boy meanwhile became the third child in the nation to die following an inoculation of Cut ter vaccine. But doctors said they were sure the inoculation had no connection with his death. Grandson of Famed Surgeon E. Allen Davis Jr. was stricken with bulbar polio Sunday, five days after he had been inocu lated, and died Wednesday. Doc tors pointed out that the incuba tion period for polio is 10 to 14 days. The child was the grandson of a famed surgeon, Dr. Alton Ochs ner. In other states, health officials indicated a mounting desire to make sure about every detail of the Salk vaccine. In California, meanwhile, the powerful State Medical Associa tion issued a statement con demning the "contrived publi city" which accompanied the announcement of the Salk vac cine's effectiveness. The association added it was by no means satisfied with the vaccine. There have been 1,163 cases of polio, including seven deaths, across the nation this year, an unofficial check showed. Advocates of 'Live Virus' Polio Vaccine Continue To Press Search By DELOS SMITH United Press Science Editor New York (U.R) Despite the statistically proven success of the Salk "killed virus" vaccine against polio,' scientific advo cates of a "live virus" vaccine have by no means given up their search. Dr. Albert B. Sabin, of the University of Cincinnati, a lead ing "live virus" scientist, indi cated this group's continuing lack of faith in the "killed vi rus" approach to immunizing hu man being against polio. He described to the annual meeting of the American Asso ciation of Physicians in Atlantic City some of the, results of his experiments with a "live virus" vaccine in 26 inmates volunteers at the federal reformatory at Chillicothe, O., which had been previously reported by the Unit ed Press. No Sign of Illness The volunteers swallowed his "live" viruses in milk. All de veloped antibodies against the viruses, yet none developed any sign of illness. This, Dr. Sabin continued, was what happened in the vast majority of "natural" immunizations weak, but "live" viruses invaded the body, caused no illness, but bestowed life-long immunity. Dr. Sabin described his experi ments with the convicts again in B8U Make Mother Queen for a Day This Sunday With a Thoughtful Gift from Thrifty Nifty! PLASTIC r.llXEFI-PITCIIER .... 98c POLTANNE CRATER DOWL .... 79c STARGLO FUSTIC BASKET ... 39e CHOC. 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Otherwise there wouldn't be so very many peo ple who have polio virus anti bodies in their blood chemistry without ever having been ill of polio. Dr. Sabin is working with "at tenuated" or mutant "live" vi ruses, seeking such non-virulent strains which can be depended upon to remain non-virulent. An "attenuated" virus is one which has been so weakened, usually by repeated "passages" through laboratory animals and test tube cultures, that it no longer causes disease. Depends en Mutation This weakening depends upon a natural phenomenon called mutation. When some of the off spring of a virulent virus are unlike their parent in being non virulent instead of virulent, it is the result of mutation and the non-virulent viruses are mu tants. They reproduce viruses which are non-virulent, too, and thus a non-virulent strain is established. Dr. Sabin has produced such strains in his laboratory which have remained non-virulent through many 'passages" through chimpanzees. These were the mutant strains which he tested in his 26 convict-volunteers. Dr. Sabin believes th,ese strains are stable that they won't change back into virulent forms. Controversy Not Affected , His report emphasized the rug gedness of the long-continuing controversy in science between the "killed virus" and "live vi rus" approach to an effective vaccine against polio. The con troversy was not affected by the Francis statistical study of the Salk "killed virus" vaccine which showed that it was 60 to 90 per cent effective. It was not affected because the Francis report did not and could not deal with how long an immunity the Salk vaccine bestows. It is the contention of the "live virus" advocates that any immunity bestowed by a "killed virus" vaccine has to be short-lived. In nature, "live" vi ruses bestow life-long immunity at the risk of disease. There fore, they argue, there can be "no immunity like natural immunity." 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