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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (April 12, 1955)
MEDFORD (OREGON) MAIL TRIBUNETHREE (My Two Inoculations of Anti-Polio Vaccine ESe Needed r. Sallk Peclaires Tuesday, AprU 12, 1955 Polio Rarity Makes Evaluation Of Vaccine Complicated Matter Ann Arbor. Mich. (U.R) Po lio is not a simple disease. For that reason the evaluation of the Salk anti-polio vaccine could not be a simple, open-or-shut matter. It is a rare disease, despite the annual polio "scares" and despite all the publicity il has had. The chance of any one in dividual getting polio in a recog nizable form is exceedingly slight. But, paradoxically, the three virus types which cause the dis ease get around quite freely. .Scientists believe that probably most people have had one or more of the three viruses in them and didn't know it. Maybe they had a sore throat at the time, maybe they didn't. Nevertheles, all these people are protected against any fur ther invasions by whatever type of polio virus got in them in the first place. The original invasion stimulated their blood chemistry into producing tiny particles call ed antibodies. These antibodies killed off the original invaders and they stay around to take care of any newcomers. Natural. Immunity This is "natural" immunity. It Is why the victims of most infec tious diseases never have a dis ease a second time. But natural immunity in polio is complicated by two things: (1) To be immune to one of the three types of polio viruses is not to be immune to the other two; and (2) most of the people who have been made naturally immune to one or more types, don't know that they are immune. It becomes plain, therefore, why evaluation of any anti-polio vaccine has to be complicat ed. For one thing, you might vaccinate a person who already was immune. If you did that, the vaccine was superfluous. For an other thing, the disease is so rare you couldn't be sure that any one vaccinated person (or any hundred or thousand or ten thousand persons, for that mat ter) would encounter a potently paralyzing virus. Yet if there was no demon strable "challenge," there could b-? no test results which would be accepted without question by physicians and other scientists. To complicate the business even more, the Salk anti-polio vaccine had two strikes against it, in the minds of many scientists, be cause it is made with "killed" viruses. Experimented With Monkeys Natural immunity always is bestowed by "live" viruses vir uses capable of causing the dis ease. Salk's "killed" viruses couldn't possibly cause the di sease. Therefore, the skeptics among scientists reasoned, the vaccine couldn't stimulate the body into producing enough lasting antibodies to ward off live, disease-causing viruses. Dr. Jonas E. Salk demon strated that monkeys immunized with his "killed" . viruses were entirely immune to injected "live" viruses. He showed that in some 8,000 human beings vac cinations with his vaccine gave them high levels of antibodies if they had none and boosted the level if they already had anti bodies. Impressive as these results were, they were not acceptable to scientists generally and for a very good reason. What can be produced in the laboratory and how viruses behave under "con trolled" laboratory conditions, do not necessarily even approx imate what goes on in nature and how viruses behave under natural conditions. Now, you have a vaccine of "killed" viruses which seem ca pable of creating enough lasting antibodies to stop all three types of polio viruses before they can multiply and paralyze or kill. This vaccine may wipe out paralytic polio. So you want every doctor everywhere to be lieve in it. You want every par ent to want his child vaccinated. In short, you want to prove its worth beyond even a slight doubt. Mass Tests Conducted That was the position of Basil O'Connor, president of the Na tional Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, who has devoted al most twenty years to a crusade against the disease. There was only one way to do it to organ ize a mass testing followed by a precise, scientific evaluation. Last spring, 460,000 children were vaccinated. With such a large number, some were bound to be "challenged" by live vi ruses under natural conditions. They were scattered through 211 test areas in 44 states and in Canada and Finland, to elimin ate any chance of freakish "local" conditions having any part in the result. Serving as "controls" were 1,370,000 of these children's schoolmates. They did not get the vaccine, but they have been "observed" just as closely as the vaccinated children. There had to be an "evalua tion center" where the results could be collected, put together, compared with one another, and the group of answers added up into the big answer as to whether the vaccine had been effective under natural condi tions and how effective. Simple Blood Test Determines Immunity Pittsburgh (U.R) Dr. Jo nas E. Salk developed during his vaccine research a simple one - drop blood test to deter mine if a person is immune to polio. Using the new micro-test, that is to polio what the famed Schick test is to diptheria, Salk found that of 10,000 Pittsburgh children tested only 10 per cent were naturally immune. While the micro-test worked "very well" and aids greatly in research, Salk foresaw little pub lic use for it in the future. In noculation with his new vaccine is even easier. "The Schick test is not used any more because it is simpler to vaccinate," Salk pointed out. Apology Brings Lower Penitentiary Term Pontiac, Mich. (U.R) Roy E. Hankins might have to spend only two years in prison because he apologized to police. Circuit Judge Russel Holland sentenced Hankins to two to 15 years in prison with a recom mendation for the minimum sen tence because the confessed burglar said he was sorry for escaping while touring with po lice the places he had looted. MOST AMAZING STOCKING GUARANTEE EVER OFFERED! .MyyiiiwvifiV""- new sheer s-t-r-e-t-c-h WONDER-WEARING by LARKWOOD X-90 is the exclusive development of Larkwood laboratories which brought you the original sheer stretch nylons, fabulous Stocking Xt. X-90 is a beautifully sheer, full-fashioned nylon stocking that stretches from toe to thigh, to skin fit your legs and feet exactly. By exactly, we mean these stockings won't bag, sag, wrinkle, twist or bind anywhere, all the time you wear them. Keep your seams straight all day. Adjust to any garter length, and give you new-found comfort. X-90 never loses any of its stretchability or dull "makeup" look. "CHADOLON" yarn makes X-90 stretch so easily, 3 sizes fit all Petite, Average, Tall. For real savings on sheer, perfectly fitting stockings, try X-90 today. 2 pairs for $495.:' Here is Your Guarantee! Yon can set 90 days wear from every 2 pairs of Wonder Wearing X-90. If S stockings should de velop runs in 90 days, return all 4 stockings direct to Larkwood and you will receive 2 new pairs FREE. Adri enne s 214 EAST MAIN trademark tpata. applied for PHONE 2-7169 Statement Means 13, More May Receive Shots Ann Arbor, Mich. (U.R) Dr. Jonas E. Salk said today only two inoculations of his polio vac cine, instead of three, will be needed to give the majority of children immunity during the 1955 polio season. His announcement meant that some 13,000,000 more children would be able to receive the vac cine by June 1. Salk, 40, University of Pitts burgh researcher who developed the vaccine which was adjudged effective today, said the third shot, or booster shot, should not be given until at least seven months after the second inocula tion. Vaccine Ordered Local health officials through out the nation had been basing their plans for immunizing chil dren in the three-shot plan used in last year's mass test. Salk's announcement means more "in itial" inoculations than planned will be possible before the so called polio season. The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis ordered 27. 000,000 cubic centimeters of the vaccine before the evaluation of last spring's mass Salk inocula tions was completed. Since then the foundation es timaxes anotner Z7,uuu,U0O cc has been manufactured. It predicts another 43,000,000 cc will have been produced by June 1, or 114,000,000 in all by June 1. During the mass inoculations, three shots were given during a five week period. Salk said the first two inoculations should be spaced four weeks apart for max imum effectiveness. Shots for More Children On the basis of three cc per child, only 39,000,000 children could be inoculated by June 1. But it figured on the basis of only 2 cc per child, 52,000,000 could receive shots, or the addi tional 13,000,000 this year. It is estimated there are about 64,000,000 children of "tjolin age" in the United States. Salk suggested that all chil dren who received noli lations during last spring's field trials should eet an arlrfitinnai booster dose this year. He said ttus was necessary because the three doses given in a five week period in 1954 could not have been expected to produce more than a primary effect. The secondary effect or lonz- term immunity, can be accom plished only if the third booster shot is given at a time several months beyond the first two doses," he said. "The third inoculati booster shot, should not be given before at least seven months have elapsed, but certainly before the onset of the 1956 polio season," bailc said. Salk's Three Sons Among First To Get Anti-Polio Inoculations Vaccine Will Cost Public About $6 Ann Arbor. Mich. (U.Pl Three cubic centimeters of Salk vaccine, enough to inoculate a child, will cost the public about $b, representatives of pharma ceutical firms said today. The spokesmen, attending a meeting at which Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. reported on the ef fectiveness of the vaccine, said physicians and drug stores would be able to obtain the serum at about 30 Der cent less than that but it would be sold to the public at about S2 a cub ic centimeter. The fees of the nhysician who administers the vaccine is not included in the $6 price. Easter Flower Sniff . Costs Woman $1,350 Detroit (U.R) Mrs. Sarah Droste estimated today it cost her $1,350 to smell an Easter flower. Mrs. Droste sniffed a notted hyacinth, dropped the plant on the gas pedal of her car and smashed through two garages and struck another automobile. KELVIN ATOR 18Cu. Ft. holds 630 lbs. UPRIGHT FREEZER 31 Inches Wid 61A Inches High Special 8419.95. $10 Dn, $20 Ma. JOHNSTON STORES 112 South Riverside Pittsburgh U.R) Dr. Jonas E, Salk, who says development of his polio vaccine came as "no surprise," is a painstaking, seem ingly untiring worker with ex treme confidence in his results. His own children were among the first to receive inoculations soon after he started his first tests on human beings. In May, 1953, when leading scientists still were fearful that the vaccine might cause polio instead of preventing it, Salk in jected the fluid, filled with "killed" virus, into the veins of his three sons, the youngest then only three.- "He said he wanted to give us the vaccine before he went out to give it to others," the scien tist's wife, Donna, recalled. Un til that time, the vaccine had been administered only to per sons who had had polio and ac quired an immunity, The Manhattan born polio ex pert regards his accomplish ments in the battle against virus diseases with great modesty. De velopment of the polio vaccine, he said, was merely "just anoth er job to be done in a field in which I was interested. Salk became devoted to re search early in life. In 1947, Pitt asked Salk to head its virus laboratory and open an all out drive against the virus diseases, since the antibi otics such as penicillin had large ly brought the bacterial sickness under control. When Salk arrived, virtually the only equipment he had was a desk in the Pittsburgh Munici pal Hospital for Contagious Dis eases. He threw his -tremendous energy into building a staff and facilities. Now 50 persons work in laboratories occupying three floors of the building in Pitts burgh's Medical Center. As he worked in his labora tory, often from before dawn until after dusk, he conceived the idea of developing a vac cine, containing "killed" virus of all three types, which would cause a person's blood to build up immunity - giving antibiotics without infecting him with the disease. After months of experiment ing with monkeys 15,000 were used in the project Salk decid ed in June, 1952, that the time had come to test the vaccine on human beings, Forty volunteers, all of whom had recovered from polio, were inoculated with the pink, crystal-clear fluid. In the days of waiting for the results, Salk said, his chief feel ings were "interest and curiosity as to what was coming ' out." Then, blood tests showed the hoped-for antibodies building up in the recipients' blood. , So smooth it leaves you breathless ill mirnoff SO proof Midc from 1 00 train neutral spirin, Stc Pierre Smirnoff FU. lnc.Hucf6id.CoBa. Uh Mail Tribune Want Ada r To the People of Medford THIS IS AN ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FIRST SALE OF ITS KIND IN HOFFMAN HISTORY! WE INTEND TO SELL MORI Hoffman sets in 1955 than in any previous year. We know that the best way to accomplish this aim is to offer the public even greater value than ever before. So we have taken our two most popular models (models whose terrific value have put them on allocation to our dealers) and concentrated our entire production on them for limited time. And we've reduced their prices by up to $50. This means $1 million savings to the public. - These are not discontinued models, not models of which there is a large inventory, not close-outs or stripped down models, but the newest, freshest, most popular Hoffman sets with all the plus features, including Easy-Vision, you expect to find in the West's top line. We're out to keep our factories humming to get ready for a banner fifteenth year we're out to win new friends for Hoffman! I believe this is an unprecedented opportunity for you to buy the set that never compromises with quality the set I'm proud to have bear my name. .MSJOENT MorraiN UCTHMCI COWOMTIOM Q&0 7oWO0O0GD FOR LIMITED TIME ONLY! SALE PRICES on our 2 best sellers ALL-OUT PRODUCTION OF 2 MOST POPULAR MODELS IN HOFFMAN LINE CREATES $1 MILLION SAVINGS! YOU GET FRESH. NEW TV AT BIG SAVING! I, UMED OAK FINISH y ! 11 11 rr it in i IIME0 OAK FINISH i was $249.95 now in walnut finish "New Profile" wood console with Super 21 Aluminized picture. Easy-Vision Lens, de luxe features. 21W360. 21 Ii WALNUT FINISH J ;" ' ' "' I ll I If im!Mp I was $209.95 ... now Deluxe "New Profile" table model with Super 21 Aluminized tube, exclusive Easy-Vision Lens. Legs extra.1 21 W190. BRAND NEW! JUST-FROM-THE-FACTORY SETS SPECIALLY PRICED! HERE'S WHAT YOU GET! NOT old, discontinued, or special sale models- N0T a stripped-down chassis NOT an ordinary, smaller picture tube N 0T old-style, space-consuming cabinets NOT painted metal cabinets BUT nigh-styled, fast-sellirtg merchandise. - BUT a safe, 19-tube, superpower, fringe-performing ; chassis. BUT a Hoffman "Super 21" ALUMINIZED picture tube with 12 more viewing area, easier-to-watch Easy-Vision Lens. BUT Hoffman's "new profile" furniture, styling, tower, wider, more compact, with top-tuning for ; convenience. BUT furniture pieces in rich walnut, mahogany -or blond finishes. WE'RE OUT TO KEEP OUR FACTORIES HUMMING TO BREAK ALLY PREVIOUS SALES RECORDS -TO WIN NEW FRIENDS! YOU GET, A GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO SAVE MONEY! SEE HOFFMAN NOW!; mm arm m mm (La r W Confidence! SST At , . , Y' Vi Inc. V I UBIiUIWIVIJ & 'APPLIANCES 321 E. Sixth MEDFORD Phone 2-9824 Open Wednesday Evenings Til 9 p.m.
