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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 3, 1945)
Medford United Press Full Leased Wire nn RIBUNE United Press Full Leased Wlr Fortieth Year MEDFORD, OREGON, FRIDAY AUGUST 3, 1945. NO. 113. 1 Big Three Agreement Generally Favored by ProminentSenators Aboard USS Augusta with President Truman, Aug. 3 (UP) President Truman said flatly today, after publication of the Berlin conference com munique, that "There are no secret'agreements of any kind" resulting from the Big Three meeting. As Mr. Truman travelled back to the United States, he worked on a report to the nation which he will deliver by radio shortly after he is in the White House again. Also he canvassed carefully special dis patches reporting reaction in the United States to the Big Three announcement. Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R Big Three plans for restoring order to war-devastated Europe and reducing Germany to a nation of farms and peaceful, domestic industries were generally approved today by prominent U. S. senators. ' Only one critical note was immediately forthcoming from the body which eventually must ratify the peace treaties. Sen. Robert A. Taft, R., O-, thought the proposal to give Poland a large chunk of eastern Germanv contained "the seed of another war." TRUMAN PLANS PERSONAL REPORT President Truman, aboard the cruiser Augusta en route home from his first Big Three meeting, Is preparing a personal report on the conference. He will deliver it to the nation by radio and may be prepared to give more details of the decisions reached and of the many unmentionid issues. The major unanswered question is: What role does Russia plan to play In the closing days of the war against Japan? But there was little doubt that "the military matters of com mon interest" discussed by the chiefs of staff of the United States, Britain and Russia involved Japan. It was also noted that Generalissimo Stalin had signed a communique which praised Italy for at least joining the Allies in the struggle against Japan notice that the Russians no longer are concerned about offending the Japanese. Most officials here expect Russia to be in on the final stages of the Japanese war. But one senator Warren Magnuson, D., Wash. predicted that unless Russian help was "absolutely neces sary" she would not become a belligerent. - SENATORS GENERALLY ENTHUSIASTIC The senate had recessed for two months 24 hours before the results of the Big Three meeting were announced. But members still here generally were enthusiastic about the plans for removing forever the threat of German aggression- Those who noted the absence of final decisions except on the future of Germany ap proved. "If they go slow, we'll have a better peace," said Sen. Elbert D. Thomas, D., Utah- The communique of "the conference of Berlin" was the most detailed but the least spectacular of any of those on earlier meet ings of Big Three leaders or their top officials those in Moscow, Tehran, Cairo, Yalta, Five Major Decisions Five major decisions stand out: 1. Definition of iht kind of future in store for Germany complete disarmament and de militarisation, elimination or strict control of all potential military Industries and a spe-cifi- prohibition against manu facture of airplanes or sea going ships. 2. Agreement on a formula for extracting from Germany in materials, machines and equipment reparations to compensate for the loss and suffering Inflicted by the naiis. 3. Creation of Big Five eoun ell of foreign ministers to draft peace treaties with the defeated nations for submis sion to all the United Nations. The German peace treaty will be postponed until a central German government is form ed. That is not an early possi bility. 4. Tentative agreement on the western boundaries of Po land The eastern boundary was settled at Yalta. The Ber lin decision would give the former capital of East Prussia home of the Junkers and the surrounding territory to Russia. The rest of East Prus sia, the Free City of Danug and all of Germany east of the Oder and the Neisse rivers, which includes mineral-rich and heavy industrialised Si lesia would go to the new Poland. 5. promises to the defeated axis satellites and all neutrals, except Franco Spain, to sup port their applications for ad mission to the United Nations. The former satellites must form democratic governments to qualify and the neutrals must be willing to meet the requirements set forth in the United Nations charter ac ceptance of the obligations and a willingness and ability to carry them out. Break With Franco The Big Three, in effect, made a joint moral break with Gen eralissimo Francisco Franco of Spain when they served notice that the present Spanish govern ment was considered an outlaw. it's origins, its nature, its record and it close association with the aggressor states dis qualify the present Spanish re gime for membership in the United Nations, the Big Three decreed. Some quarters saw in this the end of Franco. Ranking with the major Big Three accomplishments in inter est were the unmentioncd sut- Jects: , 1 The western boundary oi Germanv. What is to be done with the Rhinriand? There have been demands for its partition, for internationalizing the Ruhr and ceding the Saar to France. The absence of France from the conference may have precluded anv announcement but it was felt the Big Thre must have exchanged views on this prob lem. 2. The future of the Dardc nelles. Russia is pressing Turkey for a new agreement which would strengthen soviet guaran tees for a warm water outlet. This is an issue in which Brit ain's Mediterranean policy fig ures prominently. 3. The future of Austria. That country already has been prom' ised independence, but no men tion is made of plans to imple ment that decision. However, Russia's proposal that its unil' laterally-sponsored Austrian pro visional government be extend ed to till of Austria was blocked by Mr. Truman and the British. The latter insisted upon post poning a decision until after the entry of British and American forces Into Vienna, a move made earlier this week. Vital Issues Left Thus the Big Three have left for their foreign ministers some of the most controversial issues of postwar Europe. Other prob lems on the council of the foreign ministers agenda are Italian- Yugoslav claims on Trieste, hot spot of the Adriatic, and disposi tion of Italian colonies which the Russians want to make interna tional trusteeships. The London meeting of the foreign ministers council to be held not later than Sept. 1 will be to the final United Nations peace conference what Dumbar ton Oaks was to the San Fran cisco conference. It will give the big powers a chance to reconcile their differences over the final settlements in Europe and pre sent a' united front to the full- dress peace conference. One of the major difficulties at Paris in 1919 was the lack of agreement in advance by the big powers on what they intend cd to do. Month3 of wrangling ensued and the Big Four of that war eventually had to hold a rump conference during the reg ular parley. Early Conditions Need The foreign ministers council was set up to speed what the Big Three agreed was a major imme-. diatc need early establishment of the conditions of lasting peace in Europe and termination of the present "annomalnus position" of Italy, Bulgaria. Finland. Hun gary and Romania, the former axis adherents. The decision to prohibit for mation of a central German gov ernment for the time being will postpone any change in Ger many's status as an enemy na tion whose fate is in the hands of the allies. The Big Three agreed that "first among the immediate im portant tasks to be undertaken" is the preparation of an Italian peace treaty. Italy is the only former enemy nation whose ar mistice terms still remain sec ret. The Big Three gave these reasons for their concern about Italy: she was the first to break with Nazi Germany "to whose defeat she has materially con tributed": she has now joined the allies in the struggle against Japan: she has freed herself from the fascist regime and is making good progress toward re establishment of a democratic government. BLOCKADES JAP IE All Major Harbors Sown With Mines Typhoons Add Woe for Millions Guam, Aug. 3 (U.R) The re lentless air offensive against Ja pan thundered around the clock today and the 20th air force an nounced that B-29s have com pletely blockaded shipping be tween the Japanese home islands and continental Asia. Every harbor of any conse quence on the Japanese home land has been sown with mines, the 20th air force reported, as has every harbor from Korea to the Soviet-Manchukuo border. Many Ships Sunk Many hundreds of thousands of tons of Japanese shipping have been sunk by these mines and reports from Okinawa said that the 10,000,000 Japanese on Kyushu were threatened with additional disaster as typhoons lashed the China sea, further iso lating Japan from vital main land supplies. Progressive disintegration of the Japanese homeland was in tensified by attacks on rail trans portation which began to sever the vital arteries on which Jap anese cities depend for food and Japanese war industries depend for shipment of supplies. The B-29 mine-laying program was described as "the greatest in history" and a spokesman said that "there are now no major shipping ports or harbors re maining that offer safety to Jap anese shipping." . Assault Goes On Radio Tokyo reported that 100 American fighter-bombers car ried forward the relentless as sault, shooting up military tar gets in the greater Tokyo area only a few hours after Manila and Guam communiques tallied up the results of three more at tacks on the Japanese islands. In the Tokyo area on Monday carrier planes of the 3rd fleet destroyed or damaged 278 Jap anese planes and 116 ships, in cluding 33 warships. In the Kobe-Nagoya area on Thursday 139 Iwo-based Mus tangs damaged 14 enemy ships, knocked out three aircraft and blasted installations at the Oka zaki, Meiji, Kiyosu, Komaki and Kokogawa airfields without loss. Nagasaki Hit At Nagasaki on Wednesday 250 Okinawa-based planes sank 10 enemy ships and wrecked drydocks, shipyards, railway yards, and harbor installations without loss. Admiral William F. Halsey's 3rd fleet remained under a se curity blackout clamped down after Monday's carrier-plane raid on the Tokyo area. The final tally for that attack showed four warships and 20 merchantmen sunk, 33 warships and 59 mer chantmen damaged, 124 enemy planes destroyed and 154 dam aged. Diamonds have been found In placer gravels and placer mines in Amador, Butte. El Dorado, and Plumas Counties. Germans Learn Penalty For Crimes; Must Give Up Land and Industries Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R) I Germans knew their fate today; they must "atone for the terrible crimes" of Nazism. They also knew the way they must travel to national salvation; if they follow it, "it will be pos sible for them in due course to take their place among the fiee and peaceful peoples of the world." I The fate and the way were set forth in detail by the Big Three j at Potsdam. President Trunwn, ' Generalissimo Stalin and Prime! Minister Clement Attlee told the j Germans that: j 1- By their crimes against i civilization they have "made j chaos and suffering inevitable" for the Reich. 2. They must give up rich j sections of their homeland, and ! all industry "that could be used ( for military production." 3. Reparations will strip them of all industrial equipment except the bare minimum neces sary with the aid of agriculture ; to maintain their economy on . a subsistence level. 4. They will never so long as Russia. Great Britain and the United States call the turn j make another airplane, fashion j another buzz-bomb or rocket or! build another sea-going ship of any kind- I LAVAL JEERED IN T OF VICHYLEADER Former Official Said to Pro claim End of Republican France As Paper Signed Paris, Aug. 3 (U.R) Pierre Laval was charged today with exclaiming "There goes the re public" when he affixed his signature at Vichy to the new French constitution- In a ' dramatic interpellation of Laval's own testimony in the trial of Marshal Henri Philippe Petain on a charge of treason the man who was called France's "Evil Genius" was said to have proclaimed the end of Republi can France when he signed the constitutional documents. Laval, fire flashing from his dark eyes, angrily turned on his accuser, Pierre De La Pomer aye, former secretary general of the French senate: . Not Fascist "I am not a Fascist," he shout ed in a cracked voice. "I am not a Nazi. I love the republic." The court room rocked with sardonic laughter. Enraged, Laval turned to the spectators and shouted: "You can laugh!" Laval insisted he did not re member making any such re mark but Pomeraye insisted that he ''had sat at the table in the hall of the Majestic hotel In Vichy where Laval signed the three acts of the constitution. "As you signed them," Pomer aye said solemnly, "You said: 'There goes the republicl' " Peace Motive The charg e that Laval had signed the constitution in full knowledge that he was affixing his name to the death warrant of the third republic came in the midst of a lengthy story by Laval of his pre-war diplomatic man euver! ivjs wuloji he iusisted was motivated by a desire for "peace." CHAOS IN REICH Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R) German economy, local civil gov ernment and health and sanita tion are gradually but steadily being restored in the U. S. zone of occupation, the War depart ment said today in a report re ceived from Europe. The de tailed report said Germans were proving cooperative. The report indicated: Food is a primary concern. Al lied displaced persons through priorities are receiving 2,000 calorie daily diets- Lack of transportation and power for creameries prevent an adequate butter supply. Farmer prisoners of war and Wehrmacht horses have been re leased for agriculture and 90 to 100 per cent of normal acreage has been planted, though plant ings were late. 5. They will be denazified and demilitarized for keeps, and their cartels, syndicates and trusts broken up. 6. They will be restricted to a standard of living no better than the average in the countries of Europe they devastated and plundered. 7. They will be made to rea lize that they have "suffered a total military defeat" and that they "cannot escape responsi bility" for their plight. 8. For as long as it takes them to learn the ways of demo cracy and peace, they will be subject to rigid Allied control of their political, economic, indus trial, scientific, judicial, legal and educational institutions- "It is not the Intention of the Allies to destroy or enslave the German people," the Big Three said. "It is the intention of the Allies that the German people be given the opportunity to pre pare for the eventual reconstruc tion of their life on a democratic and peaceful basis," To this end the Allies will strive to restore democratic local government, democratic political parties, free trade unions and "subject to the necessity for maintaining military security" freedom of speech, press and religion. ww n in nnn rm mp IV I YVr f f'Til'tJ M &M-ittmum ill mwtm ii mMlMk -.A - IN I IF.U OF ELABORATE CODIIT FUNCTIONS. King Ooo'rge VI shakes hand of President Truman aboard British battle cruiser Renown, at Plymouth, Ennland, whore U. 8. chief executive lunches with King below TrXnina to , Washington following close of big Three conference. Bailors ibackground) pipe President aboard. Portland, Ore., Aug. 3 (Un consolidated Timber Company's sawmill near Glenwood was threatened again today in the Wilson river sector of Oregon's three weoks old forest fire. New flare-ups of burning snags menaced the mill and 60-home village and a backfire on the north side of the Wilson river highway has been set up to pro vide a bare area of protection. Fire lines protecting the For est Grove watershed were hold ing today with the exception of a quarter-mile finger snaking into the Soda Springs-Cherry Grove sector. Spot Fires Danger Dangerous spot fires are still burning in the coast range be tween the Middle and South Forks of the Salmonbcrry river, running parallel to the Wolf Creek highway. A few loggers from camps in the vicinity are fighting the flumes without bene fit of radio or telephone com munication. Fire trails protecting Cochran were connected Thursday, giv ing the town added security, al though flumes In some places are only a mile away. Fire fighters lost nearly all the fire trail won earlier in the work near Ilcnibre ridge at the southern tip of the Wilson river fire on the Jordan Creek front. More equipment was rushed to the fire scene this morning. Need More Help An appeal for even more troops was made to help hold uncontrolled fires in the north ern sector from the Nchalcm up Into southern Clatsop county. One .-ipot fire believed carried i by winds from the Salmonbcrry Into southern Clatsop county has ; covered an estimated 800 acres. Farther south, fire is burning only a mile from Wakefield near the railroad line down the Ne halem. Shoe Rationing May End in Two Months New York, Aug. 3 lU.Ri Trade quurters believe that shoe rationing will be lilted within the next two or three months, the National Shoe Retailers' as sociation said today. Reporting that during the past month military cutbacks have re vised drastically the entire sup ply picture, the association said that approximately 26,000,000 pairs of ration type shoes should be produced monthly in the last quarter of this year. Doolittle Urges Single Commander For Ground, Sea and Air in Pacific 10th Army Headquarters, Okinawa, Aug. 3 (U.R) Lt. Gn. James H. Doolittle, commander of the eighth air force, called for the appointment of a single commander for the Pacific war in an Army Air Forces Day speech Wednesday. He told soldiers of Gen. Jo seph W. Stilwell's 10th army he was convinced that' unity of command through the naming of a single over-all commander for ground, sea and air forces was essential for victory over Japan. Doolittle's remarks, disclosed today, made him the first aen cral officer in the Pacific cam paign to criticize publicly the BEEF STEAKS TO Washington, Aug. 3 'U.R) Secretary of Agriculture Clinton p. Anderson today offered civi lians the cheering news that beef steaks and roasts arc "coming back" this fall and winter. Writing In the current issue of American Magazine, Anderson said there should be "appreci ably more" beef on the market en,,,, lit IIl-IoH nrncitnrl. fit ill. creased production, cut-backs in milllarv nurehasP. and better distribution as the reasons. "Your butcher should be back at work this fall and winter," he said. Anderson warned, however, that the outlook for other foods is not so bright. "As things look now,1' he said, "We're going to be short of eggs, pork, lard, butter, sugar and even soap, as well as chickens, until the spring of 1048 at least." MRS. TAMAR D. KERSHAW IS SUMMONED BY DEATH Mrs. Tamar D. Kershaw, wife of P. W. Kershaw, passed away in a local hospital this morning. She was born on Wagner Creek. the daughter of James F. Greg ! ory and Louise Cochran Gregory ' and had spent her entire life in this community. 1 Services will be held In the Conger-Morris Chapel at 3 p. m.i Monday with the Rev. Harry Hansen officiating. Interment will be in lOOF cemetery. A ' complete obituary will appear! in Sunday's paper. i More than 6.000 of the total : 48.523 square miles of Louisiana are water-covered. raw 1- v' " " . v (Acme RailirhTelenholo) present divided command in that theater. Under the present set up, Gen. Douglas MacArthur com mands all army forces in the Pa cific and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, all navy forces. Each has a number of air forces under his command. (This dispatch was relayed through Manila, and presumably was approved by censors in MacArthur's command.) Doolittle said unity of com mand had proved itself in North Africa. Sicily and Europe and added pointedly: "We had divided command at Pearl Harbor." HELD BLAMELESS 21st Army Group Headquar ters, Germany, Aug. 3 U.R Alois Hitler, half-brother of Adolf, has been given a clean bill of health by British security authorities and released from custody, It was announced today. Alois Hitler was not associated with Adolf and was blameless for German war crimes, the Brit ish announced. They said he had n. arrested almost a , B in the Hamburg area month He was absolutely scared stiff of being associated with the fuehrer's activities In any way," a British statement said. Alois Hitler had fled to Ham burg ahead of the Russians from Berlin, where he kept an obscure tavern in a working class dis trict. Hollywood, Aug. 3 (U.R) Lima Turner, the sweater-girl screen star, has reported to po lice the loss of a diamond brooch worth $35,000. By The Side Of The Rogue By Dale Vincent There are a number of "humming-bird mollis" which work our flower beds at night, and knowing very little about these nocturnal insects, we decided lo tap the next one that visited us gcntlv on the head with a fly swatter in the name of science. We spotted one working the petunias and made a gentle but firm swing, the flower wilted under the blow, but the moth had moved to another. Two more strokes, and the damage to the flowers mounted, but the moth was still one move ahead. Then ho flew to our big porch light and started circling, as I swung twice more Getting tired of this horseplay, we reached for the broom One husky two-fisted swing a loud report followed by a blind ing flash silence and total darkness. The broom had connecieo. with the porch wiring system. Standing in the darkness, draped j with electrical apparatus, wc heard the dull hum of the moth ai 1 he departed up-river. E t: Construction to Await War End First Option on Property Exercised Today O f f i c i al announcement of plans to erect a retail store in Medford for the Sears Roebuck merchandising chain was mada today by Mark Goldy, acting in connection with Guy E. Stevens, Seattle realty broker. Options on six pieces of property, cover ing 250 feet of frontage on S. Central avenue and approxim ately 300 feet on Riverside avenue, and affording a plot through the entire block, was taken last September by Stev ens, who did not then disclose the name of the principal for whom he was acting. Public interest was aroused at that time, and speculation as to pos sible Intended uses of the pro perty varied from the Scars Roebuck store or other large merchandising concern to the possibility of another bus line terminal. Today's announcement Is the first authentic disclosure ' of plans to utilize the property, and came with the exercising of the first option, on the apart ment house owned by Mrs. Mabel C. Hall, located at 315 S. Central avenue. Goldy says that the action taken today in dicates other options will be ex ercised in the course of time. Other options are all dated alike, but the apartment house option apparently expired earl ier. Total price called for in the options was not disclosed. Development of the new building will depend entirely on the progress of the war, accord ing to Goldy. Tenants now occupying the houses on which the options are held will be giv en DO days notice, as provided under OPA rules, for vacating before the demolishing or mov ing of houses starts. No activity will take place prior to Jan. 1, 1946, he added. Present plans call for con struction of a large retail Scars Roebuck store with parking facilities, but no architect plans have been drawn up as yet. The construction will require closing of a short portion of the alley running north and south through the block Just south of Ninth street. A portion of the Sears Roebuck property will be given by the company for a", alley running east and west from the closed portion of a Riverside avenue outlet. An cast west alley now affords ac ccs to Central avenue. Hollywood, Aug. 3 (U.R) Actress Clautlcttc Colbert, today proposed a special academy award for child movie stars, whose acting she said frequently put the grownups in their pic tures to shame. BASEBALL' National Brooklyn 5 8 1 Boston 1 1 1 Gregg and Dantlno; Tobin and Masi-
