Medford
United Press Full Leased Wire
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RIBUNE
United Press Full Leased Wlr
Fortieth Year
MEDFORD, OREGON, FRIDAY AUGUST 3, 1945.
NO. 113. 1
Big Three Agreement
Generally Favored by
ProminentSenators
Aboard USS Augusta with President Truman,
Aug. 3 (UP) President Truman said flatly today,
after publication of the Berlin conference com
munique, that "There are no secret'agreements of any
kind" resulting from the Big Three meeting.
As Mr. Truman travelled back to the United
States, he worked on a report to the nation which he
will deliver by radio shortly after he is in the White
House again. Also he canvassed carefully special dis
patches reporting reaction in the United States to the
Big Three announcement.
Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R Big Three plans for restoring
order to war-devastated Europe and reducing Germany to a nation
of farms and peaceful, domestic industries were generally approved
today by prominent U. S. senators.
' Only one critical note was immediately forthcoming from the
body which eventually must ratify the peace treaties. Sen. Robert
A. Taft, R., O-, thought the proposal to give Poland a large chunk
of eastern Germanv contained "the seed of another war."
TRUMAN PLANS PERSONAL REPORT
President Truman, aboard the cruiser Augusta en route home
from his first Big Three meeting, Is preparing a personal report on
the conference. He will deliver it to the nation by radio and may
be prepared to give more details of the decisions reached and of
the many unmentionid issues.
The major unanswered question is: What role does Russia
plan to play In the closing days of the war against Japan?
But there was little doubt that "the military matters of com
mon interest" discussed by the chiefs of staff of the United States,
Britain and Russia involved Japan. It was also noted that
Generalissimo Stalin had signed a communique which praised
Italy for at least joining the Allies in the struggle against Japan
notice that the Russians no longer are concerned about offending
the Japanese.
Most officials here expect Russia to be in on the final stages
of the Japanese war. But one senator Warren Magnuson, D.,
Wash. predicted that unless Russian help was "absolutely neces
sary" she would not become a belligerent. -
SENATORS GENERALLY ENTHUSIASTIC
The senate had recessed for two months 24 hours before the
results of the Big Three meeting were announced. But members
still here generally were enthusiastic about the plans for removing
forever the threat of German aggression- Those who noted the
absence of final decisions except on the future of Germany ap
proved. "If they go slow, we'll have a better peace," said Sen. Elbert
D. Thomas, D., Utah-
The communique of "the conference of Berlin" was the most
detailed but the least spectacular of any of those on earlier meet
ings of Big Three leaders or their top officials those in Moscow,
Tehran, Cairo, Yalta,
Five Major Decisions
Five major decisions stand
out:
1. Definition of iht kind of
future in store for Germany
complete disarmament and de
militarisation, elimination or
strict control of all potential
military Industries and a spe-cifi-
prohibition against manu
facture of airplanes or sea
going ships.
2. Agreement on a formula
for extracting from Germany
in materials, machines and
equipment reparations to
compensate for the loss and
suffering Inflicted by the
naiis.
3. Creation of Big Five eoun
ell of foreign ministers to
draft peace treaties with the
defeated nations for submis
sion to all the United Nations.
The German peace treaty will
be postponed until a central
German government is form
ed. That is not an early possi
bility. 4. Tentative agreement on
the western boundaries of Po
land The eastern boundary
was settled at Yalta. The Ber
lin decision would give the
former capital of East Prussia
home of the Junkers and
the surrounding territory to
Russia. The rest of East Prus
sia, the Free City of Danug
and all of Germany east of the
Oder and the Neisse rivers,
which includes mineral-rich
and heavy industrialised Si
lesia would go to the new
Poland.
5. promises to the defeated
axis satellites and all neutrals,
except Franco Spain, to sup
port their applications for ad
mission to the United Nations.
The former satellites must
form democratic governments
to qualify and the neutrals
must be willing to meet the
requirements set forth in the
United Nations charter ac
ceptance of the obligations and
a willingness and ability to
carry them out.
Break With Franco
The Big Three, in effect, made
a joint moral break with Gen
eralissimo Francisco Franco of
Spain when they served notice
that the present Spanish govern
ment was considered an outlaw.
it's origins, its nature, its
record and it close association
with the aggressor states dis
qualify the present Spanish re
gime for membership in the
United Nations, the Big Three
decreed. Some quarters saw in
this the end of Franco.
Ranking with the major Big
Three accomplishments in inter
est were the unmentioncd sut-
Jects: ,
1 The western boundary oi
Germanv. What is to be done
with the Rhinriand? There have
been demands for its partition,
for internationalizing the Ruhr
and ceding the Saar to France.
The absence of France from the
conference may have precluded
anv announcement but it was
felt the Big Thre must have
exchanged views on this prob
lem. 2. The future of the Dardc
nelles. Russia is pressing Turkey
for a new agreement which
would strengthen soviet guaran
tees for a warm water outlet.
This is an issue in which Brit
ain's Mediterranean policy fig
ures prominently.
3. The future of Austria. That
country already has been prom'
ised independence, but no men
tion is made of plans to imple
ment that decision. However,
Russia's proposal that its unil'
laterally-sponsored Austrian pro
visional government be extend
ed to till of Austria was blocked
by Mr. Truman and the British.
The latter insisted upon post
poning a decision until after the
entry of British and American
forces Into Vienna, a move made
earlier this week.
Vital Issues Left
Thus the Big Three have left
for their foreign ministers some
of the most controversial issues
of postwar Europe. Other prob
lems on the council of the foreign
ministers agenda are Italian-
Yugoslav claims on Trieste, hot
spot of the Adriatic, and disposi
tion of Italian colonies which the
Russians want to make interna
tional trusteeships.
The London meeting of the
foreign ministers council to be
held not later than Sept. 1 will
be to the final United Nations
peace conference what Dumbar
ton Oaks was to the San Fran
cisco conference. It will give the
big powers a chance to reconcile
their differences over the final
settlements in Europe and pre
sent a' united front to the full-
dress peace conference.
One of the major difficulties
at Paris in 1919 was the lack of
agreement in advance by the
big powers on what they intend
cd to do. Month3 of wrangling
ensued and the Big Four of that
war eventually had to hold a
rump conference during the reg
ular parley.
Early Conditions Need
The foreign ministers council
was set up to speed what the Big
Three agreed was a major imme-.
diatc need early establishment
of the conditions of lasting peace
in Europe and termination of the
present "annomalnus position"
of Italy, Bulgaria. Finland. Hun
gary and Romania, the former
axis adherents.
The decision to prohibit for
mation of a central German gov
ernment for the time being will
postpone any change in Ger
many's status as an enemy na
tion whose fate is in the hands
of the allies.
The Big Three agreed that
"first among the immediate im
portant tasks to be undertaken"
is the preparation of an Italian
peace treaty. Italy is the only
former enemy nation whose ar
mistice terms still remain sec
ret. The Big Three gave these
reasons for their concern about
Italy: she was the first to break
with Nazi Germany "to whose
defeat she has materially con
tributed": she has now joined
the allies in the struggle against
Japan: she has freed herself
from the fascist regime and is
making good progress toward re
establishment of a democratic
government.
BLOCKADES JAP
IE
All Major Harbors Sown
With Mines Typhoons
Add Woe for Millions
Guam, Aug. 3 (U.R) The re
lentless air offensive against Ja
pan thundered around the clock
today and the 20th air force an
nounced that B-29s have com
pletely blockaded shipping be
tween the Japanese home islands
and continental Asia.
Every harbor of any conse
quence on the Japanese home
land has been sown with mines,
the 20th air force reported, as
has every harbor from Korea
to the Soviet-Manchukuo border.
Many Ships Sunk
Many hundreds of thousands
of tons of Japanese shipping
have been sunk by these mines
and reports from Okinawa said
that the 10,000,000 Japanese on
Kyushu were threatened with
additional disaster as typhoons
lashed the China sea, further iso
lating Japan from vital main
land supplies.
Progressive disintegration of
the Japanese homeland was in
tensified by attacks on rail trans
portation which began to sever
the vital arteries on which Jap
anese cities depend for food and
Japanese war industries depend
for shipment of supplies.
The B-29 mine-laying program
was described as "the greatest
in history" and a spokesman said
that "there are now no major
shipping ports or harbors re
maining that offer safety to Jap
anese shipping."
. Assault Goes On
Radio Tokyo reported that 100
American fighter-bombers car
ried forward the relentless as
sault, shooting up military tar
gets in the greater Tokyo area
only a few hours after Manila
and Guam communiques tallied
up the results of three more at
tacks on the Japanese islands.
In the Tokyo area on Monday
carrier planes of the 3rd fleet
destroyed or damaged 278 Jap
anese planes and 116 ships, in
cluding 33 warships.
In the Kobe-Nagoya area on
Thursday 139 Iwo-based Mus
tangs damaged 14 enemy ships,
knocked out three aircraft and
blasted installations at the Oka
zaki, Meiji, Kiyosu, Komaki and
Kokogawa airfields without loss.
Nagasaki Hit
At Nagasaki on Wednesday
250 Okinawa-based planes sank
10 enemy ships and wrecked
drydocks, shipyards, railway
yards, and harbor installations
without loss.
Admiral William F. Halsey's
3rd fleet remained under a se
curity blackout clamped down
after Monday's carrier-plane raid
on the Tokyo area. The final
tally for that attack showed four
warships and 20 merchantmen
sunk, 33 warships and 59 mer
chantmen damaged, 124 enemy
planes destroyed and 154 dam
aged. Diamonds have been found In
placer gravels and placer mines
in Amador, Butte. El Dorado,
and Plumas Counties.
Germans Learn Penalty For Crimes;
Must Give Up Land and Industries
Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R) I
Germans knew their fate today;
they must "atone for the terrible
crimes" of Nazism.
They also knew the way they
must travel to national salvation;
if they follow it, "it will be pos
sible for them in due course to
take their place among the fiee
and peaceful peoples of the
world." I
The fate and the way were set
forth in detail by the Big Three j
at Potsdam. President Trunwn, '
Generalissimo Stalin and Prime!
Minister Clement Attlee told the j
Germans that: j
1- By their crimes against i
civilization they have "made j
chaos and suffering inevitable"
for the Reich.
2. They must give up rich j
sections of their homeland, and !
all industry "that could be used (
for military production."
3. Reparations will strip
them of all industrial equipment
except the bare minimum neces
sary with the aid of agriculture ;
to maintain their economy on .
a subsistence level.
4. They will never so long
as Russia. Great Britain and the
United States call the turn j
make another airplane, fashion j
another buzz-bomb or rocket or!
build another sea-going ship of
any kind- I
LAVAL JEERED IN
T
OF VICHYLEADER
Former Official Said to Pro
claim End of Republican
France As Paper Signed
Paris, Aug. 3 (U.R) Pierre
Laval was charged today with
exclaiming "There goes the re
public" when he affixed his
signature at Vichy to the new
French constitution-
In a ' dramatic interpellation
of Laval's own testimony in the
trial of Marshal Henri Philippe
Petain on a charge of treason the
man who was called France's
"Evil Genius" was said to have
proclaimed the end of Republi
can France when he signed the
constitutional documents.
Laval, fire flashing from his
dark eyes, angrily turned on his
accuser, Pierre De La Pomer
aye, former secretary general of
the French senate:
. Not Fascist
"I am not a Fascist," he shout
ed in a cracked voice. "I am not
a Nazi. I love the republic."
The court room rocked with
sardonic laughter.
Enraged, Laval turned to the
spectators and shouted:
"You can laugh!"
Laval insisted he did not re
member making any such re
mark but Pomeraye insisted that
he ''had sat at the table in the
hall of the Majestic hotel In
Vichy where Laval signed the
three acts of the constitution.
"As you signed them," Pomer
aye said solemnly, "You said:
'There goes the republicl' "
Peace Motive
The charg e that Laval had
signed the constitution in full
knowledge that he was affixing
his name to the death warrant
of the third republic came in the
midst of a lengthy story by Laval
of his pre-war diplomatic man
euver! ivjs wuloji he iusisted was
motivated by a desire for
"peace."
CHAOS IN REICH
Washington, Aug. 3 (U.R)
German economy, local civil gov
ernment and health and sanita
tion are gradually but steadily
being restored in the U. S. zone
of occupation, the War depart
ment said today in a report re
ceived from Europe. The de
tailed report said Germans were
proving cooperative.
The report indicated:
Food is a primary concern. Al
lied displaced persons through
priorities are receiving 2,000
calorie daily diets- Lack of
transportation and power for
creameries prevent an adequate
butter supply.
Farmer prisoners of war and
Wehrmacht horses have been re
leased for agriculture and 90 to
100 per cent of normal acreage
has been planted, though plant
ings were late.
5. They will be denazified
and demilitarized for keeps, and
their cartels, syndicates and
trusts broken up.
6. They will be restricted to
a standard of living no better
than the average in the countries
of Europe they devastated and
plundered.
7. They will be made to rea
lize that they have "suffered a
total military defeat" and that
they "cannot escape responsi
bility" for their plight.
8. For as long as it takes
them to learn the ways of demo
cracy and peace, they will be
subject to rigid Allied control of
their political, economic, indus
trial, scientific, judicial, legal
and educational institutions-
"It is not the Intention of the
Allies to destroy or enslave the
German people," the Big Three
said. "It is the intention of the
Allies that the German people
be given the opportunity to pre
pare for the eventual reconstruc
tion of their life on a democratic
and peaceful basis,"
To this end the Allies will
strive to restore democratic local
government, democratic political
parties, free trade unions and
"subject to the necessity for
maintaining military security"
freedom of speech, press and religion.
ww n in nnn rm mp
IV I YVr f f'Til'tJ M
&M-ittmum ill mwtm ii mMlMk -.A -
IN I IF.U OF ELABORATE CODIIT FUNCTIONS. King Ooo'rge VI shakes hand of President Truman
aboard British battle cruiser Renown, at Plymouth, Ennland, whore U. 8. chief executive lunches with King
below TrXnina to , Washington following close of big Three conference. Bailors ibackground) pipe President
aboard.
Portland, Ore., Aug. 3 (Un
consolidated Timber Company's
sawmill near Glenwood was
threatened again today in the
Wilson river sector of Oregon's
three weoks old forest fire.
New flare-ups of burning snags
menaced the mill and 60-home
village and a backfire on the
north side of the Wilson river
highway has been set up to pro
vide a bare area of protection.
Fire lines protecting the For
est Grove watershed were hold
ing today with the exception of
a quarter-mile finger snaking
into the Soda Springs-Cherry
Grove sector.
Spot Fires Danger
Dangerous spot fires are still
burning in the coast range be
tween the Middle and South
Forks of the Salmonbcrry river,
running parallel to the Wolf
Creek highway. A few loggers
from camps in the vicinity are
fighting the flumes without bene
fit of radio or telephone com
munication. Fire trails protecting Cochran
were connected Thursday, giv
ing the town added security, al
though flumes In some places are
only a mile away.
Fire fighters lost nearly all
the fire trail won earlier in the
work near Ilcnibre ridge at the
southern tip of the Wilson river
fire on the Jordan Creek front.
More equipment was rushed to
the fire scene this morning.
Need More Help
An appeal for even more
troops was made to help hold
uncontrolled fires in the north
ern sector from the Nchalcm up
Into southern Clatsop county.
One .-ipot fire believed carried i
by winds from the Salmonbcrry
Into southern Clatsop county has ;
covered an estimated 800 acres.
Farther south, fire is burning
only a mile from Wakefield near
the railroad line down the Ne
halem. Shoe Rationing May
End in Two Months
New York, Aug. 3 lU.Ri
Trade quurters believe that shoe
rationing will be lilted within
the next two or three months,
the National Shoe Retailers' as
sociation said today.
Reporting that during the past
month military cutbacks have re
vised drastically the entire sup
ply picture, the association said
that approximately 26,000,000
pairs of ration type shoes should
be produced monthly in the last
quarter of this year.
Doolittle Urges Single Commander
For Ground, Sea and Air in Pacific
10th Army Headquarters,
Okinawa, Aug. 3 (U.R) Lt. Gn.
James H. Doolittle, commander
of the eighth air force, called
for the appointment of a single
commander for the Pacific war
in an Army Air Forces Day
speech Wednesday.
He told soldiers of Gen. Jo
seph W. Stilwell's 10th army he
was convinced that' unity of
command through the naming of
a single over-all commander for
ground, sea and air forces was
essential for victory over Japan.
Doolittle's remarks, disclosed
today, made him the first aen
cral officer in the Pacific cam
paign to criticize publicly the
BEEF STEAKS TO
Washington, Aug. 3 'U.R)
Secretary of Agriculture Clinton
p. Anderson today offered civi
lians the cheering news that beef
steaks and roasts arc "coming
back" this fall and winter.
Writing In the current issue
of American Magazine, Anderson
said there should be "appreci
ably more" beef on the market
en,,,, lit IIl-IoH nrncitnrl. fit ill.
creased production, cut-backs in
milllarv nurehasP. and better
distribution as the reasons.
"Your butcher should be back
at work this fall and winter,"
he said.
Anderson warned, however,
that the outlook for other foods
is not so bright.
"As things look now,1' he said,
"We're going to be short of eggs,
pork, lard, butter, sugar and
even soap, as well as chickens,
until the spring of 1048 at least."
MRS. TAMAR D. KERSHAW
IS SUMMONED BY DEATH
Mrs. Tamar D. Kershaw, wife
of P. W. Kershaw, passed away
in a local hospital this morning.
She was born on Wagner Creek.
the daughter of James F. Greg !
ory and Louise Cochran Gregory '
and had spent her entire life in
this community. 1
Services will be held In the
Conger-Morris Chapel at 3 p. m.i
Monday with the Rev. Harry
Hansen officiating. Interment
will be in lOOF cemetery. A '
complete obituary will appear!
in Sunday's paper. i
More than 6.000 of the total :
48.523 square miles of Louisiana
are water-covered.
raw
1- v'
" " . v
(Acme RailirhTelenholo)
present divided command in
that theater.
Under the present set up,
Gen. Douglas MacArthur com
mands all army forces in the Pa
cific and Admiral Chester W.
Nimitz, all navy forces. Each
has a number of air forces under
his command.
(This dispatch was relayed
through Manila, and presumably
was approved by censors in
MacArthur's command.)
Doolittle said unity of com
mand had proved itself in North
Africa. Sicily and Europe and
added pointedly:
"We had divided command at
Pearl Harbor."
HELD BLAMELESS
21st Army Group Headquar
ters, Germany, Aug. 3 U.R
Alois Hitler, half-brother of
Adolf, has been given a clean
bill of health by British security
authorities and released from
custody, It was announced today.
Alois Hitler was not associated
with Adolf and was blameless
for German war crimes, the Brit
ish announced. They said he had
n. arrested almost a
, B in the Hamburg area
month
He was absolutely scared
stiff of being associated with the
fuehrer's activities In any way,"
a British statement said.
Alois Hitler had fled to Ham
burg ahead of the Russians from
Berlin, where he kept an obscure
tavern in a working class dis
trict. Hollywood, Aug. 3 (U.R)
Lima Turner, the sweater-girl
screen star, has reported to po
lice the loss of a diamond brooch
worth $35,000.
By The Side Of The Rogue
By Dale Vincent
There are a number of "humming-bird mollis" which work
our flower beds at night, and knowing very little about these
nocturnal insects, we decided lo tap the next one that visited us
gcntlv on the head with a fly swatter in the name of science.
We spotted one working the petunias and made a gentle but
firm swing, the flower wilted under the blow, but the moth had
moved to another. Two more strokes, and the damage to the
flowers mounted, but the moth was still one move ahead. Then
ho flew to our big porch light and started circling, as I swung
twice more
Getting tired of this horseplay, we reached for the broom
One husky two-fisted swing a loud report followed by a blind
ing flash silence and total darkness. The broom had connecieo.
with the porch wiring system. Standing in the darkness, draped
j with electrical apparatus, wc heard the dull hum of the moth ai
1 he departed up-river.
E
t:
Construction to Await War
End First Option on
Property Exercised Today
O f f i c i al announcement of
plans to erect a retail store in
Medford for the Sears Roebuck
merchandising chain was mada
today by Mark Goldy, acting in
connection with Guy E. Stevens,
Seattle realty broker. Options
on six pieces of property, cover
ing 250 feet of frontage on S.
Central avenue and approxim
ately 300 feet on Riverside
avenue, and affording a plot
through the entire block, was
taken last September by Stev
ens, who did not then disclose
the name of the principal for
whom he was acting. Public
interest was aroused at that
time, and speculation as to pos
sible Intended uses of the pro
perty varied from the Scars
Roebuck store or other large
merchandising concern to the
possibility of another bus line
terminal.
Today's announcement Is the
first authentic disclosure ' of
plans to utilize the property,
and came with the exercising of
the first option, on the apart
ment house owned by Mrs.
Mabel C. Hall, located at 315 S.
Central avenue. Goldy says
that the action taken today in
dicates other options will be ex
ercised in the course of time.
Other options are all dated
alike, but the apartment house
option apparently expired earl
ier. Total price called for in the
options was not disclosed.
Development of the new
building will depend entirely on
the progress of the war, accord
ing to Goldy. Tenants now
occupying the houses on which
the options are held will be giv
en DO days notice, as provided
under OPA rules, for vacating
before the demolishing or mov
ing of houses starts. No activity
will take place prior to Jan. 1,
1946, he added.
Present plans call for con
struction of a large retail Scars
Roebuck store with parking
facilities, but no architect plans
have been drawn up as yet. The
construction will require closing
of a short portion of the alley
running north and south
through the block Just south of
Ninth street. A portion of the
Sears Roebuck property will be
given by the company for a",
alley running east and west
from the closed portion of a
Riverside avenue outlet. An
cast west alley now affords ac
ccs to Central avenue.
Hollywood, Aug. 3 (U.R)
Actress Clautlcttc Colbert, today
proposed a special academy
award for child movie stars,
whose acting she said frequently
put the grownups in their pic
tures to shame.
BASEBALL'
National
Brooklyn 5 8 1
Boston 1 1 1
Gregg and Dantlno; Tobin and
Masi-