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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 9, 1932)
ail Tribune The Weather Forecast : Tonliht and Saturday fair. Continued cold. Temperature. Highest juterdaj . M Lowest tbll morning., , 10 Paid-Up Circulation People who pay tor their newspapers are the beat prospects tor the adt ar tisan, k. B. O. circulation la paid up circulation. This newspaper la . B. o. EDFORD MEDFOKU, OREGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1932. Twenty-Seventh Year No. 222. nrn UUM M M o SMEB X . . , 1 Comment on the Day's News By IBANK JENKINS WOOL GROWERS ot Oregon, gath ered at their 38th annual can Tentlon, go on record overwhelmingly In favor of a retail sales tax aa the best way to meet the fir -metal prob lem that la facing fee state of Ore goa. Walter M. Flore, former governor and newly-elected congressman from Eastern Orefron. dissents. Be thinks the sales tax la wrong. MH R. PIERCE, you may remember, was elected governor on an economy platform. One of hi cam paign devices, when appearing before audiences, was to tear a tax receipt in two, thus auggestlng dramatically that If elected governor he would cut taxes In half. He DIDN'T. If thla writer's mem' orv la accurate, he dldnt reduce taxes at all. am. PIERCE favors a severance 1V1 tax, or yield tax, on timber That la to say. he favors taxing tim ber only when it Is CUT. He told the wool growers the other day that levying against timber when it Is cut, and NOT UNTO. THEN, la fee only Just tax for timber owners. He bad that same Idea when he wa governor. ET'S see bow such a tax would JLi work under existing conditions, Under a severance tax, or yield tax, only the timber that la CUT would yield revenue, the vast bodies of timber standing UNCUT paying no tax at all that la, If the yield tax were the only tax levied against timber. At present and the emergency we are facing Is a PRESENT one very little timber Is being cut. rlB cold, plain fact Is that If we were to change our method of taxing timber from the general prop erty tax to the yield tax which, as . already stated. Is a tax only on that timber which la cut every county In Oregon would be bankrupt. No practical person denies that for a moment. Even timber owners, who In the present emergency would be enormously benefited by a change from the general property tax to a yield tax. realize that auch a change couldn't be brought about at once without ruining the state. HHHE yield tax Is sound In THEORY. X Timber Is a crop. It yields return to Its owner only when It is harvested. The burden of paying property tax on timber every year, In spite of the fact that It brings In revenue to Its owner only w,hen It Is cut, la seriously hampering our Brest lumber Industry. Unless this burden Is lightened, the Industry may be destroyed. J) But practical minds realize clearly that we can't do away with the property tax all at once, taxing tim bar only when It la cut. without wrecking the whole atructure of gov' emment In Oregon. nnHE oolnt la that Mr. Pierce 1 HASN'T a practical mind. Since he Is long on theory and short on practice, he opposes a salea tax because THEORETICALLY the salea tax levies on the poor man at the same RATE aa the rich man although, of course, the poor man pays far less than the rich man, be cause he SPENDS LESS. He cterlcoks entirely the fact that in the present emergency, when the property tax falls down because property Isn't producing revenue enough to enable its owner to pay . his taxes and w.hen the Income tax " la seriously handicapped as a reve nue producer by LACK OP INCOMES, the sslea tax offers a way out of the woods. THIS writer, also, has opposed the 1 salea tax In principle In the past. But, borrowing an old expression we are facing now not a theory but a CONDITIO: The condition thla; Property tsxpayera are letting their taxes go to an alarming extent. The Income tax I fallng aa an aie quate revenue producer through lack of net Incomes Aa a result, the state, the coun ties, the cities, the school districts every unit of government, In feet, for the nation can be added to the list are running heavily behind. (Continued on Page Ten) WASHINGTON, Dec. 9. (AP) The senate thla afternoon adopted amendment to the Hawes-Cuttlni Philippine Independence bill provid ing lor total exclusion ot Fillplr.ee from the United States, instead ot allowing an annual quota of 100, REORGANIZATION PLANNED FOR 58 E 5 Independent Agencies of Government Weeded Out Effective in 60 Days Unless Congress Balks WASHINGTON. Dec. S. (AP) President Hoover'a orders for reorgan lzatlon and consolidation of govern' ment activities. Issued today will, un less congress Intervenes, go hito effect on February 8 of next year, barely more than three week bemie ne turns ever the government to Frank lin D. Roosevelt. Congress has retained the authority within the intervening sixty days to approve the executive orders and thus put them Into Immediate effect, or suspend them entirely by passage of an appropriate resolution, or alter them by passing consolidating legis lation of Its own. WASHINGTON, Dec. 9. (AP) In bulky message, President Hoover today placed before congress a series of recommendations for partially re organizing the federal government by reshaping 58 executive branches In new pattern and reducing the number of Independent agencies by fifteen. The maze of proposals called for no additional offices, but regrouped the duties of four assistant secreta ries In the "little cabinet." The new titles would be assistant secre taries of the Interior for public works; of the Interior for education, health and recreation; or agriculture for land utilization; and of commerce or merchant marine. Consolidated Bureaus Under them would be consolidated agencies and bureaus now spread throughout the government, although aften conducting similar work. Simultaneously with the outlining or this Interwoven plan, the presl dent submitted 11 executive . orders for carrying It into -effect, if no. congressional objection Is raised within 60 days the reorganization will go forward as proposed. Senators and representatives of both parties were chary at Immediate formal comment ponding study of the message. There was early specu' latlon, however, that some block might be plaoed In the path of the president's plan by Democratic lead era, particularly In view of Vie re cent announcement by President elect Roosevelt that he intended call ing In experts for a pre-inauguratlon study designed to produce a reor ganization plan of his own. Would Group Patrols In addition to the consolidation under the four new titles, the presi dent contemplated other groupings, such as the consolidation Into the coast guard of the border patrol of the labor department's Immigration service, and the border patrol of the treasury department's customs serv ice. The weather bureau of the depart ment of agriculture would be shifted to the department of commerce. while the powers and duties of the federal oil conservation board would (Continued on Page Ten) E ISTANBUL (AP) A plebiscite conducted by the semi-official dally DJumhurlet shows that Istanbul readers favor changing the Moslem day of rest from Friday to Sunday. Turkish merchants and bankers are urging the Angora parliament to put through this reform, which would break the new Turkey's last link with the old Moslem world. At present Turkey actually has only three full working days a week. On Sunday her Christian subjects lsy off, on Friday the Moslems and on Saturday the Jews. Nobody likes to make any Important deal on Tues day, which is considered a bad luck day. The superstition comes from the fact that It wss on a Tuesday that Constantinople fell to the Moslem in vaders In 1453. Curiously, the Moslem Turks have Imbibed the Tuesday com plex from descendants of the con quered Byzantines. HORTICULTURAL MEET SALEM. Dec. 9. (AP) The state horticulture society chose Medford for Its meeting place next year and elected W. Carlton of Central Point president, at the group's business ses sion here late pester day. noyd Nunamaker of Hood River was elected vk-e-president and O. T. McWhorter of Corvallls eecretsry treasurer. The convention was scheduled to close today with a number of tree expert speaking. To Press Wine Bill viiiiiitt Rep. Clarence F. Lea of Caltfor fornia said he would Introduce legislation In congress to legalize light wines and would press for Its approval before the ways and means committee. (Associated Press Photo) F AS MERCURY HITS TEN ABOVE ZERO Ten degrees above zero was the minimum temperature recorded for Medford this morning by the local branch of the U. 8. weather bureau, between the hours of 5:40 and 7:45 o'clock, the coldest here since Jan uary 16, 1930, when a minimum of 3 degrees was listed. At toe time the lowest tempera ture was reached today the sun was shining brilliantly. The maximum for the day was recorded at 11:40, when the point struck 24 . degrees. At 1:15 it had receded one marker and was the same at 3:30. Some of the remaining snow and Ice on the streets and vacant lots was melting early in the afternoon. A report brought back from the Slsklyous by the state pollc patrol stated - that the thermomet e regis tered 8 below zero on the mountain at 10 o'clock. Some of the snow had melted end then frozen Into a thin sheet of ice on a major part of the mountain highway. Chains are not necessary to make the trip, according. to the officer, but are advisable. The state high way department has kept the high way cleared on the more dangerous curves, adding to the safety of travel, Eight degrees above zero was re ported In Aahland this morning and a minimum of 13 degrees above at the Southern Oregon experiment sta tion located At Talent. Today's extreme cold snap brought forth statistics on previous spells of extreme weather In the Rogue River valley, with the coldest on the fed eral bureau's records listed on De cember 13, 1010. whim 10 degrees below zero was reached and the fol lowing day 0 below. December IS and 10, 1924, 0 above was recorded, the sam eas on January 10, 1023. SAFEWAY STORES PLAN EXPANSION NEW YORK, Dec. 9. (AP) Direc tors of the Safeway Stores Corp.. de clared a quarterly dividend of 75 cents a common share today, reduc ing the disbursement on the stock from a $3 to (3 annual basis. M. B. Skagit, president, said: "It was felt that the corporation, by spending large suma In Improve ments and In the opening of addi tional outlets, would make a con structive contribution toward the restoration of better business condi tions and the relief of unemployment In the territory In which It operates." BEND, Ore., Dec. fl. (AP) The sdage beginning "It's an ill wind," had a new ling of truth today for MIrs Marlon Bowen of Bend. The Deschutes county social work er fell unconscious to the floor of her closed gar.ige, overcome by fumes from a running motor. An icy gale, suddenly whipping Into the fury of a tempest, banged open one cf .lie doom. The woman was revived by the chill wind. LEAVENWORTH ESCAPE ADDS TWENTY YEARS KANSAS CITY. Dec. . fAP) Harold Fontaine was sentenced todsy to serve 20 veara In a federal peni tentiary upon his conviction yester - day on a charge of asssult with Intent to kill, growing out of the Leaven worth prison break t year ago, AIO FOR VEIS NOT DISABLEDBY DUTY Administrator Tells Commit teemen No Warrant for Compensation in Non Service Connected Cases! WASHINGTON. Dec. 0. (AP) 1 Frank T. Hlnes. veterans' administra tor, today told a joint congressional committee he could "see no reason able Justification" for a veteran whose disabilities are not connected with service duty "applying to his government for aid when he Is able to provide for himself. The first witness to appear before the group studying all veterans legis lation and possible economies, Hlnes made his statement before a room crowded with representatives of vete rans organizations opposing any changes In existing laws. National Policy Tendered. He put before the committee a na tional policy of veterans' relief, resting on equality in benefits', consideration of the degree of disability, and fi nancial need for government aid. The policy, Hlnes continued, should extend aid first to those having dis abilities incurred In or aggravated by military service. Second," he continued, "to those who, while not suffering from dis ability directly attributable to mili tary service, have become through age or disability, unable to carry on for themselves. Undermining Citizenship. "If we lend countenance to the Idea (Continued on Page Ten) LODGE LOTTERY NHV7 YORK, Dee. fl. (JP) Conrad H. Mann, president of the Ksnsss City chamber of commerce, was sen tenced today to serve five montha Imprisonment and pay a fine of aia,- 000 for violation of the federal lottery laws In connection with "frolics" of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. Prank E. Herlng, who was editor of the Eaglea' magazine, was sen tenced to four months' imprisonment and fined $4,000. Bernard C. McOulre, one of the promoters, was sentenced to serve l year and a day and was fined $12,000, Mann, auditor and past president of the Eagles, was sentenced to five months on each of two counts, the sentences to run concurrently. SIAGG SEEKS COACH POSITION ON COAST STOCKTON, Cal., Dec. 9. m Amos Alonzo fltagg, football coach at the University of Chicago for 40 years, Is a candidate for a coaching position at the college of Pacific, it became known here today. Dr. Tully C. Knowls, president, said "We have received a telegram from Stagg asking for consideration, and stating that a letter would follow." Medford Boys and Girls Set New School Record In Spite of Depression Medford boys and girls still wnt an education, and are going to get It, depression or none. Their character-: latlc ambition to gain knowledge has not been seriously hampered by hard times, according to report from the city school offices, made today fol lowing a thorough survey of the 1932-33 census report. A larger percent of th Medford young people are attending school this year than were attending two years ago. or three years ag". n f inures show. The school cens.is, which is a thor- j ough count of all persons between the ages of four and 20 years, memoes the regular grades from four to 20. and allows for kindergarten In case such may be mtalntalned. Of the total number of 3420 per sons within theie ages In Medford, 784 per e?nt are attending school this year, as compared with 74 3 per cent two yesrs ago and 74.1 per cent three years ago. Although the total numeration for the district Is about 1 three pr cent less than last year, i there are more pupils than ever I fort attending school. 1 The census snows, however, a smaller Newsie Refuses Mayor Credit on Paper For Day PHILADELPHIA. Dec. 9. (AP) J. Hampton Moore Is mayor, but to a certain newspaper boy he's Just another customer. The mayor, hurrying into city hall, ordered a newspaper from the young newsticlan. Then he fum bled In his pockets, failed to find any funds, clutched the paper and dashed toward his office, saying: "I'll pay you tomorrow." "No. you don't," objected the boy. grabbing the paper. "That's the mayor," somebody whispered to him. "Oh, yeah." said the lad. holding tightly to his paper. He held on. too, until a police man produced the two cents. STATEWIDE CHILL PORTLAND, Ore., Deo. . VP) Cold weather, with east and north east winds adding sharpness and bit terness to extreme chill temperatures, continued In prospect over the Ore gon country today. The cold wave that now envelopes the Pacific north west has shown no Indication of breaking. Temperatures retreated runner in many cities and towns of Oregon during the night, with the town of Meacham at the top or ins diu mountains In eastern Oregon, leading off on the weather toboggan slide, with a minimum of 38 degrees below zero. At Enterprise it was iu dctow. Showing that oold break la state wide, eitreme cold resulted m tne freezing over of upper Klamath lake. Klamath Palls' minimum for the nUht waa 6 degreea below zero. Che mult, nearby, had a minimum oi iu below. .... Roseburg, with a low of above, experienced the coldest weather m ; vears. . At crane Prairie In central Oregon, the mercury skidded to 17 below, and at Crescent It waa three degrees nnlder. Kind had a minimum of 7 degreea below. Other Oregon minimum tempera tures included Pendleton, 5 below; Laplne, 14 below; Eugene, above; Baker. 13 below: Medford, 13 above; Marshfleld, 30 above; Portland, in above: Wolf creek. 8 above; Salem, 13 above, and Albany, 14 above. Snnkane had a minimum of above; Seattle, 30 above, and Walla Walla, 3 degrees above zero. a- FAST FOR THIS ONE COLUMBUS. W) Leslie Lovass Is one who can testify to the offlclency of the American "melting pot." Bom In Hungary, he came to thla oountry 11 years sgo, unsble to either read or write English. Now Mill gradu ate assistant In economics and an honor student at Ohio State univer sity, and has been an editor of for eign language and English newspa- ners. a banker and a United States postmaster In a small town In Ken tucky. Veterans nie PORTLAND. Ore.. Dee. 9. (AP) William R. Smith of Klamath rails and Elwln Lloyd Hansen of McMlnn vine died today at the Portland Veterans' hospital. number of pre-scbool children thsn there were three yeara ago. This year the percentage Is 80 aa compared with 11.0 for 1930-30. Of the total number of 8420 persons enumerated In the school census this year, 0.9 per oent are pre-achool children; M 0 cent are In public schools outside of Medford: 3.7 per cent are in private or parochial schools: 3 3 per cent In colleges and technical schools: U per cen are In public schools outside the city, and 14.7 per cent are out of school, having for the most part rul filled the requirements by being graduated from the high school or the eighth grade Of the total oensua, 3S.4 per cen are In the elementary grades, which la the same proportion as last year; 17.4 per cent are In the Junior high about one per cent more than last year: and 13.1 per cent are In Senior high, which Is practically the same as last year. Fifteen mors are at tending colleges, normals, naval acad emies and technical courses this year than last year, a gain of almost on per cent. In spile of economic condl tlona. One hundred ten are attend- I (Continued oa Fag Etovaul WARNED TO LEAVE CONGRESS ALONE Brewers and Distillers Injur ing Cause of Repeal by Washington Activities, De clares Rep. LaGuardia WASHINGTON, Deo. 8. (AP) Representative La Guard la. one of the most persistent opponents of na tional prohibition, testified in the house ways and means committee beer hearing this afternoon that "the quicker the brewers and distillers get out and stay out of Washington." the better off the antl-prohlbltlon movement would be. The stock New York: Republican, appearing after Chairman Collier had told newspaper men -he believed the committee soon would approve a beer bill, turned to face the crowded au dience at the hearing and said: "There is one thing you must un derstand. That thla bill is not being considered with a view to enhancing the profits of the distillers and brew ers. "The distillers and brewers are up to their old activities which brought about prohibition. Brewers and distillers have no right to draft a bill to modify the Volstead law," declared La Guard la, while many In the room sat up snd took notice. Representative Rainey of Illinois, the Democratic floor leader. Inter rupted La Guardla at one point to say: "The brewers and distillers are all here at the Invitation of the commit tee." I know It," La Guardla shouted again, "and they haven't any right to help congress draft any bill dealing with liquor. I want to advise the wets right now that If this bill becomes a law and abuse results, the 18th amend' ment will never be repealed." FREIGHTS PERIL FRUIIJPSTRY PORTLAND. Ore., Deo. ft. (AP) A probable increase In car requirements for the-movement of fir lumber pro ducts during the first quarter of 1933, as compared with the first quarter of this year, was predicted here today by W. B. Greeley, secretary-manager of the West Coast Lumbermen's association. Greeley met with the Pacific north west railroad advisory board today. The meeting was attended by about 37S railroad men and shippers and was presided over by J. A. Swalwell of Seattle, president, with Paul A. Scherer of Medford, executive secre tary. Reporting for the fresh fruits in dustry, B. A. Perhsm pleaded for reduced freight rates If the Industry is to be saved from disaster. He said that during the past two or three years growers have received less for their fruit than they paid for pro duction. J PAY THREATENED SALEM, Dee. 0. p . tt funds to the amount of 9110,000 for ex tension work used to match county funds In the employment of agricul tural agnts are Included In the con tinuing appropriations for state In tel tut ions of higher learning, which the budget department is recommend ing the legislature eliminate, it was revealed here today. In an announcement yesterday the budget department stated It would recommend repeal of 108.fl0d con tinuing appropriations for tlvs state board of higher education. If this recommendation Is carried out, In ad dition to eliminating funds for coun ty agent work in various counties. It would likewise result in the closing of eight experiment stations, unless money now being used for other edu cational purposes Is diverted to that use. School Districts Submit Budgets Two more Jackson county school districts today filed their school bud- gets for the coming year. The Lau rel hurut district submitted a budget for 9140, and the Rogue River dis trict for $8044 35. There are 101 school districts In the county, and two-thirds of the number have submitted budget requirements to date for the coming year. First Citizen. PORTLAND, Ore., Dec. ".(AP) Raymond B. Wilcox, financier, was today designated by the Portland realty board as Portland's "first citi zen." The award la made annually. Wilcox, former president of the cham ber of commerce here, and a student of foreign trade, manages the Wilcox estate and Is president of Wilcox Hayes company. Confesses Slaying ill Sr BUi John Eichorst, 53-year-old farm er of Ladysmith, Wis., confessed he beat his 33-year-old wife to death with a shovel and fork In their barnyard. (Associated Press Photo) State police were advised this morning that the trio of alleged transient bunco artists who last Aug- ust are said to have attempted to swindle several residents of this city and southern Oregon counties, out of California Water Service Co., and Coos Bay Water Bonds, are held in custody at Mary svl lie, Calif. - The men are: Joseph G. Bass, Lord Stewart and Raymond W. Brune, They were captured through the efforts of the southern Oregon branch of the Oregon state police, on their trail since their hurried departure on the eve of capture four months ago. The bond swindlers are charged with attempting to secure possession of valuable negotiable paper, through tne medium or bogus checks Issued on the Pacific-Washington National bank of San Francisco. The method of the gang, according to the state police, was to approach a holder of bonds, with a proposition to buy at an attractive figure. An agreement would be made to complete the sale the next day. In a few hours the bondholder would receive a telephone message stating the bond buyer had been un expectedly called away, but that a messenger would come with a certi fied ch?ck for the bonds and request ing delivery of the same. In all cases reported In this city, the bondholders became suspicious and refused to deliver to the messon ger. Among those approached here were Mr, and Mrs. S. Sumpter Smith. The same methods were used with B. O. Kellett of Grants Pass. Kollett kept the M45 bogus check, prof fered for the bonds, but refused to deliver them. The check was later used as evidence. According to the state police rec ords, Dr. H. C. Churoh of Roseburg, rror. English, superintendent of schools at Myrtle Creek, and a num- oer or people at Eugene, were ap proached. At fugene, the buncolsti endeavored to operate through the First National hank of that city. , The asserted confidence men will be brought back to this state for trial, In all probability. It was learn ed today that they are wanted in Washington and Idaho for alleged swindling attempts. The three men, according to state police were smooth and suave with a keen knowledge of bonds, banking and business methods. They were well dressed and extremely courteous. They left the Impression with their prospective victims, they were extend ing them a high favor in the pur chase of the bonds. E WASHINGTON, Dec. 9. (AP) Be fore President Hoover and congress today were laid demands tor a I5O0, 000.000 federal ftmd for distressed farmers the program of the National Farmers Relief conference. A delegation ot five, Including one negro, went to the White House to rend its program to the chief execu tive. A group of 15 went to the caplto!, split into groups and pre sented lengthy petitions to Vice President Curtis and Speaker Oarner, Curtis laid the plea before the aenat snd Representative Howard (D., Neb.) read it to the house. The White House group included one ove railed farmer and two in khaki trousers. Mr. Hoover shook hand with all. WALL STREET IS Ne1" York Fears Serious Domestic Trouble If Debts Cancelled British Debt Note Shocks President By 4AM KS McMtXUN Copyright by McCltire Newspaper Syndicate NEW YORK, Dee. 6 POLICY: In formed New York accepts as sound the reason for Congressional stub bornness about the debts. Any con cessions to the foreign nations would let down the flood gates for a tor rent of bonus and the dole proposi tions. Advocates of printing press currency are alert for an opportunity to strengthen their case and va might find sound money sold down the river overnight. Congressmen could hardly sell the home folks the Idea that Europeans have a better right to favors from the Treasury than Americans. Their response might take an ugly form. Rather than run this risk men rf judgment here would prefer to see a chance taken on the results of a pay or default policy on the debts. DEBTS: A New York bank with Paris connections hears that a pri vate agreement after Laussnne was responsible for the Joint presentation of the debt ease by England and France. It was against the better Judgment of a majority of the Brit ish cabinet. This same agreement mar now compel the Herrlott ministry to try to arrange French payment of the December 13th Installment If England has to pay. But the dope rum further that Herrlott cannot get away with It and that his Ministry Is likely to collapse In the crisis. This may give France out. If she has no responalbl (Continued on Page Three) TO AT HIGH SCHOOL FIESTA TONIGHT The stage Is alt set for the annual Medford high school carnival to be held at the senior high school to night snd an evening of hilarious entertainment Is promised the public. The name of Medford's queen, which ,has been concealed since the final counting of votes, will be announced In "The Yellow Tiger," which will be on sale at the carnival. The coronation of the chosen beauty will be one of the outstand ing features of the evening, and townspeople as well as students are eagerly awaiting news of the winner. A clever vaudeville program with the coronation as Its leading Inter est will be the Initial number on the program, hlc,h promises to consti tute Medford's "bigger and better" carnival. The vaudeville will go on at 7:30 o'clock and will be followed by the carnival proper. A variety of attractions, aimed to please all types of people, will be offered and range from side shows to dancing. While weatner conditions prevent ed holding the regular carnival pa rade, a ballyhoo parade by the high school students Is announced as the gay event of this evening. All townspeople are urged to at tend the carnival tonight and give their support to this annual school activity and are promised an evening of real fun and no waste of time. R.F.C.F WASHINOTOK. Deo. t. (AP) Emergency relief funds totaling WIS. 050 today were roted by the reeon st:uctlon corporation to five states. Cleorgla getting S4950 for Folk county; North Carolina 57 1,000 for ti.s entire state; Kentucky aas.ono for five coun ties; Nevada ais.ooo for waanos county and Oregon eaonn for Harney county. Washoa county. Nevada, rertsd that closing of banks bad contributed largely to the necessity for a loan, county public funds being Impounded. Harney county Oregon, also advanced similar reasons. Emergency relief funds heretofore made available to Oregon totaled 33B.938. KLAMATH PALLS, Ore., Dec. 9. (AP) H. H. Bown and Ills son, Olenn, their boat frowm solid In tha lea of upper Klamath lake, wera rescued and brought home late Thursday by s aearchlng party which found them walking along a power company dike toward shore. 3