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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 9, 1917)
(try lVlEDFORD J FORECAST Ton t jih t ami Tomurmw PAKT1A' I'UHDV WEATHER Maximum Vctt'iilny ;M; Minimum Tol:iy ti. Fgrty-sixth Year. l;tllv- i:i. v-ntli Tf.ir. MKDFOUH. OKKCOX. Tl'KSDAV. .lANTAKY . LI7 0. 1SI17 LAWSON HINTS AT HIGHER-UPS IN LEAK PROBE Broker Refuses to Give Names Unless Promised a Formal Inquiry of the . Stock Exchange Says Over Mil lion Dollars' Profit Made by Higher Dps Through Stock Speculation. v (WASHINGTON', Jnn. 9. The leak investlKation seemed to make lis first progress toward some definite point today when Thomas W. Lawson, after much questioning and urging, promised that should the house or der a formal inquiry lie would dis close the names of the cabinet officer, the senator and the New York broker, who he said a congressman told him, were engaged in a slock gambling partnership and had profit ed through advance information of President Wilson's peace note. To disclose the names to the house rules' committee Lawson repeatedly refused, even when confronted with three separate resolutions to put him In contempt, for two reasons: Jjiwson's Iteasons., First, he contended the rules com tnottec had no power to conduct a thorough investigation. Including one f of tho stock exchange such as he urged and ho would not be assured of an investigation, if he disclosed the liarees. Second, Lawson said, iie consider ed that disclosure of the names at this time would have a disastrous ef fect for the country and the admin istration, in preference to that, he preferred being punished for con tempt of congress. Congressmen questioned, cross-ex-nmined and pleaded in vain with the Hostou financier to give the names of tho informing congressman, the cabi net officer or the senator. Hints nt lllgher-I'ps. "I cannot name the cabinet officer to whom I have referred without mentioning another official of a higher position," said Lawson, "and that would be more serious than if 1 cast a cloud over the entire congress and was sent to jail myself for life." All through his testimony Lawson hinted at names "higher up," but no amount of questioning would bring him down to a definite statement. When the committee recessed for lunch the members seemed to think they had gone as far as they could with Lawson at this stage so they ex cused him as a witness temporarily, but told him to remain within juris diction of the committee until the resolutions putting him In contempt ere disposed of. Wants Kvchnnse Pi-oIknI. At today's hearing Lawsou fronk ly acknowledged he was more inter ested in a congressional investigation of the New lork stock exchange, which would result in remedial legis lation, than he was in investigating the "leak" on President Wilson's peace note. In the course of the dis cussion of the unnamed trio of whom the congressman is said to have spoken. Lawson declared he not only would give a special committee their names, but also tho amounts of money they were supposed to have made from stock transactions. Law son promised to furnish competent testimony. "Will you give their names?-' Chairman Henry asked. "I will go further," said Lnwson. "I will name amounts of money; great amounts of money. Jlorc than ( 1,000,000. " Representative Garrett then de manded that Lawson give the names and when he reiterated his refusal, .Mr. Garrett introduced a motion to compel him to answer. It was laid aside for action with the three pend ing contempt resolutions. TAfTOIA. "iVash., Jan. !. Robert 1'nrd, eolnred, surrendered to County Jailer Jnir.es Ijenk last nc.'ht and ad mitted he had killed Many Ascnt, n barber, in Seattle ln-t. Thiir.-ony Hi-Jit. lie pleaded self-defense, as serting iV.'tit was enniirr.' toward him villi mi open razor whin lie fired. BARUCH DENIES KNOWLEDGE DF WILSON'S NOTE Broker Had No Advance Information Sabin Got Information of Ger man Note in October, Not From U. S. Otto Kahn Denies Connec tion With Leak. WASinXGTOX, Jnn. 9. Tiornnrd Bunuh of Now York rtonied before the house rules committee today that he had any advance information re surdiiiK 1'rcKlileiit Wilson's recent peaco note. Itaruth said he first learned of the president's peace note on the morn ing that it was Issued. At the time of the market flurry, ho said, he had been buying United States Steel. Hml Xo Inl'oiiuntloii. "The thing that affected the mar l;et," said llaruch, "was first Von Itethmann Hollwen's peaco nolo from Ciermany. That was followed by Uoyd-Gcorfie's speech. "I had no information of any na ture from anyone connected directly or indirectly with the administration from any other sources in connection with the president's peace note or Von Beth ma nn-MoU wok's speech until I read of them In the news papers." Baruch was named by tho myster ious "A. Curtis" in a letter to Hep rosentative Wood of Indiana as hav ing profited largely by leak informa tion on the note by selling "short" on I'nited States Steel. Kahlii Testifies. Charles II. Sabin, president of the Guaranty Trust company of New York, went on the stand at the open ing of the afternoon session. lie testified he was in no way connected .with the stock exchange and said he did not know in what connection he was called. "It has been said,' Representa tive Chiperfield told him, "that you called the financial writers of Xew York to your bank and outlined to them that, you felt it your duty to suggest to the country that there were to be negotiations for peace and that you felt they would affect the price of stocks, if there was any thing of that kind suggested, please outline it." "In October I Paid to newspaper men that I had information that tho German government had instructed the president to approach the allies on the subject of peace," said Mr. Sabin. Talked to One Mun Only. "Did you make any statement in (Continued on Pago Three.) E F Field Marshal Vim Maokcn-cn's drive nunin-t the Sereth line in southern Moldavia coniinucs In i;nin 'vii d and the Tent miic thrust imnin-t the Moldavian frontier mountain- in the flunking ripe rat ions now under way likewise is showin:: prog ress. rushing northward from Kokshani, the fortrc-s po-ition captured yester day southwest f the Scrcth and near the renter of tin line, Yon Mnekcn- sen's troop- have driven the liiissians across the 1'iitna and are now hnm incriiisr at a new po.-itiou they have taken i'p there. Further southeast, toward the Ilanulie. the l!u--ians are now liesin nin to yield nin, according to Iier lin, losing another town which the Aust ru-tieniian forces held against coutitcr-uttiiek.s delivered la-t ni.uht. The total of prisoner- taken by the Teutonic armies in the oerations of yc-teiday and the previous day is now reported by Iierlin as approxi mately .Vifi'l together with three ean non and ten machine gun-. White the Russian- are continuing llicir of!'en-ie in the region between Ihin-k and liiva. aloic.' the northern end of the line in Iius-ia, tbey lire niectim,' willi no further succc-s in the i'-mity of the river Aa. On the Finiir"-!'.. luian front there hne been only r:iidin-' opriation iiini ariLMcry due'-. , HOLD ADAMSON MERELY 1 E Railroad Attorney in Argument Be fore Supreme Court Declares That Atlamson Law Is Not Constitution al Regulation by Congress Justice White Interrupts Frequently. WASHINGTON. Jan. n.- The ureal loyal battle over the constitutionality of the Adamson act continued today in the supreme court with both sides freiniently bciny; interrogated from llie bench. The attack of the railroads on the law was practically closed and to morrow the government lawyers will make their final nijjuincnls in its de fense. In presenting the railroads' case. Walker I). Mines, the chief cmni sel. laid stress n the argument that the law is not a constituiiomil regu lation bv congress of interstate eom incrce, but merely a wage-l ixinv statute. Me denied thai congress had the right to fix wages. and that there is no analogy between rate and wage fixing. White Asks Quest ioiLs. Chief Justice White and other jus tices freijiicntly interrupted , him. Justice While's ipiestions were ap parently designed to draw out argu ment regarding the comparative au thority of congress to prescribe wages as well us rates. '('an congress aulhnrizc the inter state commerce commission to fix railroad wages?" asked Justice Day. Mr. Mines replied it was doubtful unless wages were abnormally low and should interfere with Irannporta tion. Asking if the bro! Inn-hoods' wage coat raids were fixed prior to lDlli, Justice Day said: "Shouldn't this court take judicial notice of the fad that there has been a great increase in the cost of living since these wages were fixed?" Ienies Congress Power. Mr. Mines a nsweiVfl that the fact "would tint justify the court in hohl inr llml evil existed which would jus tify congress in exercising a power even if it had that power.'1 'Jf there is no power, there can be nn justification for it s attempted ex ercise, " tiie chief justice observed. '('oni;rc.s has no power to pre cril)e waes hecau.se they have no substantial relation to safety and ef ficiency in this euse,'' replied Jir. Mines. "The direct object was for the ben efit of particular cases,'' he contin ued. "Any el feet on public interest is incidental.'' ''Then you arue that this is a reg ulation of wac;es and of private rela tions between employers and em ployes remote from service.''' asked Justice Pitney. ''It is a most remote regulation of commerce," Mi-. Mines answered. Me added that 'the law would undoubt edly cause increased rates. PRESIDENT TO AID WASHINGTON, Jan. H. Renewed pleas to President Wilson to support tho constitutional amendment for women suffrage were made at the white house today by a delesatfon of 300 members of f ho congressional union for woman suffrage, who pre sent memorials on the recent death of Mrs. Inez Mflliotland Itolssevaiu. The women had arranged for several speeches, hut because of the limited time at the disposal of tho president, instructions were issued at the white house that only one woman could speak. President Wilson told the women he could not understand why more suffragists did not realize that the democratic party was doing more for them than the republican party. He said ho had always done his best for the movement and would continue to do his best. Miss Mary Younger and Mrs. Sarah Uard Kieid, both of San Francisco, spokesmen for the delegation, urged the president to lend Ills support to the pending amendment for suffrage and give up his opposition. The p ret-blent replied lie hjtd not epetifl to listen to an app'-al on thut. FIXING STATU GERARD WELCOMED BY GERMANY ii- 1 s $r,i, g It V f L" r HI UAriE5.W Ambassador (ierurd, who has just returned to Iierlin, lias received a cordial welcome signifying llie change in sentiment toward America since peace proposals were made. STARTS PEACE TALK HKKI.IN'. Jan. !l. - The Uocrsen Zeiliing. Merlin's leading financial or gan, -cies upon the dinner given to Ambassador (ierurd by the American Association of Commerce mid Trade as an opportunily to discuss peace again. It declares that llie banquet had linu-liiil importance and ex presses almost enthusiasm at llie cor dial relalions existing between the I'liited Stales mid llcrinany. as it finds them in the expres.-ions of the speakers. The Salurday evening pa pers declare that (leiniany will wel come every support America may lend lo the peace movement "so long a- it docs not attempt In narrow or foil the aciiii-ition of peace worthy of (icrmanv and the effoils of her fighters." In its comment on the dinner, the I'.ocr-en Zcilung snys that it is nat ural that (icraiany now looks differ ently upon an America "which has recovered from what may be termed its earoii-e over its rich war gains than on an America which (ierinany vainly tried to aron-e lo a sympa thetic undcr-tanding of her situa tion." The paper warn- American-, however. I bat I hey niii-1 not expect the (ieruian people to be deeply iriateful for peace efforts which, it says, are actually in-piivd ,v Amer ica's own ilc-ircs and need- for peace." BOYS LOSE LIFE IN AI.A.MKDA, Tab, Jan. 11. Two bo s were reported drowned, nil t raft inn .-ervji-e ..Ver tll Web-tel- street hride ha- been halted and property valued at more 1 ban one million dollars jeopardized I oday when the northern levee proteeiinu tiie bi;; iiiunic ij : I reclamation project broke on the Oakland cMuary side shortly alii r 1 o'clock this moiniiiL'. Nearly a quarter of a mile of fac tory land is under water, with more (ban "i'Ml men al work trying to repair the damage. A score of lumber yard--, factories, warelii-u-t .- and sim ilar concern-- have been inundated. Mo-t of (hem haw been cut oft from nil communiejitinji with the out-idc world. Thri-e hmi-c h;je been pu-h-cd from their foundations by the llood of ini.d a nd v. ; I cr. No c-tiiuate ha- been plaeed on the damage. The b". tiiotiL'Iit to have been iliovvned. u.-re la-t -cen asleep in an old -bed in ar the Southern Pa cilic tnr f-. uiiih v,as eu'eied lis a d-lu-f of mud. I SALE OF LIQUOR PROHIBITED IN WASHINGTON Sheppart! Prol.ibitibn Bill, Which Al lows Small Importations for Per sonal Use, Passes Senate 55 to 32 Referendum to Voters in District Is Defeated WASHINGTON. J.ui. . - The Shcppard prohibition hj, I'm bidding the sale of into.xicaiinu liquors in tin-Di.-triH nf Ci'lumbiji, hul ullnw inj; small importations lor personal use. passed the senate t'dav, ."."i tn '.1'2. .dvifales nf prohibilinn wmi the fir-t tae i.f llicir lihl tn nuike llie national capital dry ludny when by a tie vole the proposal to siibinit the (iieslion to a referendum of Voters in the dUtrid of Coimubin was InM in the senate. The vtite was lit lo -IX The urea I cm crowd of renut years pacKi'd llie semi l e galleries today lor the debate ami vote on the bill to mnhe the national capital dry. The first bi-r fit lit was on the amendment In submit the question (o the people of the District of Colum bia on n referendum which is support ed by tile liipior interests. The line up on that point was so close that neither side felt secure nf the vole. As the debate opened hundreds of letters and telegrams siiiporlinij or opposing the referendum wen- either read or presented for printing in the record. THAW ARRESTED NKW VOb'K, Jan. !).- Harry K. Thaw was today indicted hy Ihc grand jury on three charges of as saulting Ki'cd (trump. Jr., a hii:h school boy. of Kansas Cily. .Mo. A bench warrant was i-siicd for Thaw's a rrest. Thaw is accused in the indictment found today of enticing (Irunip, It! years old, from hong J leach, (.'at,, to tli is city, and having assaullcd him at n hotel here with a buggy whip on three different oeea-.ioiis. The district attorney soon after the bench warrant lor Thaw's arrest was issued, received a telephone message from Philadelphia saying that (ieorge l' O'llvrnes, described as Thaw's botlyuuard, had been arrested in that cily charged with nidiier and abet tiny, his employer. Marry K. Thaw, twice (tied for the murder of Stanford White and incar cerated (tt Maltcnwnn asylum for the criminal iiiane, obtained his release from thai institution about a ycar ago after long litigation and a sensa tional flight from ihc bo.-pilal. The ii-aidt upon wtiiffi the indie) -ntent i- based is alleged lo haw tajien plai'c Cliri-lmas night. The bo i'led to Kansas City, where he told his- rel atives of his trouble. Prank P. Wnl-ii, a leading lawyer of Kansas City, came to New York and laid the allegations of the boy before District Attorney Swann. The test imony of the boy ami of at -laches of Ihc hold ami others was taken and llie indictment I'f.lluwed. .-non a- !he bcir-h warrant was is sued a detective started with it for Philadelphia, where Thau is said to be now -laying at a hotel. Testimony bmu-jht nut ; Thaw's two trials and dm mi- ttie litigation over his release Hum Alatleawan bad to do with Ihc whipping o young wo men by Tliaw mid elicited in nr. effort o show that Thaw wa- baiic (MAN 10 START IGH1 I.OS AN(ii:i.i:s. C.,1., .Jan. !). - - IJliil Cir(lall. lifculiv -I'llli-ucfil (o inn voai' initii-t.iunrMt lor utau-.-laiiuhlor in iii. I,, i- Au-cli- Tinier ilyniimiliii'.' -f. a -linl ami wa, LTillllril loilav a l.-o, alloll of ii i-i-r-lili'-alcol l i.l.n I)!.- raa-i -l;liii hi--illlinci'. ; i r i . I will lie takoii lo San ijllli lll in nili i, i.u y t ' 1 1 i - lit to liriu hrrvin hi, ti'Mn toiiorrow. WITHYCOiVlBE'S MESSAGE ASKS MORE POWER Governor Would Have Authority of Executive Increased at Expense of Beard of Control Recommends Economy, an Effective Bone Dry Law and Sane Sterilization Law SAI.I'.M. dr., Jan. !. -Critii-iMii ol iiovi'i uuii'iiiiil ili'i'i'iilnilialii'ii mill n I'lia lor ui'i'iiIit iM'ononiv in I In- nil niinUtrnlion ol' )i- stnlr I'linils fciil uri'u nn- ii)ra:ui' ol tioi'rnoi' .ihiiiim Williyi ilii' lo llii' Iwi'iily-iiiiuli Or i-L'on li'uilaluri' wliirli i'oiivi'iinI in liii'nnial ,i',,ion lii'i'o loilay. ii" nn'-iii;i' laiii imrnciiiiir stress on Ihc uilw-tiliiliiy lor j-ivali-r I'l-on-oniy in stall' ci'iiilil uri's tirifl ili'Vol i'il iniii'li i-iai'i' to lu di'Miv I'm- a ui'iii'i-iil ilci-i-i-iii.iiiM ol' iiii'oiirliiiiou lor nlnioM all ili'inrliiu'iils ami a i-on- m'iimiI I'i'iluiMioii ol' laxi's. Tin' ynv cnior iiiviinl niii'iuioii lo ihc Iin-I llinl llu- siaii. ImuI'.ti ,-all l'or7-JI,-DiMI niori' lliau "I'lut lu raii-il unili'i- llu- nrovisions ol' llu' ivi'i'iii I'onsii- tiiliomil iiiiii'mliui'iil." Hi' si ni ol thai only hy iiriiiiin-j' hinlcl rslinmli's in 1'on.juni'lion willi I'li'iiiiii',' new ri'V cnui' run Ihc ,il nation In- inrl. Tin tiovrrnor s-liowcil how ihc various ts liiniili'S ran he iruni'il lo t hi- I'stcnl ol' Ml, (lllll. Sri'lts Miiiv Anlhorily l'ln n liiri- ni'nsuri' Oicyon has n I'onunission I'lirui of :-oi'nimiMil,'' -aul (iovi'inor Willi vcoinhc. "Tli iiovi'rnor has hrcu niori! ami morn ili- vi'strd ol' uutlioriiy. As a inciulii-r o' llu' hoanl ol' t'oiiirol, in most impor tant stale miltli'l's. hi' has iih nlirallv llie same powpi-'to ohlain the ri-sulls hi' dosiii'-, as nlhi'i' ii iIiits ol' Ihc iionrn, aill '' l in- pulilii' VCsls him uiih a fur laiiicr mcasuri' ol' rrion sihilily. "I liclicvu this IcmlciH'v lowaril ilc ccnt rali.alion is ilUiiilvi-cil, that il work- a'j.'iili-l the hcsl inli-rcsls ol' Ihc sialc. ami Ihnl Ihc ri-ullin- ilc-crcii-c ol' imliviilual vcspoiisiliilit lc--cns cl'licicucy in puhlic scrii.c. This inatlcr is prcscnlcil not heca use I lutppi'ii to he the cxcculive ami seek increase of political power, nor to uruc immeiliate ilra-lie aeiiou, hut ralller lo poiul on! a lentlency wtiieh, in my opinion, will entail increasingly hnruil'iil re-itl,." Two sources of new revenue were oullineil hi the message. Il eonleni plalcd n ehaasc in Ihc mcilunl of a-, si'ssim; inheritance luxes which Hie other conlcniplaics a ehari;e in the luxation of revenues of insurance companies. (loveinor Wit h i ihc then outlined the needs of the various stale depart ments, a lhe same lime indicaliic: how their expenditures mihi he de ereiiscd. lie recommended Ihc' con- - I i , 1 : 1 1 ilii of several so that there would mil he a duplication of work. A notahle ilislauce pointed out hy him was the virliail diiplicii ion of work of the child luhor and imln-lrial welfare ommi-.sion-, ami ihat of the indus- trinl eoinm'h-ion. The stale leiaid of health, he said, could well coiiiluct llie work of llie dairy and food commi -ioner ami llie Social lli:ieiic society. i:i'lei live lll j Imw. ''The Jieoplc of (Ii'cl'oii hac llcei--ivelv approved the -o-cnllcd "hone. dry" proh'hil ion mea-iire,' eoiilinucd Ihc oM-rnor in pari, 'and Ilii-- Iccjs inlule i- in duly hoiiml to make nli.n- I'llely elfcclie the provisions ami evi'lclil iulcnlioiis of thai men-nro. Thai ii nil! fulfill iis ohliualioiw lo the letter, I am cei lam. "The c -lahli-liiiicul i, facilities f,,r mililniy Ireinicp' in our state univer sity and in Oregon hiudi schools i- rec ommended. This need not he eompul--1'iv, hut it vhiinhl he avaihilile for (Contlnticil oa Paijo Three.) N'HW VOIIK, .Ian. I.iniihomir Mlchalevollili. ncenlly iipiioluleil auil accepted , Wiisliiactiiii nn Scr Ida'H first minister lo tlni t'nlled Stiiles, arrivcil here loilav on the steamship St. I'aiil from Liverpool. He was iic.-oini;ialei! by Alveil'lir (icorcvil'h, who Is to be seiiflary of tlm ligation. L STATE POULTRY Pi ize-Winniiifi Fowls From All por tions of Oregon on Exhibit at Kor inck Buililiiitj, as Well as Local Birds Jiultjcs and Officials Here Thursday School Children's Day. The llrecoii Slate I'onllry nssoeiu- 1 lion'- ininiial show, uhich opened at I noon I oday, heenn wild a very prom ising alleiiilance, con-ideriii,e the in clemency of the forenoon ami the fuel that this is the first day. Tho initial crowd aumirs well for the sue- . cess of the exliihil ion. The Southern (rci;ou I'onllry ns soeiation. under the direction of ' which llie slale show is heiu held, inaile record proyrc-s in coniplelin. the prcparalion for the exhihiiion in -o shorl a time. Stale Officials lloic .lude ,1. It. Keeney of ru'jene, who will make the a wards; K. ,. McClnnn- hau, president nf the stale ussncin- it tion, also of Kiiceue, and ('. V. Will iams, secretary of ihc stale urijiiu iziilion and editor of the Xortlnvcst Poultry .loiirnal of Salem, nrrived last ' ni.'lil and hcan their oflieial mid personal work this ami nini;. They me pleased with the appearance of t he show room. W. .1. Palmer of the Seattle Kihlicr ' flour Mills company, arrived yesU'i'- , ilny and nl once yot husy. .Mr. ful- : mer preilieled a hie success for tin-.; show, utter he had carefully inspected the result jif the prcparalion and the 1 character of the entries. . . Some of the finest pnzclakers iniii'li- the hihhiow poultry of th6 slale are on exhihiiion and u number of solar-walk specimens arc for sale. . Nearly half n thousand hirds lire , tereil, Imielher willi u "nod showine,' of fine piL'eoiis and a niimher of aris- , ' liieralic rahhils with ed. sealed peil iyrees. Heavy Al lenilanie Ivvpcetcd, A thousand admissions arc predict-'. ed for tomorrow, while Thursday will' he free lo the school children of Hie cily mid nlry. No one has heen hold enough In uuess Ihc nimiher of, yoiimj-lcrs who will enjoy ihe shnw on that day. The annual hu-iuess meetiiu; of the1 -talc association will he held Wednes day at the Mcdfonl hotel. ' Speeches hy prominent hreedc.rs w ill he aniionnci'd later. I "1 ililcn-l in the fiill-hlooil ex--' hihils presa';es a lot of improved en tries nevl year, allhoiieh the up-slnli-hirds will hnve to slep rather liiuh lo overcome some of the fancy speci mens from this cotinly. The south ern lliciron cxhihils will he a surprise to thousands who will see the show! 'luring Ihe week. I IN RIVERS BILL- WASHINGTON, .Ian. !). The rU . - and harbors appropriation hill, rryiiii; .ijn.iilin.iiiill for conlinnini; projects alreaih- :iiilhoriciI iiini ii.iiiiii.iiiin a- immeiliule nppropria lions lor new proicds whosi lotal 'I will upproxiiuati ."iti.non.nno. Miluallv ha- been completed anil will be reported In the house next week. llie new prophets approved in cmii- millic include .i.'iiio.niui f,,i. ist liiver and Hell (laic. New York loir. hor, with iiiilhonatiou of an I'Veut- mil cvpcnililine of .i:i,.iili,(iini; imd slillll.liull a- I,,, immcdiale expenriik luri' on a .tl,:ijn.( improvement' I'rojcel Hi-lii('d lo remove the 1 shon! in Ihe llud-on iii upper New Yo ( ily. out which Ihere now is only ik Icil ol water. 1 1 1 . m i 1 1 the eilv i IniibliiiL1 I here a series of pier- to ac- eoinmotlnl can liner-. Sinera oilier New York items may he adHci by the eoinmiltee later. Other itein a re : liiehiiii'inl liarhor. Califoinia I OO.noo. total ,f I'Js.iMili; Napa river, f'alifornia. . Jll.miil, total . 1:1,(1(10 're-cent Cily hailior, California '-'"'i.noi), ta sS IOK.min ; n,IU of llu Willamelte at ()rec,,n Cily, Or., ,fS0,. (MMI, complete. ANNUA SHOW OPENED TODAY i