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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 1, 1914)
HOME AND FARM "MAGAZINE SECTION Irrigation in Willamette Valley By Prof. W, L. Powers. 1- .j. .p .. . .. ,j. .. ,f. ,. .. ,p ., .j. ,j, 5 i' V J' 1'ropor Irrigation may 1)0 of great viiliiu In farmer In Ilia Willamette Vulley, according to lint Oregon Agricultural College. In thi) following article I'rofc fur V, U I'ovtor shows how this Is true. .. .j. ,s. ,j. ., ., ,j, , , .t. ,t. .. ., (Hpeelnl to the I'nrin .Mngnzlno.) FHOM experiment and ohiorvutlnn itmdo liy din Oregon Agricultural Cidlcgo it appear that proper Irri gation In lliti Willamette Valley will provide n more favorable moisture eon tout of III" Hull, nml will nsn aid In tlin ' "'"m""" ' V'n tn,l """'I I" It olu ) j'tjnn nml eoiieynure to tlin plonl. Likewise It Hilt Increase the bacterial activity of the null nml lend lo n great er rii'it nml top dotolopment of Hie plant, l'lirllu'riiinrr, extra root develop inent t lliti plant will teml to offset any running together of tliu noil iluo to Irrigation, Irrigation farming lemlit to remove larger crop from the laud uinl rouse ipienlly larger amount of fcrtiliror in the way of refuo inii't lie returned to tlm lit ml if Id fertility la to lie nmlii tiiliir.l. It i more important to prnr. tfre u careful rotation of eroM that win permit the growing or clover or tome nthur noil liinlilliig crop on the l.ind every fine .cars, In Irrigation fn ruling that in other method. It In nl more necessary Hint Irrigated . fields In- plowed up deeply rtt freni'ill Intervnlt to maintain n good state of tilth. Crop notation. Crop roliitlnti In irrigation farm lug should provide for the growing of ik good proportion of cultivated crop each year, since cultivated crop re ipilre less water and use it Inter lu the season than ilo the meadow crop. A rolnllon of noil Iniilding crops together with th application of rnnmire main tain the u ater holding capacity and fertility of noil, thereby lowering the water rnt of dry matter. Larger amount of maniirn can alio he ll Mil without making the nil too Irgumctf, nml frequent cultivation, thereby maintaining a crumb noli mulch 2) tu 3 Inebos In depth over tlio surface. Irrigation likewise caused n lowering nf tlm temperature to Hie extent of n much a I degree of colli in cultivated plat and an much aa 10 degree In meadow pint. Aside from these and other Inciden tal feature irrigation I shown to liavu nccnmpllehod It main purpose by pro ducing mi Increase In the crop yields. During the seven yearn tin) average In crease of all cropi ha been 05 per emit. It altered the shape and site of tin) plant and affected the need product, raining better shaped ear nml a high er termination of corn with a lower germluntion of bean. r.ffect on Market. Irrigation hn likewise altered tho pereeiilaga of marketable product, ruining more henmt in prowrtion lo plant, moro beet In proportion to top, lint fewer pointer in proportion to tho top produced. Irrigation ha nlso caused n rllglit change In tlio ehemicai eoiupoiiitlon nf the product. Tho effect of rontlutied irrigation upon the noil for ovrral iuccewiivo talnly will bo no In tho long run If, a I good plan, and tlio time am money It I believed, It will mean tho saving j upent In adding thi necexury huinu win provo a of m liny ranrheM of well producing orchard from tho creditor' hand. Tho NorlhwnMcrn I-'rult Uxchniigo report that mnny of the railroad have re lilted to their rctpient In a way to indi cate that they theinHclveit appreciate the munition facing tho Industry thi year. Cover Crops FA Mi HOWINO of catch or cover crop in the orchard and on ground that ha had a crop removed by tho hnrveNt Is n good plan in many In hUiiiccb. Tho object U to udil huma to tho soil and turn it buck to tho farm n nnturo prepared tlio roll in tho bo ginning. In runny Mill tho mineral ele ments remain but tho humu ha been rwinuxcd by auccciuiivo cropping of land. Tho averago mill of many orchard hov a considerable amount of poUmli, phoxphnto and other necoetnry clement", by iinwing of legumlnou crop nitrogen in added to tho mill and a largo amount of ehvap fertility obtained. Whuro a cover crop, ach aa crimson clover, hairy vetch, cow peaa, oy bonne, fltn., are owed on ground after tho last cultivation, and then turned under In l.tto fnll or early spring, not only m fer tility increaicd, but this green mnnuro act a a upon go, make Mil mora por fill romimriwiti wn mndo with Koil fiiKin which legume were grown with-1 out irrigation. Profit Poudblt. year varie will, u.e ci.aracior oriM ,, ,lt)Ml, wntcr ,on. lt wlI, crop grown. The vol how n "ht IiK,tii .tiff clay noil, which I often tendency to decreniie in wnter capacity (l,llrci, ftm, nmkr Ul(J mU darker, nun increa.o in oiuiim weigut ) 1(,neo warmPr in tho early aprlng, irriKni'(,n wiirrv ruuiv riming ciij worn Krowni ,ut improvi'il in OrchtiMt incrraio in organic A good Inn to follow in tho cent ml I hre r,-.pceu. whero oil building crop "" ,, .i. i. .i. ' i .t t..i .!.- .?. -i .. eultivation through the spring months were grown. Irrigation ha canned t .. . .... ... .'-. i i-niil,ml "" """ " ". " ! .. aa aaa.t k kaa Aa m m alrl Kaiatia l,ere leguminoui crop were grown.,""" ", u """ ,' lm ZiZ .n... .. L..I.. win? .nli. ' either broadcast or In drill. Wo prefer clover can also be n nd fertility to tho soil profitable investment. In planting iot grown strnwberry plant, plnee a berry box over each plant for a few days, to afford shade until the plant got started. YOU CAN EARN $50.00 PER,SI ieirlits Inoroted Staadari1 Will Orllllan Rich lea DnJa llmjukfi ur liniM " ; ;tss"C - rl yfr uw ( afijr otftf. Ui irl U dieSms 1 30 l n! i4rrvMia CAjifia Ifl 9 hmaa. ArxAit fefdw!f 70 lai wtdx Anion 2 S tLfanBaBi t'Acpat L OHnaieuinnh tJtrtmJj nmva rtmwnf Main FJniii. f jww irarni. CuLd VI RPEK30N MACmNtRY CO., Minlfi.. Porttanii, Oft) Lewk Audible Speed Indicator A speeil Indicator that attaches to any cream scpana tor. Kings u bell until tho right p o d is reached, then audibly click at any speed de sired and at ovef specd is silent. Postpaid, tX2X Descriptive cireula upon retjacsU COLUMBIA DAIRY BUFPLY COtWWMT broailcaating. Jtoil clover can Mown nhtf limn nn in tho mldtiio of 'Heptember, as can hairy vetcb. In lati- tiiili.a w.KrM ifiminn lnvar anntmn Irrigation had but little appreciable w, ,Uni, , w,nUr months it maktal effect upon the netdity of mils nid!on, 0f t10 jt cover crops that can bo on the content of available plant food, In ,ho ,prin(. afu,r tho few although It nlstcil in the solution of Wcc, Krowtl( t can be tunxd under available plant food and in ll tram-1,( p00.l advantage, mlsaion to the proper parU of tho grow whero orebanl land I mbje. to Ing plant. I wnhlug of soil, eover erorm should bo Altogether Ihene field experimental wwn urory fB bufuro ffJl nittt como, nnd observations Imvo shown Mint mm- i j ronjetion with cover crops, a der iroH-r management there 1 a g.Kid coalin(. r wc rotte.1 manor applied pniiit in irrigation in nu rimw wuera jurf,,,. witur or early spring, and turn- o cover crops, U a niii'ii where Irrk'ntnin i nrnclin-il. A free working xoll enn bo built up nnd Mie wnler ran lw supplied by pumping. ,.,j unJ(ir witb , kept In a higher-Mato of priMurtlxlly " otherwise nt a cost of not to ex- by tho iiko nf rotation Including ' eeed 1 per ncrelncli for nil tlio water leguinim nml the iiko nl manure, tu eon iiecllon with proper Irrigation. Irrigation farming find II highest dsvelopiunnt lu connection with In tenlve euttural method. It will become nf incrciiKing luiortnneo lu Western Oregon on nil free working soil in eoiineetioii with intensive dairying, hop production ami truck farming. Moisture rolnt. Willamette Vulley silt loam under field condition hn several lmirtaiit moisture poll ts. It will be recalled hi this connection that water In the soil has three distinct npecte free, capil lary nnd bygriKcople. Tho free moisture nppenr a water nnd irtrve chiefly by Lravlty. Tho eapillnry water moves merely by contact nf one soil particle with another, and while it effect on tho soil i clearly seen, tho water itself is not visible. Tho hygroscopii wnter cling to the soil particle ami is prac tically stationery with tho soil. Of tho vulley silt loam the maximum capillary wuter content is n limit .11 per cent, Mm maximum amount proper for cultivation is 27 per cent, the optimum water con lent best for cultivation and crop pro duction 1 about "3 per cent, tlio drought point about lt per rent, end limed. Properly managed irrigation prac tice taken In connection with the rree wnrklng roll will give the fanner of the Willamette Valley such control of the moisture content of their soil as will not only Incrense the volume of the crop, but will llkewiso Increase tho profit and improve tho tilth and fer tility of their soil. Emergency Rate AUKQUKSTKI) emergency rate of 10 cent reduction to all points llnst, iisked for by the North western 1'rult Kxehnngo In behalf of erowor nnd shipper of tho North west, has brought to tho surface nn a I most universal plea. All of the mil road In tho Northwest carrying fruit were addressed lu a memorial setting forth the need for alleviation of mar keting cost of apples Mil year. HusinesH men generally nnd now paper have added to the strong nrgu ineiil n given by Hie Kxehnngo with a comprehensive nnulytl of conditions n they see them, (1 rower and ship per are endorsing tho request on every What Are You Going To Do? hand so that lt may well bo said that tho minimum moisturo content is ubouttul ri.quest i unanimous. Your future dopend upon your training. I,ot u train you lor a suo cenifol business career. Over 2,000 students trained by ua are holding lucrative position. BUSINESS C0IXB8H. X. M. WUkar, rrMi. POUTI.ANI), OKKUOtf. Writs us. No IroulU lo nrwr. MILL" A BUct Moa8wtarUa Kcaoel for Boys. XWtar Clissis; Man Taishsrs. saenras iseulU Uial art where. Sand tat dialog, tl Manball Mrwt, ILITAHY ACADEMY BMiixtac aat Xaaf r PlifHs; aa Oanral vavsaBa Bt aatatead FnakaW. CI i imsii entral ommercial ollege sonooij or btjoobbb Write for Pull InforauUica Central BvOdiafc Ttwwi, On. IHB ELITE PRIVATE BUSINESS COLLEGE I wRrHalllllllV MAXJDH L VZOKSM, AMt PrindpaL 404 Commonwcaith Building Portland, Oregon. Writ For Oar Terms Today. 11 per cunt, irrigation during a suveu year' test gave t. higher seasonal mois turo content, which wan associated with higher yields of ntuo standard Willuiu etto Valley crops. Intoreatliig and Important. Home of tho incidental of feet of irrl gallon ns shown by these teaU are not ouly interesting but highly Important to tho irrigation farmer as well. It vu shown among other thing that irrigation 1 associated with ft tempo rary loss of inolsturo in tho subsoils da to reversed capillary inovcmeut. Tho lilghost seasonal moisture con taat la Irrigated plants was obtained 1b connection with earl spring plow- manuring, crop rotations inclndlag It is tho belief that the railroad will decide to do everything lu their power to nld tho grower In tho face of this year' conditions which nro represented by nn Immense crop over tbu entire country nnd tho closing of dependable export. Tho railroads are vitally interested in the marketing of tho crop. It hn been pointed out that nld from Mil noureo will allow tho grower to plnco upon tho market un doubtedly n much larger percentage of his crop than ho would otberwlso do, and lt Is possible to flguro out that tho railroad will bo able to make moro roosoy this year hauling apple at a toroporary reduced rate than they coukl at their regular rata. 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