Image provided by: Hermiston Public Library; Hermiston, OR
About The Hermiston herald. (Hermiston, Or.) 19??-1984 | View Entire Issue (May 12, 1917)
THE HERMISTON HERALD, HERMISTON, OREGON. eoeeeeeoeoeeeeooeeoeeeeeee FOOD WASTE EACH IN BRIEF. : ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ YEAR $ WOO,000 I STATE HOW UNCLE SAM TRAINS MEN FOR THE AVIATION CORPS Army Schools Are Speeding Up Work to Supply Fliers for New Army. trirnintrinintrinninininner THE FLAG By KENNETH MAC DOUGAL. The die is cast, the time has come. 4t The eagle screams once more, The Stars and Stripes again shall SCHOOLING MOST THOROUGH Upon a foreign shore. Behind the flag of freedom. Sweep on our fighting men. To crush the Prussian eagle, The peace dove bring again. Pick of the Land Intellectually and Physically la the Raw Material of the Field—First Taught Mechan ics and Work Gradually Up to Difficult Feats in Flying. New York.—Uncle Sam's new army must have the best aviators in the world. This is the order that has come from Washington, and the army schools throughout the country are striving to carry it out. There are many obstacles and dis couragements, fast scout planes are almost non-existent this side of the Atlantic, but the standard already reached means as vast advance. A trip out to the big government flying school on Hempstead Plains, near Mineola, L. I., shows a scene of bustling activity, a beehive of indus try, which has speeded up even over its former strenuous pace in the last few days. At the entrance to the field a stal wart private, an automatic on his hip, challenges the visitor and scru tinizes closely the papers shown. A step through the gate discloses in side the fence a scene to rejoice the heart of the small boy—a vast ex panse, on which great mechanical fal cons purr nnd skip, now rising Into the clouds and now descending swiftly and gracefully to the level turf. Framing the picture are rows of air- plane sheds, or hangars, barracks, ma chine shops, offices and other rough buildings which have mostly been knocked into shape in the last few weeks. Scores of students and mecha nicians hustle around and over the winged monsters, oiling, plying the wrench, making tests and seeking the . slightest flaw, for every flying ma chine must always be in the top notch of condition. Pick of the Land There. War will probably soon change the conditions here In many ways—indeed, some differences are already noticeable from peace days. But most of the stu dents are still paying their way—and not a small price either. After pass ing his flying test a student must turn over a $500 tuition fee and $300 more Is due on final examination. The stu dent must weigh not more than 190 pounds stripped, and “must furnish evi dence of having a college education and be of good moral character.” The pick of the land intellectually and physically Is the raw material of the field. Out of such promising nov ices Uncle Sam makes finished bird- men in three months—and now even this brief training period may be cut down. The captain in command of the •X I Regiment, brigade, division And corps pass smartly by; Pressing to crush oppression. That the flag of right may fly. I- Men who were known as hyphens, Russians. Frenchmen, lads from Spain, Germans, Austrians, Italians, Are Americans again. <t A •X A To the flag, then! To the president! 4 A toast: We’re in the right! Forward, march! We’ll show the 4 Prussian That we’re not too proud to fight. 4 field explains the course of instruc tion : “After the student has passed his preliminary physical examination and has had the mechanism of the ma chine drilled into him, we turn him over to an instructor, who takes him up on a joy ride as a passenger. He goes up about 3,000 feet the first time. When he becomes, during suc cessive flights, accustomed to the #% $ tspy gal, e W89erot0d S.. öxdecucods. Where Aviation Is Taught swift rush of the air aloft, so dis concerting to the novice, he is per mitted to handle the controls himself, but the instructor is there to correct any errors very promptly. “In turn he is passed from one to another of the instructors until four have had him, and then they make four separate reports on him. After that we begin his training in real earnest, as we have learned then whether he is cut out to be an avi ator. Training Is Thorough. “We have found that a student can not assimilate more than half an hour's lesson aloft in a day ; that is, he does not profit by a longer lesson. So when he comes down he is • put to work at the mechanics of the job, dismantling and assembling his en- “More and more serious trials are Great Britain Asks Them and coming," says the paper. "We appeal to our renders to regard it as a sacred Also Her Own People duty to cut down the consumption of to Eat Less. all commodities to the last ounce and Food Supply Diminishes. Commenting, the Evening News says that Lloyd George issued his warning seven weeks ago. Since then the con sumption inland, which imports four- fifths of its ample cereal supply, makes an Important bite in the store. Meanwhile the submarines are sinking ships and cutting down the rate of re- From 100 to 150 deer have died from starvation in the John Day valley gine, detecting trouble, making such alone, according to C. F. Groom, for est ranger of that district. repairs as he might be called on to make If he had to descend for cause Election blanks and supplies, pro during a flight. We give him text vided by the state for the special elec books on motors, too, and something tion in June, have been forwarded to about aero-dynamics, and teach him the respective county clerks by Secre how to observe the earth as it flies tary of State Olcott. under him. Mark Moe, son of A. D. Moe, pub When the young aviator is com petent to handle his machine he Is lisher of the Hood River Glacier, will introduced into more complicated apply as a recruit to the United States army aviation corps. Young Moe is work, scouting and maneuvering. For instance, on a recent day a not yet 18 years of age. motorcar was sent on a devious ten- E. R. Callahan, of Klamath Falls, mile journey over little frequented was fined by Justice of the Peace E. Long Island roads. Its top was broad W. Gowen in the sum of $150 and ly striped in black and white, but oth costs and sentenced to serve 30 days erwise it could not be told from the in the county jail for violation of the tens of thousands of other cars which dry law. are constantly on the move over the Responses to 300 letters sent out to island. “Twenty-four army airplanes went the fire chiefs in towns in Oregon hav up to seek the car. Twenty-one left ing a population of more than 300 here and three came from the gov people show that a fair percentage of ernment school at Governors Island, good-sized towns have no fire depart- ments whatever. New York city. “The car with the striped top repre The rapid gain in the number of sented the head of an enemy convoy. motor cars in the state is indicated by The airmen were to detect the head the fact that 37,597 cars are regis of the supposed column while the lat tered, as against 25,538 at the corre ter was still far from its objective, the sponding time last year. This is a aviation field, for there must be time gain of not quite 50 per cent. to make the imaginary artillery attack upon It effective. That he pitched 800 tons of hay dur ing the past winter is the statement of Problems Easily Solved. For the problem the map of Long David Helmick, 63 years old, of Can Island near the flying field was di yon City. He says that he fed 400 vided Into 24 sectors, one being given tons of hay to cattle near Pilot Rock, to each scout. The lucky man who that he handled the hay alone and found the car whirred back to the field pitched it all twice. Announcement was made at La Crosse, Wis., recently of the sale of the property of the Wind River Lum ber company at Cascade Locks, to the interests which now control the Bridal Veil company. The consideration is said to have been in the neighborhood of $1,500,000. FOOD SHORTAGE MENACES THE ALLIES London.—England has issued a call to all the allied peoples, not only her own, to help obviate a food shortage. The call solemnly warns them that famine conditions may exist through- out the world before the next harvest Is reaped. Since Lloyd George declared “Our stocks of food are low, alarmingly lower than within recollection," scores of public leaders have repeatedly warned the people to place themselves on voluntary rations. The public absolutely refuses to rec ognise the government's position, and such conditions have resulted evi dently in the issuance of the appeal, ap parently from an official source, which outlines clearly the world’s deficiency tn wheat and other agricultural prod ucts, while the war is disorganizing the supplies of food staples to nearly ev ery civilized country. So serious Is the food situation that England has completely cast off the cloak of secrecy. At the beginning of the war Germany deliberately re quired the slaughter of a large propor tion of the live stock in order to save food, and now finds out her mistake. Conversely England at the outset In sisted that live stock be conserved— neither exported nor slaughtered need lessly. Now England, possessing a big stock of animals, orders that they be slaughtered in order to provide food and save feeding them. NEWS ; pennyworth.” A new set of restrictions has become effective, which requires proprietors of eating places to keep a record of all meals served. They must not serve more than a specified amount each week. Tho following is the scale of allowances per meal : Breakfast—Meat, 2 ounces : sugar. 2.7 ounces; bread. 2 ounces; flour, 1 ounce. Luncheon—Meat, 5 ounces; sugar, 2.7 ounces ; bread, 2 ounces ; flour, 1 ounce. Dinner—Meat, 5 ounces; sugar, 2.7 ounces ; bread, 2 ounces ; flour 1 onnce. No meat or flour is allowed In place of tea or sugar. Tuesday Is designated as a meatless day in London, Wednes day in the provinces. Lloyd George's Appeal. “We may have to feed our army and navy, as well as ourselves, on home- grown food," said Premier Lloyd George In a letter which was read at a meeting tonight of the Norwich (Nor folk) Agricultural committee. The let ter was addressed : “To all workers on land,” and appealed to them to do their utmost to help raise all food possible. “The Une which the British empire holds against the Germans." the letter continues, “is held at home as well as abroad. If It breaks at any point, it breaks everywhere. In the face of the enemy the seamen of. our royal naval and mercantile marine and the sol diers gathered from every par of our empire hold our Une firstly. You workers on land must hold your part of our Une as strongly. “Every full day's labor you do helps to shorten the struggle and bring us nearer victory. Every idle day. all loi- tering, lengthens the struggle and makes defeat more possible. Therefore, In the nation's honor, heed: Acquit yourselves Uke men. and as workers on land do your duty with all your in short order and Mineola was “saved.” In another problem three Fast L. W. F. tractors were sent to a far distant point, which was not disclosed to the students, and there sent up as scouts of an enemy bent upon taking photo graphs of the Mineola field. The stu dents were to locate these machines and drive them back by heading them off. They did this with ease. Not all the feats attempted work out well, because real swift machines are lacking. The slower machines do not stand up so well In a gale, al though otherwise easier to manage. It is understood the fastest machines now at the field are the L. W. F. tractors, capable of 95 miles an hour. British and French scouts make 135 and 138 miles an hour. The new Mo- ralne-Saulnier, according to Miss Ruth Law, the flying woman, makes 150 miles an hour. Airplanes much slow er are useless on the western Euro pean battle front. Students start learning to fly at Mineola on the poky J. N. 4 Curtiss bi planes, which go at the snail's pace of 75 miles an hour. However, it is taken for granted that the deficiency in fast machines will soon be remedied. All the art of air plane building the French and British have learned in nearly three years of warfare will be placed at the disposal of the new ally. Commissions of Anglo French flying men and builders will assist the United States army in manufacturing and teach the latest tricks of the trade to our aviators. What They Must Do. The Mineola school Is officially an aviation section of the signal officers reserve corps. Civilian volunteers en ter as sergeants and become lieuten ants in the reserve on passing their examinations. These “exams” are not to be sniffed at. Here are some of the things the young collegian must do: He must climb out of a field 2,000 feet square and attain an altitude of 500 feet while keeping all parts of his machine within the square; he must cut off his motor at a height of 1,000 feet and land within 200 feet of a designated point; he must land over an assumed obstacle ten feet high and come to rest within 1,500 feet of it; he must fly for 45 minutes at an altitude of 4,000 feet. “The psychology of this flying busi ness so far as the students are con cerned.” says the commandant of the field, “is a singular thing. In con sidering it you must put fear out of the reckoning. The students are never frightened. The fact of the matter Is that they go Into It think ing that it’s a daredevil job. Then they go up and they’re disappointed —It Isn't the da red evi I try they thought at all. So what do they do? They tend to go to the other ex treme right away and we have to keep them from killing themselves with sheer recklessness. We have to teach them with every ounce of abil ity we possess that If they make the one slip they seem determined to make It will be the very last slip they’ll ever make.” w. An error discovered in chapter 269 of the laws of the last session, provid ing for the manner of distribution of Federal government funds from the forest reserves of the state, will again hold up the distribution of those funds, for a time at least, until Attorney General Brown offers a solution of the problem. The executive committee of the re cently-organized Bend chapter of the American Red Cross has selected as directors 32 representative men and women from' Deschutes, Crook and Jefferson counties. Those from the towns outside of Bend are expected to proceed with the formation of auxili ary chapters. Reports from Marshfield state that empolyes of the Smith mills at Bunker Hill and Bay City walked out Wednes day morning, leaving the mills entire ly shut down with the exception of the west side of the Bay City, which closed at noon. The one side at the Bay City mill was kept going by plac ing higher-paid men on some of the cheaper work. Governor Withycombe has tele graphed to R. N. Stanfield, represent ing the State Council of Defense at Washington, asking him to urge Secre tary of War Baker that steps be taken to prohibit enlistments from the rural districts. Governor Withycombe has been ad vised by Attorney General Brown that members of the Third Oregon Infan try, who are in the state on Monday, June 4, will be allowed to vote on matters pertaining to state affairs to come up at the special election. With labor scarce, appropriations materially decreased and demands for wages soaring, state institutions con front a decidedly serious situation, ac cording to reports made to the State Board of Control by practically every one of the heads of such institutions. At the meeting of the Medford city council this week, Mayor Gates launch ed a vigorous campaign to stop all forms of gambling in Medford. The city executive said that a charity pa tient whom he had befriended recently lost $4.50, which was all the cash he had, in a game of poker at a local pool room. The monthly report of the Industrial Accident commission for April shows receipts for the month amounting to $77,937.29, and disbursements of $83,- 189.35. Cost of administration during the month was $4121.66. The com mission had a total balance of $950,- 947.72 with the state treasurer on April 30. The State Highway department may use funds available in the treasury out of the $300,000 derived from the one fourth mill tax to complete contracts entered into before the present com mission went into office, according to an opinion by Attorney General Brown, sent to State Highway En gineer Nunn. While Southern Pacific reports indi cate a steady decline in the car short age from April 28, when the late peak of 1157 was reached, to 909, reported Saturday, the Public Service commis sion still is besieged with complaints. An interesting relic of the past in the shape of an old American flag has just been hung in the dining room of the Pilot Butte Inn at Bend. The flag is one given by General Ulysses S. Grant to William T. Birdsall, father of W. C. Birdsall, manager of the inn, and bears only 38 stars, indicating its age. This Is Estimate Made by Uncle Sam of Loss in the Homes Alone. MUCH OF IT IS PREVENTABLE /ast Amount of Nourishing Material Thrown Out of American Kitch ens, Say Department of Ag riculture Experts. Good food heedlessly thrown Into parbage palls, food allowed to spoil n the household, food ruined by im- roper cooking and food destroyed by ats, mice and Insects constitute the leavy items in the $700,000,000 annu li waste of food in homes in this coun ty cited by the secretary of agricul- ure. Seven hundred million dollars s considered to be a conservative fig- ire. In household waste, cf course, ire not to be included the vast losses f food allowed under improper hand ing or inefficient marketing methods o spoil In transit or in the hands of producers or dealers. Much of this $700,000,000 household waste of food, the dietary specialists f the United States department of ag- •iculture declare, is easily preventa- ile. That vast amounts of nourishing naterial are thrown out from Amer- can kitchens and so made useless for tuman consumption, is well established y the returns made from garbage and fertilizer plants showing the amount f fats and nitrogenous material recov- ?red from city garbage. Fall to Use Left-Overs. Much of the food is thrown out, the specialists say, because so many peo ple do not know how to utilize left- avers or will not take the trouble to keep and prepare them. The special ists point out that left-over cereals can be reheated or combined with fruits, meats or vegetables Into appe tizing side dishes; that even a spoon ful of cereal Is worth saving as a thickener of soups, gravies and sauces. Stale bread can be utilized in a variety of ways in combination with vegetables and meats and in pre paring hot breads and puddings. Skim milk, too widely looked down upon as a food although it contains practical ly all the nourishing elements of whole milk with the exception of the cream or fat, can be used as a bever- age. In cooking cereals, or as a basis for milk soups or sauces. Even sour milk, so largely thrown away, can be used in making hot breads or in the home manufacture of cottage cheese. Every scrap of meat or flsh can be combined with cereals or other foods lacking in pronounced flavor, both to give flavor and to add nourishment to made-over dishes. Every bit of fat or suet trimmed from meat before cook ing or tried out in boiling, roasting or broiling can be made useful in cooking. Many butchers, after they have weighed meat and named the price for the cut, trim off valuable suet and fat. This fat which the housewife pays for, if taken home and used, would reduce expenditures for prepared cooking fats. Water used (n cooking rice and many of the veg etables contains nutrients and desir able flavoring materials valuable In soups or sauces. Too often fats and such water are poured into the sink. Many persons regard the saving of small amounts of left-over food as un important If they kept accurate ac count, however, for any period, the specialists say, many families would be astounded by the amount of good food they are throwing out and by the sums that they are paying to the grocer, the butcher and milkman merely to replace good food being ab solutely wasted. Waste From Careless Handling. Important amounts of perishable foods are made dangerous or inedible In households because they are ex posed unnecessarily to heat, germs, dust, dirt or to flies and other in sects. Much milk spoils quickly because It Is kept uncovered in warm kitchens. Close observance of the doctrine, “Keep perishable food, especially milk, cool, clean and covered continuously”* may make a striking difference in the food bills of many families. In other cases, one or two vegeta bles, beets or carrots, for Instance, not needed immediately, are thrown out or allowed to spoil Instead of being used in soups or combination dishes. Fruits which could be stewed and kept are allowed to spoil. Vegetables and fruits in quantities often are stored in hot, damp, poorly ventilated bins and under conditions which has ten wilting, fermentation and decay. Fruits, surplus beans, tomatoes and other vegetables produced In home gardens are allowed to spoil on the vines or rot on the ground. A morn ing’s work would can and preserve such surplusage for use when fruits and vegetables are scarce and high in price. Much food la ruined by being stored where flies or other insects or rata and mice can get at It Much cereal food is ruined because It is not pro tected against weevils or other In sects. Many housewives who complain that children and adults will not eat breakfast cereals fall to realize that the cereals they serve are under- • 90029208000200*6 wocrcccscccce- i Food Conservation Urgent Need of the United States. ; “For partial Immediate relief, ? every individual and community 2 should consider earnestly the 3 matter of food conservation and ? the limitation of waste. As a ? nation we seem to have a dis- ! dain of economizing. In many 3 homes there is a strong feeling ! that it is ‘only decent’ to provide more food than will be eaten 2 and that It is demeaning to ! reckon closely. The experts of ■ the department of agriculture re- 2 port to me that the dietary 2 studies made by them point to 2 an annual food waste of about ¡ $700,000,000. Of course, the ; waste in families of very limited ; means is slight, but In the fam- Ilies of moderate and ample means the waste Is considerable. 3 Even If the estimate were re- duced by half, the waste would still be enormous. “The food waste in the house- hold, the experts assert, results in large measure from bad prep- aratlon and bad cooking, from improper care and handling, and, in well-to-do families, from ; serving en undue number of ; courses and an over-abundant ; supply and failing to save and utilize the food not consumed. | As an instance of Improper han- dling, it is discovered that in the preparation of potatoes 20 per cent of the edible portion in many cases is discarded.”—Sec- retary of Agriculture Houston. ; ; ; : ; ; ; 1 ' I ! ! ' ; ; ; ; ; ′ ; I ! : : : ; ; ; ; ; 1 ; ' : ! ! lososrs********c****c**ccccc*006 soned, and thus made unpalatable. Most of the cheaper foods require careful seasoning and preparation to be fully appetizing. In many house holds, the specialists believe, proper attention to the cooking of these cheap and desirable foods will increase greatly their consumption and thus reduce considerably the use of more expensive foods eaten Instead of ce reals. Improper Cooking la Blamed. Vegetables properly prepared tempt the appetite. When they are served in soggy form or In watery or poorly flavored dishes, much of them will be left on the table. The nutritive value and flavor of meat or flsh can be less ened by over-cooking or Improper cooking. If fats are allowed to burn even a little, they develop unpleasant flavors and usually cause people to refuse gravies and sauces made with them or foods fried in them ; burned meat is also disagreeable as ure burned vegetables. Much useful food gets into the garb age pail because the housewife, in preparing potatoes or other vegetables and fruit, such as apples, cuts off with the skin a considerable percent age of edible material. Careless par ing of potatoes may consign as much ns 20 per cent of the edible portion, including outer layers containing val uable mineral substances, to the garb age pall. Many persons are unaware that the green and tender tops of many vegetables which contain valu able mineral and other food sub stances, are excellent cooked as green, or even as addition to salads. Many families take pride In serv ing lavish and over-bountiful meals. Such meals lead Inevitably to waste of food on the table and to over-eating, which often Impairs health und effi ciency. The sane standard, “Eat enough food and no more,” rigidly fol- lowed, would reduce greatly food bills in many homes and, at the same time, tend to Improve the physical condition of all members of the household, de clare the government experts. STUDIES FURNITURE MARKETS Expert In Uncle Sam’s Bureau of Com merce, Undertakes Extensive In quiry In South America. A thorough investigation of South American markets for American fur niture has been undertaken by Uncle Sam's bureau of foreign and domestic commerce of the department of com merce. Harold E. Everley of New York city, has been apointed special agent to go to South America and spend two years studying the situation at close range. Mr. Everley has hud a technical training In furniture manu facturing and is familiar with the merchandising methods of the indus try. For three years he was superin tendent of a furniture factory In Bra- zil. The newly appointed agent has been visiting representative furniture man ufacturers and exporters in this coun try in an effort to learn as definitely as possible just what information Is want ed. So far as possible the particular problems of individual manufacturers and exporters will be given careful at tention during the investigation. The information gathered in South Amer ica will be brought to the attention of the industry by means of printed re ports and also by means of interviews when the agent returns to this coun- try. Sugar Beet Seed. Plant specialists of the United States department of agriculture say that sugar beet seed must be produced In the United States. The sugar beet Industry, in which $100,000,000 is in vested, was almost wholly dependent in 1914 on Importations of seed. The war made It very difficult to get seed for 1916 planting and the situation is now gloomy. It Is believed seed of good quality can be developed in this ■ cooked, scorched or improperly sea- country.
