Image provided by: Morrow County Museum; Heppner, OR
About The Ione independent. (Ione, Or.) 1916-19?? | View Entire Issue (Aug. 29, 1930)
PAMA SCIATi A? CAP s i l-V- . - "iiv Sr., .. iV'l "v. A V - VvV N i I) . 4 A Kurd of the Turkey-Psrsia Border. (Prtrared bjr tha National Owrraphle Society. Waatilnttoa. D. C.) THE Kurds, who have revolted along the Turkish -Persian bor der and against whom large Turkish forces have been oper ating near famous Mount Ararat, have teen fighting periodically against the established states of Asia Minor for thousands of years. Always their favorite method of strife has been guerrilla warfare. They have been historic marauders, but perhaps they have every reason, so far as environ ment Is concerned, to lead such lives State after state has struck asainst them with forces more powerful than any they could raise. The days of Assyrian power In Mesopotamia seem pretty far back toward the beginnings of history. Uecords of that empire show that time and again Its soldiers were sent Into the rough country around the headwaters of the great rivers to sub due the mountaineers ancestors of the Kurds who harried Assyria's out lying settlements. These same moun taineers fought the Armenians when the latter came Into the region be twen l.tXO and (V1 B. C. When Xenophon retreated from Asia Minor In 401 B. C. the Kurd (then called the Carduchl) attacked bis 10XX) firncks. rolling great stone down on them from cliffs and moun tains. They fought continually a:::tint the Bagdad cnllphs. Since the Turks rf'se to power In Asia Minor the Kurds have fought them repeatedly: In fact, the Turks never established any considerable measure of control over these fierce, freedom-loving high landers. Since the World war the European territory of Turl ey has been nezll fibie. The country has consisted al most solely of the big. fat peninsuin lying between the Black sea on the north and the eastern arm of the Mediterranean on the south, and an extension to the east about as broad as the Asia Minor peninsula, reaching roughly half way from the Black se to the Caspian. The southern half of this eastern extension the southeast frn corner of postwar Turkey Is what Is loosely called Kurdistan. The ether hfl'f of the eastern extension. Immediately north of Kurdistan, wu 6nce lurklsh Armenia. : ' Kurdish Sphere is Large. Now that tens of thousands of the Armenian residents have been driven cross the Russian border, while other tens of thousands have perished, the region hardly deserves the old name. The Kurdish population was always Mgh In Turkish Armenia ; now It Is proportionately much greater. The whole eastern end of present Turkey, constituting almost a third of the territory of the country, therefore. may roughly lie considered the Kurd ish sphere of Influence. It Is In the northeast corner of Turkey that the Kurds have recently been most active. Geographic and politlial and eco nomic complications aplenty are found In this region. On the east Kurdistan touches Persia, ami the peo ple for a considerable distance Into that country are Kurds, too. Indeed, Kurdish people Inhabit the entire Zagros mountain range which extends from Turkey for CM miles to the southeast, forming the boundary be tween Persia and Iraq. The Kurds belong to the Iranian branch of the white race. Because of the open-air lives which they live, most of them have harsh features. The great majority are nominally Mohammedans. The plateau region lying partly In eld Armenia, partly In Kurdistan, Where many of the most warlike Kurds live, presents a good example of the effects on man of u mixture of rugged Uplands and fertile valleys. Limestone mountains and recently extlnri vol canoes occupy the tipper levels. Lower are magnificent canyons cut by the Tigris and Euphrates headstreams, find numerous broad, basin-shaped val leys whose floors are fertile plains. The ancestors of the Kurds were Hushed from mary of these desirable -1 4 - - lowlunds by the Armenian Invaslot and from others by the later arriving Turks. Some Recent Revolts. Even the fairly recent, regime ol Kemal Pasha has had several Kurdisr revolts on Its hands. There was i sporadic uprising In BC.t; and In 1!2." the tribesmen made an unsuccessfu effort to set up their own government The scrapping of the caliphate at On stantlnople aroused them and nenrl every change In old Moslem custom has Irritated them. Revolt after re volt has been quelled but as soon a the Kurd replenishes his forces and supplies, he Is ready to attack again The Kurd farmers of the Iraq plains are more prosperous than the tribes men of the hill country. Travelers climb the trails of Kurdistan for mllei without seeing, a village. When ont does appear, It Is usually situated la a well protected spot. Houses art placed without regard to building llni and a bird's-eye view of a village re veals a Jumble of mud and stunt structures. The peasant's bouse Is a one-room structure which might be mistaken foi a Stable. The tribesmen reserves ont side of bis abode for his animals while tils family occupies the other side Kurds sit on the floor when they rest or eat, therefore they do not need tables or chairs. The tribal chief or headman fam tietter. He has a bouse for his family and a guest house where he lives and entertains guests. He Is offended If s traveler does not stay with him. One the traveler hns stopped, he mut re main for dinner. The food Is placed on the floor In the center of the din ers. Should a guest stretch his legf toward another person, convey food to bis mouth with his left hand, oi fondle the dog. his host Is offended Sn knives, and fork are to be found In the Kurd silver chest but If n guest has difficulty In feeding himself with his hands, a spoon will be handed U him. Few meals are served that dr not Include mat (curdled mlik) tbt favorite dMi of the Kurd. A little water mixed with the mat makes masfao. the Kurd "national" drink The tribesmen like vegetables but se! dopi serve meat. . They Buy Their Wives. Ttider Moslem law. the Kurd nay take four wives. Wives are bough!, so the peasant usually has only one The chiefs take the full quota. Wlvei are priced according to their rank The tribesman can get a wife In ex change for a pony or goat, or one may cost the equivalent of fl'.'iOO. Thi wedding entails a season of merry making In which the whole tribe Joins, but It takes less thnn a minute to dis solve a union. The man simply sayH "I divorce you" three times and tin) parties are free. To the foreigner, the Kurds seem 1 1 know little else than the "art" of high way robbery. Many of the mountain tribesmen are adept thieves, but In the hills as well as the plains, many Kurds earn honest livings by farming and cattle raising. Kurds are pastoral people, seldom moving from their vil lages except to migrate to higher alti tudes during the summer for new pas turage. In spite of exciting events In tb fighting history of the Kurds, tlm tribesmen were almost unknown out side the Near East before the World war. When a delegation of Kurds up' peared at the peiny conferences In l!)l!) newspaper men did not know v!m the sunburnt tribesmen might be. When their Identity was revealed the Kurds went on the front pages and frequently have been there since. The presence of Kurds In the Mosul region of what Is now northern Iraq was a hard diplomatic problem for the treaty drafters to solve ufter the World war. Except In Mosul City, th population of this region Is almost solidly Kurdish. It Is the odor and power of petroleum that In some ways dominate all else In this region. What promises to become one of the major oil fields of the world centers about Mosul. ANDS 9 BELLS m WELL, THAT'S PERFECT "Yes," said the man la the ancient overcoat with bulging pockets, "Bill and me are In partnership, but we don't carry the same goods." "Explain yourself," said a friend. "Well, Pdll goo around sellln' a stove polish tit ut leaves a stain on the fingers, and I go around next day with Hie only soup that will take It off." HER TRUE LOVE She I Uve overpowering men. He How muuy have you overpow ered? Some Hopo In cai vur UJ Is a burn pt L'o net It ad. He may out grow It Too Let She wanted to be in the beauty chorus, so she wrote an application enclosed tier photograph, and was asked to come (or an Interview, liu agine her surprise when she was told ty thi manager that she was too late "Is the position tilled, then?" he asked. "No," replied the manager. "I meant that you should tune come when you lu.d your photograph tat;en. He'll Tell 'em Employer I uinlerstatnl. Thompson, that the na n have all struck. Thompson Yes. sir. "But what for?" "Well, we (Hiniio yet, sir. The gin tlemim from London Isn't come down to tell us." London Public Opinion. She Knew Him Doctor For greater security madam, do you wish to bnve your hue hand X rayed? "Thank yon! For some time past I've seen through him without much ditliculty." It Had to Coma Out "Tell me. Mrs. Jon.-s, wluil do you really think of Mrs. Smith?" Mrs Jones (very confidentially) Why. you know. Mrs. Brown I nevei alk about ativlMxiy, hut I really feel sorry for her husband. NOT A C0V-DOG First Neighbor "Why didn't youi dog run that cow out of youi garden then?' Second Neighbor "Beneath his dignity he's a bulldog, you know. He Tak-ei the Count Some wlvn may count Their hufliandi' calories, but they all count Their hu-t.nnrti' salaries) "Merry Gold" Longwed lo you believe In such sentiment lis saying It with Mower? everwed No. A man can't be too careful. When old Mrs. Bullion was III I sent her a luiirh of marigolds, and she took It for a proposal. Saved Something Judge You say you curried a loaded revolver md yet let the thiol take everything off you? Mr. Pin Yea. he took everything but the revolver. He didn't find thut Columnizttion "What's youi bey Josh lining?" "lie's working as a columnist," an sweted Farmer Ciirntossel. "n a paper?" "No. In mi ollli-e, He adds up one column of figures, after another." Perfect Harmony "Is your husband mtisicul?" asked the visitor. "Not a bit," replied the l.oKtess, add lug wllh a smile, "but I lime taught biui to play second fiddle perfectly." . . . 1 i by Evelyn Campbell (Cvi rUtil ly Kvlyn CaiiiitiU.) WNU Hurvloe THE STORY Marin Haverhill's futhrr, ne'er-4-wll, due whin she I wrn ti'iui, U'HvitiK hvr to fni' the world with little money or ios pi'cte. CHAPTER II Continued -3- And Linda, seated opposite, forced herself (o look back. She hud seen lil 1 1 a before. He was her fathers best and oldest friend, but (hen her vision had been childish and distorted by sweets and French dolls. She saw li i in now as a man, but she coixjucred what she saw, "It was private," she explained, "by my cousins wish," It was us though the whole occurrence had hccti man aged by I he reluctant Mrs. Ilalston, He nodded. Ills small ejes, ab normally Intelligent, saw through everything at once Cousin Amy's en gagements and (he liiipnutlcality of death at such a time. "And mm. my dear." he saltl, afler all the meaningless words had been spoken, "what can I do (or you?" The little ejes, searching out the Sweet, cold lilies of her body under the narrow black frock said she could have nii.Mliliig ulie wauled of him. He bad refused to lend Jim Haverhill money, but thai was another matter no use sending good dollars down a greased Incline, Jim Haverhill's daugh ter was an Investment virgin soil that could not suspect Its own return But Linda smiled a faint rejection She hail not come to borrow. From her black handbag she took a shea I of stiff papers, and before they were unfolded he caught the familiar glint of gold leaf and purple a hint of flaming scarlet. "My father left no money," she said slowly, "but there are a great many of these certlhVutes. If you will tell me how to sell them" The senator was not a humorous man, but he almost smiled at that. Sell them I But he put out his cuh loucd paw and took the papers, man aging to touch her tlngerilp. "I t course, my child," he wheezed, "pretty little girls must have nioiify.' Then he asked her what she was going to do. and Linda for the'tlrsi time looked chlldl.-h and bewildered Io? She stammered out that she sup posed she would live wllh Cousin Amy and some day would marry, blushing hatefully as she said It. "Ah!" exclaimed (he senator di llghtedly, rolling his (ongtit). "Marry I That shouldn't be dllliciill, m) dear with your -attractions." He wn on familiar troimd now, and edged his great chair closer to hers. I.l.ida got up quickly. "Please sell the slock for mo,'" she pleaded, and suddenly her poise dropped iiwhv mid she was a child, vmnig nn( afraid. The senator was toinlied "Too young to have planned atiiihlmc. ' he thought. "There Imi'1 any man jet ut silly talk She inn l,.ne ail the money she wanis-fot a jear or two." The f'.r.-i! week of following Si't fit her did hot find Linda In Hie city h(alii Al flint uncomfortable period of the yeat she would be with the Kalstoim af Hielr Long .land place or with some other distant relative who had a twinge of conscience ami a opnsmodlc desire to do something for the family orphan. She was not unhappy, because she wag not penniless. The stocks owned by pool J i m occasionally surprised every one by exhibit ing a hi 1 r of life. Something would he sold; something would pay an Intiulieslmal dividend and Linda would have enough lo pay her dressmaker's bill or the expenses of a cabin across. She suvv Converse occasionally, tnd he always urged hei to have a good time and spend what she wanted; be would chalk II up against her account, he promised with a fat laugh. She got over some of her repulsion, hut that was because he was wary. He knew that any fetim'e thing would he appalled by him until Its wings were broken. Cousin Amy spoke lo her husband about the senator. "He Is enormously rich. He has never been married, and It Is very strange that he should man age so well wllh all that worthless paper poor Jim left." He agreed. He was dam glad be hadn't been expected lo handle the stuff, bill it was too bud luslu in dis cuss, even for them, and the subject was ipilckly '.aboo, Linda met Courtney Both at Cor oiuido. He had rim out there lo see what ll was like, he said, for Europe wasn't w linl ll used to he, but he didn't like California either he told Linda, ten mlutilcs after they met. There was nothing lo California bin pavemeiii, a vulgar cllimiie. and pic ture postcard scenery. Her attention was claimed. "What la 'a vulgar climate'?" she asked laughing. "Weaihei that lias no reserves," be answered Instantly "Perpetually smll Ing skies are like a woman who laiigln because she has no soiie.'' She did not like the way he said that. There was something cold and hitler i'i his voice. Men did not usual ly apeak so to her of her own sex. She was both piqued and Inierested "You mean you like to go about with raincoats and rugs?" He nodded. "Possibly. But I lll;e nncertiiinly. 1 Uke to see the sun cloud over and the end of a rainy day." "Then you like capricious women," said Linda thoughtfully. If ho did he had ample opportunity to prove It In (he whirlwind month Unit (tdlowed. for Linda never knew until the day after she married lilm whether she cared or not. Courtney Both was a high bended, reddish faced man wllh (he sort of staring gray eyes that are always look ing over people's bends In search of something farther alleld. lie win never satlslled. If he was here ha wauled to be there. If he bad this he w auled (hat, not through fret fill liess or greed but because of an union iuernble appetite for life. Ho wauled to see everything, to have eveiythlng and he was In a hurry about getting both, Such tastes are expensive. Ills restless expanslveness fed ami encouraged something that might have lain dormant In Linda If she had mar ried another man, Wllh Courtney Until a (rain of venturesomcnt-sa was lighted In her that was to bum to a brilliant Mare until that part of her that was his was consumed. Even wllh this attraction It might not have happened hut for Mrs. Bala ton's Impatience. She could not for get the senator. "Yoirmusf be sure, my dear," she warned the girl. "With your beauty you ought t go far. And. remember, it is all the same afler you have been married six weeks. Courtney Is a charming person, bill the senator has been a wonderful friend. Your posi tion In Washington would be superb." Linda looked at her with dilating eyes. It was not the tlrst time that the senator bad been suggested to her us ol her than her father's friend, and each time something within her grew colder and shuddered with deeper aversion and a strange preaclenca that unless she was careful and quick like a bird In the grass -this thing might happen to her. Measured by Converse, Courtney Both became splen did ami desirable. She did not con shier love, but only safety and the certainly that now she could afford to forget (he other man to whom she seemed to owe some vast and Incom prehensible debt. But even afur the engagement (hey spoke far less of love r tin n of plan for covering ground during the honey moon They were going around the world, but Boih was wort led shout mls-ing the winter sports In Switzer land. "If we were married six weeks sooner, we could lop off enough mile age to get us there In time," he said anxiously. I.lmhi laughed, but her color came and went. She was amused more than ofteiided thai his reason for hurrjlng Ihe wedding was not herself but a pair of si, Is "Well See what Cousin Amy says." Cousin Amy w.is imi averse to an early wedding, hut she wauled to know several things. "lias he money, l.lmla denrt Of course, there must he some, but Is there enough? It lakes such a lot (o I've as tie does, ah er-skittering about (he world ami I no of you would he rather f right fill." Linda shrugged. She was only twenty, but the world has fallen In a way of (renting girls of twenty as If i hey had Ihe wisdom of their grand mothers. Linda had thought so much about money dial she had begun to lake her luck seriously. Money si nun (lime. There had bei-n n bad lime afler her fathers dcaih but that tins hrldged by the clever Unaming ol the slock certificates. She was so certain she was on safe ground that she neglected lo go Inlo the mailer thoroughly with her flame. So Linda, hard bllleii wllh the virus of change, consented to hurry Ihe trousseau and, therefore, please her lover mightily. Courtney Colli was In love with her as he would be with a woman. He was always trying effects with her beauty viewing It from different angles. "You need penrls," hc-sald one dny, and soon after brought her an ex ipilhlie strand. Linda si nod perfectly still while be draped the tenderly beau tiful tearful circlet upon her smooth neck. She had never dreamed of own ing such pearls, bill once they nestled against her llesh she fell perfectly af home with them. (TO BE CONTINUED.) Qualities of Asbestos Known to Charlemasns The Emperor Charlemagne la said to have possessed a cloth of asbestos with which he often astonished tils guests. After having partaken of a meal and Imbibed freely of wine, Ids hamiuetlug friends would ha dulled to the proper degree of credulity. Then the emperor would grasp a cor ner of the lablecloili and sweep It from the rough-hewn table Into the lire. Startled, the guests would gather around and In amii.eiiient watch the Humes vainly lick about the coverlet. Then the emperor would thrust In his hand and pull the cloth clear of the hla.lng coals, which had bleached It to whiteness, and return It to the table A miracle, every one would ex claim, and ll Is said thai even "ha r lemagiie himself w o n d e r e !. New York '''lines. Cauie of Idiocy Cretinism Is a kind If Idiocy which scientists have found to he due to tbt inactivity of the thyroid gland. Hero U never-fulling form of relief from clatlc paint Tela Payer Aspirin tablets snj avnU needli'M suffering from eolatlrt lum bugo and similar excruciating pains. 1 hey do relieve; they oWf do any hum. Just make sure It U genuine, r. 11 : , ; . 3 "Evil Spirit" Kill. Seven Superstition baa gripped the peo ple of A 1 1 it in Kara lllssur, In Cen tral Anatolia, following the deal In of seven Turkish women In a ravine. The sldu of (ho ravine caved In bury ing tlio unfortunates under loin of atone and earth. They wurt part of a party who were collecting lima to beautify the walla of their homes la preparation of the festival of Kour ban Bal ram, and aa similar accident happened In 181k) am IICL the vil lagers art convinced that an tvll spirit dwells In the ravin and at times demands woutcn ns victims to appease ita anger. Independent Employer "Are you a married Mm?" Sambo (applicant for Job) "Naw, iuh Ah makes mall own llvin'." Sweeter Children's stomachs lour, ant fiecd an and acbL Keep their ays terns swrtt with Phillips Milk of 11 agues la I When tongua or breath tells of add conditioncorrect It with a spoonful of Phillips. .Most me i anil women have been comforted by this) Universal sweetener morn mothers Should Invoke lis aid for (heir chil dren. It Is a pleasant thing to take, yet neutrall7.es more acid (ban tho Iiarsher things too often employecl for the purpose. No household Should bo without It Phillips Is tho genuine, jrescrlp tloiial product physicians endorse for general use; (he nnmo la Impor tant. "Milk of Magnesia" has been the T. S. registered trade mark of the Charles II. Phillips Chemical Co. ami Its predecessor Charles IL l'hllllps since 1S73. PHILLIPS Milk , of Magnesia W.SHWfiil And xirs M.ka frmt skis h-suotol, ! mr--umi Crii2A Srrl omtHMfit rasit", ( lis IMftaKian IITIudS- Al Alt ilara. B-v4r kMktot was trs. WffNe DR. C. H. BERRY CO. tS0 Michigan Ave. CMcag mm ''About ten years ogo I got to weak and rundown that I felt miserable all over. One day my husband said, Whv don't you take Lydia E. rinkham'i Vegetable Compound?' When I had taken two bottles I felt better so I kept on4 My little daughter was born when I had been married twelve years. Even my doctor said, 'It's wonderful stuff.' You may publish this letter for I want all the world to know how this medicine has helped me." Mrs. Hortcn Jones, 208 48th Street, Union City, N. J. m & mm m H MakesIMe Psfsgpjyt ikwii s mmm mis I ' yX. ) m ri JeMMNMlieW' " 1' - '" ' m i m si. i ..rw mm mm