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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (March 11, 1915)
10 HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION Farmer Views Farm Management By 0. Hull. I HAVE given myself as much lati- Many of our farmers do not seem to tude as possible in this title, so appreciate the work being done for that I may say what I please, with- them by our state and National Do out being accused of being off my partments of Agriculture, subject. Farm management is such By co-operating with the farm man a large subject that I can only cover agement of these departments the a small part of the field in the time farmer may be materially helped in allotted me. What I shall say is the management of his own farm, by largely gleaned from 45 years of having solved for him many of the actual experience on the farm, and problems, that should he attempt to my somewhat extensive acquaintance solve alone, will cost him money and with farmers and farm methods, ob- much valuable time, tained in doiug farmers' institute Value of Facts work in my own and several other tn mv own state snmo"vpr.. intB states in the past 11 or 12 years. I? , ? , 7. ! I believe first of all the farmer esti"s things have been bought to should, if possible, know the cost of ,isht regarding the cost of growing everything produced on the farm. In some ot the standard crops. One counting this cost, we are not apt to thing shown was the close relation count our own labor, or that of the ot tl'e fertility of our soil to the cost, family, or board, or the depreciation ot production. For example, land on horses and machinery, or interest tcat wa only yielding 34 bushels per on our investment. acre was made to yield 64 bushels If the general gain does not exceed Per acre. after having been seeded to the cost of production, all these con- clover or alfalfa a few years and then sidered, then ho should try to deter- Plowed up and planted to corn, and mine wherein the difficulty lies. This t!lilJ w'th little or no additional ex will necessitate keeping a record of Pense per acre; also the yield was his farm operations; for unless he Increased 11 bushels per acre by the has some record, he has no way of application of barnyard manure, knowing which of his enterprises are Facts of this kind should maleri failures or which are making him a"y aid us in planning our rotation money. on the farm; being sure to have some He is quite likely to attribute sue- legume in the rotation, and instead cess or failure to the wrong cause. of selling our grain, and burning our This is to be expected since there are straw and cornstalks, we should feed so many factors that go to make up mst of it to stock on the farm and success or failure. ' thus get a larger cash return for the Ignorance of Finance. fnTuT'' " KtUTn 'r tJmmVthTJZTnm farmer 1s entlt,e1 t0 a faIr abcroM t be raLd ,,n fh?" rate o inferest on investment, I have found hit flw whn 1,1?' as m,leh as tlie merchant or the bank idea of the cost or JiSS h !ay er' and sh0llld receive t 'east labor they are e rowlne Z? ? er's wages for hlmse't an kmily. " when told of somf n7 th mZ he is not getting this' he is not W found out hJ tk.Tm V. g? t!ns what belonSs to him. Of course, deoartment of nL nSemen tllis mav n" 8tt' money at the agricunure thev arJ ",fVE eud of the 'ear; il sho in bet- termine for themselves if possible, h d number ot llvestock' just what crops were paying, a num- Farm an Investment, ber of farmers with whom I am ac- A nlan should not buy a farm'mere quainted, made up their minds it !' to work and earn a living; it ought would be a good thing for them to t0 uo au investment from which he study their farms from a business nas a right to expect a reasonable re standpoint. They instituted a system turn- A careful mau should, there of bookkeeping which had as its ob- fore nt only take au inventory of ject the determination of the depart- nis property each year but he should ments on their farms that were pro- keel accounts with every important during them the most money. ' enterprise on the farm. His books These men were all successful should contain besides the accounts farmers, and regarded in their re- wltn the persons with whom he deals, spective communities as being pro- accounts with cornfields, oatfields, gressive and up-to-date. The case of hayfields, pastures, cattle, hogs, one or two will illustrate: The first horses, machinery and at least onca was farming well and keeping up the a J'eai' he should balance these ac fertility of his soil by growing live- counts and thus determine, not only stock and rotating crops. He fed cat- his loss or gain, but what enterprises tie and sheep, raised hogs, milked llave paid best, or which have proven cows, gave some attention to poultry a failure, thus permitting him to plan and horses; he grew wild hay, timo- more wisely for the future. , thy, clover, alfalfa, weat and oats. Another agency that the farmer Concentration Best. It would seem that a man who was be K ? i feP l Li mTlrmgfS W0','!df 8UC; courage the MPointment of these bVUnTU0 m pTrtrnrnVget aanv'lotinri, Tf? '8 klZ actually losing him money and that edgP, will help to solve manv nroh- we're mau? fM Pr,nclalt lems' that confront us on Z farm were making him most; the3e were hogs, dairy, coi n and alfalfa, with aluc of K.vei t. Winter wheat closely following. If there are no other means pro- He concluded that if he would vid(Kl tor P'".vi"S this expert, I be make farming a business he should lieve lt wo"l(l amply repay the farm drop the unprofitable lines and de- era t0 finish the necessary funds for vote his time to those that were pay- tl,,s Purpose. ing him well. After doing this he If tlle r'ht man Is secured for this found that his yearly profits were worl. he may not only heip us in the doubled, and since he devotes all his management of our farm work, and time to these few things instead of tne breeding and care of livestock, many, he believes his earnings will Dllt he may be the means of bringing Btiil further increase. about a moral and intellectual uplift Another farmer found he was mak- in ,l,e community in which his work ing more money on what most farm- fs dono- ers would call the small things on Ths far we have dealt with this the farm. His orchard, poultry and s"hjeet of farm management largely garden were yielding him more than with a vlcw of securing the largest the other departments of his farm; Possible yields. While large yields so he sold a portion of his land and ale certainly very important, maxt devoted his time to these things. He mum ylt'ld and the most successful Is making more money than he was farming do not necessarily go to before. This, of course, is partly due father. The only way the success of to his being, especially fitted for this tne farm can he rightly judged is line of work, and because of his loca- tllat of the net income of the whole tioh. farm, provided the fertility of tha Get Informed. farm has not been impaired. The farmer who is to be the most Farm management consiJers, successful in the management of his amonS other things, what enterprises farm should avail himself of all in- R a11 bo limiertaken on the farm, how formation within his reach; and just they fiha11 be arranged, and how in here let me say that the farmer of dl:'tail they slia11 be conducted in or today has many advantages over the der to flt lnto th'3 arrangement, farmer of 43 years ago, when I began Adupt to Conditions, farming for myself. . The selection of each enterprise Then all questions pertaining to will depend on a number of things the farm had to be solved In the such as soli, available labor and mar school of actual experience, and some kets. It is useless to Introduce en of the lessons learned were very terprises on the farm which are not costly to both the farmer himself and adapted to the conditions existing the community in which his work thereon or where available labor or was done. Let the deserted and satisfactory markets cannot be se-worn-out farm of the Km-t and Mid- curpd. die West furnish the proof of tnis. . The agricultural expert with his snoum recKon with in making his knowledge of soils and their adapta- bilitv to the erowlne of certain ernnsi can be of much help here. . t i . i. , The net profit which may be se- cured from the individual farm, do- peuds verv materiallv on the ecou- nmir r-nilriirlnn nl tho m,nnll In . . . v v ,m wmcn u is locaiea. In the minds of all thinking men, there is no longer any question that after the proper adjustment of the enterprises on the farm to enable us to secure the greatest net profit, the next great step in the improvement of the financial condition of the farm ers must come by co-operation with each other in working, buying, sell ing, securing credit, etc. Co-operation has had much to do with the great advancement of the urban peo ple. It cannot fail to have a like ef fect on the fortunes of the rural peo ple. Co-operate. The time has now come when they must adopt it if they wish to secure the maximum of success in'their busi ness. So long as it is true that the farm er gets only from 35 to 40 cents on the dollar the consumer pays for his products, so long will the question of Details furnished promptly upon re how to get the producer and con- iuet, if you will advise us ot your uu.i.v i ivoi lugritii of ail tiuiwii- ant one to be considered in connec tion with the business management of the farm. It will not suffice, however, to con- firm th nttuntlnn if foiMii ni'innao. ment to the production of greater net profits from the farm, important as this Is. The development of better rural homes, rural schools, rural churches and all rural institutions that are re lated to an independent rural citizen ship is vastly more important. If the increased Income from the farm does not result in making better farm homes, out of which shall come better boys and better girls who shall be better equipped to fight life's bat tles than their parents were because of the better advantages they have enjoyed, then, however many dollars you may have on the credit side of your ledger, the final balance sheet will be against you. Keeping the Boy. The question of keeping the boy on the farm is sure an Important one when we consider that in the Blums of one great city, Chicago, there are 22,000 men and boys who once lived on West and Midwest farms and sure ly shows that there was something radically wrong with their education and home life. We must Bhow the boys that farm life is, or can be made, one of the most indenenrlent lives that a man can live; that it is an honorable em- pioyment; and further, that it is a profitable business, when conducted on scientific principles It is our mission to feed and clothe the world, and what nobler or higher calling can any man engage in? But while this is true, your boy will as certainly turn from farm life as he will from any other disagreeable work if you keep him at farm drudgery and neglect his education and give him no chance to develop those God-given impulses to rise above the drudgery of life and taste some of the inde pendence, sweetness and beauty that should ever be the crowning glory of life upon the farm. Possibilities of Fawn IJfc. Farm life is a life in close com munion with Nature; but we must learn some of Nature's secrets, learn to understand her language, and co operate with her laws to enjoy to the fullest extent this communion and know how to claim from her the rich treasures she holds in store for those who have the key to unlock the door of her storehouse. The man in possession of this knowledge, and who uses it, not alone tn make Nature vleM him the lnra-ost . - return in casn, our, wno succeeds in creating an environment on the farm and in the home that will make his boy and his girl want to dig still deeper into Nature's secrets, has man aged his farm to the best advantage, and to the greatest purpose," ever keeping in mind the teaching of the Man of Galilee, that "The life is more than meat, and the body is more than raiment." Buy it now If the farmers will buy their bpnng needs now, it will start up factories during the Winter when work is most needed. inmire' rTrM TTH Amiiiwt UiUU 1 fl t'r. p.iro jour to main miiiur. unci pivniuca bisg r crnp yields, by mak ng a perfo.-i w with the uipekiil I'l i.ykkizfk Packs the iuIjuoii and crushes, roils, lpve5 ' P'llverisei the topsoll. DuM the worj, of 3 iniplunicnts all in one LriD. q uaves buving more Implements saves two extra trips over the plowed ground. send at one onr booklet Peterson M tit. to.. I, Kin t Kent, Ohio. AT LAST The Luxury of a MODERN BATH FOR YOU i At Price You (ai Afford to Pay. Our plan makes this possible at a fraction of its usual cost, and also shown you how to aave the plumber's hill. STARK-DAVIS CO. M boleanle PIuniMnfr Supplies. 2,3 'i'1'1"', i4 PO Iti'l, A M, O 241) Salmon street KI'.liON. OneManWIthA irstin Can Clear Your Land Six ipeota for all purpom, lii powers tor all itumpa. Chsin and abls nodeb from (37.00 lip, mpkt Get my catalofua and limited time pritss now. Write to A. J. KIBSTO CO. It Comnurcltl St-, Salem, Ore. (Bssunt Onus, bcaiitu, HJch.) UFCTIMI CVARAimX ' TRADES TRADE Your Farm ALL KINDS OF HOUSES TRADE FOR FARMS. T. J. LONG TO 520 Henry Building, Portland, Oregon. Beacon Burner FREE FITS YOUR OLD LAMP. 100 Candl Power ineanaeeaent pure white litflit from (keroeene) coal nil. floats ritW aan or electricity. costs onu rem for e Bouts We want one person in each locality to whom we can refer new customers. Take advantage of ourSpHnlOtTifr to secure a Beacon Burner FREE, Writa today. AUKNTO WANTI'JJ. HQMESUPPIVCQ.. ion BonnBlda.,IUii8Maty, M AUK UKi MONKY NOW. Still the bst cream Uep ura tor on the market. Gt the exclusive RReney for our territory and be Ind ticnilent. It's easy to mak from $:t0 to ftjO a week, Wa tench you ihg businMi ami appoint you our a rlal Burnt. Writ today, as we appoint only one raaa Tor each territory. The Cleveland C ream Sep urn I or Company, 101(1 Fowr nve., Cleveland, Ohio. Cash Register Bargains Our prices are about ha.lf other deal ers'. We pay highest price for second hand registers. We do axrjarr r.naii. 'n and guarantee our work. Wilf ex- cnutiKo to auii your rei tit your refluiramAikta. SliMlWAM, CO., 805 2d avenue. a,t tie, Wash. Phone Main 1180. HOTEL EATON W, Pnrk and Mor. 8tm Portland, Or. Rates, $1 up; with bath, $1.60. Spe cial rates by the week. Locatod in the heart of the city. Enillnh Teated SEEDS Ron it fn rm ta Dean I). Ballard, Arcade BUI?., Seattle, Wo, ARTIFlCiA BS Cluarantcccl tn fit ana give comfort to tha user. OKi:iON AKTIFICIAL I.1MB CO. 485 Wnshinrtun St., Portland, Or. Every time yon buy from advertisements in tlxia paper you help to make a better paper,