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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 26, 1914)
Oregon Agricultural College is the Friend of the Farmer Page of News Kotes ana inieresiing Aruuies wmicn vW6 r Oregon Agricultural College, Corvallis, Oregon, the Sole Aim of Which la to Aul Agriculturists PROTEIN FOR PIGS. WHEN young pigs reach the stage where their fattening should be crowded they require for econom ical gains more protein than is sup plied by the grains usually fed to them. There are several available sources of protein, but feeding ex periments at the Oregon Agri cultural College have shown that tankage at present prices is the most economical. Tankage is a byproduct of the meat in dustry and is likely to become oven morn plentiful as more con centrated and economical" methods of slaughtering are practiced. A great deal of the material from which tankage is made is wasted in farm butchering and in slaughtering for the village and small town mar kets and indeed often becomes a serious menace to health. If this wasted material were conserved In tankage it would serve a double purpose la sanitation and in cheap ening pork production. The rate with which tankage 13 to be used with ground grains has treen found by careful experiment at the Oregon Station to be about ten pound of tankage to ninety pounds of grain. This is to be mixed with the grain and fed as liberally as will be eaten without waste, twice a day. Bran and alfalfa both have con siderable protein but In neither isj the form of it concentrated enough j to be an economical addition to gTain rations. -That is, the right amount of protein is mixed with so large a quantity of matter of low Tood value that in order to secure the right amount too much of the Brain is displaced. Middlings and shorts can be depended upon for considerable protein when the price is but little more than that of the cereal. Cotton seed meal and linseed oil meal are used to a considerable ex tent as a source of supplemental protein. The former is somewhat cheaper but because of its poison ous effects in. large quantities, it should not be fed to pigs for more than 42 days. The price of the lin EPod meal is hieh and probably will never be much lower, since it is so largely used by English and Scotca cattle feeders. Where skimmilk or buttermilk mav be had these may be used very largely to supply the deficiency of protein. Table scraps, where but few pigs are kept by large families, are also a valuable source of protein. weight and has the same value In under weight. Thus it is seen tnat really the highest value Is placed upon the desirable weight. The value ot otner poinis on una score card is as follows: Weight, 20; condition, 20; qual ity, 10; dressing percentage, 10; form, 10; face, 3; ears, 1; poll, 1; neck, 2; jowl, 1; shoulders, 2; bris ket, 1; legs, 2; chest, 4; back aUd loin, 4; sides, 3; rump, 1; hams, 3; hind legs, 2. Total, 100. "In case cattle prices drop materi ally there will probably be a cheaper meat supply in the unquarantined production districts, while meat prices will rise in markets normally supplied by the Chicago packers. Thus we are apt to see prices fall for producers and at the 'same time Vise for a large body of consumers. AIDS NEIGHBORLY EXCHANGE. FARM bulletin boards are used by many farmers in some districts to post notices on ot things to coil onil thines wanted. As des cribed by R. E. Reynolds, field live stock man of the Agricultural Col lege, these boards are about tnree hr, fnnr tept in size, and have the name of the farm, the name of the owner and the words "For Sale, naintpd in Dlain letters near the top, and "Wanted" across the cen ter of the space below, une surplus small items such as poultry, fruit and garden product, are then writ ten under the sale notice, ana om?r small items likely to be had by the neighbors are written in the game ,onni. under "wanted." All the laroor items fof sale or wanted are advertised in the newspapers, where the notice will reach the centers ot supply and demand. Only the items for neighborly exchange are posted on the bulletin board, wnicn is placed on the road near the house. rhi nraetice not only facllitiates neighborly exchange but it serves to advertise the farm, encourages me ... r.t farm names and farm station ary, and conveys useful information to travelers. Farmers who have triea the plan are immensely pleased with it . - . PIGGISH PIGS PROFITABLE. GREEDINESS is a distinct asset VS in pigs, and the heavy eaters are more nrofitable than the light eaters. "It is the pig's chief busi ness to make a hog of himself, says iho Hwinn specialist at the Oregon Agricultural College.- "If he eat3 only enough to live, he make no profit for the owner. Only on what he eats above his needs as a living animal is fat put on his body and money put into his owner's pocket. The extent to which the pig . will eat and make good use of his feed is indicated by constitution. Hence in hnvine a nic for fattening we should look well to the points that indicate good constitution. A short snout in dicates a eood appetite, and mild eyes show the good natured inac tivity that bespeaks a good use or the feed. The short, broad race that usually goes with a short blocky body is usually associated with easy fattening qualities." ORGANIC MATTER IN SOILS. WEIGHT OF HOGS FACTOR. PROPER weight of hogs is consid ered the most important factor in iniitririff its value, based on , cnnro cards prepared for use of hn,. school children in judging hogs The reason for this, says Pro fessor Samson, the O. A. C. swine specialist, who made up the value points, is that the over-weight pig cuts up to poor advantage and the under-weight pig is likely to be a loss to the producer. The best weight, that brings the highest mar w rrica npr'nound. is from 175 to 225 pounds, and the nearer the 200-pound mark the Deuer. Although condition, that is, carry ing the fat evenly distributed over the necessary parts of the carcass, is marked as high as weight on the score card 20 points but the cut for variation is double for over CLOSING CHICAGO YARDS BLOW TO CATTLE MARKET IfjifQS cattle market is bound to I be upset at least temporarily h th closine down of the Chicago stock yards," said Prof. E. L. potter, beef specialist in cnarge oi vue O. A. C. Animal Husbandry Depart ment. 'Th offct nf turning away J4.000,- nnn nwh nf beef cattle during every week that the plants are shut down will be far reaching. Much of the western stuff that has oeen finding its way to the Chicago yards will be diverted to other packing centers, notably Kansas City ana the unusually heavy supply' must glut the market. The inevitable effect or a conuuea quai antine will greatly disturb the nor mal channels of trade In cattle and meat, producing a surplus in gome a scarcity in others. ."Of course some of the live stock can be held, but much of it will be forced by lack of feed and other noimAfl TO find a market somewhere. The extent to which this will force dnwn nrices cannot bo known, since the Chicago yards have been in con tinuous operation for almost 50 years and we have no closing pre sent to base estimates on. Clos ing for a few days should not ba serious since about one-half or tlw $4,000,000 receipts are accepted on Mondays. But if the prevalence of the mouth disease forces closing over a period of several weeks the effects must be serious. ORGANIC matter of soils is the de caying roots and vegetable com pounds and the really active son constituent as compared with humus. Humus, as defined by Professor J. E. Larson, Extension agronomist at O. A. C, is the decaying vegetable matter already incorporated m tna soil and has become a distinct part of the soil mass. A supply or or ganic matter is kept in the soil by applications of vegetable matter such k harnvard and Ereen manures. which keep up the humu content as well. If soils are cropped long and onnHnnniinlv to srains in which ths growth is mostly removed, they be come sad and lifeless. The particles run together badly causing greater effort to work the soil and also less production. The surface puddles and bakes and becomes intractible. It may be made to respond to proper treatment in the application of organic matter. At the same time this matter furnishes an additional supply of plant food, increases bac terial activity and releases otherwise unavailable plant food. It also aids in proper aeration and .drainage. It is indeed poor farming practice to fail to Bupply organic matter to hard worked soils. WHY WINTER DAIRYING IS THE MOST FIWUTi.-'" tfiWO HAVE cows freshen in the I fall is of decided advance t ko rioirvman ." says Froi-s- t n tnti. Extension dairyman of the Oregon Agricultural CollM. 'In the first place longer im...... neriods and greater yearly yields no thus obtained. "The maximum yield is secured at il. ti,o when the nrice is the hinb- Liie viu t. , est. The winter price for buttci.it ia Bometinies 10 cents per puu more than in summer. "Labor is employed to good ad vantage at a time when lime cau done on the farm. Given good shel ter and abundance of home grcvn feed the cost of producing milk m the winter is but very little above that of summer. Succulent feed is essential to the beBt- success and tna use of the silo is recommended -or nearly all kinds of green food that can thus be preserved m iueu and succulent condition. If tiitre ia no silo on the farm roots or kale furnish a good substitute for en silage." HOG CHOLERA SERUM. HOG CHOLERA serum is made cn the principle that the blood re- rum of artificially uumum animals can be used as a cure and a-preventive. The disease ia caused by the bacterium Dacuius buIs, and the anti-tcxic serum is pro pared through the use of this germ. Owing to the fact that the filterable invisible virus that causes nog c-nu-lera cannot be grown in the labrr atory it becomes necessary to inject the blood of hogs actually sick with cholera into the serum animals. Ttie nwnrinioa and methods of manufac- ture were determined Dy oiiicluh ui h. n S Denartment of Agriculture as explained by Dr. V. W. Knowles, now representing the department uuu the Agricultural College in the cam paign to eradiate hog cholera in Ore gon. By obtaining a patent on these methods the government has insured to all citizens the right to use the serum without the payment of roy alties. ""Achange refreshes the man. Inaction results in atrophy and weakness. There is no reward for the idler. The lazy man is seldom an optimist. Two governors, those of Oregon and Massachusetts, have suspended the hunting saeson this year because of increased danger of forest fires when the woods were exceptionally, i dry. A MAN TO BE SUCCESSFUL First Considers Quality, Then Buys at Lowest Prices. SEE ME FOR WATER SYSTEMS of All Kinds. LIGHTING PLANTS Electric and Carbide. PLUMBING SUPPLIES AT WHOLESALE. R. A. TWI8S Fourth and Jefferson Streets Portland, Oregon. fir WmMh A
