Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (June 25, 1914)
f HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION A Garden For Every Suburban Home Some Hints on How to Make It A Wolf T iJ i- n J. . . .. " " w vmroen uropa wouia Easily Supply a Family With $100 of Vegetables in Year. A HALF A CUB devoted to the vari ous kinds of garden crops would easily supply a family -with one Biindred dollars' worth of vegetables annng the year. A bountiful supply of really fresh vegetables dose at hand, however, is of more importance even than the money value. The home vege table garden, therefore, is worthy of special attention and should include a create number and varietv of crops. Where there is considerable choice in the location of the garden plot, it is often possible to select land that will require very little special preparation. un tne otner hand, it may be necessary to take an undesirable soil and bring it into suitable condition, and it is irener- ally surprising to note the change that can De wrought in a single season. Good drainage of the garden area is of primary importance. It is desirable that, the land have sufficient fall to drain off surplus water during heavy rains, but the fall should not be so great that the soil would be washed. The sur face of the garden should not contain depressions in which water will accum ulate and stand. Waste water from surrounding land shonld not bo allowed to drain ujon the garden. A good fonce around the garden spot is indispensable and it should be a safeguard against all animals, especially poultry. A tight board fence will accomplish this result and also serve as a windbreak. Classes of Fertilizer. The kind of fertilizer employed has a marked influence on the character and quality of the vegetable produced. Fer tilizers or organic composition, such as barnyard manure, should have passed through the fermenting stage before be ing u?ed. Well-rotted barnyard manure lias no equal as a fertilizer for garden crop?. Chicken, pigeon and sheep ma nure rank high as fertilizer, and manure from fowls is especially adapted for dropping in the hills or rows of plants. Autumn is (he time for plowing bard or stiff clay noils, especially if in a part of the country where ' freezing takes place, as the action of the frost duriug the winter will break the soil into fine particles and render it suitable for planting. Sandy loams and soils that contain a large amount of humus may be plowed in tho spring, but the work should be done early in order that the soil may settle before planting. Sandy soils will bear plowing much earner tnan heavy clay sous. The usu (1 test is to squeeze together a handful ami ji the soil adheres in a ball it is too wet for working. In tho garden greater depth of plowing should be prac ticed than for ordinary farm crops, as the roots ot many vegetables grow deep ly into the soil. Subsoiling will be found advantiigeous in most cases'; as the drainage and general movement of the Boil moisture will be improved thereby. locating Crops. ' ' Hand spading should be resorted to only in very small eardens. or where it. is desirable to prepare a small area very thoroughly. After plowing, the next important step is to smooth and pulverize the soil. If the soil be well prepared before planting, the work of caring for the erops will be very materially lessened. It is not sufficient that the land be smooth and fine on top, but the pulver izing process should extend as deep as ,the plowing. In planning tho location of the vari ous crops in the garden, due considera tion should be given to the matter of succession in order that the land may be occupied at all times. As a rule it would not bo best to have a second planting of the same crop follow the first, but some such arraneement as early peas followed by celery, or early eabbage or potatoes followed by late beans or corn, and similar combinations lire more satisfactory. Sow in Straight Bows. GaTden seeds should always be sown in straight rows, regardless of where the planting is made. By planting in this manner the seedlings will be more uniform in size and shape, and thinning and cultivating will be more easily ac complished. In the control of insects and diseases that infect garden crops it is often possible to accomplish a great amount of good by careful sanitary ar rangement. Some of the vegetables Among the garden varieties thai are comparatively easily cultivated o Artichoke, asparagus, beans, beets, Bras seis sprouts, cantaloupe,, earTot,, eauli flower, cucumber, sweet corn, cress. eao plant, endive, potatoes, lettuce, okra, spiuacu, parsnip, peas, pepper, squash ana onions. For growing certain crops it has often been found advisable to prepare the ground in a special manner. Such crops as beets, radishes and onions are some times grown in beds 6 to 10 feet in wiutn ana raised 6 to 8 inches with narrow walks between. FTom Balti more southward, cabbage, cauliflower and similar crops are frequently grown on top or on the sides of ridges. When the plants are set on top of the bridge bet. ter drainago for tho roots is secured. wnen set on the south side of the ridec greater warmth and earlier maturitv will be secured, and when planted on the north side, tho growth is retarded. For growing eelery and a few similar erops it has been found advisable to place the plants in furrows or slight trenches in oraer tnat tho sou removed may be available for working in around the plants as they mature. What Is Good Soil? In the broadest Bense the entire war den is a seed bed. as tho seeds of manv of the crops are planted where they are to grow. As the term "seed bed" is used here it rofers to some specially pre pared place for starting plants, from which they may be transplanted to their permanent positions in the garden. The location of an outdoor seed bed shonld bo such that it may be convenient.lv reached for watering, and it should be naturally protected irom drying winds, Good soil for a seed bed consists of one part of well rotted manure, two parts of good garden loam or rotted sods, and one part of sharp, fine sand. The manure should be thoroughly rot ted, but it should not have been exposed to the weather and the strength leached out of it. The addition of leaf mould or peat will tend to make the soil better adapted for seed-bed purposes. Mix all the ingredients together in a bean, stir ring well with a shovel, after which the soil should be sifted and placed in boxes or in the bed ready for sowing the seed. Weed seeds and the spores of funuous diseases that are present in tho soil for a seed bed may be killed by placing the soil in pans and baking it for an hour u a hot oven. The seed bed should never be allowed to become dry, lut great care should be taken that too much water is not an plied. Plants require the action of air upon their roots and an excess of water in the soil will exclude the air. Too fre quent and heavy waterines will cause the dampingoff of the seedlings. Protect From Sun. A few hours before removine plants from the seed bed or plant bed, they should, be well watered and tho water allowed to soak into the soil. This will insure a portion of the soil adhering to tne roots and prevent the plants from wilting. If the plants have been prop erly thinned or transplanted it is often possible to run a knife or trowel be tween them, thus cutting the soil into cubes that are transferred with them to the garden. Where the soil does not adhere to the roots of the plants it is well to pud dle them. In the process of puddling, a hole is dug in the earth near the plant bed, or a large pail or pan may be used for tho purpose, and a thin slime, con sisting of clay, cow manure, and water, is prepared. The plants are "taken in small bunches and their roots thorough ly coated with this mixture by dipping them up and down in the puddle a few times. Puddling insures a coating of moist earth over the entire root systom of the plant, prevents the ' air from reaching the rootlets while on the way to tne garden, and aids in securing di rect contact between the roots and the soil. In parts of the country where the sun shine is extremely hot during a part of the summer, some plants, especially those that are grown for salad purposes, are benefited by shading. Shading is often used in the care of Bmall plants when they are first transplanted. Where boards are available thev can be used for protecting plants that have oeen Bet is rows in the earden by nlac ing them on the south side of the row at an angle that will east a shadow over tne plants, and holding them in place bv short stakes driven ia the ground. Laths, wooden slats, cotton cloth or shaded sash are frequently used to protect plant beds from the heat of summer. B1 ALCOHOL IN FRUIT JUICES. Y A RECENT decision of tha U. 8. Department of Agriculture all fruit juices to which alcohol ha heon added must be plainly labeled to show mis it tncy are to be shinned in inter. state commerce afteT September I, 1914. In the opinion of the department, such names as "peach juice," "cherry juice" should be applied onlv tn fruit juices which are unfermented and which contain no added sugar, alcohol, or other substances. Ia the past alcohol nas been frequently added as a pre. scrvative to those preparations which are used for such purposes as flavoring beverages or prcparim? cnrdinli Aft.. September 1, however, goods that do not comply with the new ruling and indi cate this fact on their labels will be de nied entry into this country and if found in interstate commerce will be subjected to appropriate action by the authorities. ' Berry Growers Put Salesman on Boad. The Washington Fruit Growers As. sociation of Centralia has put a sales man On the road to increase the berry demand to meet the snpplv at the height of the local season. So far the local berries have been disposed of without any waste. A second car of 700 crate was shipped to Montana. At a noon luncheon of the Commercial Club Sec retary H. M. Robinson asserted that 70,000 crates of berries would be pro duced in this vicinity this year, bnt that as a result of the efforts of the new farmers' association there will be but little loss. It Will Save You material and disappoint ment, because its leavening power is so strong and reliable. I! 256 L.!JI Crescent Baking Powder will also save you money, its price ia moderate, GET IT FBOM TOTJB G ROC EST" Crescent Mfg. Co., Seattle Rheumatism MOST of the diseases of the human system are due to impure blood or are aggravated by ira pure blood. Cleanse the blood of the impuri ties, uric acid" and germs which are carried to every part of the body and you reach the root of disease. Sulphurro gets results because of its common sense method; when the blood is in its natural healthful state. Rheumatism, Skin and Blood Diseases disappear. Sulphurro cleanses, purifies, invigorates and refreshes Sulphurro has done for me what I thought impossible; it has cured my Rheumatism after years of suffering and after I had tried many remedies. Sulphurro alone is entitled to credit for the fact that I now am in perfect health, with out an ache or a pain. "H. B. PETRIDGE, "1546 Market St., Seattle." SULPHURRO FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS-SOc AND $1.00 J LIFE HEALTH ACCIDENT Phone Main 1711 One Folicv COMPLBTB UIYIbination ONTR ACT 3J INSURANCE CO. HOME OFFICE SEATTLE, TJ. S. A. Clip this Coupon and mall to the Hma Olfle for full Information Nt obligation Incurred. Name; imIm'i nMft nWM Address t " iiTcirMiiinnimnii: Ooeupatloni nearest blrtbiar.. .... Amt Insurance 8u- aresUd: IWt.M.CMIi kit
