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HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
A Garden For Every Suburban Home Some Hints on How to Make It
A Wolf T iJ i- n J. . . ..
" " w vmroen uropa wouia Easily Supply a Family With $100 of Vegetables in Year.
A HALF A CUB devoted to the vari
ous kinds of garden crops would
easily supply a family -with one
Biindred dollars' worth of vegetables
annng the year. A bountiful supply of
really fresh vegetables dose at hand,
however, is of more importance even
than the money value. The home vege
table garden, therefore, is worthy of
special attention and should include a
create number and varietv of crops.
Where there is considerable choice in
the location of the garden plot, it is
often possible to select land that will
require very little special preparation.
un tne otner hand, it may be necessary
to take an undesirable soil and bring it
into suitable condition, and it is irener-
ally surprising to note the change that
can De wrought in a single season.
Good drainage of the garden area is
of primary importance. It is desirable
that, the land have sufficient fall to
drain off surplus water during heavy
rains, but the fall should not be so great
that the soil would be washed. The sur
face of the garden should not contain
depressions in which water will accum
ulate and stand. Waste water from
surrounding land shonld not bo allowed
to drain ujon the garden. A good fonce
around the garden spot is indispensable
and it should be a safeguard against all
animals, especially poultry. A tight
board fence will accomplish this result
and also serve as a windbreak.
Classes of Fertilizer.
The kind of fertilizer employed has
a marked influence on the character and
quality of the vegetable produced. Fer
tilizers or organic composition, such as
barnyard manure, should have passed
through the fermenting stage before be
ing u?ed. Well-rotted barnyard manure
lias no equal as a fertilizer for garden
crop?. Chicken, pigeon and sheep ma
nure rank high as fertilizer, and manure
from fowls is especially adapted for
dropping in the hills or rows of plants.
Autumn is (he time for plowing bard
or stiff clay noils, especially if in a part
of the country where ' freezing takes
place, as the action of the frost duriug
the winter will break the soil into fine
particles and render it suitable for
planting. Sandy loams and soils that
contain a large amount of humus may be
plowed in tho spring, but the work
should be done early in order that the
soil may settle before planting.
Sandy soils will bear plowing much
earner tnan heavy clay sous. The usu
(1 test is to squeeze together a handful
ami ji the soil adheres in a ball it is
too wet for working. In tho garden
greater depth of plowing should be prac
ticed than for ordinary farm crops, as
the roots ot many vegetables grow deep
ly into the soil. Subsoiling will be found
advantiigeous in most cases'; as the
drainage and general movement of the
Boil moisture will be improved thereby.
locating Crops. ' '
Hand spading should be resorted to
only in very small eardens. or where it.
is desirable to prepare a small area very
thoroughly.
After plowing, the next important
step is to smooth and pulverize the soil.
If the soil be well prepared before
planting, the work of caring for the
erops will be very materially lessened.
It is not sufficient that the land be
smooth and fine on top, but the pulver
izing process should extend as deep as
,the plowing.
In planning tho location of the vari
ous crops in the garden, due considera
tion should be given to the matter of
succession in order that the land may
be occupied at all times. As a rule it
would not bo best to have a second
planting of the same crop follow the
first, but some such arraneement as
early peas followed by celery, or early
eabbage or potatoes followed by late
beans or corn, and similar combinations
lire more satisfactory.
Sow in Straight Bows.
GaTden seeds should always be sown
in straight rows, regardless of where
the planting is made. By planting in
this manner the seedlings will be more
uniform in size and shape, and thinning
and cultivating will be more easily ac
complished. In the control of insects
and diseases that infect garden crops
it is often possible to accomplish a great
amount of good by careful sanitary ar
rangement. Some of the vegetables
Among the garden varieties thai are
comparatively easily cultivated o
Artichoke, asparagus, beans, beets, Bras
seis sprouts, cantaloupe,, earTot,, eauli
flower, cucumber, sweet corn, cress. eao
plant, endive, potatoes, lettuce, okra,
spiuacu, parsnip, peas, pepper, squash
ana onions.
For growing certain crops it has often
been found advisable to prepare the
ground in a special manner. Such crops
as beets, radishes and onions are some
times grown in beds 6 to 10 feet in
wiutn ana raised 6 to 8 inches with
narrow walks between. FTom Balti more
southward, cabbage, cauliflower and
similar crops are frequently grown on
top or on the sides of ridges. When the
plants are set on top of the bridge bet.
ter drainago for tho roots is secured.
wnen set on the south side of the ridec
greater warmth and earlier maturitv
will be secured, and when planted on the
north side, tho growth is retarded. For
growing eelery and a few similar erops
it has been found advisable to place
the plants in furrows or slight trenches
in oraer tnat tho sou removed may be
available for working in around the
plants as they mature.
What Is Good Soil?
In the broadest Bense the entire war
den is a seed bed. as tho seeds of manv
of the crops are planted where they are
to grow. As the term "seed bed" is
used here it rofers to some specially pre
pared place for starting plants, from
which they may be transplanted to their
permanent positions in the garden. The
location of an outdoor seed bed shonld
bo such that it may be convenient.lv
reached for watering, and it should be
naturally protected irom drying winds,
Good soil for a seed bed consists of
one part of well rotted manure, two
parts of good garden loam or rotted
sods, and one part of sharp, fine sand.
The manure should be thoroughly rot
ted, but it should not have been exposed
to the weather and the strength leached
out of it. The addition of leaf mould or
peat will tend to make the soil better
adapted for seed-bed purposes. Mix all
the ingredients together in a bean, stir
ring well with a shovel, after which the
soil should be sifted and placed in boxes
or in the bed ready for sowing the seed.
Weed seeds and the spores of funuous
diseases that are present in tho soil for
a seed bed may be killed by placing the
soil in pans and baking it for an hour
u a hot oven.
The seed bed should never be allowed
to become dry, lut great care should be
taken that too much water is not an
plied. Plants require the action of air
upon their roots and an excess of water
in the soil will exclude the air. Too fre
quent and heavy waterines will cause
the dampingoff of the seedlings.
Protect From Sun.
A few hours before removine plants
from the seed bed or plant bed, they
should, be well watered and tho water
allowed to soak into the soil. This will
insure a portion of the soil adhering to
tne roots and prevent the plants from
wilting. If the plants have been prop
erly thinned or transplanted it is often
possible to run a knife or trowel be
tween them, thus cutting the soil into
cubes that are transferred with them
to the garden.
Where the soil does not adhere to
the roots of the plants it is well to pud
dle them. In the process of puddling,
a hole is dug in the earth near the plant
bed, or a large pail or pan may be used
for tho purpose, and a thin slime, con
sisting of clay, cow manure, and water,
is prepared. The plants are "taken in
small bunches and their roots thorough
ly coated with this mixture by dipping
them up and down in the puddle a few
times. Puddling insures a coating of
moist earth over the entire root systom
of the plant, prevents the ' air from
reaching the rootlets while on the way
to tne garden, and aids in securing di
rect contact between the roots and the
soil.
In parts of the country where the sun
shine is extremely hot during a part of
the summer, some plants, especially
those that are grown for salad purposes,
are benefited by shading. Shading is
often used in the care of Bmall plants
when they are first transplanted.
Where boards are available thev can
be used for protecting plants that have
oeen Bet is rows in the earden by nlac
ing them on the south side of the row at
an angle that will east a shadow over
tne plants, and holding them in place bv
short stakes driven ia the ground. Laths,
wooden slats, cotton cloth or shaded
sash are frequently used to protect plant
beds from the heat of summer.
B1
ALCOHOL IN FRUIT JUICES.
Y A RECENT decision of tha U. 8.
Department of Agriculture all fruit
juices to which alcohol ha heon
added must be plainly labeled to show
mis it tncy are to be shinned in inter.
state commerce afteT September I, 1914.
In the opinion of the department, such
names as "peach juice," "cherry
juice" should be applied onlv tn fruit
juices which are unfermented and which
contain no added sugar, alcohol, or
other substances. Ia the past alcohol
nas been frequently added as a pre.
scrvative to those preparations which
are used for such purposes as flavoring
beverages or prcparim? cnrdinli Aft..
September 1, however, goods that do not
comply with the new ruling and indi
cate this fact on their labels will be de
nied entry into this country and if
found in interstate commerce will be
subjected to appropriate action by the
authorities. '
Berry Growers Put Salesman on Boad.
The Washington Fruit Growers As.
sociation of Centralia has put a sales
man On the road to increase the berry
demand to meet the snpplv at the height
of the local season. So far the local
berries have been disposed of without
any waste. A second car of 700 crate
was shipped to Montana. At a noon
luncheon of the Commercial Club Sec
retary H. M. Robinson asserted that
70,000 crates of berries would be pro
duced in this vicinity this year, bnt
that as a result of the efforts of the
new farmers' association there will be
but little loss.
It Will Save You
material and disappoint
ment, because its leavening
power is so strong and reliable.
I! 256 L.!JI
Crescent Baking Powder
will also save you money, its
price ia moderate,
GET IT FBOM TOTJB
G ROC EST"
Crescent Mfg. Co., Seattle
Rheumatism
MOST of the diseases of the human system are
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Sulphurro gets results because of its common sense
method; when the blood is in its natural healthful
state. Rheumatism, Skin and Blood Diseases disappear.
Sulphurro cleanses, purifies, invigorates and refreshes
Sulphurro has done for me what I thought
impossible; it has cured my Rheumatism after
years of suffering and after I had tried many
remedies. Sulphurro alone is entitled to credit
for the fact that I now am in perfect health, with
out an ache or a pain.
"H. B. PETRIDGE,
"1546 Market St., Seattle."
SULPHURRO
FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS-SOc AND $1.00
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