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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (June 18, 1914)
HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION a- Livestock and Dairy Pacti About Care of Farmers' Peeden and Aidi to Greater Milk Production. ,the thing that will prevent indigeBtio I prevents the eommon scours. I When the calf beems to feed daintily, 1 mess with its feed, the ere usually be- 1 i gins to loose its brilliancy, its hair bo J gins to stare or stand on end, ana tne calf's general demeanor begins to change. The calf ought now to receive immediate detention. Give two raw eggs, shell and all by placing one at a time in its month, and fnrftintr thA lawn closed with the hands, thus crushing the egg. it tne eau snouia Degm to scour give one ounce of castor oil with a tea- Bpoonful of cerolin and 20 grains of sub nitrate of bismuth. Repeat the bis muth and creolin with a cup of strong coitee ana mxseea tea every lour hours. , , Tou can 't let calves rustle 4 & ' anyway they like if you want to e ' have fine dairy stock. A calf is $ just the same as a child. Neglect $ $ it when young and you will rue $ it when it 's old. . If you want to 9 get some live, up-to-the-minute $ 0 ideas on how to caro for the young calves in the dairy read $ Professor Blanchard's articlo herewith. ' 3 BY H. L. BLANC HAED, Assistant Superintendent, Washington State Experiment Station. THE best bunch of grade heifer fall calves that the writer ever saw were fed and cared for under the di rection of a girl about 14 years of age. A part of the girl's compensation was to be her choice of one of the calves at the ape of six months. One condi tion of the agreement was that there should be no sickness among the calves caused bv mistakes in feedine or care. Tho girl won and secured the Calf, which she sold fcr $50. These calves were never neglected, and were kept under clean ana sani tary conditions. They were lea reg alarly, especial care being taken not to over feed, so they were kept thrifty, in creasing in weight every day. While feeding, the calves were fastened in calf stanchions, and at the end of six months the girl knew just the amount of feed milk, hay, gr.in, etc., that each one had eaten. The feed cost was about $12.00 per calf and the labor averaced about six minutes per day per calf less than 20 hours labor per calf for the six months. All of the feeds were raised on the farm, excepting a 1 ow pounds of flaxseed meal, and a sack of shorts that was fed while teaching the calves to eat grain. Raise Well-Bom Calves Onlr the well-born calves should be raised for dairy purposes. Premature Kirtlia nucrht to be discarded. Suck calves very rarely develop into profit able eows. They are nsually lacking in mnrva force, vieor and stamina. The calf worth raising will have no less than four teeth completely cut through the gums U birth and should have four teats of reasonable size ana placed widnlv aoart. It is desirable that the heifer develop a large and well shaped ndder, which properly placed teats pro mise. The calf intended for the dairy should be well cared for and at no time ne glected. It i" not much of a trick to raise a cUf that will develop into a producer of 3,000 to 4,000 pounds of milk or 150 to 200 pounds of butter fat per year, provided the parent stock were good cows. Such low producers may result from improper practices in feeding, thereby causing uigestive disorders, limiting the calf's ration to skim milk alone after ti first week, feeding in dirty pails, confining the calf to a wet and un sanitary Btall, and weaning the calf from the skim milk and turning to grass at about three months of age, to rustle a -ery large part of .J living until its first calf is born. buccumbs to Neglect. Tet many farmers persist in raising their calv.s along the lines indicated nbovc, and at the same time know very woll that any other mm crop bo ne glected would not be worth harvesting. Tim calf succumbs to neglect and mis takes iust as Burely and permarently as n thr irons of the farm. With thA nther crons. however, one can cor intake the following year and thus considerably reduce his loss, but trith the calf years elapse before the loss becomes evident, and many years more will bo needed to repair the dam' ge done. It is therctore equany im portant that the feeding and care of t 9 calf from birth if not before birth, be proper and right, as it is that tho breeding shall have been right. Those cows that are making money for their ownors today were not greatly neglect ed and allowed to shift for themselves as calves. To be profitable to tho dairy farmer the cow must produce from 5,500 to 8,000 pounds of milk that shall contain not much less than 300 pounds of but ter fat. Such eows are generally produce and reared along the following lines. Assuming the calf to be well bred and otherwise satisfactory at birth, many successful dairymen find it to tie the better practice to permit the calf to suck the dam for its first feed. lne first milk the eolostrum pos sesses both medicinal and nutritive qualities important to the calf's great est needs. Bemove Calf Promptly. The calf ought then to be promptly removed to a well ventilated, dry and aonitnrv Btall. awav from the dam. The stall should have a window to admit the sunlight and the floor ought frequently to, envered with dry and fresh bed ding. After several hours ana wnen tue calf becomes hungry it should be taugnt: to drink from the pail, by coaxing ana not by forcing methods. Any practice that would be calculated to develop a stubborn and timid disposition in the calf ought carefully to be avoided. Cul tivate the calf's affections, utter tnc calf the dam's milk freshly drawn. By placing a finger wet with the milk on the calf's nose and repeating a iw times if necessary the calf will follow with its nose the finger into the pail and begin to d-ink. By practicing pauenre the feeder soon has the calf taught to drink from the pail and with continued kindness no further trouble neea oe feared in this matter. ti,o naif is a delicate creature and should be nursed with great care in or der that cigestiou troubles may be wholly avoided, tieneraliy Bucn trou bles are produced either by over feeding or feeding in unclean paus. Sometimes the dam's mini is ier.v rich, when only a little should be given, and thus rvoid a bad case of indiges tion. . . . At. all times it is better to under teea o littio than to over feed. Feed whole milk for about ten days and then grad ually change to fskim milk. At tnree weeks the whole mil may saieiy omitted. During the change a little tiaxseeo jelly can be added to the milk, begin ning with a tablespoonful and ending with a half a pint, at a teea. xm bv eooking the flax seed meal in water in the proportion of about one to six by measure, emau calves ought at first to receive not more than three to four quarts of whole milk while large calves may recede irom five to six ouarts daily. Ti... ,,ttitw mav in each case be 4HO rf gradually increased until at the age ot six weeks the amount may have doubled which may well be tho limit. Skim milk had best bo fed as soon as u comes from the separator while it still retains the animal heat. rvu milir i rtanterous feed for the j five months of aee. , lUrtll miuci -- - - Feed skim milk warmed at 90 to 95 de grees relying upon the thermometer, not the finger. Do not feed the calves miiK from tubercular cows, creamery milk ought to be treated before being fed to calves or pigs by heating for 20 to SO minutes at a temperature m tn 1fi0 decrees Fahreinkiit to kill the bacteria present in the milk. Three Feeds Daily. tn:..:j h milk into three feeds daily for the calf for the first week. afterwards two feeds daily. " until the calf is x nontns oia. five or six weckB of age the calf will eat hay and grain. Let it have all it will eat of both, after drinking its .Jilk Do not feed the grain in the mi'.k. Equa parts by ueasure oi bran, com mew and around oats makes a first class grain mixture for the calf. Sprinkle a little of the grain on tue moum . of th calf a few times when it -,:n Kuvimn to like it and eat freely. Most any bright hay win oe nlr fd what the calf will J ... . 1. eat up clean and thus avoid having the calf form the objectionable uamv mussing over the feed in searcn oi mo choicest bits. The calf after two or three montns oi with roughage such as green clover, alfalfa, oats, mixed grasses or roots. 'ed out a unu m .t mi. increasing gradually juntil the calf gets all that it will est up clean. Keep salt and fresh water before the calf daily from the first. Feed in Stall. Rv all means do all the feedine of the calves in stalls or stanchions. These aavA l.ibor and feed, and are a great aid in the prevention of sickness and tho forming of bad habits like gucsing ears, teats, etc., and are not expensive. Aftor a very few days, at feeding time, the calves will be found waiting in tne stanchions. They are first offered their milk after which the grain and hay is given them. Later they are released, whon thev will have forgotten the na tural desire to Buck and tesse each other. Wean the calves from milk at aii months of aac. continue feeding oats in some form, and in the absence of good past-re feed them soiling crops liberally. Silage, roots r.nd hay snouia be fed along similar lines as to the dairy Rreed the heifer at the age oi 16 to 18 months. Continue to feed her for growth and the fullest development, being careful that at no time sne oe nmna stunted As freshening time ap nrnacl.M nandle her frequently, mucn a if aha was producing milk, and thus gradually accustom her to the changes that are to come. The heiier s opposi tion when she becomes a cow has been lrrolv moulded by the care taken .- -ft j - , Kind and gentle treatment generally developes a kind and docile disposition. On the contrary, harshness ana crueuj insures ii kicking and vicious animal, re- tenting every questionable mciaenr about the stables by holding her milk and becoming generally disorderly. Indigestion and Scours. There are but very few dairymen and atnOcmAn who have not had more or Icsb experience with digestion troubles and scours among their animais eepc- eiallv the calves. Under natural ana snnitarv conditions calves usually re main healthy. Indigestion is generally the result of mistakes or carelessness oi the feeder, such as wt' and dirty pens, irregularity in feeding, over feeding, cold milk, sour milk, dirty pans, ami the like. The obvious thing to do is for the feeder not to make mistakes and to nurse the calf with much care. Common scours follow indigestion, hence Manufacturers have found that red alder from the Paeifie Coast is a suit able material for clothesDins. Alder I makes a white, smooth, springy pin. As a result or tnis iact, a ciotnespm rac tory, said to be the first on the Pacific Coast, may be established at Portland, uregon. DI 1 CV LOSSES SURRY PREVENTED 111 A I, ft ) Cuttar't Blkh Pitto. low ImUAWJIL grind, frail. reli.bU; prafernd trf WMttrn stockmen because thiy f- ttet wlier ether emlwel fall. I m .m " Writ for booklet and testimonials. I .PI I K-aM skis. Ilasklei Hill fl.M UaUV SO-leM (tea. Hackles PIRi 4-M- TJse any Injector, but Cutter's best The aaDorlftrUr of Colter products Is due to oer 13 yasrs of spedallzhif In vaeetnss and attains only. Insist on Cutter's. If unobtainable, order dtreet TNC CUTTER LABORATORY, Barkslsr, CaMfsnia, HIDES FTJB8, WOOL, PELTS, ETC. HIBBAED-STEWAET CO., Seattle, Will Write for Price List and Shincins Tags. (Please mention this psppr.) MILLIONS OF SACKS SACKS SACKS Write Us for Price ALASKA JUNK CO. 1120 First Avenue, Seattle, Wash. Mr. Merchant! Since "TIMES AKK HARD," now is the time for you to realize a profit on your old bundle of freight bills that you have perhaps regarded as nothing more than waste paper. Do you know that the fioight and express charges that you pay are' many times in error, duo to oversight on the part of the clerk in assessing proper charges, or to errors in classification, weights, etc, and that which you pay to the transportation com panies in excess of what actually belongs to them for their services under their legally published tariff rates amounts to considerable monev that vou "might count as profit? in the conduct of your business It" is a fact that unless business concerns, however small, employ expert rate and traffic men to look after their trans portation affairs they lose annually a large amount of money that could be saved. OUB BUSINESS IS TO SAVE THIS MONEY FOE YOU FEOM YOUB OLD FEEIGHT BILLS. Wo can greatly benefit you and your business as a member of this association, our staff of traffic experts are the best that money can produce, and we are saving merchants throughout the country thousands of doll' -s yearly in overcharges found on ex pense bills which were erroneously charged by the railroads and express companies. A membership in this association entitles you to these savings, together with such further services as quota tion of rates, routing of freight to receive lowest rates, collection of loss and damage claims, Inter state Commerce Complaints, and many other services beneficial to merchants. The cost of membership is only $10.00 for the first year's service; the second year's service does not cost you anything in eash, as we take $7.50 to cover the second year's service from the overcharges found in the expense bills only, and we further guarantee to refund to you under our contract more than the amount of cash that you originally pay for the membership. Let us have your application today. THE TRANS CONTINENTAL TRAFFIC ASSOCIATION, 4U-415 Panama Building, Portland, Oregon. Gentlemen: I hereby apply for membership In the above named Association to receive all at the benefits under jrour general membership contract, and I noloie her vita cheek for S10.00 to oarer membership fee. .Name. .Address,
